Articles
10 Documents
Search results for
, issue
"Vol 22, No 2 (2022): TRAKSI"
:
10 Documents
clear
<![CDATA[DRUM BRAKE CALCULATION ON HONDA TIGER REVO 200 CC ]]>
<![CDATA[Bogie Reza Saputra]]>;
<![CDATA[Kardiman .]]>;
<![CDATA[Najmudin Fauji]]>
<![CDATA[ TRAKSI Vol 22, No 2 (2022): TRAKSI ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.26714/traksi.22.2.2022.234-248
<![CDATA[The brake system is one of the components of the engine elements on the vehicle that can support the comfort and safety factor in driving. Brakes function to slow down or stop the movement of the wheels by means of friction. The kinetic energy lost from a moving object is usually converted into heat due to friction. The purpose of this report is to find out the functions, working principles and calculations as well as to know the things that must be considered in planning the drum brake. The method used to make this report is from direct observation of the object, literature study and guidance from the supervisor. From the drum brake specifications that have been described, we can find out the calculation steps needed to find the normal force on the rear wheels, the permissible frictional force, and the maximum use of the brakes. After several calculation steps, the torque on the brakes is 41.82kg.m, the gripping force on the drum brakes is 30.1 kg, the frictional force on the drum brakes is 14.45 kg, the braking capacity of the drum brakes is 2.023 kg. m, the number of braking contacts is 16856contacts. In one month it is assumed that 2500 times the braking contact will be obtained, so that the life of the drum brake pads is 6 months. The canvas can last longer or it can run out quickly depending on the user's usage and further research is needed if you want to get more accurate results because the different types of material and the difference in braking time will affect the lifespan of the brake pads.]]>
<![CDATA[DETERMINING COMPRESSION AND FUEL RATIOS FOR A MODIFIED 4-STROKE ENGINE ]]>
<![CDATA[Hedyan Restu Pratama]]>
<![CDATA[ TRAKSI Vol 22, No 2 (2022): TRAKSI ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.26714/traksi.22.2.2022.294-306
<![CDATA[Motorcycles are one of the simple motorized vehicle transportation tools that are widely used by people today. The formulation of the problem in this research is what is the result of the compression ratio value that is obtained after the research and what is the compression value according to the machine. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of the compression ratio on a modified engine and to determine the fuel used in the compression ratio. The method used in this study is a literature study, calculating and determining the amount of compression. The results obtained from the calculation to get the compression ratio from 8.7 : 1 to 10.7 : 1 then the cutting height of the cylinder is 1.33mm, and To get the compression ratio from 10.7 : 1 to 11.3 : 1, then the cutting height cylinder is 0.31 mm. From the calculation of the Compression Ratio 1, 2, and 3, to achieve the final Compression Ratio value of 11.3: 1, a total block cutting of 1.64 mm is needed. And based on table B data, it can be seen that the compression ratio value of 11-12: 1 is using Pertamax Turbo or you can also use Shell V-Power and Performance 95. Therefore, it can be concluded that a 4-stroke motorcycle engine with a compression ratio of 11.3: 1 can use fuel with an octane rating of 95 with the type of fuel Pertamax Turbo, Shell V-Power, or Performace 95. With this compression ratio value, if you look at the ideal fuel table according to the compression ratio value, the octane value of the fuel increases to 95, and the fuel used is Pertamax Turbo, Shell V- Power, or Performance 95. The compression ratio value of 11.3 : 1 will be more in accordance with the specifications of the engine and also the needs of the user because the compression ratio value is not too high and not too low. Therefore this modified 4-stroke engine can be used for daily and long-distance purposes.]]>
<![CDATA[ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF HOLE GEOMETRY ON THE CATALYST ON EXHAUST GAS EMISSIONS IN MOTORCYCLE EXHAUST ]]>
<![CDATA[Bintara Adi Putra]]>;
<![CDATA[Oleh .]]>;
<![CDATA[Farradina Choria Suci]]>
<![CDATA[ TRAKSI Vol 22, No 2 (2022): TRAKSI ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.26714/traksi.22.2.2022.249-272
<![CDATA[The increasing number of motorized vehicles has a direct impact on air pollution caused by vehicle exhaust gases. A catalytic converter is a tool used to reduce exhaust emissions by reducing exhaust emissions. The catalyst is the main component in the catalytic converter which functions as a reducing agent. In this study, the material used as a catalyst is brass. This study aims to determine the effect of the geometry of the catalyst on the distribution of pressure, temperature, and velocity and to determine the exhaust gas emissions that come out of the combustion chamber into the environment after adding a catalyst, as well as to compare the results of testing exhaust emissions on a standard exhaust with an exhaust that has added a catalyst. The method used in this study is the simulation method using Solidwork 2019 software and experimental testing using agass analyzer. From experimental testing, the most optimal catalyst geometry will be sought to reduce exhaust gas emission levels such as CO, HC, and CO2 levels. The result of the largest pressure distribution occurs in the geometry of list IV and the smallest average pressure occurs in the standard exhaust The largest temperature distribution occurs in the geometry of the catalyst III standard exhaust. The largest average velocity distribution occurs in the standard exhaust and the smallest on the catalyst geometry IV. The results of the experimental test the most optimal percentage reduction in exhaust emissions occurred in the geometry of the alist IV which was compared with the results of the standard exhaust test with results of CO 15.153%, HC 19.713%, and CO2 9.275%.]]>
<![CDATA[PROPELLER SHAFT REDESIGN ON GRAN MAX 1.3 PICK UP VEHICLES ]]>
<![CDATA[Army Ardiyanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Kardiman -]]>;
<![CDATA[Iman Dirja]]>
<![CDATA[ TRAKSI Vol 22, No 2 (2022): TRAKSI ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.26714/traksi.22.2.2022.175-191
<![CDATA[The car component that will be discussed is a Propeller Shaft. The Propeller Shaft that will be discussed is the Propeller Shaft for the Daihatsu Gran Max 1.3 Pick Up. The task of this machine element 1 aims to determine safe and good axle planning. The material used to design the shaft is carbon steel for machine construction of cold finished steel rods for the shaft with the symbol S55C with a tensile strength of 66 kg/mm2. The results of the shaft planning calculations show that the design power is 51, 744 kW, the torsional moment is 8399,775 kg.mm, the allowable stress is 5.5 kg/mm2 . The shear stress that occurs is 0.22269201 kg/mm2 , from the calculation results it can be seen that the shear stress that occurs is smaller than the allowable stress, so it can be concluded that the planned shaft size is quite safe.]]>
<![CDATA[CALCULATION OF CARBON EMISSIONS AND CAP AND TRADE/TAX SCHEMES AT CO-FIRING COAL POWER PLANTS ]]>
<![CDATA[Agus Noor Sidiq]]>
<![CDATA[ TRAKSI Vol 22, No 2 (2022): TRAKSI ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.26714/traksi.22.2.2022.273-293
<![CDATA[The Implementation of co-firing on coal-fired power plants in Indonesia can reduce Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions that affect climate change. This reduction in Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions has the potential to avoid the carbon tax imposed on carbon-producing industries that exceed the upper limit of carbon emissions. The difference between the Carbon Emission Factor (????????????????2 ) in tons of CO2 e/MWh against the assigned Carbon Cap means the Carbon Economic Value (CEV) owned. CEV can be positive or negative depending on the difference between the results of the Carbon Cap. The opportunity for CEV to be traded depends on the amount of CEV that can be obtained from the co-firing. From this research, it was found that to get a good CEV, the minimum co-firing percentage is 7%. From the calculation results, the lowest value of ????????????????2 (????????????????) that can be achieved in the calculations in this paper is 0.993 tons/MWh at the co-firing percentage of 7%, while the maximum value of ????????????????2 (????????????) was 1.079 tons/MWh at 7% co-firing percentage. From this study, it was also found that the greater the percentage of co-firing used, the lower the value of ????????????????2 (????????????????) while the value of ????????????????2 (????????????) is getting bigger.]]>
<![CDATA[NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF THE NUMBER OF TURBINE BLADES ON WIND TURBINE CHARACTERISTICS AXIS HORIZONTAL NACA 4412 ]]>
<![CDATA[Januar Ibrahim]]>
<![CDATA[ TRAKSI Vol 22, No 2 (2022): TRAKSI ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.26714/traksi.22.2.2022.132-148
<![CDATA[The wind turbine is a device that can convert the kinetic energy in the wind into electrical energy. Wind turbine efficiency and performance depend on the design and angular shape of the wind turbine itself. The wind turbine used for analysis is a horizontal-axis wind turbine. This wind turbine performance analysis uses the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation method so that it can reduce the time and cost required. Aerodynamic simulations on airfoils used at the wind turbine angle are carried out to determine the aerodynamic characteristics of the airfoils used. Airfoil NACA 4412 is used as the basic form of the corner wind turbine. In conducting this research, computational simulation experiments on the design of the Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine NACA 4412 wind turbine by varying the number of turbine blades, 2 blades, 3 blades, and 4 blades and to find out which variant produces a greater torque and efficiency. Based on the simulation results, the 2-blade turbine gets the highest torque at TSR 6, which is 3,167 N/m with an efficiency of 53.3%, the 3-blade turbine gets the highest torque at TSR 5, which is 3,334 N/m with an efficiency of 46, 8% then the variation with the number of 4 blade blades gets the highest torque and efficiency among other variations, at TSR 5, which is 4.201 N/m with an efficiency of 58.9%.]]>
<![CDATA[ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF FILLER WELDING ON ASTM A36 STEEL USING TIG WELDING AND SIMULATION WITH SOLIDWORK ]]>
<![CDATA[Andre Pradana]]>;
<![CDATA[Viktor Noubnome]]>;
<![CDATA[Oleh -]]>
<![CDATA[ TRAKSI Vol 22, No 2 (2022): TRAKSI ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.26714/traksi.22.2.2022.192-212
<![CDATA[Welding is a technique that is widely used, such as in steel construction, the use of welding techniques can also save production costs. The extent of the use of this welding technique is due to buildings and machines that use jointing techniques to be lighter and simpler in the manufacturing process. TIG depends on the base metal to be welded. The filler rod is made of a metal whose composition is superior to that of the base metal. Because in the welding process there are some metal elements that are reduced or their structural transformations have an impact on reducing the mechanical properties of the metal. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of filler on the microstructure of ASTM A36 steel welded joints and to determine the stress factor of safety on ASTM A36 steel using solid work software. The results obtained from the tensile testing process on the ER 70S -4 filler welding with an average strain of 2.2mm and a maximum tensile strength of 20.0 kg/mm2, and in the ER70S-6 filler welding the average tensile strain test results obtained 3 .1mm and an average maximum tensile strength of 28.1 kg/mm2. From the results of the Solidworks software simulation, it is known that the maximum tensile strength for specimens with filler ER 70S – 4 rods No. 1 is 21.71 Kg/mm2, rods No. 2 is 15.999 Kg/mm2, rods No. 3 is 22.12 Kg/mm2, for specimens with filler ER 70S – 6 rods No. 1 of 26.76 Kg/mm2, rods No. 2 of 36.63 Kg/mm2, rods No. 3 of 21.17 Kg/mm2 after calculating the error the maximum tensile strength test and simulation results obtained The biggest error value for ER 70S – 4 filler is 3.07% and for ER 70S – 6 filler is 2.97%. In this research, it can be found that ASTM A36 steel with ER 70S – 4 and ER 70S – 6 fillers is superior to using ER 70S – 6 filler from the higher tensile test results and the undoubted microstructure results in every part.]]>
<![CDATA[THERMAL ANALYSIS AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PYROLYSIS FUNCTION ]]>
<![CDATA[Richard Pardomuan Sinaga]]>;
<![CDATA[I Gede Eka Lesmana]]>
<![CDATA[ TRAKSI Vol 22, No 2 (2022): TRAKSI ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.26714/traksi.22.2.2022.149-161
<![CDATA[Biomass-fueled pyrolysis furnace is one approach to utilizing biomass as an alternative fuel and reducing the accumulation of plastic waste, where the furnace works to heat the plastic pyrolysis reactor and the oil cycle heat exchanger simultaneously. Where plastic pyrolysis produces gas to be converted into liquid fuel, and the heat in the oil cycle is used as a reference for the ORC (organic Rankine cycle) heat source in future research. Because the furnace has just been manufactured and no experimental analysis has been carried out regarding the testing method for the output product, therefore the purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of the fuel use method on the volume, quality, and efficiency of pyrolysis oil, maximum oil cycle temperature, and furnace performance. In this study, the type of plastic used is PET (polyethylene terephthalate) from used mineral water bottles that have been chopped with an initial mass of 5.2 kg and poured into a 26 kg reactor which is expected to reach pyrolysis gas at a temperature of 335°C which is then cooled by fixed bed condenser with a cooling rate of 19 liters/minute. Meanwhile, in the oil cycle using SAE 20W-50 engine oil at 1.3 liters/minute, it is expected to reach oil at a temperature above 90°C. The test was carried out twice based on the method of using the fuel, where in the first experiment using coconut shell charcoal briquettes as the main fuel with a feed of 5.0 kg/hour and LPG as a burner every 20 minutes per briquette feed, while the fuel in the second experiment only use LPG. The first pyrolysis experiment obtained 645 ml of pyrolysis oil with a density of 797-869 kg/m3 and a pyrolysis efficiency of 16.125%, while the second experiment obtained 986 ml with a density of 894-928 kg/m3 and a pyrolysis efficiency of 24.65%. The maximum temperature reached by the oil cycle was 122°C in the first experiment and 95°C in the second experiment. And the performance of the furnace in the first experiment showed that the thermal efficiency of the furnace was 38.84% and 76.59% in the second experiment.]]>
<![CDATA[CALCULATION OF THE DRUM BRAKES ON THE REAR WHEELS OF THE CAR SUZUKI ERTIGA 2016 ]]>
<![CDATA[Aswatul Sahrul]]>;
<![CDATA[Kardiman -]]>;
<![CDATA[Aa Santosa]]>
<![CDATA[ TRAKSI Vol 22, No 2 (2022): TRAKSI ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.26714/traksi.22.2.2022.213-233
<![CDATA[The brake system is one of the engine component elements in a vehicle that can support the comfort and safety factor in driving. Brakes work to slow down or slow down the movement of the wheels by means of problems. Kinetic energy lost from a moving object is usually converted into heat due to an effect. The purpose of this report is to know the canvas life, function, working principle and efficient calculation. The method used to make reports from direct observations of objects, literature studies and guidance from supervisors. From the specifications of the drum brakes that have been described, we can find out the calculation steps needed to find the normal force on the rear wheel, the permissible frictional force on the asphalt, the life of the canvas with ceramic material, and the maximum spring force at the top and bottom. After several calculation steps, the normal force on the rear wheel will be 2270.50 N. The permissible frictional force on the asphalt is 681.10 N. The service life of the canvas with 100 days of braking for 1.40 seconds is 45 days. The maximum force of the upper spring is 24.99 N, and the maximum force of the lower spring is 166.62 N.]]>
<![CDATA[SIMULATION ANALYSIS OF ERGONOMIC DESIGN OF ELECTRIC MOTORBIKE FRAMES FOR RESIDENTIAL COMMUNITIES ]]>
<![CDATA[Dwiky Ibrahim Kiki]]>;
<![CDATA[Rizal Hanifi]]>
<![CDATA[ TRAKSI Vol 22, No 2 (2022): TRAKSI ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.26714/traksi.22.2.2022.162-174
<![CDATA[Electric motorbikes are an economical and environmentally friendly means of transportation but have limitations on cruising and speed. In its development began to be used motorcycles with gasoline fuel. On the one hand, it is able to overcome the limitations of cruising power and speed, but on the other hand, it causes air pollution. To overcome this comes the technology of electric motorbikes. This electric bike does not cause air pollution because there is no combustion that occurs, has only an alight drawback which is limited electrical power and the length of time for recharger. In motor vehicles, the frame is the most important part that will hold and as a seat of various components, and support a load of these components on the vehicle system. Calculation of skeletal strength is very important to ensure the frame is able to withstand the load. Calculation of frame strength can be done manually (hand calculation) or by using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). on this frame, strength calculation using finite element analysis (FEA) with Solidworks software 2018. By using simulation can be known the value of von mises, displacement, and safety factors. from the results of the analysis of the smallest safety factor rider weight, 170 kg = 2.58. The results of the analysis of the construction of electric motorcycle frames carried out on static loading are safe because it is less than the minimum value of the safety factor of 1.25]]>
