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All Journal Microbiology Indonesia WARTAZOA Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Damianus Journal of Medicine Majalah Obat Tradisional Journal Of Vocational Health Studies Syntax Literate: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology and Biodiversity The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases Journals of Ners Community Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan EKOTONIA: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi, Botani, Zoologi dan Mikrobiologi MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal Cermin Dunia Kedokteran East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (EAJMR) Jurnal Sehat Indonesia (JUSINDO) Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Jurnal Kedokteran Meditek Biomedika Cermin Dunia Kedokteran
Tjampakasari, Conny Riana
Departemen Mikrobiologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia
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DIHYDROPTEROATE SYNTHASE (DHPS) TERHADAP EFEKTIFITAS TERAPI PNEUMOCYSTIS Tjampakasari, Conny Riana
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology and Biodiversity Vol 1, No 1 (2017): Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology and Biodiversity
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology and Biodiversity

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Abstract

AbstrakDihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) merupakan target enzimatik atau target gen untuk sulfonamid yang merupakan obat utama untuk profilaksis atau pengobatan terhadap infeksi oleh jamur Pneumocystis. Kombinasi dari trimetoprim sulfametoksazol banyak digunakan untuk lini pertama profilaksis dan pengobatan pneumonia karena Pneumocystis jirovecii serta untuk mikroba patogen lainnya seperti Plasmodium falciparum, Toxoplasma gondii dan Streptococcus pyogenes. Genom DHPS terletak pada kromosom 19p132 dengan ukuran 9045 basis, memiliki 9 ekson dan membentang sekitar 5 kb. Mutasi gen DHPS berdasarkan penelusuran SNP terjadi perubahan dari Arginin (R) menjadi Cystein  (C) pada posisi protein 174 dan 44.  Sedangkan berdasarkan analisis komparatif protein struktyr sekunder, protein DHPS yang normal, posisi asam amino ke 622 adalah Prolin dengan struktur sekunder asam amino berbentuk coil, sedang pada protein DHPS yang mutan, posisi asam amino ke 622 adalah Leusin dengan struktur sekunder asam amino berbentuk coil pula. Hal ini  menyebabkan tidak ada perbedaan struktur sekunder pada protein DHPS normal dan mutan. Dengan ditemukannya gen mutasi tersebut maka  target enzimatik atau target gen untuk sulfonamid yang merupakan obat utama untuk profilaksis atau pengobatan Pneumocystis menjadi terhambat. Kata kunci: DHPS, efektifitas, terapi pneumocystis
DETEKSI GEN MSG UNTUK PENINGKATKAN KETEPATAN DIAGNOSIS PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECII PADA PASIEN HIV DENGAN PNEUMONIA Tjampakasari, Conny Riana; Yasmon, Andi; Sudarmo, Fitrahwati
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology and Biodiversity Vol 2, No 1 (2018): Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology and Biodiversity
Publisher : Universitas Esa Unggul

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Abstract

AbstractPneumocystis jirovecii is the cause of opportunistic infections in the lower respiratory tract of immunocompromised patients, especiallyin human immunodeficiencyvirus (HIV). Until now the case of P. jirovecii in Indonesia is not known with certainty because the data obtained only based on patient’s clinical condition. Culture is still on going research while microscopic as a gold standard has some limitation, among others, takes a long time in the process, requires special kills to work and interpret results. The diagnosis of P.jirovecii infection in Indonesia is still based on clinical and microscopic examination, which takes a long time, is less sensitive and specific. Based on this reason then developed rPCR that  more sensitive and specific. In addtionthe results obtained are less sensitive and spesific. Based on that, in this study developed real-time PCR (rPCR) molecular test that more sensitive and apesific using gene MajorSurface Glicoprotein (MSG). MSG is detection target of its presence in the fungus cell wall is very abundant and has a sustainable sequence. The rPCR was successfully optimized with a minimum DNA detection capability of 6.55 cop / μl and did not cross-react with other microorganisms tested in this study. Obtauned 50 clinical sampels consisting of sputum and sputum induction. The result of comparison between microscopic test and rPCR show that rPCR increase positive results up to 20%. The rPCR test can detect P.jirovecii on clinical samples of sputum and induced sputum from HIV patients with pneumonia with CD4 +> 200 or ≤ 200 cells.  Keywords : real time PCR, HIV, pneumocystis jirovecii. AbstrakPneumocystisjiroveciiadalah penyebab infeksi oportunistik di saluran pernapasan bawah pada individu dengan sistem kekebalan tubuh yang lemah, terutama pada pasien HIV. Pemeriksaan infeksi P. jirovecii di Indonesia masih berdasarkan pemeriksaan klinis dan mikroskopis, yang memerlukan waktu yang cukup lama, kurang sensitif dan spesifik. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka dalam penelitian ini dikembangkan uji molekuler real time PCR (rPCR) yang lebih sensitif dan spesifik. Uji rPCR telah berhasil dioptimasi dengan kemampuan deteksi minimum DNA 6,55 copy/μl dan tidak bereaksi silang dengan mikroorganisme yang diuji pada penelitian ini. Dibandingkan dengan uji mikroskopis, uji rPCR memberikan hasil positif 20% lebih tinggi daripada uji mikroskopis. Uji rPCR dapat mendeteksi P.jiroveciipada sampel klinis sputum dan sputum induksi dari pasien HIV dengan pneumonia denganjumlah sel CD4+> 200 maupun ≤ 200. Oleh karena itu, uji rPCR yang telah dioptimasi dalam studi ini dapat mendeteksi P.jirovecii pada sampel klinis sputum dan sputum induksi dari pasien HIV dengan pneumonia dengan jumlah sel CD4+> 200 maupun ≤ 200. Kata Kunci : real time PCR, HIV, pneumocystis jirovecii.
Bakteri Gram positif Listeria monocytogenes sebagai penyebab Food-borne Disease Tjampakasari, Conny Riana
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48, No 1 (2021): Penyakit Dalam
Publisher : PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (154.336 KB) | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i1.1259

Abstract

Bakteri Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) merupakan salah satu patogen food-borne penyebab listeriosis dengan prevalensi rendah namun dengan fatality tinggi sebagai pencemar makanan. Listeriosis merupakan penyakit infeksius yang menyebabkan aborsi, meningitis, dan septikemia; cenderung lebih fatal pada kelompok populasi ibu hamil, bayi, lansia, serta penderita immunodefisiensi. Meskipun kasus infeksi bakteri ini jarang, namun klinis termasuk parah dengan angka kematian tinggi. Deteksi laboratorium untuk diagnosis dapat dengan metode analytic konvensional dan metode cepat. Upaya pengendalian infeksi bakteri ini dengan pencegahan dan pengobatan infeksi.Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) bacteria is a food-borne pathogen with a low prevalence rate but with a high fatality rate as a food contaminant. Listeriosis is an infectious disease that causes abortion, meningitis and septicemis; tends to be more fatal in population of pregnant women, infants, the elderlies and immunodeficiency sufferers. Although cases are rare, the clinical conditions are categorized as severe with a high mortality rate. Laboratory diagnosis can be done with conventional analytic and rapid methods. Infections can be controlled with prevention and treatment.
Infeksi Jamur Oportunistik Pneumocystis jirovecii Tjampakasari, Conny Riana
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45, No 12 (2018): Farmakologi
Publisher : PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (149.48 KB) | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i12.552

Abstract

Pneumocystis jirovecii (P. jirovecii) sebelumnya dikenal sebagai Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. hominis diketahui sebagai penyebab infeksi oportunistik saluran pernapasan bawah pada individu dengan sistem kekebalan tubuh lemah, terutama penderita infeksi HIV. PjP terdistribusi di seluruh dunia dan dapat menyerang berbagai usia. P. jirovecii mempunyai beberapa faktor virulensi antara lain major surface glycoprotein (MSG), DHPS (dihidropteroat sintase) dan mtLSU (mitochondrial large subunit). Diagnosis PjP mengandalkan pemeriksaan mikroskopis dari berbagai spesimen saluran pernapasan. Metode lain adalah diagnosis molekular untuk deteksi dan karakterisasi DNA. Pengobatan lini pertama dengan kombinasi trimethoprim-sulfametoksazol (TMP-SMX). Beberapa negara termasuk Indonesia telah melaporkan beberapa genotipe resisten terhadap beberapa antibiotik. Penyebab resistensi dapat oleh pemakaian jangka panjang atau kesalahan deteksi karena seringkali gejala tidak khas.Pneumocystis jirovecii (P. jirovecii) previously known as Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. hominis are known to be the cause of opportunistic lower respiratory tract infections in individuals with decreased immunity, especially HIV infection. PjP is distributed throughout the world and can attack various ages. P. jirovecii has several virulence factors including major surface glycoprotein (MSG), DHPS (dihydropteroate synthase) and mtLSU (mitochondrial large subunit). Diagnosis of PjP relied on microscopic examination of various respiratory specimens. Another method is molecular diagnosis for detecting and characterizing DNA. The first-line treatment use trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX). Some countries including Indonesia have reported resistance to some antibiotics. It can be caused by long-term use or diagnostic error because of atypical symptoms. 
Diagnosis, patogenesitas dan pemeriksaan Campylobacter jejuni Conny Riana Tjampakasari; Siti Kusmaryeni
EKOTONIA: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi, Botani, Zoologi, dan Mikrobiologi Vol 6 No 1 (2021): Ekotonia: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi, Botani, Zoologi dan Mikrobiologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Fisheries and Biology, University of Bangka Belitung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (502.943 KB) | DOI: 10.33019/ekotonia.v6i1.2570

Abstract

Campylobacterosis is an infection disease caused by bacteria from Campylobacter genus, especially Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) species. This Gram-negative bacteria has very mall size, rod-shaped, thin and some are spiral shaped. C. jejuni does not have spore, catalase positive, nitrat reductor, and highly motile with flagella located at one or two ends of its body. It’s growth is microaerophilic, grow optimally with low oxygen levels. In the growth media, all Campylobacter sp grew well at pH 5.5-8.0. Colonies appear round, smooth and convex. Campylobacteriosis is zoonotic, which mean it can be transmitted from animals to humans. Bacteria that enter the human body produce a toxin, Cytolethal Distending Toxin (CDT), which is one of the pathogenic factors. Clinical manifestations caused diarrhea, sometimes to bloody, abdominal pain, fever, nausea and vomiting. In humans and animals, most cases are asymptomatic. Laboratory tests to support a definite diagnosis of infection by Campylobacteriosis are necessary. Based on this, the purpose of writing this article is to link the diagnosis and pathogenesis of Campylobacteriosis with microbiological examination. Microbiological examinations that can be done are microscopic, culture and non-culture. Currently, non-culture techniques being developed include Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Epidemiological typing system and serology.
Bakteri Anaerob Clostridium botulinum dan Toksin yang Dihasilkannya Conny Riana Tjampakasari; Rifdah Hanifah
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 49, No 5 (2022): Jantung dan Saraf
Publisher : PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v49i5.1849

Abstract

C. botulinum adalah salah satu bakteri paling patogen karena dapat menghasilkan botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) yang mematikan. Terdapat 3 jenis botulisme, yaitu botulisme keracunan makanan, botulisme inhalasi, dan botulisme luka. Meskipun kejadian botulisme jarang, namun harus diwaspadai karena cukup fatal. Sebagian besar kasus botulisme pada manusia disebabkan oleh makanan kaleng yang dipersiapkan di rumah. Isolasi dan identifikasi C. botulinum dapat dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan pewarnaan Gram, kultur, dan identifikasi, sedangkan deteksi toksin dapat menggunakan metode mouse lethality assay, non-lethal mouseassay, dan metode imunologi. Pendekatan molekuler dilakukan melalui uji polymerase chain reaction (PCR) untuk deteksi jenis toksin. Pencegahan botulisme dilakukan dengan teknik penanganan makanan yang tepat. Pemanasan yang memadai dapat membunuh spora bakteri, selain itu segera mengonsumsi makanan yang telah dimasak dapat mencegah C. botulinum bertumbuh. C. botulinum is one of the most pathogenic bacteria because it can produce deadly botulinum neutotoxin (BoNT). There are 3 types of botulism: botulism poisoning, inhalation botulism, and wound botulism. Although the incidence of botulism is rare, the impact is quite fatal. Most cases of botulism in human are caused by canned food prepared at home. Isolation and identification of C. botulinum can be done by Gram staining, culture, and identification, while the detection of toxins can use the mouse lethality assay, non-lethal mouse assay, and immunological methods. Molecular approach can be done through polymerase chain reaction(PCR) examination to detect the toxin type. Prevention can be applied with proper food handling techniques. Adequate heating can kill bacterial spores, and direct consumption can prevent proliferation of C. botulinum.
The Urgency of Identification of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Produced Bacteria in Indonesia Rida Tiffarent; Conny Riana Tjampakasari; Fathia Ramadhani; Herjuno Ari Nugroho; Syaiful Rizal; Nina Herlina; Nova Dilla Yanthi; Sugiyono Saputra
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 32, No 4 (2022): December 2022 (In Press)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v32i4.3043

Abstract

The Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) produced bacterias are the bacteria group that have resistant characteristic to beta-lactam antibiotics because of their ability to hydrolyze these antibiotics. This is a global health issue because they can reduce the treatment effectiveness and endanger human health. The ESBL produced bacterias were reported that they can be isolated from samples originated from animals, humans, and environment, indicating the potency of the resistant genes spreading widely. Therefore, it is necessary to take the preventive and control measures across sectors and stakeholders to limit the widespread transmission of resistant genes carried-bacteria, so the ESBL produced bacteria prevalence can be monitored. This article aims to present the studies of ESBL produced bacteria in Indonesia and the comparison with another country based on published journals and data. Even though these bacterias were identified in various samples, the reports from animals (wild and domestic) and the environment are still available in small numbers in Indonesia. The comprehensive studies from various fields (one health spectrum) in detection and surveillance are needed to support the awareness of antimicrobial resistance. Surveillance can be conducted thorough microbial approach such as culture and identification, and molecular methods. The surveillance data can be used as the source for planning and controlling program of antimicrobial resistance especially ESBL produced bacterias in Indonesia.
Infeksi Jamur Oportunistik Pneumocystis jirovecii Conny Riana Tjampakasari
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 12 (2018): Interna
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i12.684

Abstract

Pneumocystis jirovecii (P. jirovecii) sebelumnya dikenal sebagai Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. Hominis, yang diketahui sebagai penyebab infeksi oportunistik saluran pernapasan bawah pada individu dengan sistem kekebalan tubuh lemah, terutama penderita infeksi HIV. PjP terdistribusi di seluruh dunia dan dapat menyerang berbagai usia. P. jirovecii mempunyai beberapa faktor virulensi antara lain major surface glycoprotein (MSG), DHPS (dihidropteroat sintase), dan mtLSU (mitochondrial large subunit). Diagnosis PjP mengandalkan pemeriksaan mikroskopis dari berbagai spesimen saluran pernapasan. Metode lain adalah diagnosis molekuler untuk deteksi dan karakterisasi DNA. Pengobatan lini pertama dengan kombinasi trimetoprim-sulfametoksazol (TMP-SMX). Beberapa negara termasuk Indonesia telah melaporkan beberapa genotip resisten terhadap beberapa antibiotik. Penyebab resistensi antibiotik dapat disebabkan oleh pemakaian jangka panjang atau kesalahan deteksi karena seringkali gejalanya tidak khas. Pneumocystis jirovecii (P. jirovecii) previously known as Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. hominis are known to be the cause of opportunistic lower respiratory tract infections in individuals with decreased immunity, especially HIV infection. PjP is distributed throughout the world and can attack various ages. P. jirovecii has several virulence factors including major surface glycoprotein (MSG), DHPS (dihydropteroate synthase), and mtLSU (mitochondrial large subunit). Diagnosis of PjP relied on microscopic examination of various respiratory specimens. Another method is molecular diagnosis for detecting and characterizing DNA. The first-line treatment use trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX). Some countries including Indonesia have reported resistance to some antibiotics. It can be caused by long-term use or diagnostic error because of atypical symptoms.
QUALITY OF AIR BACTERIA IN OPERATING THEATER IN SOME HOSPITALS IN JAKARTA AND SURROUNDINGS AREAS IN 2018-2019 CONNY RIANA TJAMPAKASARI; NABILA NAURA; TJAHJANI MIRAWATI SUDIRO
Microbiology Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (828.971 KB) | DOI: 10.5454/mi.14.4.3

Abstract

Nosocomial infection is an infection obtained by a patient or hospital staff while in hospital. This infectionplays a role in causing morbidity and mortality in hospitals and can occur in various hospitals rooms, includingoperating theaters. Nosocomial infections can occur due to various factors, one of which is contamination fromairborne bacteria. In some countries, regulations are set to limit the concentration of airborne bacteria, both in theoperating theaters and other rooms in hospitals, hence the need for monitoring and supervision of air quality asareflection on the cleanliness conditions in hospitals. Based on this, it is necessary to know the bacteriological airquality in the operating theaters in several hospitals in Jakarta and surrounding areas as one of the steps to preventnosocomial infections. The method uses an air sampler with the principle of impaction. Air sampler works byseparating the particles from the air by utilizing the inertia of the particles to force the bacteria to settle to thesurface of the medium. A total of 217 examinations in the operating theaters were carried out in 17 hospitals inJakarta and surrounding areas during January 2018 to June 2019. The majority of the operating theaters inhospitals in Jakarta and surrounding areas have air quality that met appropriate quality standards. In 2018, 120 of137 (87.59%) examination in the operating theaters met the quality standar. Meanwhile in 2019, 70 of 80(87.50%) operating theaters met the standard determined by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. Key words: air sampler method, operating theater, quality of air bacteria
The qPCR Assay for Detecting The Presence and Relative Abundance of Pseudomonas aerugionosa and Antibiotic Resistance Gene aadA2 in Hospital Wastewater of National Reference Hospital Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) Rida Tiffarent; Rosdiana Irawati; Conny Riana Tjampakasari; Fithriyah Sjatha; Windi Muziasari; Anis Karuniawati
Microbiology Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022): December
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (117.977 KB) | DOI: 10.5454/mi.16.2.24-30

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the top 10 global health threats. The hospital wastewater (HWW) potentially becomes the reservoir and dissemination of antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) and bacterial pathogens. In Indonesia, the protocol to monitor the ARGs form HWW has not been established. This study aimed to detect the presence and find the relative abundance of P. aeruginosa and aadA2 genes from Dr. RSUPN. Cipto Mangungkusumo (RSCM) inlet and outlet wastewater through qPCR assay. The primers used were supported by Resistomap. The study revealed that the qPCR assay was able to detect the Ct value of P. aeruginosa and aadA2. The aadA2 gene was found in all waste water samples, meanwhile P. aeruginosa was only found in some of inlet samples. aadA2 had the highest relative abundance and this gene’s mobility uses plasmids and integrons that potentially enhance the acquired antimicrobial resistance (AMR) mechanism. This study implicated that qPCR assay was capable to detect pathogenic bacteria and ARG, and ARG could be released to the environment even though the wastewater samples have been proceeded in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The qPCR assay can be used as the method to monitor the AMR status in a hospital and the spreading potency to the environment using the HWW.
Co-Authors Abas, Ghina Mutiara Adiyaksa, Jongga Alfia Chairunnisa Andi Yasmon Anis Karuniawati Ariyani Kiranasari Ariyani Kiranasari Arleni Bustami Baswara, R. Muh. Kevin Chrecentia Hanna Swestikaputri Cynthia Gozali Engel, Yulia Fathia Ramadhani Fatindhiya Mahira Hilmy Febrianti, Tati Hanayurianingtyas, Deajeng Laras Hanifah, Nadyatul Herjuno Ari Nugroho Ichwan Baihaki Kiranasari, Aryani NABILA NAURA Nina Herlina Nova Dilla Yanthi Paramita, Rafika Indah Pratama, Vanessa Maritza Putri, Mariza Nabila Raden Mohamad Herdian Bhakti Regita Aulia Rosalina Riani Agustini Rida Tiffarent Rida Tiffarent Rifdah Hanifah Rosa, Yulia Rosdiana Irawati Shoffiana Noor Siti Kusmaryeni SJATHA, FITHRIYAH Stevina, Lany Sudarmo, Fitrahwati Sugiyono . Syaiful Rizal Tjahjani Mirawati Sudiro Windi Muziasari