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African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Published by Lembaga Yasin Alsys
ISSN : -     EISSN : 15957969     DOI : https://doi.org/10.58578/AMJSAI
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence aims to publish high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship that advances scientific knowledge and fosters multidisciplinary integration across the sciences, engineering, health, agriculture, environmental studies, and artificial intelligence. • Scientific Advancement: disseminate rigorous empirical, experimental, analytical, and computational studies across core and applied scientific fields. • Artificial Intelligence Integration: encourage responsible and evidence-based use of AI in scientific discovery, modeling, prediction, diagnosis, and optimization. • Multidisciplinary Convergence: promote studies that connect multiple scientific domains to address complex technical, environmental, biological, and societal challenges. • Innovation and Application: support research that translates scientific and technological knowledge into usable solutions, systems, products, or interventions. Submissions should clearly formulate the research problem, report methods transparently, present defensible evidence, and articulate a well-defined contribution to scientific knowledge and/or multidisciplinary application.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 111 Documents
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Effect of Box-Cox Transformation on a k-th Weighted Moving Average Processes for Time Series Emwinloghosa Kenneth Guobadia; Kenneth Kevin Uadiale
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v1i1.3755

Abstract

In this paper, we examine, if the effect of transformation leads to improvement of model performance in time series modeling. The class of transformations that was considered is the Box-Cox family of transformation on the k-th weighted moving average (k-th WMA) model and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model from a given nonstationary economic realization time series data. A real nonstationary economic time series data was used to demonstrate this procedure. The nonstationary time series data can be transformed to stationary data using the process of differencing alongside with Box-Cox transformation. The ARIMA model is fitted to the transformed data using the techniques of Box-Jenkins, where the best ARIMA is selected among the competing ARIMA models using Akaike information corrected criterian (AICc) while the best k-th WMA is selected among the competing models using some eval_uation metrics such as root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE). Finally, the optimal model is selected between ARIMA model and k-th WMA using the RMSE and MAE. Our findings are that the transformed k-th WMA models outperformed the classical ARIMA models for the set of Box-Cox transformation parameters considered for the data used.
Mathematical Modeling of Security Forces – Insurgent Dynamics in Nigeria Akpienbi Isaac O; Ibrahim Isa Adamu
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 1 No 2 (2024): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v1i2.3798

Abstract

In this study, a mathematical model of the dynamics of the interaction between Nigerian security forces and armed groups was developed. This model is based on demographic principles. When developing the model, the dynamics were conceptualized and structured along with the dynamics of predators and prey. The model developed was an analysis based on the Routh-Hurtwiz standard. The equilibrium points of the model were determined and their stability analysis was performed. The equilibrium factor is domestically asymptotically stable. In addition, we conducted numerical experiments to simulate the solution of the model. This study suggests that security agencies should be proactive in their response and improve their intelligence, peace building and weapons skills in combat conflicts in order to motivate security forces. Strengthen security forces and rehabilitation centers and improve rehabilitation programs for society as a whole.
An Efficient Non-Linear Estimator for Estimating the Finite Population Distribution Function under Simple Random Sampling Design Adam Rabiu; Ahmed Audu; Ibrahim Abubakar
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 1 No 2 (2024): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v1i2.3799

Abstract

The main purpose of this paper is to propose an efficient non-linear estimator for estimating the population distribution function under Simple Random Sampling (SRS). The properties (Bias and Mean Square Error (MSE)) of the suggested estimator are obtained up to the first-order approximation using Taylor’s series expansion approach. The performance of the proposed estimator over some existing estimators is theoretically compared and efficiency conditions under which the proposed estimator outperforms existing estimators were obtained. The theoretical findings are supported numerically by empirical studies using five different population data sets and the result shows that the proposed estimator performed better than the existing estimators considered in the literature.
Telfairia occidentalis Ameliorates Streptozotocin-induced Testicular Oxidative stress by Restoring Endogenous Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and Inhibiting Apoptosis, and Pro-inflammatory cytokines Ujong Peter Ujong; Edward Emuru Odey
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 1 No 2 (2024): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v1i2.3800

Abstract

The study investigated the protective role of Telfairia occidentalis (TO) against Streptozotocin-induced testicular damage in male Wistar rats, by observing the levels of prooxidants, endogenous antioxidant enzymes inflammatory biomarkers, as well as apoptotic proteins. Thirty-five animals were used for this study and shared into five groups of seven animals each. Group 1 (normal control) received distilled water throughout the experiment. Groups 2-5 received 10% fructose ad libitum for 14 days followed by a single injection of 40 mg/kg body weight streptozotocin, intraperitoneally. After confirmation of diabetes mellitus, group 2 rats received 0.5ml distilled water, group 3 received TO (200 mg/kg body weight), group 4 received TO (300 mg/kg body weight) and group 5 received Metformin (300 mg/kg body weight). All treatments lasted for 28 days, followed by the sacrifice of all experimental animals and the harvest of their testes for biochemical analyses. Results revealed that streptozotocin administration decreased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes SOD, GSH, GST, GPx, CAT while elevating MDA levels in groups 2-5 animals when compared with group 1. Treatment with TO showed increased activities of antioxidant enzymes and reduced MDA levels. Furthermore, streptozotocin administration increased the levels of the inflammatory biomarkers MPO, IL-1β, TNF-α, iNOS, COX-2, and the apoptotic protein, caspase-3 in groups 2-5 animals when compared with group 1. However, these elevations were reversed by the administration of TO. In conclusion, Telfairia occidentalis demonstrates significant protective effects on the antioxidant status and inhibits oxidative stress markers, and inflammatory cytokines in the testes of diabetic rats. This indicates its potential therapeutic value in mitigating diabetes-related testicular complications through the modulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways.
The Weibull-Exponentiated Exponential Cure Fraction Model for Right Censored Survival Data with Applications to Cancer Data Aliyu Yakubu; Naziru Isah Muhammad; Jamilu Yunusa Falgore; Adam Rabiu
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 1 No 2 (2024): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v1i2.3855

Abstract

The cure fraction model also known as the long-term survival model is used in fitting data from a population with two different types of individuals: individuals who experienced the event of interest (susceptible) and individuals who will never experience the event of interest (non-susceptible). The present paper introduced a cure fraction model considering the Weibull exponentiated exponential distribution that will be used in modeling such type of information. The parameters of the model were estimated via the maximum likelihood procedure (MLE) under the assumption of right censoring. Furthermore, the statistical properties of the model were studied comprehensively. Simulation studies and medical data sets were used to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed methodology. Bias and standard error were used as discrimination criteria in the simulation study while Akaike Information criteria (AIC), Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC), and Consistent Akaike Information criteria (CAIC) were used as discrimination criteria in real-life applications. Results from the applications showed that the Weibull exponentiated exponential non-mixture cure fraction model is a strong competitor.
The Total Antioxidant Levels, Amino Acids, Vitamins, Flavonoids and Phenolics Profile of Persea americana Using HPLC Ojochenemi Ejeh Yakubu; Janya Danjuma; Patience Audu Jankada
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 1 No 2 (2024): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v1i2.3864

Abstract

This research investigated the antioxidant levels, flavonoids and phenolics, amino acid and vitamin profile of P. americana seed methanol extract. Fresh fruits of P. americana were procured from Baissa in Taraba State. The fruits were cut open and the seed removed, washed and sliced. The plant material was air dried at room temperature after which it was pulverized and extraction was carried out using methanol for 72 hours. Extract was subjected to total antioxidant test using DPPH by serial dilution. Different portions of the extract were used to analyze for total flavonoid content and total phenolics content using aluminium chloride and folin-ciocalteu respectively. Furthermore, a portion of the extract was used to analyze for amino acid, vitamin and flavonoids and phenolics profile. The result reveals that the portion antioxidant activity increase with concentration. The portion with 1000µg/1000mL had over 80% which was the highest inhibition percentage in the series. Total flavonoid was found to be 39.88 ± 0.44 while the total phenolic content was seen to be 35.84 ± 4.30. Quercetin and chlorogenic acid were seen to be present for HPLC analysis of flavonoids and phenolics profile to be 15.8% and 84.2% respectively. The result for vitamin profile reveals that three vitamins were detected: vitamins K, B1 and B3 at 0.1%, 20.4% and 79.5% respectively. The amino acid present include asparagine, threonine, serine and aspartic acid with 1.1%, 13.9%, 10.4 and 74.6% abundance respectively. This shows how rich how this plant material can be and also reveals the hidden potentials inherent in it. This could be used to supplement diets and meet various nutritional and needs of individuals.
Impact of El Niño and La Niña on Precipitation and Temperature Patterns in Nigerian Regions: A Case Study of Lagos and Port-Harcourt K. O. Olawale; E.O. Adetunji
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 1 No 2 (2024): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v1i2.3878

Abstract

This study explores the impact of El Niño and La Niña events on local climate patterns in Nigeria, focusing specifically on the region of Lagos and Port-Harcourt. Utilizing ERA5 reanalysis data, including total precipitation (TP) and 2-meter air temperature (T2m), alongside NOAA ERSST v5 sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies, we investigate the correlations between SST anomalies in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans and the weather variables in these regions. The objective is to elucidate how these global climate phenomena affect regional weather patterns in West Africa. Our analysis reveals significant alterations in precipitation and temperature patterns during El Niño and La Niña events, with distinct impacts observed in Lagos (a coastal region) and Port-Harcourt (another coastal city). These findings highlight the variability in climatic responses across different regions of Nigeria, depending on the intensity and duration of the events. This research enhances understanding of the mechanisms through which global climate phenomena influence local weather conditions, offering valuable insights for improving climate forecasts and informing effective adaptation strategies. The study contributes to the broader field of climate science by integrating global and regional climate data, emphasizing the importance of such analyses in developing nations for comprehensive weather and climate predictions.
Ethnic Variability in the Perception of Postoperative Pain In Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria Usman Y. M; Shugaba A. I; Zoakah A. I
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 1 No 2 (2024): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v1i2.3926

Abstract

Background: Postoperative pain management is crucial to patient care and recovery after surgery. Effective pain control not only alleviates suffering but also facilitates quicker recovery, reducing the risk of complications such as chronic pain syndromes. By identifying ethnic differences in pain perception, healthcare providers can tailor their pain management strategies better to meet the needs of patients from diverse cultural backgrounds. This study therefore sought to determine and compare baseline and serial postoperative pain scores using a visual analogue scale among non-indigenous (Fulani, Hausa, Igbo, and Yoruba) and Indigenous ethnic groups (Berom, Tarok, Ngas, and Mwagavul) in Plateau State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This was a comparative cross-sectional study conducted among 88 adults of Indigenous and non-indigenous ethnic groups of Plateau State at the Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH) recruited through stratified random sampling. The equal proportion allocation technique was employed for gender and ethnic groups. Ethical clearance, informed verbal and written consent were obtained before the commencement of the study. Baseline pain scores were determined by a pressure algometer. A pressure of 20N was applied bilaterally on the trapezius muscle between the C7 spinous process and the acromial process, and then the subjects were asked to rate the pain they felt on a numeric rating scale (NRS). The average NRS score was taken as the baseline pain score. Serial 2-hourly postoperative pain scores were also assessed in the immediate 24-hour postoperative period. All analyses were conducted using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Significance was set at the α = 0.05 level. Results: A total of 88 patients participated in this study with an equal number of gender and ethnic group representation. The median (IQR) age of study participants was 21 (19.2–35.6) years. No significant statistical difference in median baseline pain scores between the entire indigenous (21.5) and non-indigenous (21.0) ethnic groups, U = 0.64, p = 0.22. There was a statistically significant difference in baseline median pain scores between females (3.5) and males (2.0), U = 3.0, p = 0.036 in the indigenous and females (3.0) and males (2.0) in the non-indigenous ethnic groups, U = 3.9, p = 0.013. This study revealed a statistically significant difference in the median serial postoperative pain scores in the different specific Indigenous ethnic groups (H (2) = 24.2, p = 0.001) and the different specific non-indigenous ethnic groups (H (2) = 24.8, p = 0.001) as well. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated ethnic and gender variability in the perception of pressure and postoperative pain among different ethnic groups resident in Plateau State. Clinicians need to be aware of the fact that different ethnic groups in Plateau State perceive pain differently and put it into consideration when treating pain.
Survival Mechanisms of Clarias batrachus: Glycogen Utilization During Long-Term Starvation Nayan K. Prasad; Kumari Shachi; Sanjeev Kumar; Suresh Kumar Sahani
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 1 No 2 (2024): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v1i2.3978

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the impact of extended food deprivation on glucose storage in different tissues and organs of the freshwater air-breathing catfish Clarias batrachus. The glycogen reserves in the brain, gonads, liver, muscles, and blood of both the male and female Clarias batrachus were estimated after forty days of starvation. The total glycogen was determined by a modification of the colorimetric method of Krishnaswami & Srinivasan in collaboration with Kemp and Heijningen. Even though they had to endure the severe deprivation of food, Clarias batrachus survived during the entire period of experimentation. Nutrient deprivation due to fasting gradually depletes glycogen reserves to a minimal level in all organs. This is partly caused by increased transamination and deamination processes, partly by the inhibition of RNA synthesis, and perhaps becomes increasingly significant during long-term starvation through gluconeogenesis. Importantly, during the first 20 days of starvation, the concentration of glycogen in the brain did not change noticeably in contrast to the liver, muscles, and gonads, which decreased glycogen stores significantly. The fall in blood glucose levels followed a decline in liver and muscle glycogen stores. Glycogen concentration in the liver was higher than in other solid tissues such as muscle, brain, and gonads. Females were observed to have higher glucose stores in all tissues than males when expressed per unit body mass in normal and starvation conditions. After forty days of starvation, the most substantial decrease in glycogen content was observed in the testes, while the brain exhibited the minimum decrease.
The Effect of Motivation on Memory Recall Among the Students of SS 11A and SS 11B of Government Model Secondary School Makurdi Danladi Zakariah; Elvis O. Ihaji; Tensaba Andes Akafa; Gloria Omonefe Oladele; Kingsley Iyoko Iseko; Vika Tensaba Akafa; Izam Emmanuel David; Oche Williams Ujah
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 1 No 2 (2024): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v1i2.3979

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of motivation on memory recall among students of SS11A and SS11B of Government Model Secondary School Makurdi. The study employed the use of experimental design of 3x2x1 One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Independent T test with Alpha level of .05 to test the two hypotheses. The study consists of sixty (60) participants with 30 (50%) males and 30 (50%) females. Their ages ranged from 13-20 years with the means of 8.15 (SD=23.41). The participants were grouped into three of high, low and non-motivated students. Each group had (20) participants each totalling sixty (60) in the study. The participants were selected on the basis of gender and evenly distributed through the use of purposive and convenience sampling techniques. Finding from the study indicated that there was significant different in the level of memory recall among the high, low and non-motivated students F (2, 57) =8.98, P<.05. There was no significant different between male and female students on memory recall when motivated (59) =.20 P>.05. Thus, the first hypothesis was confirmed and the null hypothesis was rejected. On the other hand the second hypothesis was rejected and the null hypothesis was accepted. It was therefore recommended that conscious efforts should be made by the parents, Teachers, School Administrators to provide various incentives to enhance students recall abilities in memory task. It was also recommended that the Government and Philanthropists should provide scholarship programme to enhance study memory recall in the Secondary School. Finally, the study recommended that psychologists and the teachers should encourage the student to always rehearse their work in order to improve their memory recall when the need arise.

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