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Roy Lamrun Sianturi
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roylamrunsianturi@gmail.com
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+6282286672408
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roylamrunsianturi@gmail.com
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Taman Sejahtera Asri complex, Namorambek District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra 20356, Indonesia
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International Journal of Energy Systems and Materials Innovation
Published by Gio Vani Publisher
ISSN : -     EISSN : 31241514     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Energy Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering
The scope of the journal covers topics related to: Acoustical engineering, Aerospace engineering, Automotive engineering, Energy Engineering, Manufacturing engineering, Materials Science and Engineering, Microscopy, Power plant engineering, Thermal engineering, Vehicle engineering
Arjuna Subject : Energi (semua kategori) - Energi Terbarukan, Keberlanjutan dan Lingkungan
Articles 12 Documents
 1   2 
Sustainable Conversion of Municipal Biomass Waste into Bioenergy: Techno-Economic and Environmental Assessment of Fast Pyrolysis Pathways rinaldo malau; Roy Lamrun Sianturi
International Journal of Energy Systems and Materials Innovation Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): International Journal of Energy Systems and Materials Innovation
Publisher : Gio Vani Publisher

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Abstract

Municipal biomass waste offers a promising feedstock for renewable energy production, yet its techno-economic and environmental potential remains underexplored. This study investigates the feasibility of producing bio-oil through fast pyrolysis using integrated process simulation, techno-economic assessment (TEA), and life cycle assessment (LCA). Simulation results showed that pyrolysis at 500–550 °C yielded up to 60 wt.% bio-oil, outperforming biochar and gas fractions. TEA indicated strong economies of scale, with the minimum fuel selling price (MFSP) decreasing from USD 1.28/L at 50 t/day to USD 0.71/L at 500 t/day, approaching parity with fossil fuels. LCA further demonstrated that optimized pathways with energy integration reduced the global warming potential to 21 g CO₂-eq/MJ, substantially lower than fossil diesel at 94 g CO₂-eq/MJ. These findings confirm that fast pyrolysis of municipal biomass waste is not only technically feasible but also economically competitive and environmentally advantageous, positioning it as a strategic solution for urban waste valorization and sustainable energy transitions.
Energy Analysis of Geothermal Resources in the Volcanic Zone of North Sumatra for Renewable and Reliable Power Supply Roy Sianturi; Hendrik V. Sihombing; Janter Simanjuntak; Farel H. Napitupulu
International Journal of Energy Systems and Materials Innovation Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): International Journal of Energy Systems and Materials Innovation
Publisher : Gio Vani Publisher

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Abstract

Geothermal resources represent a vital component in Indonesia’s transition toward sustainable energy, particularly in volcanic regions such as the Sibayak field, North Sumatra. This study aims to evaluate the geothermal potential through integrated reservoir characterization, decline curve analysis, and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Field data from three exploration wells were analyzed, including temperature, pressure, enthalpy, and estimated capacity. Decline curve modeling was performed to assess production sustainability under scenarios with and without reinjection. Furthermore, LCA was applied to compare the environmental footprint of geothermal power with coal and natural gas. Results indicate reservoir temperatures ranging from 230–245 °C with enthalpy values exceeding 1,000 kJ/kg, supporting an estimated capacity of 50–55 MWe. Reinjection was shown to reduce annual production decline from ~5% to ~2%, thereby extending reservoir lifetime. LCA outcomes confirmed geothermal energy’s superior environmental performance, with CO₂ emissions as low as 90 g/kWh compared to coal (>1,000 g/kWh) and natural gas (~450 g/kWh). These findings emphasize the strategic role of Sibayak geothermal development in strengthening Indonesia’s clean energy portfolio while ensuring long-term resource sustainability.
Energy-Efficient Design and Performance Evaluation of an Industrial-Scale Coffee Drying System Roy Sianturi; Rogantino Sianturi; Siwan Paranginangin
International Journal of Energy Systems and Materials Innovation Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): International Journal of Energy Systems and Materials Innovation
Publisher : Gio Vani Publisher

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Abstract

This study evaluates the performance of a hybrid industrial coffee dryer integrating solar energy, LPG backup, and thermal energy storage (TES) to enhance energy efficiency and sustainability in large-scale coffee processing. Experimental trials were conducted using a 50 kg capacity system equipped with a flat-plate solar collector, LPG burner, and packed-bed TES. Drying kinetics, energy and exergy efficiency, life cycle assessment (LCA), and product quality were analyzed. Results showed that the hybrid dryer reduced specific energy consumption by approximately 65% (0.85 vs. 2.40 kWh/kg), improved exergy efficiency from 21% to 38%, and lowered carbon emissions by nearly 80% (0.75 vs. 2.80 kg CO₂e/kg). Although drying time increased (9 h vs. 6 h for LPG-only), cup quality improved with higher sensory scores and fewer physical defects. These findings highlight the potential of hybrid drying technology to reduce energy use and emissions while ensuring premium coffee quality, supporting sustainable coffee production in line with global carbon-neutral targets.
Experimental Study on the Effect of Airflow Non-Uniformity and Tube Bundle Geometry Distribution on the Effectiveness of Cross-Flow Heat Exchangers Aken Kurniawan; Herman Simanjuntak; Anita Berylin
International Journal of Energy Systems and Materials Innovation Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): International Journal of Energy Systems and Materials Innovation
Publisher : Gio Vani Publisher

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Abstract

This study investigates the impact of airflow non-uniformity and tube bundle geometry distribution on the thermal performance of a cross-flow heat exchanger, a crucial component in energy and HVAC systems where efficiency strongly depends on uniform heat transfer conditions. An experimental setup was developed to evaluate airflow uniformity levels of 100%, 85%, and 70% combined with two geometric configurations—inline and staggered—under a controlled mean air velocity of 3 m/s. Measurements of temperature distribution, airflow velocity, and pressure drop were used to calculate the thermal effectiveness (ε), Nusselt number (Nu), and thermal–hydraulic performance index (ηₜₚ). The results revealed that decreasing airflow uniformity caused a 12–18% reduction in effectiveness, while the staggered configuration achieved up to 23% higher heat transfer coefficients and maintained ηₜₚ > 1.1, indicating superior overall performance despite increased pressure loss. The combined effect of non-uniform airflow and geometric variation exhibited a nonlinear interaction, emphasizing the necessity for integrated optimization of flow distribution and geometry. Overall, the findings demonstrate that geometric optimization, particularly the use of staggered tube arrangements, can effectively mitigate the negative effects of airflow maldistribution and enhance the energy efficiency and resilience of air-cooled cross-flow heat exchangers.
Green Hydrogen Production from Biomass-Derived Syngas Using Advanced Membrane Separation Technologies Brahmansa Husin; Haykal Prakusuma; Anita setiawati
International Journal of Energy Systems and Materials Innovation Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): International Journal of Energy Systems and Materials Innovation
Publisher : Gio Vani Publisher

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Abstract

The global shift toward low-carbon energy systems has positioned green hydrogen as a pivotal component for achieving industrial decarbonization. Among various production pathways, hydrogen generation from biomass gasification presents a renewable and carbon-neutral alternative; however, its large-scale application remains limited by challenges in syngas purification and process integration. This study investigates the development and performance of advanced mixed-matrix membranes (MM-MOF) incorporated into water–gas shift (WGS) membrane reactors to enhance hydrogen separation efficiency, thermal stability, and economic feasibility. Hybrid polymer–MOF composite membranes with varied filler loadings (5%, 15%, and 30%) were synthesized and tested using biomass-derived syngas under controlled conditions (450 °C, 10 bar, S/C = 2). The optimal MM-MOF membrane with 30 wt% filler achieved a hydrogen permeance of 1.05 × 10⁻⁷ mol m⁻² s⁻¹ Pa⁻¹ and an H₂/CO₂ selectivity of 95, leading to 88.9% CO conversion and 97.0% hydrogen purity. Durability tests confirmed excellent long-term stability with only 15% permeance decline after 500 hours, outperforming conventional Pd–Ag membranes. Techno-economic analysis revealed that the integrated system reduced the Levelized Cost of Hydrogen (LCOH) to approximately 1.95 USD/kg H₂ and lowered the global warming potential (GWP100) to 1.8 kg CO₂-eq/kg H₂, signifying substantial economic and environmental benefits. Overall, the results indicate that MM-MOF-based membrane reactors provide an efficient, durable, and cost-effective route for hydrogen production from biomass syngas, supporting the transition toward circular and low-carbon energy systems.
Development of the C–P Diagram: A Novel Thermodynamic Framework for Visualizing and Characterizing Thermal Cycles via Geometric Symmetry Huang luo; You wang; math Yin; Joseph Marthin
International Journal of Energy Systems and Materials Innovation Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): International Journal of Energy Systems and Materials Innovation
Publisher : Gio Vani Publisher

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Abstract

Conventional thermodynamic cycle analysis tools mainly focus on fundamental state variables or energy transfer paths, yet they often fail to capture the intrinsic geometric symmetry inherent to thermodynamic systems. This study presents the C–P diagram, a novel graphical framework that integrates geometric symmetry into thermodynamic analysis, offering multiple analytical benefits. The proposed method enhances conceptual understanding of thermodynamic cycle principles, improves analytical visualization through symmetric geometrical representation, and facilitates a transition from component-based to system-wide evaluation. Although conceptually related to entropy-based approaches in examining heat-to-work conversion processes, the C–P diagram extends its applicability beyond heat exchange to encompass work-generating cycles. The study demonstrates its versatility through applications in exergy assessment, irreversible processes, finite-time thermodynamics, and multi-process coupling analyses. Distinct from conventional qualitative diagrams, the C–P diagram provides a quantitative and geometrically concise visualization of exergy, elucidating complex behaviors such as the asymmetric maximum power output of real Brayton cycles. Furthermore, it enables the determination of maximum power and efficiency under finite-rate heat transfer through geometric relationships, thereby uncovering interdependencies among process losses in coupled systems. Serving both as a complementary and pioneering analytical model grounded in symmetry and geometry, the C–P diagram represents a substantial advancement in the visualization, analysis, and optimization of thermodynamic cycles.
In-Situ Elucidation of Probabilistic Gas Evolution Pathways in Thermal-Driven Degradation of LiFePO₄ Batteries Mine Zhang; Wencin Teng; Lehuin Jiang; Rein Sun
International Journal of Energy Systems and Materials Innovation Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): Edition January- April IJESMI
Publisher : Gio Vani Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17524/ijesmi.v1i2.12

Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries are increasingly utilized to meet modern energy storage demands for high performance and sustainability. Despite their strong thermal stability, lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO₄) batteries face safety challenges from flammable gas emissions during thermal runaway. This study systematically examines gas evolution pathways through in-situ analysis and structural characterization of the LiFePO₄ cathode, identifying six key reactions driving thermal degradation. Results show that ethylene and carbon dioxide are the main gases produced, primarily from electrolyte decomposition. Diethyl carbonate undergoes evaporation and degradation, while ethylene carbonate reacts with active electrode materials. Although cathode structural changes occur under heat, no direct oxygen release was observed. The main causes of thermal runaway are anode–electrolyte reactions generating heat and gases between 200–300°C. Correlation analysis further indicates that hydrogen formation results from interactions between metallic lithium and trace water in a reductive environment. These findings enhance understanding of degradation chemistry and support the design of next-generation LiFePO₄ batteries with improved thermal safety.
Development of an Industrial-Scale Coffee Drying Technology: Energy Efficiency and Sustainability Assessment Richard A. Williams; Maria V. Sanchez-Delgado; John M. Dennis; Eleanor C. Sharpe; Samuel J. Pettinger
International Journal of Energy Systems and Materials Innovation Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): Edition January- April IJESMI
Publisher : Gio Vani Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17524/ijesmi.v1i2.13

Abstract

This study addresses the critical need for energy-efficient and sustainable technologies in industrial coffee processing by developing and evaluating a novel waste-heat recovery preheater integrated into a coffee roasting system. The research experimentally investigates the impact of preheating on the thermal dynamics, energy efficiency, and product quality of Robusta coffee beans at a laboratory scale. Results demonstrate that utilizing exhaust heat to pre-condition beans significantly enhances process performance, achieving a 62.33% reduction in overall energy consumption and a 60.65% decrease in LPG fuel use. The preheating mechanism accelerated the roasting kinetics, reducing the time to target roast level by 2–3 minutes and improving moisture removal efficiency, yielding a final bean moisture content of 1.6% compared to 3.1% in the conventional process. These findings validate the preheater as a highly effective intervention for optimizing heat and mass transfer. The study concludes that integrating such waste-heat recovery technology presents a viable, scalable pathway for decarbonizing industrial-scale coffee drying and roasting operations, directly contributing to enhanced energy efficiency, reduced carbon footprint, and improved economic viability within the global coffee supply chain.
Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Agricultural Residues for Renewable Bio-Crude Production: Energy Yield and Emission Reduction Potential Thomas Schmidt; Fatemeh Rezaei; Zhang Wei; Ahmad Fikri bin Abdullah; Nguyen Van Hung
International Journal of Energy Systems and Materials Innovation Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): Edition January- April IJESMI
Publisher : Gio Vani Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17524/ijesmi.v1i2.14

Abstract

The escalating global energy demand, coupled with the imperative to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, necessitates the development of sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels. This study investigates the Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL) of abundant agricultural residues—sugarcane bagasse, wheat straw, and rice husk—for the production of renewable bio-crude oil. Experiments were conducted in a batch reactor at temperatures ranging from 280–320°C to optimize the yield and quality of bio-crude. The results showed that a reaction temperature of 300°C yielded maximum bio-crude outputs of 38.2 wt%, 42.5 wt%, and 35.1 wt% (dry ash-free basis) for bagasse, wheat straw, and rice husk, respectively, with corresponding energy recoveries of up to 78.5%. The bio-crude exhibited improved fuel properties, with higher heating values between 30–34 MJ/kg. A comprehensive life cycle assessment (LCA) revealed that the integrated HTL system, when accounting for avoided fossil fuel use and prevention of open-field burning, achieves net-negative greenhouse gas emissions, ranging from -32.1 to -47.4 g CO₂-eq per MJ of bio-crude. The findings confirm that HTL of agricultural waste is a technically feasible and environmentally strategic pathway for producing low-carbon liquid biofuels, directly contributing to waste valorization, energy security, and climate change mitigation by phasing out fossil-derived fuels.
Optimization of a Non-Invasive Solar Desalination Prototype Using a Hybrid Desalination System (PV-TE) for Off-Grid Clean Water Production in the Region Roy Lamrun Sianturi; Rinaldo Hasudungan Malau; Tiara Melinda
International Journal of Energy Systems and Materials Innovation Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): Edition January- April IJESMI
Publisher : Gio Vani Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17524/ijesmi.v1i2.15

Abstract

Access to clean water in Indonesia's remote coastal areas requires a self-sufficient and sustainable desalination solution. This study aims to optimize a prototype of a non-invasive solar desalination system by integrating Photovoltaic-Thermoelectric (PV-TE) hybrid technology for off-grid clean water production. A pilot-scale unit was developed from a basic passive solar distillation prototype through the addition of photovoltaic panels and thermoelectric modules that double as waste heat recoverers and active condenser coolers. Test results show significant performance improvements, with conductivity removal efficiency reaching 99.83% with ultra-pure water quality (80 µS/cm). Water productivity increased exponentially by 1148%, from 0.50 L/day.m² in the basic prototype to 6.24 L/day.m² in the hybrid system, with a system energy conversion efficiency reaching 29.05%. These findings confirm that the strategic integration of PV-TE components not only overcomes productivity limitations in passive solar desalination but also offers an autonomous desalination solution with low environmental impact. This research contributes to the development of self-sufficient water infrastructure that can be replicated in coastal communities with abundant solar intensity.

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