AGRONES: JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE, AGRIBUSINESS WELFARE, TECHNOLOGI, HUMANITY, ENVIRONMENT, SOCIAL AND ECONOMY
FOKUS AND SCOPE AGRONES: Journal of Agriculture, Agribusiness, Welfare, Technology, Humanity, Environment, Social, and Economy is a multidisciplinary scientific journal that publishes high-quality research and studies across the interconnected fields of agriculture, agribusiness, community welfare, technology, human development, environmental sustainability, social sciences, and economic growth. This journal aims to serve as a platform for disseminating innovative research findings, critical analyses, and practical applications that contribute to building a sustainable, inclusive, and technology-driven agricultural and rural development sector. The scope of AGRONES includes, but is not limited to, the following areas: Agriculture and Agricultural Technology Precision agriculture, smart farming, and digital agriculture Mechanization and automation in farming systems Biotechnology and genetic innovation in crop production Post-harvest technology and agricultural product processing Innovations in sustainable farming practices Agribusiness, Economics, and Welfare Agribusiness management, entrepreneurship, and rural enterprise development Supply chain and value chain analysis in agricultural systems Agricultural policies, rural development, and community empowerment Marketing strategies, consumer behavior, and trade in agricultural products Socio-economic strategies for improving farmer welfare Humanity, Social, and Environmental Issues in Agriculture Climate change and its socio-economic impacts on agriculture Agroecology, environmental conservation, and biodiversity protection Soil and water management for sustainable production Waste reduction, recycling, and circular economy in agriculture Renewable energy applications in agricultural and rural communities Livelihoods, Social Development, and Inclusive Growth Community-based agricultural development Education and capacity building for farmers and rural youth Human welfare and equality in agricultural systems Social innovation and participatory development approaches AGRONES accepts original research articles, literature reviews, case studies, and technical reports that make significant contributions to the advancement of knowledge in these fields. All submitted manuscripts undergo a rigorous double-blind peer-review process to ensure their scientific quality, originality, and relevance. The journal adopts an open-access policy to enable global accessibility and the wide dissemination of research for sustainable agricultural and rural transformation.
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<![CDATA[Utilization of Oil Palm Waste as a Renewable Energy Source: A Current Literature Review ]]>
<![CDATA[Cecep Ijang Wahyudin]]>;
<![CDATA[La Oge]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Agriculture, Agribusiness, Welfare, Technology, Humanity, Environment, Social, and Economy Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): July 2025 Edition ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Unsultra ]]>
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DOI: 10.64690/agrones.v1i2.280
<![CDATA[The palm oil industry is one of Indonesia’s key plantation sectors, generating substantial amounts of both solid and liquid waste. This waste includes empty fruit bunches (EFB), shells, fibers, and palm oil mill effluent (POME). This literature review aims to examine the potential and recent technological advancements in utilizing oil palm waste as an environmentally friendly renewable energy source. A systematic literature review was conducted using journal articles, conference proceedings, and scientific reports published between 2018 and 2024. The findings indicate that oil palm waste can be converted into solid biomass (such as briquettes and pellets), biogas from POME, and raw materials for biodiesel and bioethanol. Technologies employed include anaerobic fermentation, pyrolysis, and gasification. Moreover, the utilization of this waste contributes to greenhouse gas emission reduction and enhances energy efficiency in plantation and processing facilities. However, technical and economic challenges remain major barriers to large-scale development. Collaboration among industry stakeholders, government, and academia is essential for the sustainable optimization of oil palm waste utilization. This study highlights that transforming waste into energy is a strategic step toward national energy resilience and sustainable development.]]>
<![CDATA[Study of Corn Silage Storage Management to Support Ruminant Livestock Nutrition ]]>
<![CDATA[Hajar Hajar]]>;
<![CDATA[La Panga]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Agriculture, Agribusiness, Welfare, Technology, Humanity, Environment, Social, and Economy Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): July 2025 Edition ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Unsultra ]]>
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DOI: 10.64690/agrones.v1i2.297
<![CDATA[Ruminant livestock productivity in Indonesia remains low, largely due to the lack of a consistently available supply of highly nutritious feed. Utilizing agricultural waste, such as corn, as a base material for silage is a potential solution to address feed constraints. Corn-based silage can provide consistent feed throughout the year and boasts a relatively high nutritional content. However, the main challenges with its use are long-term storage and stability against air exposure, which are crucial for feed quality and safety. Several studies have shown that extending storage time can improve digestibility, but can also increase the likelihood of silage quality degradation if storage methods are not optimal. Issues such as reduced nutritional value, the emergence of harmful microorganisms, and the risk of mycotoxin contamination are key concerns that must be addressed. Therefore, the objective of this study is to examine how storage time affects the nutritional quality of corn silage and to analyze the effectiveness of different storage methods in maintaining aerobic stability and preventing spoilage, particularly under complex tropical climate conditions. Corn silage quality is influenced by storage methods, fermentation time, and environmental temperature and humidity. Anaerobic storage using silos or airtight plastic with high compaction effectively maintains a low pH and prevents contamination. Optimal fermentation takes 60–90 days, while longer storage can degrade quality. Corn's high carbohydrate content supports good fermentation, making it a superior feed source during the dry season.]]>
<![CDATA[Technological Innovations in Cocoa Cultivation for Enhancing Productivity and Bean Quality ]]>
<![CDATA[Imran Imran]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Agriculture, Agribusiness, Welfare, Technology, Humanity, Environment, Social, and Economy Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): July 2025 Edition ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Unsultra ]]>
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DOI: 10.64690/agrones.v1i2.302
<![CDATA[Technological innovation in cocoa cultivation has become increasingly urgent in line with the growing global demand for high-quality cocoa products. This literature review aims to evaluate various modern agricultural technologies applied in cocoa cultivation and examine how these technologies contribute to improving yield and bean quality. The review covers innovations such as precision irrigation systems, sensor-based fertilization, the use of high-yield and disease-resistant varieties, agroforestry practices, and post-harvest technologies including controlled fermentation and mechanical drying. The methodology involved a systematic search of scientific articles, technical reports, and publications from agricultural institutions published between 2010 and 2025, using databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar, and the portals of IPB University and the Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development. Selection criteria were based on relevance, empirical impact, and methodological rigor. The findings identified five key domains of innovation: irrigation and water management, soil fertility and nutrient management, genetic improvement of varieties, agroforestry systems, and post-harvest technologies. Each innovation demonstrated significant improvements in yield (ranging from 20–50%) and bean quality (sensory attributes, fat content, product cleanliness). The integration of multiple technologies produced higher synergistic effects. Key challenges include slow adoption due to limited capital and farmers’ technical knowledge, as well as inadequate infrastructure. Recommendations include enhancing access to technology training, providing policy and financial support, and conducting further research on the application of digital and IoT-based technologies in cocoa cultivation. This study provides a foundation for understanding and developing sustainable cocoa cultivation strategies in the modern era.]]>
<![CDATA[Sustainable Agropreneurship Strategies through the Optimization of Palm Oil-Based Chocolate Bar Formulations ]]>
<![CDATA[Abdul Rizal]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Agriculture, Agribusiness, Welfare, Technology, Humanity, Environment, Social, and Economy Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): July 2025 Edition ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Unsultra ]]>
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DOI: 10.64690/agrones.v1i2.303
<![CDATA[The development of sustainable agropreneurship is a crucial strategy to enhance the added value of agricultural and plantation commodities, particularly in the cocoa and palm oil industries. One promising innovation is the formulation of palm oil-based chocolate bars, serving as an alternative or complement to cocoa butter. This literature review aims to analyze optimization strategies for chocolate bar formulations utilizing palm oil to support the sustainability of agropreneurial ventures. The research method employed is a comprehensive review of recent scholarly sources (2018–2024) addressing processing technology, physicochemical properties, consumer acceptance, as well as economic and environmental impacts. The findings indicate that the incorporation of palm oil in chocolate bar formulations has the potential to reduce production costs, improve product stability, and create new market opportunities. Moreover, integrating palm oil utilization with sustainability principles can reduce dependence on imported cocoa butter and increase the added value of domestic palm oil. Challenges include adjusting the formulation composition to preserve the distinctive chocolate flavor, complying with international quality standards, and addressing consumer perceptions regarding palm oil. This study recommends collaboration among farmers, industry stakeholders, researchers, and government bodies to promote innovation in products derived from local commodities. Therefore, optimizing palm oil-based chocolate bar formulations can serve as a sustainable agropreneurship strategy that synergizes economic, social, and environmental dimensions.]]>
<![CDATA[Energy Engineering Analysis of Agricultural Product Drying Systems: A Review of Thermal Efficiency and Energy Consumption ]]>
<![CDATA[Arjal Tando]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Agriculture, Agribusiness, Welfare, Technology, Humanity, Environment, Social, and Economy Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): July 2025 Edition ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Unsultra ]]>
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DOI: 10.64690/agrones.v1i2.446
<![CDATA[Drying is a crucial post-harvest process in agricultural product handling, aimed at reducing moisture content to a safe equilibrium level against microbial and enzymatic activity. Energy and thermal efficiency have become major issues in the development of modern drying systems oriented toward sustainability. This study aims to review various energy engineering approaches applied to agricultural drying systems, focusing on improving thermal efficiency and reducing energy consumption. Based on recent literature, renewable energy–based dryers such as solar dryers, solar–biomass hybrid systems, and heat pump technologies have demonstrated significant improvements in energy efficiency. The integration of digital technologies, including the Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI), also contributes to drying optimization through adaptive control systems. The review reveals that conventional dryers typically exhibit thermal efficiencies below 20%, whereas modern engineered systems can achieve 45–70%, depending on design and applied technology. Therefore, energy engineering innovations have great potential to enhance the efficiency and sustainability of agricultural drying systems while supporting national food security and energy efficiency goals.]]>
