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Dr. drg. Munifah Abdat, M.A.R.S., FISDPH, FISPD
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Cakradonya Dental Journal
Published by Universitas Syiah Kuala
ISSN : 2085546X     EISSN : 26224720     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24815/cdj.v18i1.624
Core Subject :
Cakradonya Dental Journal (CDJ) aims to publish original research articles relevant to dental care, oral health, general dentistry, dental materials, medicine, and public health. It also publishes conceptual articles and case reports.
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Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Bioactivity Evaluation of Hydroxyapatite–Salacca Zalacca Peel Extract–Collagen Formulation for Dental Pulp Regeneration Material: In Vitro Study Heidi Edwina Halim; Elline; Melaniwati; Eddy
Cakradonya Dental Journal Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026): February
Publisher : FKG Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/cdj.v18i1.617

Abstract

Regenerative endodontic therapy can restore the pulp–dentin complex through the use of biocompatible materials that promote cell viability and migration. Salacca zalacca peel extract contains polyphenols and antioxidants with potential that to enhance cellular activity. Hydroxyapatite (HAP) exhibits biomimetic properties similar to dentin mineral, and collagen (COL) supports cell adhesion, proliferation, and structural integrity. This study aimed to investigate the cytocompatibility and migratory response of hDPSCs toward HAP–SAL–COL formulations with varying SAL concentrations as potential materials for regenerative endodontic applications. An experimental post-test-only control group design was performed using 4% HAP synthesized from eggshells combined with SAL extract at 5%, 10%, and 15%, along with collagen. Cytotoxicity was determined at 24 hours using the MTT assay, while cell migration was evaluated for 24 hours by scratch assay. Cell viability ranged from 107% to 115%, indicating non-cytotoxicity and enhanced metabolic activity. The HAP + SAL 5% + COL group demonstrated highest migration rate (24.96 ± 4.00%), significantly than control group (p<0.05). In conclusion, the HAP+SAL5%+COL formulation exhibits good biocompatibility, suggesting its potential as bioactive material for regenerative endodontic therapy in vital pulp treatment.
Formulation and Evaluation of Elephant Ginger Essential Oil-Chitosan Nanospray: Antibacterial Activity against P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 and Cytotoxicity on Gingival Fibroblasts Indira Larasati Dewi; Archadian Nuryanti; Indah Titien Soeprihati; Sri Raharjo; Qurrotul A&#039;yun
Cakradonya Dental Journal Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026): February
Publisher : FKG Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/cdj.v18i1.618

Abstract

In the oral cavity, Porphyromonas gingivalis is a dominant periodontal pathogen associated with gingivitis. Elephant ginger essential oil exhibits antibacterial properties, while chitosan functions as a drug delivery agent that enhances the bioavailability of active compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of nanosprays combining elephant ginger essential oil and chitosan in inhibiting P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 growth and to assess the effect of increasing essential oil concentration on human gingival fibroblast (HGF) cell viability. This in vitro experimental study included nanospray formulations containing ginger essential oil at concentrations of 7.5%, 12.5%, and 17.5% combined with 1% chitosan. Antibacterial activity was assessed using the agar diffusion on Mueller–Hinton agar with five replicates. HGF cell viability was evaluated using the MTT assay at 24, 48, and 72 hours. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, post-hoc LSD tests, Spearman correlation, and linear regression. All nanospray formulations met the standards for nanoemulsion and oral spray preparations. The largest inhibition zone was observed in the 17.5% group (17.87 mm). All nanosprays significantly inhibited P. gingivalis (p= 0.000); however, increasing essential oil concentration reduced HGF cell viability. The nanospray containing 12.5% elephant ginger essential oil and 1% chitosan is the optimal concentration, maintaining the ISO-recommended safety limit of 70% cell viability while providing effective antibacterial activity for the management of gingivitis, particularly in pediatric patients.
Exclusive Breastfeeding And Orofacial Development: A Systematic Review Of Its Preventive Role In Childhood Malocclusion Dwi Lisa Nuraini; Dani Septama Syahrial; Felianda Thalia Ramadhanty; Dita Tri Ramadianty
Cakradonya Dental Journal Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026): February
Publisher : FKG Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/cdj.v18i1.620

Abstract

Malocclusion is a common dentocraniofacial condition influenced by early-life functional behaviors. Breastfeeding has been proposed to promote optimal orofacial development through physiologic suckling patterns. This review aimed to systematically evaluate the association between exclusive breastfeeding and orofacial development, particularly the prevention of childhood malocclusion. This review followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A literature searches were conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, OpenAlex, and Publish or Perish. Observational studies assessing exclusive or non-exclusive breastfeeding and orofacial outcomes in children were included. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment used the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tools. Due to heterogeneity, findings were synthesized narratively. Eight studies (one prospective cohort, two retrospective cohorts, five cross-sectional) consistently showed that exclusive or prolonged breastfeeding was associated with a lower risk of malocclusion—particularly anterior open bite and crossbite—and with more favorable craniofacial dimensions such as wider dental arches and increased palatal depth. Non-nutritive sucking habits attenuated or reversed these effects. Exclusive breastfeeding may support healthier orofacial development and reduced odds of certain malocclusion traits in childhood. These findings reinforce WHO recommendations and highlight the importance of integrating breastfeeding counseling into routine pediatric–dental care.
Healthcare Access Barriers, Socioeconomic, and Perceived Dental Needs Associated with Dental Self-Treatment Among Non-Utilizing Adults Fadli Alwi; Eka Julianti; Lia Handayani
Cakradonya Dental Journal Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026): February
Publisher : FKG Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/cdj.v18i1.624

Abstract

Dental self-treatment represent a significant public health challenge in Indonesia, accompanied by persistently low utilization of professional dental services. This study investigated the association between barriers to healthcare access and dental self-treatment among adults in Aceh, Indonesia, while adjusting for socioeconomic factors and perceived dental health needs. This cross-sectional study analysed data from N=11,061 non-users of dental services with reported dental and oral health needs (aged ≥25 years) derived from the 2023 Indonesian National Health Survey (SKI). Multilevel Poisson regression was applied to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The results show prevalence of dental self-treatment was 47.7%, with significant district-level variation (VPC=3.83%). After adjusting for covariates, prolonged waiting time (PR=1.48; 95% CI: 1.35–1.63) and financial constraints (PR=1.20; 95% CI: 1.05–1.37) were associated with self-treatment. A cumulative effects following a dose-response pattern: individuals experiencing only one healthcare access barrier  had a higher prevalence of self-treatment (PR=1.43; 95% CI: 1.27–1.60), while those facing three barriers (waiting time, financial constraints, and distance) showed an even stronger association (PR=2.01; 95% CI: 1.63–2.47). These findings may reflect a systemic access limitations. The higher prevalence of dental self-treatment may be explained by the coexistence of clinical urgency, structural barriers, and socioeconomic vulnerabilities.
Orthodontic-Surgical Management of Class III Malocclusion with Mandibular Asymmetry: A Case Report eka setyawardana; Wanda Karisma Dian Sari; Windy Yuliartanti
Cakradonya Dental Journal Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026): February
Publisher : FKG Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/cdj.v18i1.637

Abstract

Skeletal Class III malocclusion is a complex dentofacial deformity with multifactorial etiology, most commonly associated with maxillary deficiency. This skeletal discrepancy may negatively affect facial esthetics and is frequently accompanied by pronounced facial asymmetry. In moderate to severe cases, particularly after growth completion, definitive correction typically requires a combination of orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery to achieve functional occlusion and improve facial harmony. This case report describes the treatment of a 16-year-old patient with skeletal Class III malocclusion characterized by transverse maxillary constriction, unilateral posterior open bite on the left side, anterior crossbite, and unilateral posterior crossbite. The patient also presented significant negative dentoalveolar discrepancy in the maxillary arch. Extraoral examination revealed maxillary hypoplasia, increased lower anterior facial height, a concave facial profile, and facial asymmetry with mandibular deviation to the left. Treatment was performed in three sequential phases: presurgical orthodontic decompensation, orthognathic surgery to correct the skeletal discrepancy, and postsurgical orthodontic finishing. The patient demonstrated stable intercuspation, satisfactory masticatory efficiency, and marked improvement in facial symmetry and profile. These findings indicate that an integrated orthodontic–surgical approach can effectively address both functional and esthetic concerns in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion accompanied by facial asymmetry.
Effectiveness of Toothpaste and Mouthwash Containing Ethanol Extract of Butterfly Pea Flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) in Inhibiting Streptococcus mutans: A Causative Agent of Dental Caries Dendy Murdiyanto Mur; Sartari Entin Yuletnawati; Mutiara Aurellia Widyarini; Sabrina Belqis Putri Salami
Cakradonya Dental Journal Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026): February
Publisher : FKG Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/cdj.v18i1.638

Abstract

The high prevalence of dental caries in developing countries, including Indonesia, underpins this study. Dental caries is primarily caused by Streptococcus mutans, a bacterium responsible for tooth decay. Toothpaste and mouthwash are commonly used to maintain oral hygiene. The butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) contains bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins, which exhibit antibacterial properties and may inhibit bacterial growth. This study evaluates the antibacterial effects of toothpaste and mouthwash formulated with ethanol extract of butterfly pea flower against Streptococcus mutans. A true experimental laboratory design was applied, using a post-test-only control group model with six treatment groups. Toothpaste formulations were prepared at concentrations of 50%, 55%, 60%, and 65%, along with positive and negative control groups. Mouthwash formulations were evaluated at concentrations of 50%, 60%, 65%, and 70%, also including corresponding control groups. Each experimental group was tested in quadruplicateThe results of the study analyzed using the one-way ANOVA test showed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) in antibacterial efficacy among the groups. The highest inhibition was observed with the combination of 50% toothpaste and 60% mouthwash. This finding indicates that butterfly pea flower extract falls into the category of strong antibacterial agents, based on the interpretation of the agar diffusion test, which was effective in inhibiting Streptococcus mutans, the bacterium responsible for dental caries.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORAL HEALTH SYMPTOMS AND MENTAL HEALTH AMONG ADOLESCENTS Pipiet Okti Kusumastiwi; Rr. Tesaviani Kusumastiwi; Wustha Farani; Tri Wahyuni Sukesi
Cakradonya Dental Journal Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026): February
Publisher : FKG Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/cdj.v18i1.651

Abstract

Adolescence is a critical developmental phase marked by increased vulnerability to mental health problems, which significantly impact various aspects of well-being, including oral health. The aim was to analyze the relationship between mental health and the experience of oral symptoms among adolescents in Kotagede, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This cross-sectional analytical study involved 60 adolescents aged 10–19 years. Data were collected using structured questionnaires assessing general characteristics, mental health, and oral symptoms. Chi-square tests and logistic regression were used for analysis. The study found significant associations between mental health and oral symptoms. Higher levels of depression, anxiety (mild to severe), and stress (slight to high) were significantly related to increased incidences of toothache and gingival bleeding. Adolescents experiencing sadness, hopelessness, loneliness, and suicidal ideation were also more likely to report oral health problems. Gingival bleeding was particularly associated with psychological stressors. These findings suggest that physiological mechanisms and behavioral changes mediate the connection between mental and oral health.
Flavonoids in the Prevention and Management of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Liza Meutia Sari; Dina Keumala Sari; Suzana Makpol
Cakradonya Dental Journal Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026): February
Publisher : FKG Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/cdj.v18i1.702

Abstract

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for the majority of occurrences of oral cancer, which is a common problem worldwide. Although standard treatments such as chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery available may have adverse side effects. A promising substitute for available modality therapies is molecular gene therapy, which targets genetic alterations connected to oral cancer. The purpose of this review is to explore the potential therapeutic benefits of flavonoids in OSCC prevention and treatment, based on epidemiological studies, in vitro and in vivo studies, and clinical trials. In this study, we reviewed 46 journals related to the efficacy of flavonoids in synthetic form or in plant herbs grouped them by 8 types of flavonoids, 8 countries that conducted flavonoid and oral cancer research, and 4 types of oral cancer inducer used. Our results showed the potential of natural flavonoids in molecular genetic disturbance and demonstrated their effect on oral cancer cells by causing apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and inhibiting proliferation. The strategy of using flavonoids as therapy has the potential to lower death risks for oral squamous cell carcinoma and open the door to novel adjuvant medicines.
Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs): A Paradigm Shift in Next-Generation Dental Filling Composites Khalid Zainulabdeen; Raghda Alasyeed; Hanan Ibrahiem; Amir Hassan; Muna Bufaroosha; Atheel H Alwash; Ahmed Ahmed; Abeer Erfan; Saba Hamza; Rahimi M Yusop; Emad Yousif
Cakradonya Dental Journal Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026): February
Publisher : FKG Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/cdj.v18i1.709

Abstract

Restorative dentistry today faces two main problems that limit the long-term success of dental restorations. Resin-based composites (RBCs) provide better aesthetics than amalgams, they are biologically inert and lack long-term structural durability, often requiring replacement over time. Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) have recently emerged as a new class of crystalline hybrid nanofillers and functional nanomaterials in restorative dentistry. This material comprised of metal ions or clusters linked by organic linkers. This study assesses the potential of MOFs compounds to overcome the key limitations of conventional dental composites. Particular attention is given to their tunable properties, drug-loading capacity, and controlled degradation behavior, especially in biocompatible systems such as Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks (ZIFs) and University of Oslo (UiO) frameworks. These characteristics enable sustained antimicrobial release to combat bacterial biofilms, as well as ion release that supports dentin remineralization. In addition, MOFs are evaluated for their role as novel reinforcing fillers, contributing to key mechanical properties such as flexural strength and fracture resistance. Overall, MOFs offer a promising and versatile platform to transform dental composites from purely restorative fillers into durable, biocompatible improved clinical performance.    
A Cytotoxic Test of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Black Sea Cucumber (Holothuria Atra) from Mentawai on HSC-3 Squamous Cell Carcinoma agung hasnila delfi; Utmi Arma; Dhona Afriza; Okmes Faridyanti; Fauzia Nilam Orienty
Cakradonya Dental Journal Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026): February
Publisher : FKG Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/cdj.v18i1.719

Abstract

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a malignancy with high global mortality rate. The black sea cucumber (Holothuria atra) is known to contains bioactive compounds such as triterpene glycosides and saponins that exhibit potential anticancer potential. This study evaluated the cytotoxic activity of ethyl acetate extract of Holothuria atra against HSC-3 cells using the MTT assay and determined the IC₅₀ value. An experimental laboratory study was conducted using concentrations of 10, 20, 40, and 80 µg/mL (triplicate). Statistical analysis included univariate analysis, one-way ANOVA, and nonlinear dose-response regression. The results showed significant reduction in cell viability with increasing extract concentrations (p < 0.05). The IC₅₀ value was 41.68 µg/mL, which falls into the category of moderate cytotoxicity according to the National Cancer Institute criteria. The ethyl acetate extract of Holothuria atra demonstrates moderate cytotoxic activity against HSC-3 cells and has potential as an anticancer candidate.

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