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Physical and Optical Behavior of Turmeric in Aqueous Media: A Literature Review Said, Sukmawati
Pinisi: Physics Journal Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Pinisi: Physics Journal
Publisher : Physics Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35580/ppj.v1i2.10747

The phenomenon of mixing turmeric in water is widely used as a simple science experiment to introduce basic concepts of physics and chemistry. However, the physical behavior of curcumin—the primary pigment in turmeric—is complex and influenced by various physical principles, including diffusion, optics, thermodynamics, and molecular dynamics. This literature review aims to synthesize and analyze scientific findings related to turmeric–water interactions from the perspective of fundamental physics. By reviewing national and international research articles, this study identifies the diffusion mechanism of curcumin as described by Fick’s Law, its optical properties responsible for light absorption and color appearance, and the physical factors—such as temperature, pH, and light exposure—that affect curcumin stability in aqueous media. Additionally, the review highlights the roles of Brownian motion and solute–solvent molecular interactions in explaining the microscopic behavior of curcumin particles. The findings indicate that the “turmeric in water” phenomenon is not merely a simple mixing process but involves complex physical dynamics suitable for use as phenomenon-based learning material in science education. This study provides a strong theoretical foundation for the development of educational experiments and opens avenues for future research on the physical characteristics of natural pigments.

Study of the Relationship between Radiocarbon Dating (¹⁴C Isotope) and Dendrochronology: Applications of Nuclear Physics in Archaeology Sari, Insira Nayla; Putri, A. Surtika; Lidasti, Atiqah; W, Theresia Lasri Da Costa; Yulia, Reski; Nurhayati, Nurhayati; Resky Irfanita
Pinisi: Physics Journal Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Pinisi: Physics Journal
Publisher : Physics Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35580/ppj.v1i2.10761

This article presents the results of an in-depth literature review on radiocarbon dating, tracing its development from the earliest stages. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of carbon-14 (¹⁴C) in determining the age of materials and on how dendrochronological calibration can enhance accuracy. The discussion also focuses on the decay of carbon-14 isotopes and their half-life, the methods and principles underlying radiocarbon dating, dendrochronological calibration, and other applications of radiocarbon dating in age determination. In conclusion, the article highlights the significant contributions of radiocarbon dating and dendrochronology in addressing critical challenges in archaeological research, thereby enabling scholars to gain a deeper understanding of natural history and human culture.

APLIKASI FISIKA NUKLIR PADA POSITRON EMISSION TOPOGRAPHY DALAM DIAGNOSIS MEDIS Rezki, Nazhifah; Ulfayani, Adilah; Ramadhani, Aisyah; Syam, Muthmainnah; Fadhillah, Izzatul; Nurhayati, Nurhayati; Ansar, Asnaeni
Pinisi: Physics Journal Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Pinisi: Physics Journal
Publisher : Physics Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35580/ppj.v1i2.10791

Nuclear physics is the study of atomic nuclei and the particles and phenomena associated with them. It plays a vital role in technology, particularly in the medical field. One medical device that applies the principles of nuclear physics is Positron Emission Tomography (PET), an imaging technology used effectively for diagnosing various diseases. The purpose of this article is to examine the use of nuclear physics in PET for medical diagnosis, including a review of the nuclear-physics mechanisms behind PET itself. This article highlights the importance of a thorough understanding of nuclear physics in medical diagnostics.

Material Pelindung Radiasi Ramah Lingkungan: Tinjauan Komprehensif Material Alternatif Pengganti Timbal untuk Aplikasi Proteksi Radiasi Nurhasmi, Nurhasmi
Pinisi: Physics Journal Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Pinisi: Physics Journal
Publisher : Physics Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35580/ppj.v1i2.10794

The use of lead-based radiation shielding materials continues to face increasing rejection due to their toxicity, substantial weight, and incompatibility with sustainability principles. Recent research has driven the development of safer and lighter alternative materials that provide radiation attenuation effectiveness comparable to, or even surpassing, that of lead. This review article summarizes advancements in geopolymers, environmentally friendly heavy concrete, and polymer composites enriched with heavy metals as lead-free radiation shielding materials. Lattice vibration interactions, particularly optical phonons, are also discussed due to their growing relevance in enhancing photon-energy absorption in polymer composites. This review is intended to provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, underlying mechanisms, and the implementation potential of next-generation alternative radiation shielding materials

Pemanfaatan Radioisotop dalam Diagnosis Medis: Tinjauan Fisika Inti terhadap Akurasi dan Efektivitas Diagnostik Medis Sri Wahyuni; Miftahul Jannah
Pinisi: Physics Journal Vol 2 No 1 (2026): Pinisi: Physics Journal
Publisher : Physics Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35580/ppj.v2i1.12552

Nuclear physics has contributed significantly to modern medicine, particularly through the use of radioisotopes in medical diagnosis. Radioisotopes such as Tc-99m, F-18, I-131, and Ga-68 are widely applied in imaging modalities including Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET), enabling non-invasive visualization of physiological processes at the molecular level. This literature review examines the physical principles underlying radioisotope production and decay, their pharmacokinetics in the human body, as well as the accuracy and clinical effectiveness of radioisotope-based diagnostic techniques. Analysis of 17 selected journal articles indicates that PET imaging using F-18-FDG achieves diagnostic sensitivity and specificity exceeding 90% for oncological applications, while Tc-99m SPECT demonstrates high reliability for cardiac and neurological assessments. However, key challenges remain including radiation exposure management, cost of cyclotron-produced radioisotopes, and limited generator availability in developing countries. The review concludes that continued advances in detector technology, radiopharmaceutical design, and image reconstruction algorithms are critical to improving the diagnostic accuracy and expanding access to nuclear medicine.

Analisis Fisika Inti Pada Teknik Radioterapi untuk Pengobatan Tumor Rahmatiah; Dzahratis Syita; Selvi
Pinisi: Physics Journal Vol 2 No 1 (2026): Pinisi: Physics Journal
Publisher : Physics Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35580/ppj.v2i1.12595

Radiotherapy is one of the main modalities in tumor treatment that utilizes the principles of nuclear physics. This article aims to review and analyze the application of nuclear physics in radiotherapy techniques for tumor treatment, focusing on the identification of radioactive isotopes used, the type of radiation emitted, and the mechanism of radiation interaction with tumor tissue. The method used is a literature review of various relevant scientific articles. The results show that external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) uses a Cobalt-60 (Co-60) source that emits gamma rays with energies of 1.17 MeV and 1.33 MeV, while brachytherapy uses isotopes such as Iridium-192 (Ir-192) with an average gamma emission of 380 keV and Iodine-125 (I-125) with gamma emissions of 27–35 keV. All three isotopes are produced through neutron activation in nuclear reactors. The generated radiation works by breaking the DNA chains of tumor cells, preventing their replication. Modern techniques such as IMRT, 3DCRT, and IGRT allow high precision in dose delivery, minimizing damage to healthy tissue surrounding the tumor. It is concluded that a deep understanding of nuclear physics is crucial in the effective and safe application of radiotherapy.

Weather Prediction in Indonesia: A Review of Models, Accuracy, Influencing Variables, and Climate Suitability Muhammad Arief Fitrah Istiyanto Aslim; Nasrul Ihsan; Muhammad Arsyad
Pinisi: Physics Journal Vol 2 No 1 (2026): Pinisi: Physics Journal
Publisher : Physics Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35580/ppj.v2i1.12664

Indonesia’s complex tropical climate, diverse topography, and strong influence from large-scale climate variability such as ENSO and MJO pose persistent challenges for accurate weather prediction. This study reviews recent developments in weather forecasting research in Indonesia, focusing on model approaches, predictor variables, and performance across different climatic regions. The literature shows a clear transition from conventional statistical methods, such as ARIMA and regression models, toward machine learning, deep learning, hybrid, and ensemble frameworks. Deep learning models (e.g., LSTM, Bi-LSTM, and CNN) generally achieve higher accuracy when sufficient quality data are available, while hybrid and ensemble methods improve robustness under heterogeneous climatic and data conditions. Key predictors include rainfall, temperature, humidity, wind variables, atmospheric pressure, satellite-based products, and climate indices such as Niño3.4 and the Dipole Mode Index. Performance is strongly influenced by regional climate characteristics, data availability, and model configuration. Despite these advances, major limitations remain, including uneven observational coverage, challenges in extreme weather prediction, sensitivity to sparse and noisy data, high computational demands, and limited operational deployment. These findings highlight the need for adaptive, computationally efficient forecasting frameworks and stronger integration between data infrastructure and real-time operational systems.

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Various Filtration Media in Clean Water Treatment: A Literature Review Ni Wayan Mega Savira Utami
Pinisi: Physics Journal Vol 2 No 1 (2026): Pinisi: Physics Journal
Publisher : Physics Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35580/ppj.v2i1.12698

Clean water treatment technology continues to develop in response to increasing water pollution problems caused by turbidity, organic pollutants, microorganisms, and dissolved contaminants. One of the most widely applied treatment methods is filtration using various media such as silica sand, activated carbon, zeolite, and biosand filters. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of several filtration media in improving water quality based on previous research findings. The method used was a literature review with a descriptive analysis approach, examining ten scientific articles from national and international journals published between 2018 and 2025. The results indicate that silica sand is effective in reducing turbidity and suspended particles, activated carbon demonstrates strong adsorption capability for odor, color, and organic compounds, while zeolite effectively reduces heavy metals and ammonia through ion exchange mechanisms. Biosand filters show good performance in reducing microorganisms in household-scale water treatment. Furthermore, combinations of filtration media provide higher effectiveness than single media by simultaneously optimizing physical, chemical, and biological filtration processes. Therefore, selecting appropriate filtration media combinations is important to improve clean water treatment efficiency.

Effect of Cavity-Based Surface Geometry on Electromagnetic Wave Absorption in Radar Absorbing Materials: A Review Nurhasmi
Pinisi: Physics Journal Vol 2 No 1 (2026): Pinisi: Physics Journal
Publisher : Physics Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35580/ppj.v2i1.12700

Radar Absorbing Materials (RAM) are critical components in stealth technology and Radar Cross Section (RCS) reduction. This review examines the effect of cavity-based surface geometry on electromagnetic wave absorption performance across the radar frequency range (1–40 GHz). The blackbody radiation analogy is adopted as a conceptual framework explaining how surface cavities trap electromagnetic waves via multiple reflections. Absorption performance is quantified using the reflection loss (RL) model derived from transmission line theory. The review covers hollow pyramidal absorbers (HPA), honeycomb microwave absorbers (HMA), honeycomb–hollow pyramid metastructures (HPS), corrugated structures, and gradient 3D-printed designs. The HPS achieves RL below −15 dB across 8–18 GHz at 5 mm thickness, while corrugated structures achieve −19.5 dB with 2.31–18 GHz bandwidth. Carbon-based wall materials (graphene, MXene, CNT) and magnetic materials (ferrite, hexaferrite) provide complementary permittivity and permeability values essential for impedance matching. However, studies independently isolating the cavity geometry contribution from material composition remain scarce. This review provides a systematic foundation for experimental research on cavity geometric parameters.

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Husain

Contact Email
husain.physics@unm.ac.id

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Journal Mail Official
ppj@unm.ac.id

Editorial Address
Jl. Mallengkeri Raya, Parang Tambung, Kec. Tamalate, Kota Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan 90221

Location
Kota makassar,

Sulawesi selatan

INDONESIA

Abstract

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Abstract

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Husain

Contact Email husain.physics@unm.ac.id

Phone -

Journal Mail Official ppj@unm.ac.id

Editorial Address Jl. Mallengkeri Raya, Parang Tambung, Kec. Tamalate, Kota Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan 90221

Location Kota makassar, Sulawesi selatan INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Husain

Contact Email
husain.physics@unm.ac.id

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
ppj@unm.ac.id

Editorial Address
Jl. Mallengkeri Raya, Parang Tambung, Kec. Tamalate, Kota Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan 90221

Location
Kota makassar,

Sulawesi selatan

INDONESIA