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Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU

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Published by Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Core Subject : Science, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering

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Articles 347 Documents

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PERANCANGAN PROTOTIPE BIOREAKTOR UNTUK PENGOLAHAN LANJUT LIMBAH CAIR PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT (LCPKS) SECARA AEROBIK Bambang Trisakti, Jhon Almer S. Pasaribu, Tri Afrianty, T. Husaini, Irvan
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 2, No 4 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

LCPKS further processing is usually done by using activated sludge system is implemented in an open pond.This system requires a large enough dissolved oxygen so that if the system would lead to poor aeration then the HRT will be great. In addition to the spread of foul smell due to the system being used is open. This study aims to produce a prototype bioreactor that can be used to replace the above processing system. Bioreactor tank made of transparent plastic tube that comes by baffles and stirrer are made of stainless steel. In addition, the bioreactor is also equipped with a motor stirrer, aeration systems, and deodorizing unit. The resulting prototype has 11.078 cm high and 21.4 cm diameter, 9.2-liter operating volume, and fluid and baffle height is 24.5 cm. Bioreactor equipped with two stirrer blade that is horizontal turbine disc type at 7.13 cm of the tank bottom and paddle 4-rowing at 12.84 cm above the first blade. Bioreactor prototype has passed the leakage testand if the air flowing in at a constant velocity 0.5 m/s then the value of gasholdup (ε) is 0.02. Used this prototype for further processing LCPKS cause COD value of waste fell from 4,482 mg/l to 3,096 mg/l for 30 days long processed.

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN ALKANOLAMIDA TERHADAP SIFAT-SIFAT UJI TARIK VULKANISAT KARET ALAM BERPENGISI KAOLIN Yudha Widyanata, Indah M.S. Sitorus, Indra Surya
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 2, No 4 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

By using a semi-efficient vulcanization system, Alkanolamide (ALK) was incorporated into kaolin-filled natural rubber compound at 1.0; 3.0; 5.0 and 7.0 parts per hundred rubber (phr). An investigation was carried out to examine the effect of ALK on tensile properties of the kaolin filled-natural rubber compound. It was found that ALK exhibited higher tensile modulus, tensile strength, and elongation at break up to 5.0 phr of ALK loading and then decreased with further increasing of ALK loading. Crosslink density measurement proved that 5.0 phr loading of ALK in the kaolin-filled natural rubber system exhibited greatest tensile properties due to its highest crosslink density formation.

PENGARUH UKURAN SERBUK TEMPURUNG KELAPA SEBAGAI PENGISI KOMPOSIT POLIESTER TAK JENUH TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK DAN PENYERAPAN AIR Falma Irawati Sijabat, Jenmorisdo Saragih, Halimatuddahliana
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 2, No 4 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jutek.v2i4.5446

Coconut Shell Powder (CSP) was derived from industrial Making Anti-Mosquito can potentially be used as filler in materials composite. The investigation on the utilization of CSP as filler in a polyester matrix has been done with the purpose to obtain the best CSP fillers size in Unsaturated Polyester (UPR) composites in producing the best mechanical properties such as tensile strength, impact strength and water absorption. In this study, UPR was mixed with CSP at the sizes 50 mesh, 70 mesh and 100 mesh with comparison of CSP: Unsaturated Polyester 20:80 (w/w) by using hand lay-up method. The result of mechanical properties showed that, at a ratio of CSP: PE (20:80), the maximum tensile strength obtained is 42.558 MPa with the size of CSP 70 mesh. The test on impact strength was found that the increasing only occured with the size of CSP 100 mesh at 6083.47 J/m2. For absorption test, the highest water absorption occured at the first day, water absorption increased with increasing the amount of filler and the most CSP absorbed water at 70 mesh.

KARAKTERISTIK EDIBLE FILM DARI EKSTRAK KACANG KEDELAI DENGAN PENAMBAHAN TEPUNG TAPIOKA DAN GLISEROL SEBAGAI BAHAN PENGEMAS MAKANAN Loisa Lorensia Sinaga, Melisa Seri Rejekina S, Mersi Suriani Sinaga
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 2, No 4 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jutek.v2i4.5454

One way to solve the environment issue in the usage of nonbiodegradable plastic is by using biodegradable packaging. Edible film is a thin layer which is overlay the food. In this research, edible film made from mixture of soybean extract with starch and glycerol. The process of making edible films is began with producing soybean protein extract producing soy milk. Soy milk added by tapioca flour and glyserol variations : 2; 4; 6; 8 and 10 (ml/100 ml soy milk). Then, the mixture stirred by using magnetic stirer, formed and dried in the oven at the temperature of 40 °C ± 2 days. After that, the characteristics test of edible film done by checking the thickness, the tensile strength and elongation at break. The results of research shows that the addition of glycerol influence the edible film’s thickness, tensile strength and elongation at break. The thickness obtained from the increasing of the addition glycerol. They are 0,208 mm; 0,228 mm; 0,248 mm; 0,274 mm and 0,294 mm. The tensile strength will decrease if the thickness of the edible film increase. They are 0,105 MPa; 0,134 MPa; 0,088 MPa; 0,072 MPa and 0,048 MPa. The elongation at break which is obtained will increase by increasing of edible film’s thickness. They are 1,839%; 3,270%; 3,842%; 5,779%, and 6,158%. The characteristic’s test shows that the best thickness of edible film is 0,228 mm.

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN ALKANOLAMIDA TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK PEMATANGAN DAN KEKERASAN VULKANISAT KARET ALAM BERPENGISI KAOLIN Indah M.S. Sitorus, Yudha Widyanata, Indra Surya
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 2, No 4 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jutek.v2i4.5532

By using a semi-efficient sulphur accelerated vulcanization system, an investigation of the effect of alkanolamide on cure characteristics and hardness properties of kaolin-filled natural rubber compounds was carried out. Alkanolamide was synthesized from Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Stearin (RBDPS) and diethanolamine. Alkanolamide was incorporated into the kaolin filled-natural rubber compound at 1.0; 3.0; 5.0 and 7.0 Parts per-Hundred RubbeR (phr). It was found that alkanolamide gave shorter scorch time and cure time. Alkanolamide also exhibited higher torque different, crosslink density, and hardnessup to 5.0 phr and then decreased with further increasing the loading of alkanolamide.

PENGARUH MASSA RAGI DAN WAKTU FERMENTASI TERHADAP BIOETANOL DARI BIJI DURIAN Farida Hanum, Nurhasmawaty Pohan, Mulia Rambe, Ratih Primadony, Mei Ulyana
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 2, No 4 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Bioethanol is the ethanol made from plants that contains starch, sugar, and the others cellulose plants. This study uses durian seeds that contain carbohydrate and sugar as basic material and the purpose is to make bioethanol from durian seeds with the variation of yeast mass added and fermentation time. The variables used were the changes of yeast mass 3%; 6%; and 9%, fermentation pH was 4,5, and fermentation times were 0; 24; 48; 72; and 96 hours. The results of experiment were the bioethanol concentration was 18.9988% at the yeast mass 6% with 48 hour for the fermentation.

PENGARUH WAKTU FERMENTASI TERHADAP PERSENTASE PENYISIHAN PADATAN TERSUSPENSI TOTAL (TSS) CAMPURAN LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI TAPIOKA DENGAN AIR Wan Rizki Ansari, Umayi Belladiana, Setiaty Pandia
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 3, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

The waste water of tapioca is the waste produced from the washing process raw materials, screening cassava porridge (extraction) and starch sediment containing organic compounds which are still important, especially starch and other compounds that can be used as raw material for the manufacture of bio gas. This study aimed to determine the effect of fermentation time on the elimination percentage of Total Suspended Solid (TSS) using batch anaerobic digester system. Research was carried out by mixing the liquid waste of tapioca industry with water in the ratio 100:0; 85:15; 65:35; 50:50;35:65, and 15:85 (v/v) with starterin an anaerobic digester system batch in which neutral pH of the mixture was set. Parameter observed was the content of Total Suspended Solid. Percentage of elimination of Total Suspended Solid was reached at the rasio of liquid waste to water 100:0 (v/v) with the optimal value of 89.851% on the 21th day.

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN TRACE METAL FE TERHADAP PENYISIHAN KANDUNGAN PADATAN LIMBAH CAIR KELAPA SAWIT MENGGUNAKAN REAKTOR HYBRID UPFLOW ANAEROBIC SLUDGE BLANKET Julika Sitinjak, Janwarisman Purba, Fatimah
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 3, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Research about influence the addition of trace metal Fe against allowance for the solid content of palm oil mill effluent using Hybrid Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor aim to know the additionof trace metal Fe against allowance for the solid content of palm oil mill effluent using HUASB reactor based on removal of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Suspended Solid (TSS) dan Volatile Suspended Solid (VSS). The reactor isa reactor with a combination of suspended growth reactor in the bottom and attached growth reactor at the top. The material used is palm oil mill effluent and inoculum derived from PKS Pagar Merbau. Test parameters to observed are COD, TSS and VSS. The optimum conditions obtained on the organic load is 17024 mg/l with the addition of Fe is 0.5 mg/l so that obtained COD reduction is 85.891%, TSS reduction is 86.047% and VSS reduction is 36.566%.

KARAKTERISTIK FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRA RED DAN KEKUATAN BENTUR KOMPOSIT POLIESTER TAK JENUH BERPENGISI ABU SEKAM PADI PUTIH Caroline Oktaviana Hutagalung, Maulida
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 3, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of white rice husk ash as filler in Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) caractheristic and impact strength of polyester composites. The composites were made with open mixing method by mixing unsaturated polyester with white rice husk ash with the composition of each fillers of 5,10, 15, and 20 % (w/w) then added with 1% methyl ethyl ketone peroxide as catalizer. The parameters which was carried on the prepared samples was characteristic of FTIR and impact strength. It was found that impact strength increased at each of composition of fillers white rice husk ash (WRHA). The optimum value of unsaturated polyester composite filled WRHA are 7031 J/m2 and 8297,333 J/m2 for particle size maximum 100 and 250 mesh.

APLIKASI KARBON AKTIF DARI CANGKANG KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN AKTIVATOR H3PO4 UNTUK PENYERAPAN LOGAM BERAT Cd DAN Pb Erika Mulyana Gultom, M. Turmuzi Lubis
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 3, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jutek.v3i1.6181

This research aims to determine the optimum conditions ofactivated carbon made of palm shells activated with H3PO4as an absorber of heavy metals such as Cd and Pb. The research methodology includes the preparation of activated carbon, absorption, and testing. Absorption stage is done by varying the concentration of heavy metals are 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 15 ppm, 20 ppm and activated carbon mass per run, which is0.5 grams. Another variable are the contact time with intervals of 5 minutes and the pH arranged heavy metals 2-9. Testing activated carbon absorption to heavy metals using atomic adsorption spectrofotometric (AAS). The results showed that the most optimum absorption is concentration of 10 ppm, 40 minutes and pH absorption3-4. Absorption of heavy metals Cd and Pb obtained 84,61 % and 80,13 %.

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