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Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Sriwijaya
ISSN : 20866380     EISSN : 25487949     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Public Health
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (JIKM) is a scientific peer-reviewed journal. Its aims are to share out, to develop, to facilitate research findings in Public Health that it will give benefit to managers, decision makers, public health officer, health problem practitioners, lecturers, as well as students. The content of the journal includes literature review, research-based article dealing with: 1. Health policy and administration 2. Environmental health 3. Occupational health and safety 4. Public health nutrition 5. Health promotion and behavioral sciences 6. Epidemiology & Biostatistics 7. Others related to public health challenges
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Menejmen Informasi Kesehatan
Articles 440 Documents
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Factors Influencing High Fly Density at Food Vendors
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 16 No. 3 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (JIKM)
Publisher : Association of Public Health Scholars based in Faculty of Public Health, Sriwijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26553/jikm.2025.16.3.439-452

Abstract

Palembang, as a rapidly expanding culinary destination, faces increased vulnerability to food contamination, particularly in the Ampera Bridge culinary area where dense vendor activity, inadequate sanitation, and proximity to pollution sources create favorable conditions for vector proliferation. Flies function as mechanical vectors capable of transmitting pathogens to food, posing a substantial public health risk. This study aimed to analyze environmental factors associated with fly density among food vendors around the Ampera Bridge. An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted in November 2024. Fly density was measured using the Ministry of Health’s fly grill method and categorized into low, medium, and high. Independent variables included food serving area condition, trash can condition, sink condition, location, fly prevention facilities, temperature, and humidity. A total of 103 vendors meeting the inclusion criteria were selected through purposive sampling. Univariat analysis showed that most vendors had poor serving areas, trash cans, and fly prevention facilities. Bivariate analysis indicated that only vendor location and preventive facilities were significantly associated with high fly density. Multivariate analysis further demonstrated that inadequate fly prevention facilities were the strongest predictor of high fly density, followed by vendor location. The study concludes that preventive facilities and vendor proximity to pollution sources are key determinants of fly density. Strengthening sanitation practices and improving environmental hygiene infrastructure are recommended to reduce fly density and mitigate foodborne disease risk.
The Analysis of Health Workers Roles in the Implementation of Community-Based Total Sanitation (STBM)
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 16 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (JIKM)
Publisher : Association of Public Health Scholars based in Faculty of Public Health, Sriwijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26553/jikm.2025.16.2.233-248

Abstract

The 2020 Indonesian Health Survey reported that 74.4% of households in Indonesia had drinking water contaminated by E. coli bacteria. in response, the Indonesian government launched the Community-Based Total Sanitation (STBM) program. This study aimed to explore the role of health workers in the implementation of STBM Pillar I in work area of the Sentosa Baru Community Health Center (UPT). A qualitative study was conducted in Tegal Rejo Village, selected due to its high open defecation (OD) rate. Informants included sanitarian officers, village heads, health center heads, STBM cadres, and one community representative. Primary data were collected through in-depth interviews using interview guidelines and voice recorders, while secondary data were obtained from relevant agencies. Data were analyzed through data reduction, and the presentation in images and narrative descriptions. Results indicated that advocacy for the implementation of STBM Pillar I generated support from the village. Supporting factors were obtained from the shared goals between agencies in the implementation of STBM, while inhibiting factors were community characteristics that had unsupportive behavior or were ignorant. The triggering process began with fostering a positive atmosphere within the community through games, followed by agreeing on terms through discussions with the community, and culminating in a joint commitment. Recording and reporting were conducted manually by filling out the standarized forms. Health workers were expected to routinely report progress toward eliminating open defecation in each Sentosa Baru Community Health Center work area on the provided website and to continuously maintain and enhance their role as facilitator inpromoting proper defecation practices.
Risk Factors of Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Case-Control Study from Eastern Indonesia
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 16 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (JIKM)
Publisher : Association of Public Health Scholars based in Faculty of Public Health, Sriwijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26553/jikm.2025.16.2.204-214

Abstract

Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health concern in Indonesia, including in Teluk Bintuni District. The increasing trend of cases underscores the urgency of identifying risk factors, particularly in underserved areas. This study aimed to analyze risk factors associated with pulmonary TB incidence in Teluk Bintuni. A quantitative case-control (1:2) was applied, involving 336 purposively selected respondents who sought care between January and December 2024. Cases were confirmed TB patients, and controls were non-TB patients. Secondary data were obtained from the Tuberculosis Information System (Sistem Informasi Tuberkulosis or SITB) and health center records. Univariate analysis indicated that most pulmonary tuberculosis cases were observed among respondents with lower education, productive age group, non-smokers, and Papuan ethnicity. Bivariate analysis using chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests identified variables with p<0.25 for inclusion in multivariate logistic regression. Significant associations were found between TB and HIV status, education, distance to health facilities, and ethnicity. HIV positivity was observed in 12.5% of cases versus 3.1% of controls (p=0.001; OR=4.429). Low education was more common among controls (79.5%) than cases (55.4%) (p<0.001;OR=0.320), non-Papuan ethnicity accounted for 25.0% of cases and 8.5% of controls (p<0.001; OR=0.278). Living ≥5 km from health services was less frequent among  cases (14.3%) than controls (24.1%) (p=0.037; OR=0.525). In multivariate analysis, HIV status, ethnicity, and education remained significant, with HIV status emerging as the strongest predictor (OR=4.376; p=0.003). The lower TB prevalence among individuals with less-education may reflect underdiagnosis due to limited access to service or reduced or care-seeking. These findings highlight the need for HIV control, improved detection, and culturally tailored TB strategies in remote communities.
Choosing Primary Dental Care Facility: Preference of Indonesian National Health Insurance Participants
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 16 No. 3 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (JIKM)
Publisher : Association of Public Health Scholars based in Faculty of Public Health, Sriwijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26553/jikm.2025.16.3.328-341

Abstract

The expansion of Indonesia’s National Health Insurance program (Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional, JKN) has improved access to primary dental care services. However, factors influencing participants’ selection of dental care facilities, whether community health centers (pusat kesehatan masyarakat or puskesmas), private clinics, or private dental practices, remain underexplored. This study aimed to identify the determinants of facility preference among JKN participants seeking primary oral health services. The study employed a retrospective cross-sectional design, utilizing secondary data from the 1% Sample Data of Indonesia National Health Insurance (2017–2023). The population consisted of 140,395 adult JKN participants (aged 18 years or older) who received dental care and were alive as of December 31, 2023. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the associations between facility choice and sociodemographic variables, including age, sex, premium class, membership segmentation, and residential area. Community health centers were the most accessed (41.1%), followed by private clinics (37.2%). Participants in the government-subsidized segmentation were far more likely to use community health centers (RRR = 16.38; 95% CI: 15.54–17.27). Those in the highest premium class favored private clinics (RRR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.23–1.35). Residents of Regency had lower odds of visiting community health centers than city residents (RRR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.44–0.47). These findings indicate that administrative and demographic characteristics have a significant impact on dental care utilization under JKN. Healthcare providers, particularly private clinics and dental practices, should develop value-based strategies centered on service quality and long-term patient relationships. Policymakers may consider capitation adjustments to support quality improvements.
Determinants of E-Cigarette Use Among Smokers in Indonesia: An Analysis of Riskesdas and Susenas 2018
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 16 No. 3 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (JIKM)
Publisher : Association of Public Health Scholars based in Faculty of Public Health, Sriwijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26553/jikm.2025.16.3.342-353

Abstract

The increasing popularity of e-cigarettes has emerged as a major public health concern in Indonesia, particularly among youth. This study aimed to identify the determinants of e-cigarette use among Indonesian smokers. A secondary data analysis was conducted using the 2018 Basic Health Research Survey (Riset Kesehatan Dasar, RISKESDAS) and National Socioeconomic Survey (Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional, SUSENAS), both cross-sectional national surveys. The sample included 222,373 smokers aged over 10 years selected through total sampling. Variables analyzed comprised socio-demographic and socio-economic factors, alcohol consumption, presence of smoking among family members, and indoor smoking behavior. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify significant determinant. The prevalence of e-cigarette use among smokers was 2.6%. Significant determinants included age (AOR=16.3; 95% CI=13.6–19.5), education (AOR=1.7; 95% CI=1.5–1.9), employment (AOR=1.4; 95% CI=1.2–1.6), alcohol consumption (AOR=2.1; 95% CI=1.9–2.4), socio-economic status (AOR=1.9; 95% CI=1.6–2.2), smoking among family members (AOR=1.3; 95% CI=1.1–1.6), and indoor smoking (AOR=0.8; 95% CI=0.7–0.9), while gender was not significant. Younger and wealthier smokers were more likely to use e-cigarettes, highlighting the need for targeted regulation and stricter control of advertising, promotion, and access among youth populations.
Socio-Demographic, Dietary and Lifestyle Determinants of Central Obesity Among Adults in Java, Indonesia
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 16 No. 3 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (JIKM)
Publisher : Association of Public Health Scholars based in Faculty of Public Health, Sriwijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26553/jikm.2025.16.3.367-382

Abstract

Central obesity, with a global prevalence of 41.5%, is an escalating public health issue, particularly in developing countries such as Indonesia. Unhealthy diets and sedentary lifestyles contribute to energy imbalance and excessive fat accumulation. Few comprehensive studies have simultaneously examined the associations between socio-demographic, unhealthy dietary, and lifestyle factors with central obesity among the productive-age population in Java. This study aimed to identify the determinants of central obesity in this population. A cross-sectional design employed using secondary data from the 2023 Indonesia Health Survey (SKI). The study was conducted from February to June 2025 at the Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia. Data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariable methods with complex sample analysis. The results showed that the prevalence of central obesity was 37.9%. Determinants that increase the risk of central obesity include older age (35-64 years) (AOR=2.034, 95%CI=1.955-2.116), female (AOR=4.257; 95%CI=4.038-4.488), higher education (AOR=1.313, 95%CI=1.268-1.361), employed (AOR=1.069, 95%CI=1.029-1.112), married (AOR=2.123, 95%CI=2.032-2.217), resided in urban areas (AOR=1.459, 95%CI=1.392-1.528), consumed fatty foods ≥1x/day (AOR=1.09, 95%CI=1.012-1.174), processed & preserved foods ≥1x/day (AOR=1.109, 95%CI=1.027-1.198), seasonings ≥1x/day (AOR=1.082, 95%CI=1.002-1.169), low (AOR=1.272, 95%CI=1.181-1.371) and moderate (AOR=1.216, 95%CI=1.137-1.301) physical activity. Meanwhile, several other significant factors, such as consumed sugary drinks, salty foods, and instant foods ≥1 time/day and 1–6 times/week, no daily fruit and vegetable intake, also smoking history, were found to be protective against central obesity. These results highlight the complexity of dietary and lifestyle influences on central obesity. Targeted interventions are needed for high-risk groups, and future longitudinal studies are recommended to establish better causal relationships.
Implementation of Tuberculosis Financing Policies: A Case Study of Solok District, Indonesia
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 16 No. 3 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (JIKM)
Publisher : Association of Public Health Scholars based in Faculty of Public Health, Sriwijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26553/jikm.2025.16.3.383-398

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health priority aligned with the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, financing challenges persist in many districts and cities across Indonesia, including West Sumatra Province. Funding for TB programs still relies heavily on external sources, particularly the Global Fund (GF), while local health budgets remain minimal, covering only 0.05–0.1% of total health expenditures. This study aimed to identify the key problems in TB financing policies at the district level. A descriptive qualitative design with a case study approach was employed, involving seven informants from the District Health Office and two community health centers (puskesmas) with the highest TB cases, selected through purposive sampling. Findings revealed that limited and fragmented financing has hindered the implementation of TB services and the achievement of Minimum Service Standards for TB suspect management. Contributing factors include a shortage of skilled human resources for recording and reporting, inadequate infrastructure, and insufficient operational funds across programs. These constraints have reduced the quality and coverage of TB examination and treatment services. Weak local government commitment to prioritizing TB programs has further slowed progress toward achieving national targets as set by Presidential Regulation No. 67 of 2021, which aims to reduce TB mortality to 6 per 100,000 and incidence to 65 per 100,000 by 2030. To strengthen policy implementation, the District Health Office must establish and ratify standardized TB referral flows and ensure adequate budget allocations. Furthermore, these financing standards and guidelines need to be effectively disseminated across the entire community health center network.  
Risk Factors for Scabies Among Inmates: A Case-Control Study in North Sumatra
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 16 No. 3 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (JIKM)
Publisher : Association of Public Health Scholars based in Faculty of Public Health, Sriwijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26553/jikm.2025.16.3.399-410

Abstract

Poor environmental sanitation in correctional facilities contributes to the spread of infectious diseases, especially in crowded conditions. Scabies is generally associated with inadequate personal hygiene and overcrowding. This study aims to examine the relationship between inmates' knowledge, attitudes, and personal hygiene practices with the incidence of scabies in Tanjung Balai Class II B Correctional Institution, North Sumatra. This quantitative case-control study was conducted from February to March 2025. This study involved 160 inmates, consisting of 80 individuals with scabies (cases) and 80 individuals without (controls). Data were analyzed using statistical tests for bivariate tests using the chi-square test to assess the relationship between variables and the test used for multivariate tests using multiple linear regression. This study found a significant association between scabies incidence and knowledge (p-value = 0.000, OR = 3.869), attitude (p-value = 0.000, OR = 3.869), and personal hygiene (p-value = 0.000, OR = 23.222), indicating that inmates with lower knowledge, negative attitudes, and poor hygiene practices were more likely to experience scabies. The results of the logistic regression test showed that the most influential variable was personal hygiene (AOR = 17.58; 95% CI = 4.99–61.94; p < 0.001). These findings suggest that improving inmates' knowledge, attitudes, and personal hygiene practices can reduce the incidence of scabies. It is recommended that medical personnel in correctional institutions provide targeted education to inmates regarding scabies prevention, with a focus on improving knowledge, attitudes, and personal hygiene practices.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Nurses: A Systematic Literature Review
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 16 No. 3 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (JIKM)
Publisher : Association of Public Health Scholars based in Faculty of Public Health, Sriwijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26553/jikm.2025.16.3.316-327

Abstract

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are considered a leading cause of occupational disability worldwide, especially among nurses who have a high risk due to heavy workloads and repetitive manual handling of materials. This systematic review synthesizes recent evidence (2015–2024) regarding the prevalence, risk factors, and assessment methods of MSDs among nurses. Based on PRISMA 2020 guidelines, studies published between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2024 were searched in Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. Two independent reviewers screened and assessed methodological quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) checklist. Ten studies from eight countries met the inclusion criteria. Data were synthesized narratively, supported by quantitative summaries of prevalence and risk factors. The prevalence of MSDs among nurses ranged from 31.6% to 97.3%, with the main effects on the lower back, neck, and shoulders. Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), Nordic Body Map (NBM), and Quick Exposure Check (QEC) were applied as the assessment tools. Major risk factors included awkward posture, prolonged standing, high workload, and psychosocial stressors. The overall CASP scores ranged from 11 to 21, which indicated moderate to good study quality. MSDs remained a critical occupational health issue among nurses globally. Implementation of ergonomic interventions, workload management, and ongoing occupational health surveillance were the key strategies to reduce injury burden and improve workforce sustainability.
Unveiling Diabetes Risk Factors and Screening Deficits in Majalengka Indonesian Pilgrims
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 16 No. 3 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (JIKM)
Publisher : Association of Public Health Scholars based in Faculty of Public Health, Sriwijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26553/jikm.2025.16.3.423-438

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) poses significant health risks for hajj pilgrims due to physical stress, environmental exposure, and limited access to acute care during pilgrimage. In Indonesia, DM prevalence among prospective pilgrims is rising, yet empirical evidence on its predictors remains limited. This study aimed to identify demographic and clinical predictors of DM among hajj pilgrims from Majalengka District, West Java, using data from the 2024 Integrated Hajj Computerised System for Health Sector. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 1,140 pilgrims undergoing istithaah health screening. Variables included age, gender, BMI, abdominal obesity, blood pressure, lipid profiles, and family medical history. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and multivariate logistic regression were employed to examine associations with DM status. Older age (40–60 and >60 years), abdominal obesity, elevated triglyceride levels, and a family history of diabetes were significantly associated with increased odds of DM. In contrast, BMI and gender were not statistically significant predictors. Pilgrims who met the istithaah criteria had significantly lower prevalence of DM, supporting the effectiveness of current screening measures. However, gaps in consistent implementation remain. This study underscores the need to strengthen metabolic risk assessments in pre-hajj screenings by incorporating abdominal obesity and lipid profile measurements alongside conventional indicators. The findings support policy refinement in the istithaah process, including standardisation across districts and enhanced digital integration through Siskohatkes. These improvements are vital to safeguard pilgrims’ health and advance non-communicable disease prevention in Indonesia.

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