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Sport, Exercise, and Injury
Published by CV Rezki Media
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30908213     DOI : https://doi.org/10.56003/sei
Core Subject : Health, Education,
Health Professions Public Health Other
The journal focuses on sports injuries, exercise science, rehabilitation, and injury prevention across various levels of sports participation, from youth to elite athletes. It welcomes submissions that explore the physiological, biomechanical, psychological, and technological aspects of injury occurrence, treatment, and recovery in both competitive and recreational settings.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Rehabilitasi
Articles 34 Documents
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Injury patterns and risk factors in high school futsal: An observational study Rafif Jendra Atmaja
Sport, Exercise, and Injury Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Sport, Exercise, and Injury
Publisher : CV Rezki Media

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56003/sei.v1i1.513

Abstract

Background: Sports injuries at an early age are crucial and must be given attention. Objectives: This study aims to analyze injury patterns, causative factors, and prevention strategies specific to high school futsal players. Methods: The research method used was descriptive quantitative with a cross-sectional study approach. The population in this study were male students of State Senior High School 1 Ponorogo who participated in class meeting activities, with purposive sampling technique found 24 samples. Data collected by questionnaire included information on the type of injury, location of injury, causative factors, injury treatment and type of rehabilitation. Results: The results showed that the most common injuries were cuts/abrasions (29%) and bruises (23%), most common in the lower extremities, namely knees (23%) and ankles (20%), the most common cause of injury was physical contact (54%), most injuries occurred during the second half (67%), the most common first aid given was cold compresses (51%) and the most common rehabilitation/therapy was massage (25%) and physiotherapy (21%). Conclusions: The findings can be concluded that the most dominant type of injury experienced by students is abrasion, especially in the knee area. In addition, the main causative factors of injury are fatigue, infrastructure, and collisions between players. The results of this study indicate the urgency of implementing injury prevention programs and the importance of conducting post-injury rehabilitation, in an effort to minimize the risk of injury to support the sustainability of students' careers in sports.
Eccentric hamstring strength and asymmetry in female handball athletes: A descriptive study Alvito Dandy Putra Sanjaya; Awang Firmansyah; Aziz Abdul Hakim; Panji Bana
Sport, Exercise, and Injury Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Sport, Exercise, and Injury
Publisher : CV Rezki Media

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56003/sei.v1i1.553

Abstract

Background: Handball is a competitive sport that requires high physical strength and muscle endurance. The game requires a balance of muscle strength to support athletes in performing movements such as sprints, jumps, and fast movement maneuvers. Lack of flexibility and high hamstring muscle asymmetry values ​​are risk factors for injury to handball athletes. Objectives: This study aims to determine the eccentric strength and hamstring muscle asymmetry in female handball athletes in Surabaya City. Methods: The study subjects were 13 female handball athletes from Surabaya aged 18-23 years with regional-level competition experience and no lower extremity injuries. The instrument in this study is Nordbord by Vald Performance; Nordbord is a portable rapid assessment tool that can analyze large groups, providing information about the exact functional strength parameters quickly and efficiently. This study used a quantitative descriptive method to analyze hamstring muscle strength and asymmetry data. Results: Indicated the athletes had an average (body mass of 59.30 ± 10.94 kg and height of 164.80 ± 6.80 cm). The overall eccentric hamstring strength was 88.1% of the expected norm, with right and left maximum forces averaging 230.70 ± 48.80 N and 233.61 ± 50.15 N, respectively. The average asymmetry between legs was -1.44 ± 9.14%, suggesting relatively balanced muscle strength. Conclusions: The study concluded that hamstring eccentric strength in both legs should be improved by approximately 11.9% while maintaining the current low asymmetry levels to support muscle balance. Targeted training interventions are recommended to increase hamstring strength and minimize asymmetry, enhancing performance and reducing injury risk in female handball athletes.
Injury prevalence among cricket athletes in East Java: A cross-sectional study Ali Ridho Fadlurrahman Najib
Sport, Exercise, and Injury Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Sport, Exercise, and Injury
Publisher : CV Rezki Media

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56003/sei.v1i1.554

Abstract

Background: Cricket has a risk of injury that needs to be considered, especially for athletes in East Java. This study aims to understand the prevalence of injuries in East Java cricket athletes, including the type, location, cause, time of occurrence, and treatment, as an effort to prevent and improve athlete performance. Objectives: This study aims to determine the prevalence, types, causes, timing, and management of injuries among cricket athletes in East Java. Methods: This study uses non-experimental descriptive quantitative methods, with a cross-sectional study and total sampling technique. 25 Indonesian East Java Province Cricket athletes with an age of 22.68+2.32, height of 163.2+6.78, and weight of 60.32+10.06, consisting of 13 male athletes and 12 female athletes, were involved in this study. This research instrument used a questionnaire to collect data. Data were analyzed using percentage analysis. Results: The results showed that abrasions (36%) and muscle cramps (20%) were the most frequent injuries, especially affecting the lower extremities (56%). Overtraining (52%) was the leading cause, and injuries mainly occurred during training (52%). The RICE method was the most frequently applied treatment (60%). Conclusions: This study highlights the need for structured training programs and preventive strategies to reduce the incidence of injuries.
Knowledge level of sports injury first aid using PRICE method among student-athletes in Indonesia: A case study Hison Naji Ar Rahman
Sport, Exercise, and Injury Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Sport, Exercise, and Injury
Publisher : CV Rezki Media

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56003/sei.v1i1.555

Abstract

Background: Sports injuries are a risk often experienced by athletes, including special sports class students, so knowledge about proper injury management is needed, one of which is the PRICE method (Protection, Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation). Objectives: This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge about first aid in sports injuries using the PRICE method among student-athletes. Methods: This study used a descriptive quantitative method with a survey technique. The research sample comprised 18 students selected through purposive sampling, using an instrument in the form of a questionnaire containing 48 items related to the PRICE method. Results: The results showed 33.3% of students had a high level of knowledge, 38.4% were moderate, 22.3% were low, and 5.5% were very low. Conclusions: The level of student knowledge of the PRICE method is mainly in the moderate to high category, but there are still some students with low understanding, especially in the Compression aspect, so further education is needed to improve the effectiveness of injury management. The compression component had the lowest understanding, indicating a need for further education and training.
Eccentric hamstring strength profile and limb asymmetry in sub-elite female taekwondo athletes: Implications for injury prevention Christina Septya Dewi; Pudjijuniarto Pudjijuniarto; Awang Firmansyah; Roy Januardi Irawan
Sport, Exercise, and Injury Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Sport, Exercise, and Injury
Publisher : CV Rezki Media

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56003/sei.v1i1.574

Abstract

Background: Taekwondo is a physical contact sport requiring quick reactions and explosive movements such as kicking, which depend heavily on hamstring muscle strength to maintain performance and reduce injury risk. Objectives: This study aims to profile the eccentric hamstring strength and asymmetry in sub-elite female taekwondo athletes in East Java. Methods: This was a quantitative descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 22 female athletes with regional competition experience and no lower limb injuries were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using the NordBord by Vald Performance, a reliable tool for measuring eccentric hamstring strength and asymmetry. Descriptive statistics analyzed the mean, standard deviation, minimum, maximum, and strength percentage relative to normative values. Results: The athletes had an average age of 18.86±2.05 years, body mass of 57.45±8.90 kg, height of 160.68±6.72 cm, and BMI of24.33 ±2.51. Eccentric hamstring strength was 89.6% in the left leg, 85% in the right leg, and 87.2% overall, indicating the need for improvement. Conclusions: The eccentric hamstring strength of both legs needs to be increased by approximately 12.8% while maintaining the current low asymmetry level to support muscle balance. Targeted hamstring strengthening exercises are recommended to enhance performance and reduce injury risk. This study is limited to female athletes; further research should include broader populations and variables.
Analysis of sports injuries in the implementation of the new 2023 regulations for the sport of Pencak Silat in the 17-35 age category Muhammad Miqdam Afis
Sport, Exercise, and Injury Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Sport, Exercise, and Injury
Publisher : CV Rezki Media

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56003/sei.v1i2.641

Abstract

Background: The changes to the 2022/2023 Pencak Silat competition rules established by PESILAT are aimed at international standardization, but these changes have the potential to affect patterns and injury risks for athletes in competition categories involving intense physical contact. Objectives: This study aims to describe the types, frequency, and body parts injured, as well as athletes' perceptions of the impact of the implementation of the new 2023 regulations on injuries among 17-35-year-old competitive Pencak Silat athletes in Malang Regency. Methods: The study used a quantitative descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 30 competitive Pencak Silat athletes (aged 17–35 years) selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected in March 2025 using a questionnaire distributed online via Google Forms. Data analysis was performed descriptively using frequencies and percentages, as well as simple comparative analysis based on gender. Results: Of the 30 respondents, the most commonly reported injuries were sprains (22.0%) and bruises (19.5%). The body parts most frequently injured were the lower extremities (feet and ankles, 20.7%), followed by the hands (14.1%). The most dominant factors causing injury were lack of warm-up (27.5%) and collision/physical contact (26.4%). A total of 64% of athletes (n = 19) stated that the implementation of the new 2023 regulations had a significant effect on the occurrence of injuries. Severe injuries such as fractures, ACL, and MCL were only found in male athletes with a low percentage, while minor injuries (bruises and sprains) were more commonly reported in female athletes. Conclusions: Soft tissue injuries, particularly sprains and bruises, are the most common types of injuries experienced by competitive Pencak Silat athletes, with injuries predominantly occurring in the lower extremities.
Analysis of dominant physical factors in volleyball skills: confirmatory analysis of the Bahana Muda volleyball team Mahesa Dwi Chandra
Sport, Exercise, and Injury Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Sport, Exercise, and Injury
Publisher : CV Rezki Media

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56003/sei.v1i2.642

Abstract

Background: Physical condition is an important determinant of volleyball skill performance, but few studies have empirically tested the structure of its dominant factors using a confirmatory approach. Objectives: This study aims to identify the dominant physical condition factors that influence the playing skills of Bahana Muda Club volleyball athletes using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Methods: This study used a quantitative descriptive design. The sample consisted of 20 male volleyball athletes from the Bahana Muda Club who were selected through purposive sampling. The physical condition variables measured included speed (30-meter run), endurance (beep test), arm muscle strength (push-ups), abdominal muscle strength (sit-ups), leg muscle power (vertical jump), and agility (shuttle run). The analysis was conducted through an initial exploratory analysis and continued with CFA using IBM SPSS AMOS version 26. The goodness-of-fit model was evaluated using the CFI, TLI, and RMSEA indices. Results: The CFA results show that leg muscle power (λ = 0.791), arm muscle strength (λ = 0.742), endurance (λ = 0.732), and agility (λ = 0.606) have significant factor loadings on volleyball skills (p < 0.05), while abdominal muscle speed and strength did not show significant contributions. The CFA model showed good data fit (CFI = 0.986; TLI = 0.978; RMSEA = 0.050). Conclusions: Leg muscle power, arm muscle strength, endurance, and agility are the dominant physical factors in volleyball skills. Training programs should prioritize these components, and further research should involve larger samples and cross-clubs.
Comparative physical fitness profiles of female long-distance and sprint swimmers at Petrokima Gresik Club: A descriptive study Kartika Jeaniar Fajar Nur Rahma
Sport, Exercise, and Injury Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Sport, Exercise, and Injury
Publisher : CV Rezki Media

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56003/sei.v1i2.645

Abstract

Background: Physical condition is a fundamental factor that affects swimmers' performance in developing techniques, tactics, and competition strategies, especially for swimmers specializing in different distances, such as sprinters and long-distance swimmers. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the dominant physical profiles of female sprinters and long-distance swimmers, providing evaluation material for coaches to develop more targeted training programs. Methods: The study employed a quantitative descriptive design, utilizing a survey and test approach. The research subjects consisted of 20 female swimmers from the Petrokimia Gresik Club who were selected purposively, including 10 sprinters and 10 long-distance swimmers. Data collection was conducted in 2024 through push-up tests (measuring arm muscle strength), sit-ups (assessing abdominal muscle strength), vertical jump (evaluating leg muscle explosive power), and multistage fitness tests (testing aerobic endurance). Raw scores were converted into t-scores and then categorized using the Norm Reference Scale (NRS). Data analysis was performed descriptively using means, standard deviations, and percentages. This study has obtained ethical approval from the relevant ethics committee. Results: The analysis results show that in the sprinter group, 4 out of 10 athletes (40%) were in the "fair" physical condition category, while in the long-distance group, 5 out of 10 athletes (50%) were also in this category. In general, the components of arm muscle strength, abdominal muscle strength, leg muscle power, and aerobic endurance in both groups showed a relatively balanced distribution with a predominance of the adequate category. Conclusions: The physical condition of female sprinters and long-distance swimmers from the Petrokimia Gresik Club was at a relatively balanced level, with a predominance of the adequate category. These findings serve as a basis for evaluating and adjusting training programs according to the characteristics of specific swimming specializations.
Analysis of strategy and implementation of head injury prevention programs: A case study of boxers at HAN Academy Malang Padantya Devin Sugito
Sport, Exercise, and Injury Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Sport, Exercise, and Injury
Publisher : CV Rezki Media

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56003/sei.v1i2.646

Abstract

Background: Boxing is a high-risk combat sport with a high probability of head injuries, so effective prevention strategies are essential for athlete safety. However, empirical evidence on the implementation of head injury prevention programs at the training academy level is still limited. Objectives: This study aims to explore strategies and the practical implementation of head injury prevention at the HAN Boxing Academy, Malang. Methods: A qualitative case study design was used with purposive sampling. Four participants (one coach and three active athletes) were recruited. Data were collected through document review, direct observation, and semi-structured interviews, which consisted of 15 guiding questions. Data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach, which involved data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. Methodological triangulation was applied to enhance credibility. Results: Three main themes emerged: (1) systematic emphasis on basic defensive techniques to minimize head collisions, (2) mandatory and consistent use of head protection during training sessions, and (3) active supervision by coaches combined with a gradual rehabilitation protocol, including competition restrictions for up to six months after a serious head injury. Participants considered head protection effective in reducing the severity of impacts, although the residual risk of head injury was still acknowledged. Conclusions: Head injury prevention in academies is implemented through an integrated approach that combines technical skill development, the use of protective equipment, and continuous monitoring. To strengthen its effectiveness, it is recommended that structured injury prevention protocols be implemented and closer collaboration with medical professionals be fostered.
The effects of the FIFA 11+ program on lower limb functional outcomes: A systematic review Yulingga Nanda Hanief; Italo Sannicandro; Raja Mohammed Firhad Raja Azidin
Sport, Exercise, and Injury Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Sport, Exercise, and Injury
Publisher : CV Rezki Media

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56003/sei.v1i2.670

Abstract

Background: The FIFA 11+ program has been proven effective in preventing soccer injuries, but evidence regarding its impact on lower extremity functional outcomes is still scattered and reported heterogeneously. Objectives: This systematic review aims to synthesize evidence regarding the effects of the FIFA 11+ program on lower extremity functional outcomes—including ROM, knee extension, internal and external hip rotation, and hamstring muscle strength—in athletes. Methods: This systematic review was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251147261) and conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A total of 14 studies involving athletes or physically active individuals met the inclusion criteria. Functional outcomes were measured using various instruments, primarily an isokinetic dynamometer for muscle strength and a goniometer for ROM measurement. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Due to substantial heterogeneity in study design, measurement instruments, intervention protocols, and reporting formats, a quantitative meta-analysis was not performed, and the data were synthesized using a qualitative narrative approach. Results: Most studies (approximately 70–80%) reported an increase in hamstring muscle strength after the FIFA 11+ intervention, particularly in concentric and eccentric isokinetic measurements. Improvements in ROM and functional outcomes of the knee and hip were also reported, although results varied between studies. Evidence related to knee extension and hip rotation shows lower consistency compared to hamstring strength. Conclusions: The FIFA 11+ program shows potential functional benefits beyond injury prevention, particularly in improving hamstring muscle strength and several aspects of joint mobility.

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