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Cermin Dunia Kedokteran
Published by PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk.
ISSN : 0125913X     EISSN : 25032720     DOI : 10.55175
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran (CDK) is a Medical Journal published since 1974 and affiliated with PT Kalbe Farma Tbk. CDK is intended to help accommodate scientific publications and help increase and disseminate knowledge related to the development of medical science, pharmacy, and public health. CDK covers the disciplines of medicine, pharmacy, and health with several types of articles, namely: 1. Research 2. Literature review 3. Case report 4. Evidence-based case report (EBCR), systematic review 5. Other scientific articles Based on the SK Kemendikbudristek Nomor 152/E/KPT/2023, CDK has obtained Rank 4 (SINTA 4) for Scientific Journals.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 12 Documents
 1   2 
Search results for , issue "Vol 45 No 12 (2018): Interna" : 12 Documents clear
Characteristics of Marine Envenomation Cases in Kepulauan Seribu District Hospital, Indonesia Hadiki Habib; Johan Salim; Yogie Dwi Nugroho; Fitran Amansyah; Donny Alpha Edison; Ghamal Ahmad Pramana; Ma’mun; Salinah
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 12 (2018): Interna
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i12.679

Abstract

Backround Kepulauan Seribu district hospital frequently manage cases of marine envenomation. Recognizing characteristics of envenomation are needed to develop clinical guideline. Method. A cross sectional study during January to December 2016. Cases of marine envenomation in the Emergency Room of Kepulauan Seribu District Hospital were documented by structured medical records. Pictures of the affected body parts were also taken. Results. Sixteen cases of marine envenomation were documented. Most subjects (87,5%) were domestic tourists. The average age of the subjects were 21,12 years old. Pain is the most common chief complaint (81,3%). Most subjects seek medical treatment less than 2 hours after the incident (56,3%). Lionfish sting was the most common cause (50%) followed by jellyfish sting (25%), other causes were stingray, sea urchin, catfish, and sea snake. Diagnosis were mostly made by focused anamnesis for animal identification (62,5%) and examination of the wounds (25%). Puncture type wound was the most common pattern (68,75%). Initial management by hot water immersion were only done in 56,3% cases. Conclusion. Lionfish sting was the most common cause of the envenomation cases in Kepulauan Seribu region. Identification of the animals and the wound patterns were the most common diagnostic methods. Hot water immersion was found to be effective to relief the pain but its use in medical management was not extensively applied.
Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Non-Cirrhotic Portal Hypertension Dian Daniella; Michelle Octoviani Kristianto
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 12 (2018): Interna
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i12.680

Abstract

Non-cirrhotic portal hypertension (NCPH) merupakan hipertensi portal tanpa sirosis, terjadi pada 10% pasien hipertensi portal. Komplikasi paling sering NCPH adalah varises esofagus yang juga merupakan penyebab kematian terbanyak. Penyakit ini sulit didiagnosis karena prevalensi rendah dan manifestasi klinis beragam, umumnya varises esofagus, splenomegali, dan anemia. Pada pemeriksaan ultrasonografi dan biopsi hepar hasilnya normal. Terapi NCPH adalah beta-blocker untuk mengurangi tekanan portal, terapi endoskopik untuk mengatasi varises esofagus, dan operasi. Non-cirrhotic portal hypertension (NCPH) is a portal hypertension that occurs in the absence of cirrhosis, which occurs only in 10% portal hypertensive patients. The most frequent complication of NCPH is esophageal varices that is also the leading cause of death. Diagnosis is difficult because of low prevalence and multiple clinical manifestations, usually as esophageal varices, splenomegaly, and anemia, while ultrasonographic and liver biopsy are normal. Treatment is beta-blockers to reduce portal pressure, endoscopic therapy to overcome esophageal varices, and surgery
Vaksin Japanese Encephalitis: Manfaat dan Komplikasi Ruby Kurniawan
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 12 (2018): Interna
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i12.681

Abstract

Japanese encephalitis (JE) adalah infeksi virus sistem susunan saraf pusat yang ditularkan oleh nyamuk Culex. Infeksi ini lebih sering mengenai anak di bawah usia 15 tahun. Seluruh wilayah di Indonesia merupakan daerah berisiko, terbanyak di Bali, Kalimantan Barat, dan Sulawesi Utara. Penyakit ini dapat menyebabkan kematian dan kecacatan. Vaksinasi JE merupakan strategi yang baik untuk mengurangi angka kematian serta kecacatan pada anak-anak. Di Indonesia, vaksin JE sudah direkomendasikan oleh Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia untuk usia lebih dari 1 tahun. Vaksin yang beredar di Indonesia merupakan vaksin hidup rekombinan yang dilemahkan dengan efektivitas hampir sama dengan jenis vaksin lain. Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a viral central nervous system infection transmitted by Culex mosquitoes. This infection frequently affects children under 15 year-old. Indonesia is a vulnerable area, mostly in Bali, West Borneo, and North Sulawesi. Mortality and morbidity is a serious complication. Vaccination is a good strategy to reduce mortality and morbidity in children. JE vaccine is recommended by Indonesian Pediatric Society for more than 1 year-old. Vaccine in Indonesia is live attenuated chimeric vaccine and the level of effectivity is similar to the other vaccine.
Tanda Bahaya, Evaluasi, dan Tatalaksana Sembelit pada Anak Lina Purnamasari
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 12 (2018): Interna
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i12.682

Abstract

Sembelit atau sulit buang air besar (BAB) merupakan gangguan pencernaan yang banyak dialami dan mempengaruhi kualitas hidup anak. Sembelit pada bayi dan anak perlu dievaluasi untuk menilai adanya tanda bahaya. Penyebab sembelit dibagi menjadi organik dan fungsional. Sembelit fungsional pada anak memerlukan terapi jangka panjang. Constipation is digestive disorder commonly found in children and influence the quality of life. Difficult bowel movements in infants and children need to be evaluated to assess alarm sign/red flag. The etiologies are divided into organic and functional. Functional constipation in children requires long-term therapy.
Cancer Immunotherapy and CAR T Cells King S Ong; Zack ST. Lim; Boenjamin Setiawan
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 12 (2018): Interna
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i12.683

Abstract

Within the past decade, radical changes of idea emerged from the works of research scientists, medical experts, and oncologists. Instead of treating cancers with man-made chemicals or chemotherapy and radiotherapy, or surgically remove the tumor, we should unleash the power of our own body immune system. Indeed, such approach has borne fruits and benefited at least for some cancer patients. This review describes various types of immunotherapy known to date, with its beneficial effects, albeit some with serious harmful effects. To understand how immunotherapies work, we also review some biologic characteristics of cancer cells that let them evade attacks from our immune system; cancer microenvironment that works in favor or protecting the growth of cancer against our immune system will also be discussed. Hanya dalam jangka 10 tahun terakhir, telah terjadi perubahan radikal hasil penelitian para ahli, ahli medis, dan ahli onkologi. Di samping cara klasik penyembuhan kanker seperti obat-obat kimia sintetik atau kemoterapi dan radioterapi atau pembedahan, kini para ahli telah menggunakan sistem imunitas tubuh penderita sendiri. Cara ini telah terbukti dalam pengobatan beberapa pasien kanker. Dalam ulasan ini kami akan memaparkan beberapa immunoterapi saat ini dengan hasil baik meskipun masih terdapat beberapa efek samping berbahaya. Untuk memahami bagaimana imunoterapi bekerja, akan diulas dan dijelaskan sifat-sifat biologi sel kanker, dan bagaimana kanker sel bisa menghindari serangan sistem imun; dan lingkungan mikrokanker (cancer microenviroment) yang melindungi kanker dari sistem imun.
Infeksi Jamur Oportunistik Pneumocystis jirovecii Conny Riana Tjampakasari
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 12 (2018): Interna
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i12.684

Abstract

Pneumocystis jirovecii (P. jirovecii) sebelumnya dikenal sebagai Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. Hominis, yang diketahui sebagai penyebab infeksi oportunistik saluran pernapasan bawah pada individu dengan sistem kekebalan tubuh lemah, terutama penderita infeksi HIV. PjP terdistribusi di seluruh dunia dan dapat menyerang berbagai usia. P. jirovecii mempunyai beberapa faktor virulensi antara lain major surface glycoprotein (MSG), DHPS (dihidropteroat sintase), dan mtLSU (mitochondrial large subunit). Diagnosis PjP mengandalkan pemeriksaan mikroskopis dari berbagai spesimen saluran pernapasan. Metode lain adalah diagnosis molekuler untuk deteksi dan karakterisasi DNA. Pengobatan lini pertama dengan kombinasi trimetoprim-sulfametoksazol (TMP-SMX). Beberapa negara termasuk Indonesia telah melaporkan beberapa genotip resisten terhadap beberapa antibiotik. Penyebab resistensi antibiotik dapat disebabkan oleh pemakaian jangka panjang atau kesalahan deteksi karena seringkali gejalanya tidak khas. Pneumocystis jirovecii (P. jirovecii) previously known as Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. hominis are known to be the cause of opportunistic lower respiratory tract infections in individuals with decreased immunity, especially HIV infection. PjP is distributed throughout the world and can attack various ages. P. jirovecii has several virulence factors including major surface glycoprotein (MSG), DHPS (dihydropteroate synthase), and mtLSU (mitochondrial large subunit). Diagnosis of PjP relied on microscopic examination of various respiratory specimens. Another method is molecular diagnosis for detecting and characterizing DNA. The first-line treatment use trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX). Some countries including Indonesia have reported resistance to some antibiotics. It can be caused by long-term use or diagnostic error because of atypical symptoms.
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Prerenal pada Dengue Shock Syndrome I.B. Aditya Nugraha; Wayan Sudhana
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 12 (2018): Interna
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i12.685

Abstract

Dilaporkan satu kasus pasien laki-laki usia 12 tahun dengan diagnosis awal severe dengue syndrome dengan acute kidney injury (AKI) stadium II pre-renal. Diduga ada kaitan antara DBD dan kejadian AKI. A case of 12 year-old boy diagnosed as Severe Dengue Syndrome with acute kidney injury (AKI) pre-renal stage II was reported. Relationship of dengue and AKI was discussed.
Acute Kidney Injury and Bloody Diarrhea in Falciparum Malaria Widdy Winarta
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 12 (2018): Interna
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i12.686

Abstract

Malaria remains one of the deadliest infectious disease in worldwide. In adults, one of the commonest complication of falciparum malaria is acute kidney injury. Bloody diarrhea is rarely documented. This is a case report of a 24 year-old male with falciparum malaria presenting to the emergency department with fever, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, and decreased urine output. The patient was given rehydration therapy and antiemetics before administration of artesunate and primaquine. After three days, the patient had recovered. Acute kidney injury was primarily caused by dehydration, which explained the rapid recovery of the serum marker after proper fluid resuscitation. Exclusion of other potential pathogens must be done in a case of falciparum malaria with bloody diarrhea. Malaria masih merupakan salah satu penyakit infeksius paling mematikan di dunia. Pada dewasa, komplikasi paling sering malaria falsiparum adalah gagal ginjal akut. Diare berdarah jarang dilaporkan. Laporan ini membahas kasus pasien laki-laki usia 24 tahun dengan malaria falsiparum dengan keluhan demam, muntah, diare berdarah, dan penurunan jumlah urin. Pada pasien dilakukan rehidrasi dan pemberian antiemetik sebelum diberi artesunat dan primakuin. Setelah tiga hari pengobatan, pasien kembali normal. Gagal ginjal akut disebabkan terutama oleh dehidrasi, yang menjelaskan cepatnya pemulihan kadar ureum dan kreatinin setelah resusitasi cairan yang tepat. Eksklusi penyebab kuman patogen potensial harus dilakukan pada kasus diare berdarah pada malaria falsiparumt
Latihan Fisik bagi Penderita Hipertensi Arum Widi Sarastuti; Bambang Widyantoro
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 12 (2018): Interna
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i12.687

Abstract

Hipertensi merupakan faktor risiko utama penyakit kardiovaskular, yang jika tidak diterapi secara tepat dapat meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas. Latihan fisik merupakan salah satu bentuk upaya nonfarmakologis pencegahan, pengobatan, serta rehabilitasi pasien hipertensi. Dosis latihan fisik hendaknya sesuai kondisi masing-masing penderita hipertensi. Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease which, if not properly treated, can increase morbidity and mortality. Exercise is non-pharmacological method in prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of hypertension. The dose of physical exercise should be appropriate.
Aloe Vera sebagai Terapi Alternatif Psoriasis Nyoman Suryawati; Juliyanti
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 12 (2018): Interna
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i12.688

Abstract

Psoriasis merupakan penyakit kulit inflamasi kronis, berkaitan erat dengan faktor genetik dan lingkungan. Berbagai modalitas terapi psoriasis seperti sistemik, topikal, ataupun fototerapi dapat menimbulkan efek samping. Aloe vera topikal merupakan salah satu terapi alternatif herbal psoriasis karena memiliki efek antiinflamasi, antimikroorganisme, antiproliferasi, dan keratolitik. Berbagai uji klinis melaporkan bahwa Aloe vera efektif menurunkan derajat keparahan psoriasis tipe plak kronis, tanpa efek toksik ataupun efek samping serius, Aloe vera topikal aman dan dapat dipertimbangkan menjadi terapi alternatif herbal untuk psoriasis. Psoriasis is a chronic disorder characterized by chronic inflammation, associated with genetic and environmental factors. Treatments such as systemic, topical, and phototherapy are mostly used in long periods with potential side effects. An alternative herbal treatment is topical Aloe vera as antiinflammation, antimicrobial, antiproliferative, and keratolytic. Clinical trials reported the effectiveness of Aloe vera in decreasing the psoriasis severity, particularly in plaque type without toxicity and side effects. Topical Aloe vera is safe and can be considered as an alternative herbal treatment

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