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JURNAL SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI INDONESIA

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Search results for , issue "Vol. 14 No. 2 (2012)" : 12 Documents clear

RANCANG BANGUN PERANGKAT EKSPERIMENTASI PROSES PIROLISIS BIOMASA GELOMBANG MIKRO fachrizal, Noor
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Biomass such as agriculture waste and urban waste are enormous potency as energy resources instead of enviromental problem. organic waste can be converted into energy in the form of liquid fuel, solid, and syngas by using of pyrolysis technique. Pyrolysis process can yield higher liquid form when the process can be drifted into fast and flash response. It can be solved by using microwave heating method. This research is started from developing an experimentation laboratory apparatus of microwave-assisted pyrolysis of biomass energy conversion system, and conducting preliminary experiments for gaining the proof that this method can be established for driving the process properly and safely. Modifying commercial oven into laboratory apparatus has been done, it works safely, and initial experiments have been carried out, process yields bio-oil and charcoal shortly, several parameters are achieved. Some further experiments are still needed for more detail parameters. Theresults may be used to design small-scale continuous model of productionsystem, which then can be developed into large-scale model that applicable for comercial use.

PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA HIBRID SEBAGAI SOLUSI KELISTRIKAN DI DAERAH TERPENCIL nurrohim, agus
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

In order to meet electricity demand, the role of Diesel Power Generation (PLTD) in parts of Indonesia is still very large. Currently, 34.30% of electricity demand in outside of Java-Bali system was supplied by the PLTD. Especially for the Eastern Indonesia (Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, and Papua), nearly 100% of its electricity comes from PLTD. For the next 10 years, the government planning through PT. PLN will install 252 MW of PLTD in Eastern Indonesia and 73 MW in Western Indonesia. Due to the increasing of oil prices in the world will directly increase the oil prices in Indonesia, so that the electricity generating cost from PLTD would alsoincrease. To reduce fuel consumption without reducing the service to the consumer, the construction of Diesel Power Generation should be integrated with renewable energy, like Solar Power and Wind Power to form the Hybrid Power Generation. By the Hybrid Power Generation, energy management can be controlled, so the using of diesel fuel can be more efficient. By applying of Solar Power and Wind Power in a quarter of the capacity of PLTD, the consumption of fuel could be reduced by 152million liters up to 2019, or an average of 15.2 million liters per year.

PENGKAJIAN BEBERAPA ALGORITMA UNTUK MENGEVALUASI DAN MENGHITUNG LOSSES ENERGI PADA SISTEM DISTRIBUSI TENAGA LISTRIK hilal, hamzah
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

This paper presents an assessment of some algorithms to evaluate and costing energy losses in electrical power distribution systems. The algorithms had considered the accuracy and computational speed as variables. A simplified feeder serving large residensial and industrial loads is used to test the algoritms, and the results for each algorithm are compared.

PRAKIRAAN KEBUTUHAN ENERGI UNTUK KENDARAAN BERMOTOR DI PERKOTAAN: ASPEK PEMODELAN Sugiyono, Agus
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

The transportation sector is an important sector to support the national development. As most of the energy demand in the transportation sector is used for motor vehicles in the road transportation, estimating the energy demand for motor vehicles is an important task in energy management. One of the method to predict the energy demand for motor vehicles is based ontwo main parameters, i.e. the intensity and activities of energy utilization. While the activity reflected growth in the number of motor vehicles and the mileage per unit vehicle for a certain time. By knowing the energy demand forecasts for the motor vehicle, the opportunities to increase energy efficiency can be analyzed by switching transportation mode.

PENENTUAN DAYA MAKSIMUM PHOTOVOLTAIK DENGAN METODE GROUP hadi, harsono
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

The maximum power point (MPP) is equivalent to maximum IxV at the I-V curve under G and T conditions. Characteristic and performance of the solar cell, module photovoltaic and solar generator of the photovoltaic system is possible to be evaluated through the MPP. The relationship among model, parameters and constants are expressed by a mathematical model of the exponential equation. Calculation of the MPP value at the intensity irradiation (G) and the cell temperature (T), the maximum voltage (Vmax) are fixed firstly by the current output equal to zero. The voltage output (Vout) is slowly dropped step by step (V=Vmax – n DV, where n = 1, 2, 3, . . . . m) and the current output (I) is founded. The MPPn (Iout x Vout) must be compared to the previous value of the MPPn-1 or MPPn – MPPn-1 ³ 0 Calculating process: the current-voltage (I-V) output, the MPP value is relative complicated and involves measured datum at the various irradiation and cell temperature. To simplifythe calculation of the MPP and I-V output, the group method is used to allocate the each datum [ Gn,Tn, In(In1, In2, In3, . . . Inm), Vn(Vn1, Vn2, Vn3, . . . Vnm), MPPn, Qn, Hn, . . . etc] in its dimensions [ {G1, G2,G3, . . . .Gn}, {T1, T2, T3, . . . .Tn}, {I1, I2, I3, . . . .In}, {V1, V2, V3, . . . .Vn}, {MPP1, MPP2, MPP3, . . ..MPPn}, {Q1, Q2, Q3, . . . .Qn},etc ].

PERFORMANCE TEST OF GAS TURBINE PART OF THE COMBINED CYCLE Aziz, Amiral
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Tulisan ini menampilkan beberapa hasil pengujian parameter turbin gas daripembangkit listrik tenaga gas dan uap (PLTGU) ”Tanjung Priok Gas Fired Power Plant Extension Project (740 MW)”. Dari pengujian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa untuk power turbin gas 184 MW, konsumsi bahan bakar adalah 51.6 m3/h dengan komposisi gas buang adalah CO2 adalah 0.4 % volume, SO2 adalah1.1 ppm, NOx adalah 1.4 ppm dimana harga ini masih dalam batas-batas yang dipersyaratkan secara teknis. Getaran tertinggi terjadi pada bantalan no 2 yakni sebesar 56 um pada arah x dan 54 um pada arah y.

PENGUJIAN KINERJA PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA SURYA djamin, martin
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

In order to investigate the behavior of the solar home systems, 10 data loggers have been installed in three different villages in Kolaka district in Southeast Sulawesi in March 2001. The solar home systems installed in Kolaka consists of a 50 Wp Solarex MSX 50 modules, 70 Ah battery, 10A/12volt battery charge regulator (BCR) and three 6W fluorescent lights. This paper will present and elaborate the performance of solar home systems, which includes Vbattery, VLoad, ILoad, Imodule and comparison between theoretical calculation and field measurement. Results of monitoring nine solar home systems in Kolaka district in Indonesia are presented. Data logger information shows typical load patterns, and differences between users. The information allows for break-down of a number of different energy loss categories. Some of these losses can be reduced by the user.

ANALISIS HASIL PENGUKURAN KUALITAS DAYA ENERGI LISTRIK PADA INDUSTRI TEKSTIL Hasan, Achmad
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Primary energy used in the production process of PT. Textile Industries is the electric energy and thermal energy. The electrical energy supplied by PT. PLN (Persero) with contractual power of 5540 kVA, and has 5 units with a capacity of 2500 kVA transformer (1 unit), 2,000 kVA (2 units), and 1,250 kVA (2 units). From the analysis of several potential energy saving electrical system supply side can be recorded as follows: An unbalanced load can result in decreased system efficiency by 2%. Optimizing the performance of the capacitor bank regulators so that the work factor to achieve an optimum value (0.9). Losses incurred due to the low power factor can be calculated based on the following approaches: Losses = [1 -{pflow/pfhigh}2] x 100%. Losses in the transformer-1 (2000 kVA) is 479.8 kW, transformer-3 (2000 kVA) is 834.2 kW, transformer-4 (1250 kVA) is 521.4 kW, and transformer-5 (1250 kVA) is 125 kW. Current THD (total harmonic distortion) reduction to < 5%. Replacement tranformator so in accordance with the optimum loading and maximum efficiency from 9000 kVA to 6660 kVA. This replacement will reduce losses as high as zero load is usually equal to 3%.

RISIKO KONSTRUKSI PADA PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK KONVENSIONAL, SEBAGAI MASUKAN UNTUK KONSTRUKSI PLTN PERTAMA DI INDONESIA dewi, dharu
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

In general, Construction Risks of the Conventional Power Plants are almost the same with the Construction Risks at the Nuclear Power Plant (NPP). Construction Risks Experience in the Conventional Power Plant can be used as a lesson learned for Construction of the Nuclear Power Plant. This study method covers the survey, the relevant publication and empiric assessment on the real project risk implementation. The input data have been provided from experiences in conventional power plant. Hence, project risks must be control to make sure that construction activities in accordance to agreed shedule and free from cost overruns. This study can be expected will provide a valuable input to project risks of Construction of the NPP. It is concluded that the risk management can be carried out by risk identification, and implement the selected technique or strategyfor reduction of risk, transfer of risk and retention of risk to anticipate the all risks which is take place at the construction. Risk management system must be carried out by well in order to risk can be minimized.

POTENSI DAN PERANAN PLTS SEBAGAI ENERGI ALTERNATIF MASA DEPAN DI INDONESIA Boedoyo, Mohamad Sidik
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

The success of national development will not be separated from the role of energy supply as a supporting facilitiy, as well as electricity. Given the potential of oil and gas energy are depleted, while coal which is abundant potential reserve but could bring a negative impact to the environment, the development of renewable energy resources for power generation is solution to achieve the national energy security. The utilization potential of solar power for electricity generation is a promising alternative, because a clean environment, unlimited resources and is available throughout the country. The tendency of diminishing the photovoltaic electricity generation cost as well as a variety of its applications to become a positive effect in the development of photovoltaic electricity generation. Integration of PLTS into the National Electrical system will require its own development strategy.

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