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Journal of Sports and Physical Activity
Published by CV. SPDF HARMONY
ISSN : -     EISSN : 31095119     DOI : https://doi.org/10.64268
Core Subject : Education, Social,
Education Social Sciences
Journal of Sports and Physical Activity (e-ISSN: 3109-5119) welcomes article submissions from researchers, academics, and practitioners around the world, focusing on innovative approaches to coaching and teaching physical activity and sport across educational and performance settings, including student development in schools and athlete development in competitive sport, as well as advances in sports coaching methods, technology, and data analysis. The journal publishes original research articles and comprehensive review papers that contribute to the advancement of knowledge in sports coaching, physical education, and physical activity sciences. Priority is given to manuscripts that demonstrate strong scientific rigor, methodological clarity, and innovation, and that offer meaningful contributions to the global communities of sports educators, coaches, athletes, and policymakers. Journal of Sports and Physical Activity was first published in 2025 and is published twice in year. All published articles are written in standard English to ensure accessibility and broad dissemination among international readers.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Pendidikan
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Achilles tendinopathy prevention: An evidence-based approach Joshua Sargeant; Victor Romano
Journal of Sports and Physical Activity Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Sports and Physical Activity
Publisher : spdfharmony.com

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64268/jospa.v1i1.3

Abstract

Background: Achilles tendinopathy is a common musculoskeletal disorder causing pain and impaired tendon function, primarily affecting athletes and individuals engaged in repetitive activities like running and jumping. It progresses through stages of tendon health, disrepair, and degeneration, often leading to chronic overuse injuries. Aims: This study aims to identify evidence-based prevention and management strategies by analyzing intrinsic factors (e.g., flexibility, muscle strength, tendon stiffness) and extrinsic factors (e.g., training loads, footwear). It proposes an integrated prevention framework that combines biomechanical, physiological, and contextual risk factors to guide athletes, coaches, and healthcare professionals. Methods: A systematic review of 250 studies from PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Consensus AI resulted in the selection of 34 high-quality studies. The review focused on Achilles tendinopathy prevention and management strategies, particularly exercise interventions, load management, and biomechanical factors. Results: The findings highlight the importance of intrinsic and extrinsic factors in reducing tendinopathy risk. Key strategies include eccentric calf exercises, dynamic and static stretching, targeted strength training, optimized load management, and biomechanical interventions such as footwear modification. Unlike previous studies that examined these components separately, this research presents a comprehensive prevention framework. Conclusion: This study integrates multiple risk factors into a cohesive model for Achilles tendinopathy prevention. It emphasizes the necessity of a multidimensional approach over isolated interventions. Future research should focus on experimental validation and longitudinal studies to assess the long-term effectiveness of this framework across diverse populations.
Plyometric training: A Systematic review on volume and intensity in high-level volleyball Nelson Kautzner Marques Junior; Illoleicys Rodriguez Pinillo
Journal of Sports and Physical Activity Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Sports and Physical Activity
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64268/jospa.v1i1.4

Abstract

Background: Plyometric training was originally practiced in European athletics from 1919 to 1930. Plyometric training involves the athlete practicing several jumps. In 1964, plyometric training began to be practiced in other sports. In 1976 and 1977, plyometrics was used during the Italian championship. Aims: This systematic review was to determine the volume and intensity of the plyometric training for high-level volleyball. Methods: This study followed the PRISMA methodology. The articles were selected from January to July 2024, totaling 24 articles to ensure research quality. The printed articles and books were e-mailed to the author by his Italian colleague G. B. After collecting the scientific books and articles, the author wrote the results. Result: The systematic review identified an optimal training frequency of 2 to 3 weeks for male and female athletes. The recommended plyometric training for males consisted of 2–8 sets of 4–20 jumps, with rest intervals ranging from 15 seconds to 5 minutes and jump heights between 20–110 cm. For females, the suggested regimen included 2–7 sets of 5–15 jumps, with similar rest intervals and jump heights between 20–80 cm. In addition to plyometric training, both groups were advised to engage in bodybuilding exercises focused on developing maximum and explosive strength. The article also provided detailed recommendations on exercise types (e.g., horizontal jumps, tuck jumps, drop jumps, hurdle jumps) and appropriate training volume and intensity for plyometric workouts. Conclusion: Plyometric training is a very important strength training for the volleyball player because it improves several motor capacities.
Role modeling in physical education Colin Pennington
Journal of Sports and Physical Activity Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Sports and Physical Activity
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64268/jospa.v1i1.5

Abstract

Background: The role of Physical Education (PE) teachers as role models plays a crucial part in shaping students’ healthy lifestyles and positive character development. Various curriculum models such as the sport education model, personal and social responsibility model, and health-related fitness (HRF) model offer different approaches to achieving learning goals, but they do not fully address the holistic role of teachers as role models. Aims: This study aims to explore PE teachers’ perceptions of their role as holistic role models in fostering students’ physical, social, emotional, and moral development. Methods: This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach guided by the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR). Eight PE teachers from elementary and secondary schools were purposively selected. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Data validity was ensured through triangulation and member checking. Results: The findings indicate that teachers view role modeling as encompassing not only physical demonstration but also the embodiment of moral values, social responsibility, and emotional regulation. The HRF model was criticized for focusing too heavily on physical fitness, thus limiting opportunities for teaching social and moral values. Students’ perceptions of teachers as role models were also influenced by physical appearance factors such as age and body weight. Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of a holistic approach in physical education and the need for teacher training that integrates physical, emotional, and value-based competencies. Through thoughtful role modeling, PE can become a meaningful avenue for character development and the promotion of lifelong healthy behaviors.
Mental health challenges and interventions among collegiate athletes: A thematic literature review (2010–2025) Paola Joseph; Colin Pennington
Journal of Sports and Physical Activity Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Sports and Physical Activity
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64268/jospa.v1i2.6

Abstract

Background: Athlete' psychological well-being is fundamental to their success and resilience. Recognizing this critical link, understanding how to enhance mental health for improved sport performance is invaluable to the athletic community. Aims: This article aims to concisely examine the intricate relationship between athlete mental health and performance, synthesizing current information and strategies to optimize both. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted to identify, select, and analyze relevant studies on the impact of mental health on athletic performance across various sports. A thematic narrative synthesis summarized findings, informing practical recommendations. Results: Findings consistently show that elite and collegiate athletes face comparable or heightened risks of mental health disorders due to intense competition, public scrutiny, and career uncertainties. Conversely, strong team cohesion and social support significantly enhance athletes' mental well-being and performance. Practical strategies include ensuring access to specialized mental health professionals, integrating mindfulness and relaxation techniques (e.g., Progressive Muscle Relaxation), utilizing mental health checklists for self-assessment, and implementing comprehensive coaching guidelines. These guidelines emphasize open communication, mental health education for coaches, and proactive stress management within training programs. Conclusion: The profound connection between mental health and athletic performance necessitates a proactive, multifaceted approach. At the same time, current research provides valuable insights, but limitations exist, including potential publication bias and a narrow time frame in many studies. Future research should prioritize longitudinal studies to understand long-term effects, explore technological interventions for accessibility, and rigorously evaluate student support services. These efforts will contribute to more effective, evidence-based support systems for athletes.
VO₂max research: Endurance capacity levels of pencak silat martial artists Ittaqwa; Triatmo Joko Purnomo; Widya Nur Afifa; Patrick Keilbart
Journal of Sports and Physical Activity Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Sports and Physical Activity
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64268/jospa.v1i1.7

Abstract

Background: Low aerobic capacity remains a significant concern in combat sports, including pencak silat, as endurance is crucial in sustaining performance throughout a match. Martial artists lacking adequate aerobic fitness are more likely to experience performance decline in the later stages of competition. Aims: To determine their aerobic fitness profiles, this study will evaluate the maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂max) levels of pencak silat martial artists. Methods: A quantitative approach with a test-and-measurement design was employed, involving 12 pencak silat martial artists as research subjects. The primary instrument used was the Bleep test, a standardized tool for accurately assessing aerobic capacity. Result: The results showed that the martial artists' average VO₂max was 30.74 ml/kg/min, which falls into the low category. The categorization revealed that 50% of the martial artists were in the “very poor” category, 8.3% in “poor,” 25% in “fair,” and 16.7% in the “moderate” category. These findings indicate that the martial artists' aerobic fitness levels are still far from optimal, which may hinder their ability to perform at their best during competitions. Therefore, this study recommends implementing more structured and targeted training programs to improve aerobic capacity. Conclusion: Appropriate training interventions will enhance physical endurance and help maintain technical quality and consistent performance throughout matches. The results of this study offer valuable insights for coaches in designing more effective physical conditioning strategies.
Analysis of gyaku tsuki in Karate: Injury risk and fitness implications Fatkhur Rozi; Muhammad Zulqarnain Mohd Nasir; Siti Nursyahiirah Hasan
Journal of Sports and Physical Activity Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Sports and Physical Activity
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64268/jospa.v1i1.10

Abstract

Background: Karate, a traditional martial art, involves various techniques that require a deep understanding of biomechanics to optimize performance and minimize injury risks. One such technique, gyaku tsuki (reverse punch), is frequently used in competitive kumite. However, limited biomechanical analysis focuses on this technique. Aims: This study aims to analyze the biomechanics of gyaku tsuki, identifying the key movement phases, potential injury risks, and the necessary physical fitness components. It also explores the implications of biomechanical optimization for performance and injury prevention. Methods: A qualitative approach was employed using video analysis of one elite karate athlete, BK, a specialist in the -55 kg kumite category. Data was collected from the official YouTube page of the athlete on October 29, 2021. The video was analyzed using Kinovea software for biomechanical motion analysis. Triangulation was performed by comparing the video analysis with interviews from the coach and direct observation of the athlete during competition. Results: The study identified critical factors such as proper foot alignment and body rotation that influence punch effectiveness. Incorrect foot positioning and misalignment of the knee during execution were found to increase injury risk. The analysis also highlighted the importance of physical fitness, particularly power, speed, and coordination, for executing an optimal gyaku tsuki. Conclusion: The findings emphasize the need for biomechanically informed training methods to improve performance and reduce injury risks. Training should focus on optimizing body alignment, strength, and flexibility to enhance the effectiveness of gyaku tsuki.
A simple approach to monitoring technical-tactical load in collaboration-opposition sports Ignacio Alejandro Costa
Journal of Sports and Physical Activity Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Sports and Physical Activity
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64268/jospa.v1i2.11

Abstract

Background: In collaborative-opposition sports, managing training load is essential to ensure optimal planning and performance development. Among all components, the technical-tactical (TT) aspect is the foundation of the game. However, its high complexity makes it difficult to approach and quantify effectively. Aim: This narrative review aimed to critically analyze existing proposals for TT load management and to synthesize a new, improved alternative to support practitioners in collaborative-opposition sports. Methods: A general search was conducted using Google Scholar to identify the most widely cited non-technological approaches to TT load management. Only proposals that used templates without the aid of technology were included. A critical analysis was performed to examine the strengths and limitations of each identified model. The insights gained were then integrated to formulate a new and more functional proposal. Results: Three relevant proposals using non-technological templates were identified. Each was critically examined, with attention given to their practical contributions and inherent limitations. By integrating the positive aspects of each while addressing their weaknesses, a new TT load management model was developed. Conclusion: The synthesized proposal provides a simple yet ecologically valid tool for managing technical-tactical load in collaborative-opposition sports. Its ease of application and contextual relevance make it a valuable resource for coaches and practitioners seeking effective, accessible methods to support player development.
Lumbar alignment: its role on plantar pressure and postural sway in people with low back pain Harem Abdalqadir Mohammed; Ali Yalfani; Dara Latif Saifalddin; Saiwan Sirwan Mohammed; Hiwa Ahmed Rahim
Journal of Sports and Physical Activity Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Sports and Physical Activity
Publisher : spdfharmony.com

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64268/jospa.v1i2.15

Abstract

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a global health concern influenced by biomechanical factors, including lumbar alignment. Altered lumbar curvature (hyperlordosis/hypolordosis) may disrupt posture, plantar pressure distribution, and postural stability, contributing to LBP pathophysiology. Aim: This study investigated the impact of lumbar alignment on plantar pressure patterns and postural sway in individuals with LBP. Methods: Thirty-six participants (18–25 years) were categorized into hyperlordosis, hypolordosis, and normal lordosis groups. Lumbar curvature was measured using a flexible ruler, while plantar pressure and center of pressure (COP) parameters were assessed via the Zebris FDM-S platform during bipedal and unipedal standing. Statistical analysis included ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc tests (SPSS v26, p<0.05). Results: The normal lordosis group exhibited significantly smaller COP confidence ellipse parameters (minor/major axis length, area) and lower postural sway compared to hyperlordosis and hypolordosis groups (p<0.05). Anterior-posterior plantar pressure asymmetry was pronounced in hyperlordosis (anterior shift) and hypolordosis (posterior shift). No significant differences were observed in mediolateral COP displacement or bilateral foot symmetry (p>0.05). Conclusion: Normal lumbar alignment enhances postural stability and balanced plantar pressure distribution, whereas hyperlordosis and hypolordosis correlate with increased postural fluctuations and asymmetric foot loading. Rehabilitation strategies targeting lumbar alignment may improve biomechanical outcomes in LBP management.
Impact of virtual modality on the training of physical education students: A post-pandemic study Andri Velásquez-Salazar; Isolda Vergara-Santiago; Ronnie Videla Reyes; Valentín Mercado Hernández; Juan Díaz Labrin; Patricio Anacona Godoy
Journal of Sports and Physical Activity Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Sports and Physical Activity
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64268/jospa.v1i2.16

Abstract

Background: The educational experience of Physical Education Pedagogy students during virtual learning highlighted structural tensions that significantly affected the quality of the training process. Aim: This study analyzed the relationship between class modality and training quality among Physical Education students at a Chilean university after an extended period of virtual classes. Method: A non-experimental quantitative approach was used with a correlational scope. The sample included 56 students (35 males and 21 females) who answered a questionnaire, and the data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics software. Results: The chi-square test of independence (χ² (3) = 2.75, p = .432) revealed no significant differences by gender or regarding the return to in-person classes, indicating that students shared similar perceptions. Conclusion: The return to in-person learning was perceived by students as a process full of challenges for their professional development.
Spirituality and mental training as predictors of athletic resilience Blessy Bel T. Palma Gil; Arvin Andacao
Journal of Sports and Physical Activity Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Sports and Physical Activity
Publisher : spdfharmony.com

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64268/jospa.v1i2.19

Abstract

Background of study: The interplay between spirituality and mental training in enhancing sports resilience remains underexplored, particularly in the Philippine context. Aims: This study aimed to examine the predictive influence of spirituality and mental training on the sports resilience of athletes. Methods: A quantitative correlational design, specifically employing predictive modelling through multiple regression analysis, was used. A total of 145 student-athletes, identified using the Raosoft sample size calculator, participated in the study out of 231 varsity athletes in Davao Oriental during the Mindanao sports competition. Descriptive, correlation, and regression analyses were conducted to identify the levels, relationships, and predictors of athletic resilience. Results:  The findings revealed that the overall levels of spirituality, mental training, and resilience in sports were all very high. The spirituality and mental training were strongly correlated with sports resilience. Among the subscale indicators, spiritual well-being, locus of control, performance skills, and mental imagery significantly predicted athletic resilience. Conclusion: The study concluded that spiritual and mental training components significantly contribute to the development of sports resilience among athletes. It is recommended that athletic programs integrate spiritual well-being and targeted mental skill strategies to strengthen resilience in competitive settings.

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