African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research
African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research aims to publish rigorous, peer-reviewed scholarship that advances medical science, surgical practice, and public health research through ethically grounded, scientifically robust, and practically relevant studies. • Medical Research: disseminate high-quality evidence that improves clinical understanding, diagnosis, treatment, and patient care. • Surgical Scholarship: promote research on surgical procedures, perioperative care, outcomes, innovations, and evidence-based surgical practice. • Public Health Advancement: support preventive, epidemiological, community, and policy-oriented studies that strengthen population health and healthcare systems. • Integrated Health Impact: encourage work linking clinical medicine, surgery, and public health to improve health outcomes across individual and community settings. Submissions should clearly define the clinical, surgical, or public-health problem, report methods transparently, present defensible evidence, and articulate a meaningful contribution to healthcare research and practice. Scope AJMSPHR welcomes original research papers and related scholarly contributions in medicine, surgery, and public health, especially studies that demonstrate scientific rigor, ethical responsibility, and clear relevance to health outcomes, healthcare delivery, and disease prevention. • Medicine: internal medicine, clinical research, disease management, diagnostics, therapeutics, and patient-centered healthcare studies. • Surgery: general and specialized surgery, operative techniques, perioperative care, surgical outcomes, trauma care, and procedural innovation. • Public Health: epidemiology, health promotion, disease prevention, environmental health, maternal and child health, and community-health interventions. • Health Systems and Policy: healthcare access, service delivery, health management, workforce issues, and evidence informing public-health or clinical policy. • Interdisciplinary Health Research: studies bridging medicine, surgery, and public health with implications for healthcare improvement and population well-being. Priority is given to original research articles that demonstrate methodological rigor, ethical compliance, and a clear contribution to medical science, surgical knowledge, or evidence-based public-health practice.
Articles
66 Documents
<![CDATA[Public Knowledge, Attitude And Acceptability of COVID-19 Vaccine among Traders in Wuse Market Abuja: A Cross-Sectional Study ]]>
<![CDATA[Tensaba Andes Akafa]]>;
<![CDATA[Gloria Omonefe Oladele]]>;
<![CDATA[Kingsley Iyoko Iseko]]>;
<![CDATA[Vika Tensaba Akafa]]>;
<![CDATA[Izam Emmanuel David]]>;
<![CDATA[Oche Williams Ujah]]>;
<![CDATA[Tongle Nanle John]]>;
<![CDATA[Chakfa Nanmar]]>;
<![CDATA[Lawal Danjuma Tyem]]>;
<![CDATA[Isaac John Umaru]]>
<![CDATA[ African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Darul Yasin Al Sys ]]>
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DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v1i1.3976
<![CDATA[The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on public health has been unpleasant. Vaccination is a critical measure to decrease COVID-19 economic loss and public health burden. This is very helpful to control the COVID-19 pandemic. The process of halting COVID-19 solely depends on population uptake of the vaccination process and the adoption of non-pharmacological measures. This in turn relies on the public willingness to get vaccinated. The public acceptability of this vaccination is further determined by the level of knowledge and trust in currently available COVID-19 vaccines. Therefore, this paper aims to discuss the findings of public knowledge, attitude, and acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines among traders in Wuse Market Abuja. A cross-sectional study was conducted among different traders in the Abuja Wuse Market to assess their knowledge, attitude and level of acceptability toward COVID-19 vaccinations using a self-administered survey questionnaire with the following four sections; socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge assessment questions, attitude assessment, and acceptability questions. A total of 166 participants completed the questionnaire. The knowledge of the COVID-19 vaccinations among the study participants was high with 143(86%) respondents stating that they knew about COVID-19 vaccinations. Among the traders that participated, 74(44.36%) believed that vaccines are safe and 109 (66.02%) agreed that vaccines are critical to protect the public from COVID-19 infection. But only, 45 (27.4%) accept to receive the vaccine. Participants’ attitudes, knowledge, and level of acceptability were significantly affected by age, gender, education level, and marital status (P <0.001). Our findings suggest that there is good knowledge and attitude toward the vaccination process against COVID-19 among study participants in spite of low acceptability. Awareness campaigns are therefore necessary to disseminate reliable knowledge about COVID-19 vaccines and demystify the COVID-19 conspiracy theory in order to raise the level of vaccination acceptance.]]>
<![CDATA[Influence of Emotional Intelligence on the Mental Health of the Federal Road Safety Corps Personnel in Benue State Sector Command ]]>
<![CDATA[Danladi Zakariah]]>;
<![CDATA[Elvis O. Ihaji]]>;
<![CDATA[Tensaba Andes Akafa]]>;
<![CDATA[Vika Tensaba Akafa]]>;
<![CDATA[Kingsley Iyoko Iseko]]>;
<![CDATA[Gloria Omonefe Oladele]]>
<![CDATA[ African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Darul Yasin Al Sys ]]>
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DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v1i1.3977
<![CDATA[This study examined Emotional Intelligence on the Mental Health of the Federal Road Safety Corps Personnel in Benue State Sector Command. The study employed a cross-sectional survey design in which 232 Federal Road Safety Corps Personnel whose ages ranged from 20 – 58 years (Mean age=36.30, SD=8.34), comprising 169(72.8%) males and 63(27.2%) females who served as participants for the study. Emotional intelligence Scale and Mental Health Inventory scale were used in data collection. The result of the finding shows that, there was a significant positive influence of emotional intelligence on mental health of Federal Road Safety Corps Personnel in Benue State Sector Command [R=.436, R2=.190, F (5,227) =3.627, p<.01]. The result also indicated that, emotional intelligence and its dimensions explained 19.0% of the variance observed in mental health among the participants. This means that, Federal Road Safety Personnel with high levels of emotional intelligence are likely to have good mental health, and the extent to which emotional intelligence explains mental health of Federal Road Safety Corps Personnel in Benue State Sector Command is 19.0%, and based on this finding, the second hypothesis was confirmed. Independently, findings revealed that, social skills made the highest significant contribution (β=.299, t=2.988, p<.05), followed by motivation (β=.223, t=2.588, p<.05), and then self-reputation (β=.211, t=2.081, p<.05), followed by social awareness (β=.198, t=1.758, p<.05), and self-awareness (β=.180, t=1.313, p<.05) successively. Based on this finding, it was recommended that the management of Federal Road Safety Corps in Benue State Sector should explore ways of improving the personnel's emotional intelligence deficit which may enhance succees and improve their mental health.]]>
<![CDATA[The Effect of Aqueous Solution of Hibiscus sabdariffa (Zobo Drink) on Albino Wistar Rats Ovarian Tissue ]]>
<![CDATA[Tensaba Andes Akafa]]>;
<![CDATA[Williams Oche Ujah]]>;
<![CDATA[Isaac Kogi Eli]]>;
<![CDATA[Charles Ayara]]>;
<![CDATA[Victor Makanjuola]]>;
<![CDATA[Queen Uyo Williams]]>;
<![CDATA[Dafup Katdel Istifanus]]>;
<![CDATA[Vika Tensaba Akafa]]>;
<![CDATA[Izam Emmanuel David]]>;
<![CDATA[Kingsley Iyoko Iseko]]>;
<![CDATA[Ranyang R. Akafa]]>
<![CDATA[ African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Darul Yasin Al Sys ]]>
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DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v1i1.4011
<![CDATA[Hibiscus sabdarrifa is a flowering plant that grows in tropical regions. It is used in the preparation of a non-alcoholic beverage called Zobo drink. This current study investigated the ovarian histological changes and hormonal level outcome that occur after administration of Hibiscus sabdarrifa aqueous solution (Zobo drink) on albino Wistar rat. Twenty (20) female Wistar rats were purchased and divided into five (5) groups, group A, group B, group C, group D and group E with each group having four (4) Wistar rats. Group A, the control group was unexposed to any form of foreign substance. Group B were given 0.5ml of Zobo drink once daily (morning). Group C were given 0.5ml of Zobo drink twice daily (morning and afternoon). Group D were given 0.5ml of Zobo drink three times daily (morning, afternoon and evening). Group E were given the Zobo drink concurrently all through the day and water only at night. In the end, the rats were sacrificed and the ovaries were removed and fixed in 10% formalin saline solution. The ovaries were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Their blood was collected through the femoral artery for hormonal level assay. The histological result of group A, B, C and D showed normal histological structures. Group E showed hemorrhage in the corpus luteum of the ovaries. The result of the hormonal analysis showed an increase in the level of progesterone, follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone and decrease in the level of estrogen all through the five groups. This lower estrogen level could impede menstruation. Therefore, Zobo drink can damage the ovary if taken in excess quantity and cause fluctuation in hormonal level of the ovary.]]>
<![CDATA[Angiogenesis and Microcirculation in Ischemic Heart Disease ]]>
<![CDATA[Muhammad Akram]]>;
<![CDATA[Eisa Yazeed Ghazwani]]>;
<![CDATA[Isaac John Umaru]]>
<![CDATA[ African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Darul Yasin Al Sys ]]>
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DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v1i1.4013
<![CDATA[Angiogenesis among the functional organ systems, the cardiovascular system is the paramount appearing system in the development of vertebrate embryo. However, different epigenetic and genetic mechanisms play important role in the development of vascular organ system. During embryonic life, the blood capillaries from endothelial tissues differentiate from mesodermal cells in the form of vasculo-genesis. Alteration of primary blood vessels into supplementary vascular system is believed to happen through a process known as angiogenesis. The process of angiogenesis happens naturally during pregnancy, wound healing, female menstrual cycle and important in tissue growth and repair. Different pathological conditions like diabetes, chronic kidney disease, cutaneous complications, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, rheumatoid arthritis and age-related macular degeneration are considered by excessive angiogenesis in which vessels grow in unmannered and unrestricted pattern.]]>
<![CDATA[Prevalence of Group B Streptococcus among Individuals in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, South South, Nigeria ]]>
<![CDATA[Edafe Ejiro Patrick]]>;
<![CDATA[Imarenezor Edobor Peter Kenneth]]>;
<![CDATA[Anyiam Vivian Ifeoma]]>;
<![CDATA[Salvage Akpomedaye]]>
<![CDATA[ African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Darul Yasin Al Sys ]]>
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DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v1i1.4036
<![CDATA[Streptococcus agalactiae also known as Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a Gram-positive bacterium that primarily colonizes the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts of humans. While it is a commensal organism in many healthy individuals, GBS can become pathogenic, causing a variety of infections. This study investigated the prevalence of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) colonization among adults in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria, to assess the distribution of GBS across various age groups and between sexes. A total of 185 individuals were included in the study which comprises of both male and female across different age groups (16–35 years). The specimens were cultured on Todd-Hewitt broth and Columbia Blood Agar. Morphological and biochemical tests, including Gram staining, CAMP test, and Hippurate Hydrolysis test, were performed to confirm the presence of GBS.Morphological analysis revealed small to medium-sized, grayish-white, beta-hemolytic colonies with characteristic cocci in pairs or chains, confirming Streptococcus agalactiae. The overall prevalence of GBS colonization was found to be 5.95%, with 5.17% in males and 6.30% in females. The highest prevalence was observed in the age group 31–35 years among females (16.00%) and in the 26–30 age group among males (9.09%). This study result provides essential baseline data on GBS prevalence among individuals in Yenagoa, highlighting the need for continued surveillance and targeted interventions in this area to reduce the risk of GBS transmission.]]>
<![CDATA[Prevalence, Molecular Identification and Antibiogram Profile of Neisseria gonorrhoeae among Individuals in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, South South, Nigeria ]]>
<![CDATA[Akpomedaye Salvage]]>;
<![CDATA[Edobor Peter Kenneth Imarenezor]]>;
<![CDATA[Vivian Ifeoma Anyiam]]>;
<![CDATA[Ejiro Patrick Edafe]]>
<![CDATA[ African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Darul Yasin Al Sys ]]>
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DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v1i1.4037
<![CDATA[Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae), the bacterium causing gonorrhea, is a global public health concern, particularly in Nigeria, due to its increasing antibiotic resistance. Its often asymptomatic nature leads to under diagnosis, continued transmission, and severe complications like infertility and pelvic inflammatory disease. The objectives of this study are to investigate the prevalence, molecular identification and antibiogram profile N. gonorrhoeae among individuals in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State. A cross- sectional study was conducted with 288 participants from Federal Medical Centre and Silhouette Diagnostics Consultants, both in Yenagoa. Urethral swab from males and endocervical swab from females were collected for identification of the organism. Antibiotic susceptibility was tested using the Kirby-Bauer method. The results showed a 2.78% prevalence, with higher prevalence in males (4.76%) than in females (1.64%). Antibiogram results demonstrated high resistance to penicillin (100%), tetracycline (75%), and erythromycin (62.5%), while susceptibility was highest to ceftriaxone (100%), cefixime (87.5%), and azithromycin (62.5%). Molecular analysis identified the PorA gene in all eight isolates. Key risk factors included previous sexually transmitted infections, multiple sexual partners, and transactional sex. The conclusion emphasizes the need for new antibiotics and vaccines, improved diagnostics, safer sexual practices, and routine molecular surveillance to combat resistant strains. It recommends updating treatment protocols based on current antibiogram data and enhancing public health campaigns to raise awareness and prevent gonococcal infections.]]>
<![CDATA[Psychoeducation of the Nigeria Population on Knowledge of Substance Abuse, Drug Addiction and Regular Medical Check-Up ]]>
<![CDATA[Danladi Zakariah]]>;
<![CDATA[Tensaba Andes Akafa]]>;
<![CDATA[Vika Tensaba Akafa]]>;
<![CDATA[Gloria Omonefe Oladele]]>;
<![CDATA[Kingsley Iyoko Iseko]]>;
<![CDATA[Izam Emmanuel David]]>;
<![CDATA[Oche Williams Ujah]]>;
<![CDATA[Ndentang Ira Gadin]]>
<![CDATA[ African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Darul Yasin Al Sys ]]>
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DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v1i1.4078
<![CDATA[This paper aims to enhance psychoeducation among the Nigerian population regarding substance abuse, drug addiction, and the importance of regular medical check-ups. Substance abuse and drug addiction are significant contributors to various medical health conditions and mental disorders within the Nigerian populace. Many of these conditions could potentially be prevented or managed effectively if early detection of abnormal neurotransmitter changes in the brain was facilitated through routine medical examinations. This study highlights the alarming scarcity of knowledge and poor attitudes towards substance abuse, drug addiction, and regular medical check-ups in Nigeria, as evidenced by empirical data from psychiatric research. Such deficiencies hinder individuals from making informed health decisions and recognizing risk factors associated with unhealthy lifestyles. According to the World Health Organization, as well as the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), substance abuse and drug addiction are classified as diseases that require treatment, akin to conditions such as diabetes, cancer, heart disease, and HIV. In light of this, the paper calls on the government, as well as the management of healthcare institutions, clinical psychologists, and other healthcare professionals, to prioritize intensive psychoeducation initiatives. These initiatives should focus on raising awareness about the dangers of substance abuse and drug addiction, as well as preventative measures. Moreover, the government and health institutions should collaborate with philanthropists to establish more psychiatric hospitals and rehabilitation centre, providing testing equipment and medications at subsidized rates across all healthcare levels. This would enable individuals struggling with substance abuse and addiction to access necessary services, gain insights into their health status, improve their overall well-being, and alleviate the catastrophe financial burdens faced by their families and loved ones. In conclusion, this paper emphasizes the urgency of addressing these issues and provides actionable recommendations for creating a more informed and supportive environment for those affected by substance abuse and addiction.]]>
<![CDATA[Atmospheric Emissions in Nigeria in the Aftermath of COVID-19: A Carbon Foot Print Perspective ]]>
<![CDATA[Ochu A. Y]]>;
<![CDATA[Nasidi T]]>;
<![CDATA[Jamilu Hassan Abdulkareem]]>;
<![CDATA[Abubakar A. H]]>;
<![CDATA[Ochu O. H]]>
<![CDATA[ African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Darul Yasin Al Sys ]]>
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DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v1i1.4120
<![CDATA[Carbon foot print inclusive, life style changes forced by the covid-19 pandemic has both immediate and long-time effect on diverse facet of human endeavors. Towards quantifying this, secondary emission data was relied upon for time series analysis that showing an increasing trend in emission, further, primary data was obtained via survey procedures for correlation analysis, the result indicates that emissions increase do not necessarily imply to an increase in carbon foot print, as most variables understudied returned a p-value showing disagreement with this assertions, for example, working from home has a significant correlation with spending on transportation with an effect size of .288*and a p value of .022, so also is earnings/income at .260*and a p-value of .039, product reuse and recycle at .484** and a p-value of <.001, Willingness to use alternative energy has increased by an effect size of 266 at p .035 level of significance, indicative of a positive decrease in carbon footprint, in contrast the use of charcoal/fuelwood which has increased post covid-19 with an effect size of 470** p <0.001, patronage of processed product has also increased with an effect size of 325 p .009, as Energy savings and management reduced in post covid-19 period at an effect size of 097 and a p .450 level of significance, with reduced patronage of organic products at an effect size of .096 and a p value of .452 significance. Suggesting that advocacy and public enlightenments is needed to reduce carbon footprint through lifestyle changes related to these aspects. In conclusion the carbon foot print in Nigeria post covid-19 is not Business as usual, total emissions by volume might have increased but some life style changes have significantly reduced individuals carbon footprint. Without which the emissions would have compounded.]]>
<![CDATA[Duration of Analgesic Free Period and Haemodynamic Stability Following Paediatric Herniotomy: A Comparison of Caudal Block Versus Pre-Incisional Field Block with Diclofenac Suppository ]]>
<![CDATA[Kpalap P. B]]>;
<![CDATA[Usman Y. M]]>;
<![CDATA[Aliyu H. A]]>;
<![CDATA[Shaki R]]>;
<![CDATA[Malau K. T]]>;
<![CDATA[Nuhu S. I]]>;
<![CDATA[Embu H. Y]]>;
<![CDATA[Isamade E. S]]>
<![CDATA[ African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 2 No 1 (2025): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Darul Yasin Al Sys ]]>
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DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v2i1.4242
<![CDATA[Paediatric herniotomy, a common surgical procedure in children, demands effective perioperative pain management to ensure patient comfort and minimise complications. Optimal pain control is crucial in paediatric populations due to their heightened sensitivity to pain and the potential long-term impact of poorly managed acute pain on their neurodevelopment. The choice between caudal block and field block with diclofenac remains a subject of debate. Factors such as the duration of analgesic-free periods and haemodynamic stability need to be assessed to guide clinical decisions. This study was conducted in the Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria, among paediatric patients presenting for inguinal herniotomy. We conducted a randomised, single-blind controlled clinical trial where patients were recruited through the purposive sampling technique. Inclusion criteria included elective day cases, open unilateral inguinal herniotomies, and children aged 1–6 years with ASA physical classes I and II. One group of patients received 1 mL/kg of 0.25% plain bupivacaine caudally, while the other group of patients received pre-incisional field block with 1 mL/kg of 0.25% plain bupivacaine and diclofenac suppository 1 mL/kg. duration of analgesic-free period and intraoperative haemodynamic parameters were assessed and documented. All the 58 enrolled patients were included in the final analysis, having completed the study. The study groups were comparable in all measured patient characteristics. The duration of analgesic free period was shorter in the caudal block group compared with the field block with diclofenac suppository group (282.86±18.43 minutes in the caudal block group and 291.03±16.33 minutes in the field block with diclofenac suppository group, p = 0.155). The heart rates, systolic blood pressures, diastolic blood pressures, and mean arterial pressures across both study groups were comparable from the start of surgery to the end of surgery. It can be concluded that both caudal block with 1 mL/kg of 0.25% plain bupivacaine and pre-incisional field block with 1 mL/kg of 0.25% plain bupivacaine plus 1 mL/kg of diclofenac suppository were comparable in providing effective post-herniotomy analgesia in the paediatric age group.]]>
<![CDATA[Evaluation of The Antidiarrheal Activity of Aqueous Stem Bark Extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus on Castor Oil-Induced Diarrhea in Rats ]]>
<![CDATA[Maryam Usman Ahmed]]>;
<![CDATA[Comfort Emmanuel]]>;
<![CDATA[Yusuf Muhammad Adamu]]>
<![CDATA[ African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 2 No 1 (2025): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Darul Yasin Al Sys ]]>
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DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v2i1.4532
<![CDATA[Diarrheal diseases are a major public health problem in developing countries. Anogeissus leiocarpus is used in Africa and particularly in Nigeria for the empirical treatment of diarrhea. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of aqueous stem bark extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus on castor oil-induced diarrhea in rats. Thirty (30) Wistar rats of both sexes were grouped into six groups (the first three of which served as the normal control, negative control and standard treatment respectively, the last three were used as test groups) of five rats per group. Diarrhea was induced by administering 1 ml/rat of castor oil orally. Phytochemical screening of the aqueous stem bark extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, tannins, saponins and phenols. Treatment with the extract produced a significant dose-dependent inhibition of diarrhea. The percentage inhibition of diarrhea increased with corresponding increase in dose of the extract and was comparable with the percentage inhibition produced by the standard drug (loperamide). Treatment with this extract also produced a modest dose-dependent reduction on intestinal transit in rats and a statistically significant (p<0.05) dose-dependent reduction in the volume of intestinal content when compared with the negative control group. The results obtained from this study suggests that the aqueous stem bark extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus have significant antidiarrheal effect on animal models and this finding supports the traditional use of the plant extract in the management of diarrhea.]]>
