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Academic Letters
Published by PT. Gyandharma Global Media
ISSN : -     EISSN : 3090353X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.64781/620743
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Science, Education, Agriculture, Art, Social, Engineering,
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Other
Academic Letters is a new experiment in open access academic publishing. We aim to publish short-form articles such as brief reports, case studies, reports of new findings, socio-political critiques, credible scholarly opinions, and ideas omitted from previously published works. Articles published in Academic Letters are no longer than 600-1500 words, excluding references. Academic Letters is published periodically (6 issues per year: January, March, May, July, September, and November).
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 32 Documents
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Foods as Synbiotic Andalusia Trisna Salsabila; Sutrisno Adi Prayitno; Nurul Zualiazizah
Academic Letters Vol 1 No 5 (2025)
Publisher : PT. Gyandharma Global Media

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Abstract

Increasing evidence highlights the pivotal role of diet, microbiota interactions in maintaining human health, driving growing interest in functional foods such as synbiotics. Synbiotic foods combine probiotics live beneficial microorganisms and prebiotics non-digestible substrates that selectively stimulate beneficial gut microbes—to synergistically modulate the gut microbiota. This combined approach enhances probiotic survival, colonization, and metabolic activity, leading to improved intestinal barrier integrity, increased production of short-chain fatty acids, and suppression of pathogenic microorganisms. Recent research demonstrates that synbiotic consumption is associated with improved digestive function, enhanced immune responses, reduced systemic inflammation, and a lower risk of metabolic disorders, including obesity and type 2 diabetes. In addition, emerging evidence suggests a role for synbiotics in the gut–brain axis, influencing mental health and cognitive function. Despite these benefits, challenges related to probiotic stability, strain–substrate compatibility, and regulatory frameworks remain. Overall, synbiotic foods represent a promising, science-based strategy for preventive nutrition and the development of next-generation functional foods aimed at supporting long-term health.
Beneficial Microbes in the Food Sector Khoiroh Inda Dini; Natasya Zahra Aulia Putri; Sutrisno Adi Prayitno
Academic Letters Vol 1 No 5 (2025)
Publisher : PT. Gyandharma Global Media

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Abstract

Microorganisms play an essential role in modern food systems, extending beyond food spoilage to provide significant benefits in food processing, safety, and nutrition. Beneficial microbes such as bacteria, yeasts, and molds are widely used in fermentation to transform raw ingredients into value-added foods with improved flavor, texture, and shelf life. Through complex biochemical reactions, these microorganisms modify carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, leading to the production of bioactive compounds and the reduction of anti-nutritional factors. Commonly used microbes include lactic acid bacteria, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and molds such as Rhizopus and Aspergillus, which are involved in producing yogurt, cheese, bread, tempeh, and fermented vegetables. In addition to enhancing sensory qualities, microbial fermentation improves nutrient bioavailability and inhibits pathogenic microorganisms, thereby enhancing food safety. Regular consumption of fermented foods has also been associated with improved gut health and immune function. Overall, the controlled use of beneficial microbes represents a sustainable approach that integrates microbiology and food science to support food quality, public health, and food innovation.
Morfologi Ikan Kerapu Sunu (Plectropomus leopardus) sebagai Dasar Pengelolaan dan Konservasi Sumber Daya Perikanan Indra Surya Winata
Academic Letters Vol 1 No 6 (2025)
Publisher : PT. Gyandharma Global Media

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64781/669942

Abstract

Ikan kerapu sunu (Plectropomus leopardus) merupakan salah satu komoditas perikanan bernilai ekonomi tinggi yang tersebar luas di wilayah Indo-Pasifik, termasuk perairan Indonesia. Eksploitasi yang intensif serta degradasi habitat terumbu karang menyebabkan populasi spesies ini mengalami tekanan yang signifikan. Studi morfologi menjadi pendekatan penting dalam memahami karakter biologis, variasi populasi, serta adaptasi ekologis spesies ini. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji karakteristik morfologi ikan kerapu sunu berdasarkan kajian pustaka dan sintesis berbagai hasil penelitian terdahulu, serta membahas implikasinya terhadap konservasi dan pengelolaan sumber daya perikanan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa P. leopardus memiliki ciri morfologi khas berupa tubuh memanjang dan pipih lateral, pola warna merah cerah dengan bintik biru, serta variasi ukuran tubuh yang dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan dan tekanan eksploitasi. Variasi morfometrik antar wilayah menunjukkan adanya adaptasi ekologis dan potensi diferensiasi populasi. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya pendekatan berbasis morfologi sebagai dasar pengelolaan berkelanjutan dan pengembangan budidaya ikan kerapu sunu di Indonesia.
Peanut: Relationship, Arginine, and Cardiovascular Health Sutrisno Adi Prayitno; Andalusia Trisna Salsabila; Devi Kartika Sari
Academic Letters Vol 1 No 6 (2025)
Publisher : PT. Gyandharma Global Media

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Abstract

Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) are nutrient-dense legumes that play an important role in global food systems and human health. Beyond serving as an affordable source of energy and plant-based protein, peanuts are increasingly recognized as a functional food due to their rich content of unsaturated fatty acids, dietary fiber, minerals, phytosterols, and polyphenolic compounds associated with reduced cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Among these components, arginine—a semi-essential amino acid abundantly present in peanuts—has received considerable attention for its role in nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and vascular health. Arginine-derived NO is a key regulator of endothelial function, blood pressure, and platelet aggregation, and impaired NO bioavailability is closely linked to hypertension and atherosclerosis. Evidence from randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses published between 2020 and 2024 indicates that regular peanut consumption is associated with improvements in lipid profiles, inflammatory markers, and overall cardiometabolic health, particularly in individuals with metabolic disorders. The cardioprotective effects of peanuts are mediated through synergistic interactions between arginine, unsaturated fats, phytosterols, dietary fiber, and antioxidant compounds. Collectively, these findings support the inclusion of peanuts in balanced dietary patterns aimed at cardiovascular disease prevention.
Penemuan Ikan Coelacanth di Indonesia Makhluk Purba yang Masih Hidup di Laut Nusantara Rima Oktavia Kusuma; Muh. Sulaiman Dadiono; Pratiwi Restu Murti
Academic Letters Vol 1 No 6 (2025)
Publisher : PT. Gyandharma Global Media

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Abstract

Ikan coelacanth dikenal sebagai salah satu makhluk laut paling misterius di dunia karena selama puluhan juta tahun dianggap telah punah. Namun, penemuan ikan ini dalam keadaan hidup di perairan Indonesia mengejutkan dunia ilmu pengetahuan. Artikel esai ini membahas latar belakang penemuan coelacanth di Indonesia, mengenalkan ciri-ciri utamanya, serta menjelaskan mengapa temuan ini sangat penting bagi ilmu pengetahuan dan upaya pelestarian laut. Pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa coelacanth Indonesia merupakan spesies berbeda dari coelacanth Afrika dan hidup di laut dalam yang relatif masih alami. Penemuan ini membuktikan bahwa laut Indonesia menyimpan kekayaan hayati luar biasa sekaligus menuntut perhatian serius dalam perlindungan ekosistem laut dalam.
Role of Prebiotics and Probiotics in Gut Microbiota Modulation and Human Health Muhammad Syahrul Firmansyah; Sutrisno Adi Prayitno; Azril Akhmad Nur Islami
Academic Letters Vol 2 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : PT. Gyandharma Global Media

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64781/669979

Abstract

The human gut microbiota plays a vital role in maintaining overall health by regulating digestion, nutrient metabolism, immune function, and protection against pathogenic microorganisms. Imbalances in gut microbial composition, known as dysbiosis, have been strongly linked to the development of chronic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, and cardiovascular disorders. Modern dietary patterns characterized by high intake of ultra-processed foods and low dietary fiber are major contributors to microbial dysbiosis. Prebiotics and probiotics have gained attention as functional food components capable of beneficially modulating gut microbiota composition and activity. Probiotics introduce beneficial microorganisms that enhance intestinal barrier function, suppress pathogens, and regulate immune responses, while prebiotics selectively stimulate microbial growth and promote short-chain fatty acid production. The synergistic use of prebiotics and probiotics supports gut integrity, immune balance, and metabolic health. Their integration into daily diets represents a promising strategy for preventive nutrition and long-term disease risk reduction.
Melihat Hukum Fisika di Balik Gerakan Berenang Ikan di Air Pratiwi Restu Murti; Dadiono, Muh. Sulaiman
Academic Letters Vol 2 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : PT. Gyandharma Global Media

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64781/669980

Abstract

Kemampuan ikan berenang dengan cepat dan efisien merupakan hasil dari penerapan alami hukum fisika, terutama yang berkaitan dengan gaya gerak, hambatan air, dan aliran fluida. Artikel ini bertujuan menjelaskan bagaimana hukum fisika memengaruhi kecepatan renang ikan dengan pendekatan sederhana yang mudah dipahami oleh pembaca umum. Pembahasan mencakup prinsip aksi reaksi, pengaruh hambatan air, bentuk tubuh ikan, serta pemanfaatan pusaran air. Hasil kajian literatur menunjukkan bahwa ikan tidak hanya mengandalkan kekuatan otot, tetapi juga memanfaatkan bentuk tubuh dan pola gerak untuk mengurangi hambatan dan menghemat energi. Pemahaman ini memberikan gambaran bahwa alam telah mengembangkan sistem gerak yang sangat efisien, yang kini banyak ditiru dalam teknologi modern.
Aerasi dan Oksigenasi dalam Budidaya Perikanan: Strategi Menjaga Keseimbangan Kualitas Air Rakhman Wira Subagja; Reny Tri Indaswari; Asro Nurhabib; Jefri Anjaini
Academic Letters Vol 1 No 6 (2025)
Publisher : PT. Gyandharma Global Media

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Abstract

Aerasi dan oksigenasi merupakan komponen penting dalam sistem budidaya perikanan untuk menjaga kualitas air tetap optimal serta mendukung kebutuhan fisiologis organisme budidaya. Oksigen terlarut (Dissolved Oxygen/DO) menjadi indikator utama kualitas air yang secara langsung memengaruhi metabolisme, pertumbuhan, dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup ikan. Praktik akuakultur intensif sering menyebabkan penurunan kadar oksigen akibat tingginya kepadatan tebar dan akumulasi bahan organik dari sisa pakan serta hasil metabolisme. Makalah ini membahas teknologi aerasi dan oksigenasi yang umum digunakan, seperti aerator mekanis, sistem microbubble, dan teknologi nanobubble, serta pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup ikan. Teknologi nanobubble menonjol karena kemampuannya menjaga kestabilan oksigen terlarut sekaligus membantu mengikat polutan tersuspensi, sehingga meningkatkan kondisi kualitas air secara keseluruhan. Berbagai hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan aerasi yang tepat dapat meningkatkan laju pertumbuhan dan mencapai tingkat kelangsungan hidup hingga 100% pada beberapa spesies. Namun, keberlanjutan sistem aerasi masih menghadapi tantangan berupa ketergantungan energi yang tinggi, ketidakstabilan pasokan listrik di daerah terpencil, serta fluktuasi biaya bahan bakar. Oleh karena itu, integrasi sumber energi alternatif yang ramah lingkungan menjadi solusi jangka panjang untuk menjamin kontinuitas aerasi dan kestabilan kualitas air dalam sistem akuakultur.
Developing Fisheries Clusters to Increase Competitiveness Through Production Integration, Scale Efficiency, and Strengthening Institutions in Sustainable Aquaculture Systems Burhan Arianto; Naqilla Itsak Ramadhani; Anastasia Shafaa Nurayya; Violin Anathasya Athfal Two; Desti Diyan Mekar Meirika Diyana; Mukhamad Malik Al Najib; Risyad Aghniya Yahya; Jefri Anjaini; Asro Nurhabib
Academic Letters Vol 1 No 6 (2025)
Publisher : PT. Gyandharma Global Media

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Abstract

The development of fisheries clusters is a strategic approach to improving the competitiveness of the aquaculture sector through production integration, scale efficiency, and institutional strengthening. Challenges faced by fisheries cluster development include environmental degradation, social inequality in the supply chain, global market instability, and weak governance. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the basic concept of fisheries clusters, the role of production integration, scale efficiency, and institutional strengthening in enhancing the competitiveness of the sustainable aquaculture sector. This paper demonstrates that optimally designed fisheries clusters can reduce operational costs, increase productivity, expand farmer access to technologies such as circulating water systems (RAS) and IoT, and strengthen the position of structured institutions.
Potensi, Tantangan dan Arah Perkembangan Perikanan Budidaya di Kabupaten Banyumas Rudy Wijaya
Academic Letters Vol 2 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : PT. Gyandharma Global Media

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64781/687976

Abstract

Perikanan budidaya merupakan salah satu sektor strategis yang berperan penting dalam peningkatan ekonomi daerah serta ketahanan pangan masyarakat. Kabupaten Banyumas sebagai wilayah dengan sumber daya air tawar yang cukup melimpah memiliki potensi besar dalam pengembangan usaha budidaya ikan air tawar, terutama komoditas lele, nila, gurame, dan ikan mas. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perkembangan perikanan budidaya di Kabupaten Banyumas berdasarkan kondisi geografis, jenis komoditas unggulan, perkembangan produksi, serta tantangan yang dihadapi pembudidaya. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa perikanan budidaya di Banyumas mengalami peningkatan seiring meningkatnya permintaan pasar, dukungan pemerintah daerah, dan inovasi teknologi budidaya. Namun demikian, sektor ini masih menghadapi kendala seperti keterbatasan modal, kualitas benih, manajemen pakan, serta fluktuasi harga pasar. Secara umum, pengembangan perikanan budidaya di Banyumas memiliki prospek yang menjanjikan apabila didukung oleh inovasi teknologi, peningkatan kapasitas sumber daya manusia, dan penguatan kelembagaan pembudidaya.

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