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Academia Open
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27147444     DOI : 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12985
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Academia Open is published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo published 2 (two) issues per year (June and December). This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. This journal aims is to provide a place for academics and practitioners to publish original research and review articles. The articles basically contains any topics research or review. Academia Open is available in online version. Language used in this journal is Indonesia or English.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,389 Documents
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Adipokines Identify Crucial Biomarkers for Hypertension in Iraq: Adipokin Mengidentifikasi Biomarker Penting untuk Hipertensi di Irak Zainab F. Salbookhh; Usama H. Ramadhan; Gibran K. Hassan
Academia Open Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.8961

Abstract

Adipokines, which are generated by adipose tissue, are biologically active compounds that function similarly to traditional hormones. These proteins are involved in cellular signaling and control or modify several biological processes in target organs such as the brain, liver, muscles, heart, blood vessels, pancreas, and immune system. Adipokines can be incorporated into new diagnostic approaches as biological indicators of different metabolic, inflammatory, and cardiovascular conditions. The study was conducted at Al-Basrah Teaching Hospital on hypertensive patients between December 2022 and March 2023. This study included a sample of fifty-three patients with hypertension, whose ages ranged from 30 to 60 years. The features of these patients were compared to the same variables in a group of fifty-three healthy volunteers aged 30 to 40 years. This study aimed to identify the most significant alterations in serum apelin, spexin, and serum electrolyte levels (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and chloride) in patients solely diagnosed with hypertension. The analysis involved a statistical examination of the variables. The hypertension group had lower apelin and higher spexin levels than the control group. Additionally, each group had normal electrolyte levels (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride). The control group had somewhat higher potassium, calcium, and chloride levels than the hypertension group. The concentration of apelin does not influence sodium, calcium, magnesium, or chloride. Negative potassium correlation for apelin. However, spexin concentration does not impact sodium, potassium, calcium, or magnesium. Spexin concentrations are negatively correlated with apelin and chloride concentrations. Highlight: Adipokines Role: Adipokines are key in cellular signaling affecting multiple organs. Study Findings: Hypertensive patients showed lower apelin and higher spexin levels. Serum Electrolyte Levels: normal in both groups, with minor differences in potassium, calcium, and chloride. Keywoard: Adipokines, Hypertension, Apelin, Spexin, Electrolytes
Nano Quercetin Accelerates Wound Healing in Laboratory Mice: Nano Quercetin Mempercepat Penyembuhan Luka pada Tikus Laboratorium Rasha Ali Salman; Amer Talib Tawfeeq; Mohanad W. Mahdi Alzubaidy
Academia Open Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.8979

Abstract

This study explores the use of Curecetin nanoparticles, synthesized and characterized through X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and measured using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with sizes ranging from 13.40 to 44.66 nm. We conducted in vivo experiments on laboratory animals, applying nanoparticle doses of 10 mg, 50 mg, and 100 mg to 30 mm wounds. Skin wounds pose significant medical challenges due to potential complications like rupture and delayed healing. Results indicated that Curecetin nanoparticles significantly accelerated wound healing, with wound size reduction observed as early as the second day and substantial healing by the eighth day, suggesting the potential of nanoparticles in therapeutic applications for skin wounds. Highlights: Precise Characterization: Curecetin nanoparticles were precisely synthesized and characterized using XRD, FTIR, and SEM. Rapid Healing: The study showed that Curecetin nanoparticles significantly accelerated wound healing in laboratory animals. Clinical Potential: Results indicate a promising future for nanoparticle applications in treating skin wounds clinically. Keywords: Nanoparticles, Curecetin, Wound Healing, Nanotechnology, Organism
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Musculoskeletal Complaints Among Clinical Healthcare Workers: Prevalensi dan Faktor Risiko Keluhan Muskuloskeletal di Kalangan Pekerja Kesehatan Klinis Mohamad A. Akber
Academia Open Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.8991

Abstract

This study investigated the prevalence and risk factors of musculoskeletal complaints among health workers in clinical wards, examining the relationship between these complaints and various work-related and personal variables. Conducted between December 2022 and April 2023, this descriptive study utilized a non-probability, voluntary sample of 100 health workers. Results indicated that 26% of participants reported lower back pain, 49% arm or neck complaints, 44% regular back pain, and 51% leg complaints. Key risk factors included extended work hours without breaks (67%), time pressure (33%), lifting (45%), and stooping (54%). Despite high medium-risk exposure (85%), no participants reported high-risk levels. This study highlights the significant burden of WMSDs among clinical healthcare workers and underscores the need for interventions to reduce duce these risks and improve occupational health. Highlight: Prevalence: A significant portion of healthcare workers reported musculoskeletal complaints, with 51% experiencing leg pain and 49% arm or neck pain. Risk Factors: Key risk factors identified include prolonged work hours without breaks (67%), time pressure (33%), lifting (45%), and stooping (54%). Implications: The study underscores the need for targeted interventions to mitigate WMSDs and improve the occupational health of clinical healthcare workers. Keywords: Musculoskeletal Disorders, Healthcare Workers, Risk Factors, Occupational Health, Clinical Wards
Unmasking Hidden Threats Global Spread of MBL Resistance Exposed: Membuka Kedok Ancaman Tersembunyi Penyebaran Global Resistensi MBL yang Terekspos Ali Hussain Anaid Taaban; Muntadhar Shakir Neama Ali; Sura Haidar Mutashar Azgair Azgair; Fatima Muzahim Qasim
Academia Open Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.8994

Abstract

This study aims to establish a routine monitoring system for MBL enzymes to provide timely data to healthcare professionals and policy makers, enabling informed decision making on antibiotic use and resistance management. Using a combination of molecular biology techniques and data analysis, we monitor MBL activity in various institutional settings. The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is a significant threat to public health globally. Metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL), an enzyme that confers resistance to a wide range of beta-lactam antibiotics, is particularly concerning due to its ability to spread rapidly in healthcare and community settings. Despite the importance of this issue, systematic monitoring and understanding of MBL remains inadequate. Our findings reveal a significant, previously unreported presence of MBLs, underscoring the urgent need for targeted antibiotic stewardship programs. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of integrating enzyme monitoring into standard healthcare practices to reduce the spread of MDR bacteria. Highlights: Regular Monitoring: Essential for tracking MBL enzyme prevalence and guiding antibiotic use. Advanced Techniques: Molecular biology methods enhance MBL detection and analysis. Policy Integration: Crucial for implementing enzyme monitoring in healthcare to combat MDR bacteria spread. Keywords: MBL Enzymes, Antibiotic Resistance, Healthcare Monitoring, Molecular Biology, Stewardship Programs
Elevated CRP and IL6 Levels Predict Severe Cardiovascular Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients: Peningkatan Kadar CRP dan IL6 Memprediksi Hasil Kardiovaskular yang Parah pada Pasien COVID-19 Ali Abdel Moneim Mohammed Hussain Al Khuzaie; Enas Abdul Kareem Jabbar; Bushra Jabbar Albadry
Academia Open Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.8996

Abstract

This study explores the association between C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels and cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 patients. Utilizing an ELISA kit for IL-6 and standard tests for CRP, we analyzed 192 samples, finding higher infection rates among the 50-69 age group, with significant prevalence of morbid obesity. Results showed a strong correlation between elevated CRP and IL-6 levels and the severity of cardiovascular complications, particularly in critical cases. These findings suggest that monitoring these biomarkers could be crucial for early intervention and managing cardiovascular risks in COVID-19 patients, potentially improving patient outcomes in clinical settings. Highlights: Biomarker Correlation: Elevated CRP and IL-6 levels are linked to severe cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 patients. Risk Management: Monitoring these biomarkers helps in early intervention and managing cardiovascular risks. Demographic Insights: The highest infection and complication rates are among the 50-69 age group with significant obesity. Keywords: COVID-19, Cardiovascular Complications, CRP, IL-6, Biomarker Monitoring
Nurses in Iraq Show Alarmingly Low Infection Control Adherence: Perawat di Irak Tunjukkan Kepatuhan Pengendalian Infeksi yang Mengkhawatirkan Alyaa H. Ali
Academia Open Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.8999

Abstract

This study assesses nurses' adherence to standard precautions and infection management at the Republican Hospital in Basrah through a descriptive cross-sectional survey of 50 nurses, using a WHO-guideline-based questionnaire. The results indicate poor practice among 86% of nurses, with significant differences in adherence across age groups and workplace settings. The findings highlight the necessity for regular, targeted education to improve infection control practices, thus enhancing patient safety and care quality. Highlights: High Non-Adherence: 86% of nurses show poor infection control practices. Demographic Differences: Age, workplace impact standard precaution adherence. Need for Education: Targeted training essential to enhance safety. Keywords: Nurses’ Commitment, Health Guidelines, Infection Control, Standard Precautions, Healthcare Safety
Corn Starch Concentration and Thickener Type in Edible Film: Konsentrasi Tepung Jagung dan Jenis Pengental dalam Film Makanan Vandha Nita; Lukman Hudi
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.9023

Abstract

General Background: Edible films are biodegradable packaging materials that serve as protective barriers against moisture, gases, and solutes while maintaining food quality and safety. Specific Background: Corn starch (Zea mays L.) is a hydrophilic biopolymer capable of forming films, and its combination with hydrocolloid thickeners such as pectin, carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC), and carrageenan may alter physical, chemical, and sensory characteristics. Knowledge Gap: Limited empirical data exist regarding the combined role of corn starch concentration and thickener type in determining comprehensive edible film properties. Aims: This study aimed to determine how varying corn starch concentrations  and thickener types influence edible film characteristics using a factorial randomized complete block design. Results: The optimal formulation consisted of 2% corn starch with CMC, yielding solubility of 6.99%, thickness of 0.20 mm, texture of 50.66 N, lightness of 79.64, redness  of 1.43, yellowness  of 0.68, reducing sugar of 1.98%, moisture content of 14.54%, and neutral-to-like sensory scores for aroma, color, texture, and flavor.Novelty: The study provides a comparative evaluation of multiple hydrocolloid thickeners combined with graded corn starch levels  Implications: These findings support the selection of suitable starch–hydrocolloid formulations for developing biodegradable edible packaging with acceptable functional and sensory qualities. Highlights: The formulation using 2% starch with CMC produced the most favorable overall quality metrics. Moisture content, reducing sugar, and selected color attributes differed significantly across treatments. Sensory evaluation indicated neutral-to-positive acceptance for aroma, color, texture, and flavor. Keywords:Edible Film; Corn Starch; Hydrocolloid Thickener; Biodegradable Packaging; Physicochemical Properties
High Appendicitis Incidence in Young Adults Calls for Routine Histological Examination: Tingginya Insiden Usus Buntu pada Orang Dewasa Muda Memerlukan Pemeriksaan Histologi Rutin Zainab Khairullah Aouda; Ahmed Aziz Ahmed; Dmoaa Majid Nasar
Academia Open Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.9035

Abstract

This study explores the histopathological changes associated with appendicitis in appendicectomy specimens from Nasiriyah General Hospital. Employing a retrospective analysis on twenty specimens, it aims to underscore the importance of routine histological examinations. Findings reveal that all specimens were afflicted with appendicitis, featuring notable occurrences of mucosal glandular hyperplasia (43%), mucosal and submucosal layer necrosis (42%), and severe inflammatory cell infiltration (71%). These results highlight the necessity of comprehensive histological assessments in appendicectomy specimens to enhance diagnostic accuracy and improve patient management, particularly among adolescents and young adults. Highlights: All specimens confirmed appendicitis with significant alterations. Routine histological exams critical for accurate diagnosis. Enhanced scrutiny improves adolescent, young adult treatment. Keywords: Appendicitis, Histopathological Changes, Appendicectomy, Histological Examination, Adolescents
Positioning Preterm Newborns for Cardiorespiratory Stability A Global Insight: Memposisikan Bayi Baru Lahir Prematur untuk Stabilitas Kardiovaskuler Sebuah Wawasan Global Haneen Abdul Hussein Shamkhi; Adraa Hussein Shawq
Academia Open Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.9063

Abstract

This study assessed the effects of supine, prone, and right lateral positioning on the cardiorespiratory indicators of preterm newborns using a randomized controlled trial with 60 participants. Measurements of heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation were taken before and after the application of these positions over three days. Results indicated significant improvements in all cardiorespiratory parameters in the intervention groups (p = 0.000), while the control group showed no significant changes. The findings suggest that strategic positioning can be an effective part of developmental care in neonatal intensive care units, enhancing the stabilization of vital functions in preterm newborns. Highlights: Strategic Positioning: Enhances cardiorespiratory stability in preterm newborns. Methodological Rigor: Employs a robust randomized controlled trial. Practical Implications: Recommends routine NICU positioning strategies. Keywords: Preterm Newborns, Cardiorespiratory Stabilization, NICU, Positioning Strategies, Randomized Controlled Trial.
Hyperglycemia and Cholesterol Surge in Iraqi Diabetic Patients: Hiperglikemia dan Lonjakan Kolesterol pada Pasien Diabetes di Irak Afak Rasheed Salman Zaidi; Ali abbas Ali
Academia Open Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.9087

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus, a metabolic disorder characterized by abnormal hyperglycemia, often correlates with dyslipidemia. This study examined the relationship between random blood sugar (RBS) levels and cholesterol types (HDL, LDL, and total cholesterol) in 350 patients from Diyala, collected between February and April 2023. Results showed higher blood sugar levels in females (22.3%) than males (19.7%) among the elderly (≥60 years). Type 2 diabetes was more prevalent than type 1 (77% vs. 5.4%). Cholesterol levels were elevated in 26% of patients. RBS was high in 82% of patients, and 49% had elevated total cholesterol. Both age groups 41-60 and ≥60 had high hyperglycemia incidence (32%), with higher prevalence in females (40.6%) compared to males (35.7%). These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to manage blood sugar and cholesterol levels. Highlights: Prevalence: Type 2 diabetes is significantly more common than type 1 among patients in Diyala. Gender Disparity: Females exhibit higher blood sugar and cholesterol levels compared to males. Age Impact: Elevated blood sugar is prevalent in both middle-aged and elderly populations, necessitating targeted interventions. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Hyperglycemia, Cholesterol, Insulin Resistance, Dyslipidemia

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