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Jurnal Akademika Biologi
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26219824     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Jurnal Akademika Biologi diterbitkan oleh Departemen Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Universitas Diponegoro Semarang. Jurnal ini sebagai media publikasi hasil karya ilmiah lulusan S1 Departemen Biologi. Jurnal Akademika Biologi menerima artikel-artikel yang berhubungan dengan bidang ilmu biologi.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 5 No. 2 April 2016" : 10 Documents clear
PENGARUH JARAK TANAM PADA METODE LONGLINE TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN RENDEMEN AGAR Gracilaria verrucosa (Hudson) PAPENFUSS Ayu Sofiana Desy; Munifatul Izzati; Erma Prihastanti
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 2 April 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Gracilaria verrucosa is seaweed that is highly potential to be developed. One Factor that can affect on growth G.verrucosa  is farming method. The aim of this research is to study the effect distance in longline methods on growth and agar rendement. This research was designed by completely randomized design, which consists of 3 treatments. Each treatment was repeated six times. The treatment were P1 (Planting in distance of 15 cm), P2 (Planting in distance of 25 cm) and P3 (Planting in distance of 35 cm). Parameters measured were biomass, dry weight, absolute and spesfic growth rate and also agar rendement. Resulted data was analysized by analysis of variance with significance level is 5% (P = 0.05). Results showed, that in distance of 15 cm the biomass was 168,73 g, dry weight was 11,89 g, absolute growth rate was 9,81%, spesific growth rate is was 2,3 % and agar rendement was 11.06%. In distance of  25 cm the biomass was 179,91 g, dry weight was 14,85 g, absolute growth rate was 11,43%, specific growth rate was 2,6% and agar rendemen was 11,06%, while in distance of 35 cm the biomass was 167,83 g, dry weight was 13,34 g, absolute growth rate was 9,69%, specific growth rate was 2,21% and agar rendemen was 11%.  It can be concluded that in distance of 25 cm resulted in better productivity of Gracilaria verrucosa.  Keywords:    Gracilaria verrucosa, planting distance, longline, growth,  agar rendemen
ISOLASI BAKTERIOFAG Salmonella spp. dari BIOFILM pada SISTEM AIR MINUM ISI ULANG Rahayu Damayanti; Siti Nur Jannah; w wijanarka; Sri Hartin Rahaju
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 2 April 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

The public demands for the refill drinking water increases causing the development of refill drinking water industries. However, the problems occurred is no standard method to process drinking water with sterile and lack of government oversight. These cases give rise to sanitation which is the formation of bacteria pathogen forming biofilms in refill drinking water system. One of the bacteria pathogens is Salmonella. Salmonella in refill drinking water can cause diarrhea, because it can produce cytotoxin and enterotoxin. Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria. This study aims to find natural isolates of bacteriophage from biofilm samples to infect Salmonella spp. in refill drinking water system. The isolates obtained is then characterized by biochemical test including Gram stain, a test Kligler Iron Agar (KIA) and api assay 20 E. The positive Salmonella spp. isolates are in the second dilution refill drinking water depot. The isolation of bacteriophage from biofilm is conducted with bacteriophages amplification and bacteriophage filtrate. The Infection test is performed by using Salmonella enterica, Salmonella 7A1 from Teluk Ambon and Salmonella spp. from refill drinking water depot. Platting is performed on serial dilutions of 10-2 to 10-10phage dilution. Positive result is characterized by the formation of plaque which is in source water samples, water product and drinking water depot. The number of plaques formed is calculated by Plaque Forming Units (PFU/mL) to determine quantification or calculation phages.
PENGARUH BEBERAPA KONSENTRASI MOLASE TERHADAP KUALITAS AIR PADA AKUARIUM IKAN BANDENG Meiza Putri; Fuad Muhammad; Jafron Wasiq Hidayat; Sapto Raharjo
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 2 April 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

In 2013, the national aquaculture production is targeted to support the 14.8 million tons. One kultivan cultivated namely milkfish (Chanos chanos). Artificial feeding may lead to excessive tercernanya can not feed the fish, so that the necessary alternative fermented feed for fish growth. This study aims to assess the effect of several concentrations of molasses to the growth of fish. Research conducted in last August until October 2015. The method used is feeding pellets as much as 1 gram. Giving fermented feed ( molasses ) of 0 % , 2 % , 5 % and 7 % with three replications at 08.00 am today and measurement media quality water on the logs do every single week. Measurements were made using a DO meter, pH meter, thermometer and measuring Ammonia No3, No2, Fosfart, alkalinity and Tom were analyzed at the Laboratory of Physics - Chemistry BBPBAP. Analysis of the data used is using ANOVA test and Duncan Multile Range Test (DMRT). Results showed the effect of several concentrations Award (molasses) containing the bacteria Bacillus sp. and the most optimal pellet feed to the media quality of water present in a concentration of 2%. This is due to the lower molasses, can be absorbed by the fish so it is not the piling at the base of the aquarium. While the concentration of 5% and 7% are less than optimal. It thus allegedly because the feed is too much carbohydrates, can increase the potential for growth of pathogenic bacteria in the bottom of the aquarium
ISOLASI BAKTERIOFAG Escherichia coli DARI SISTEM DISTRIBUSI AIR MINUM ISI ULANG SEBAGAI ANTIBIOFILM Dani Sukma Saefunida; W Wijanarka; MG Isworo Rukmi; Novik Nur Hidayat
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 2 April 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

E. coli termasuk golongan bakteri koliform sebagai indikator kualitas air yang dapat membentuk biofilm pada sistem distribusi air minum isi ulang. Biofilm tersebut dapat menyebabkan kontaminasi dan penyebaran penyakit. Bakteriofag yang memiliki kemampuan dalam melisiskan inang dapat dijadikan solusi permasalahan tersebut. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengisolasi bakteriofag E. coli dari sistem distribusi air minum isi ulang dan menguji aktivitas antibiofilm. Isolasi bakteriofag dilakukan dengan metode plaque assay, sedangkan uji aktivitas antibiofilm menggunakan metode microtiter plate assay. Sampel yang digunakan adalah biofilm dari pipa sumber air, tangki penyimpanan depot air minum dan produk air minum isi ulang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bakteriofag E. coli dapat diperoleh dari masing-masing sampel dan memiliki aktivitas antibiofilm. Kata Kunci : Antibiofilm, Bakteriofag, E. coli.
PENGARUH CARA PEMUPUKAN PUPUK CAIR NANOSILIKA MELALUI MEDIUM & PENYEMPROTAN PADA PERTUMBUHAN SUBKULTUR BIBIT ANGGREK Dyah Ayu Kusuma Ningrum; Erma Prihastanti; Endah Dwi Hastuti; Agus Subagyo
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 2 April 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

One way to increase supply orchid seedlings by subculture. Subculture of orchids often have hyperhidrisition. Hyperhidrisition can be overcome by unsure silica. This study aims to determine the effect of different ways through spraying fertilizer with the addition of fertilizer in the medium and analyze the results of the most effective influence on the growth of subculture of orchids. The study was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) with a single factor nanosilica fertilizer treatment in the medium and through spraying and each treatment was repeated three times. The treatment in this study are as follows: liquid fertilizer nanosilica M0K0 = 0% in the medium, liquid fertilizer nanosilica M0K1 = 75% in the medium, liquid fertilizer nanosilica M1K0 = 0% through spraying and liquid fertilizer nanosilica M1K1 = 75% by spraying. The data obtained were analyzed by ANOVA significance level of 95%. The results showed nanosilica fertilizer through spraying and the medium Vacint and Went (VW) increased the growth of subcultures Dendrobium sp. Liquid fertilizer application nanosilica with a concentration of 75% through the subculture medium most effectively promote the growth of plantlets subculture Dendrobium sp. Keywords: Dendrobium sp., subculture, fertilization, spraying, nanosilica
EFEKTIVITAS PAKAN DENGAN SUPLEMENTASI DAGING IKAN GABUS (Channa Striata) TERHADAP PERBAIKAN HISTOLOGIS DUODENUM TIKUS WISTAR SETELAH MENGALAMI PENGONDISIAN STRES FISIOLOGIS Rudi Juandi Gultom; S Sunarno; Siti Muflichatun Mardiati
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 2 April 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Physiological Stress and nutritional deficiencies that followed excessive activity is a trigger factor disturbance structure and function of the duodenum. Organ in the duodenum has the ability to regenerate periodically after experiencing problems due to physiological stress. Nutrient content of feed determine organ regeneration process duodenum of the small intestine. This study was conducted to assess, analyze and determine the concentration of fish meat cork to increase in diameter, villous length, the thickness of the layer of the mucosa, submucosa and muscularis duodenum of Wistar rats after conditioning the physiological stress.This study used 20 male Wistar rats consisted of 5 treatments with 4 replications. The treatment in this study consisted of P0: control, test animals were conditioned stress followed six days of feeding without supplementation with fish meat cork; P1, P2, P3, and P4 are test animals that were conditioned stress for 6 days and fed with supplementation of fish meat cork for 14 days, respectively 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% of the time after conditioning stress. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD). The parameters measured in this study is the diameter, villous length and thickness of the layers of mucosa, submucosa, and muscularis duodenum of the small intestine. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan test with 95% significance level. The results of this study are feeding the fish meat cork can improve the structure of histologic duodenum after  stress conditioning and feeding with supplementation of fish meat cork with a concentration of 15% giving effect to increase in diameter, the length of villi, and the thickness of the lining mucosa, submucosa, and muscularis duodenum, respectively -turut 2520 μm, 576.34 μm, 506 μm, 123.34 μm and 72.34 μm respectively higher 23.43%, 46.37%, 45.26%, 50.31%, and 22 , 95% compared to controls. It concluded supplementation with fish meat cork in feed can be used to improve the structure and function of post-stress duodenum.Keywords: stress, supplements, duodenum, cork fish, Channa striata, Wistar
PEMBERIAN KOMBINASI PUPUK DAUN GANDASIL D DENGAN PUPUK NANO-SILIKA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT MANGROVE (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza) Widi Hastuti; Erma Prihastanti; Sri Haryanti; Agus Subagyo
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 2 April 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Increased damage to mangrove forests are increasingly threatened mangrove making function is reduced. Sustainability of mangrove forest areas depend on seedlings. Mangrove Nutrition is important, especially during the breeding. The addition of fertilizer leaves by spraying the leaves can maximize fertilizer efficiency. Dry environmental conditions and high stress on the lives of mangroves to make silica used in improving the sustainability of mangrove. This research aim to analyze the effect of the combination of Gandasil D leaf fertilizer and nanosilica fertilizer and analyze the optimal concentration of combination Gandasil D leaf fertilizer and nanosilica fertilizer  in mangrove plant seeds (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza) growth. Research conducted with Complete Random Design with one factor. There are 6 treatments: control, leaf fertilizer 75% + 25% Nanosilica, leaf fertilizer 50% + 50%, leaf fertilizer 25% + 75% Nanosilica, Nanosilica 100%, leaf fertilizer 100%. The experiments  was conducted with 5 replicates. The parameters observed, amount of leaves, leaf area, high of plants, amount of chlorophyll and leaf color. Supporting parameters include temperature, pH, moisture and air. Analysis of the data used is ANOVA followed by further test of Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the 95% significance level. The results indicate that the combination of leaf fertilizer and Nanosilica effect on growth (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza). The combination of optimum fertilization in increasing growth that is 50% leaf fertilizer and 50% Nanosilica. Keywords: mangrove, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza,  Gandasil D leaf fertilizer, nanosilika fertilizer
KERAGAMAN GENETIK JAHE (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK PENANDA MOLEKULER Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Choirul Rizka Putri; Hermin Pancasakti Kusumaningrum; Endang Kusdiyantini
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 2 April 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Ginger plant in Indonesia is known there are three kinds of varieties, namely red ginger, emprit ginger and big ginger. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is one of the medicinal plants that could potentially be produced in increasing quantities and wide distribution in Indonesia that may affect patterns of genetic diversity. This study aims to determine patterns of genetic diversity of three varieties of ginger (red ginger, big ginger and emprit ginger) obtained from BALITRO, Bogor and BPTP, Ungaran using two primers (OPA1 and OPA2). Techniques of molecular markers RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) is one of the techniques used for the analysis of genetic diversity. The study begins by isolating DNA from 30 samples of ginger leaves, then amplification with primers OPA1 and OPA2 which then results of electrophoresis converted into the form of binary data and phylogenetic tree construction with 2:02 NYTSYS program. The results obtained are worth a total of 20 polymorphic band (86.9%) and 3 pita monomorphic (13%) with primary OPA1 and OPA2. Heterozygosity values in a row is worth 0.9026 and 0.889. Distance genetic similarities in this sample has the highest value is 1 and the lowest is 0.3. The relationship between the three varieties of big ginger are distant relationship with red ginger and emprit ginger. Red ginger and emprit ginger still have a close genetic relationship. Key Word               : Genetic Diversity, Zingiber officinale, RAPD
UJI EFIKASI BEBERAPA ISOLAT BAKTERI ENTOMOPATOGEN TERHADAP KECOA (Orthoptera) Periplaneta americana (L.) DAN Blatella germanica (L.) DALAM SKALA LABORATORIUM Monaliza Sekar Rini; Rully Rahadian; mochamad Hadi; Deni Zulfiana
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 2 April 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Cockroaches are the insect vectors of disease that can cause adverse effects on human health. Control cockroaches excessive use of insecticides can lead to residues in the environment and resistance cockroach. Therefore it is necessary to control the use of alternatives such as by biological agents such as entomopathogenic bacteria. This research used two isolates of entomopathogenic bacteria isolated from Spodoptera litura were found dead, Bacillus thuringiensis IPBCC collection and sterile distilled water as a control. Tests conducted by the spray and bait method at a concentration of 108. The results showed that all isolates entomopathogenic bacteria used in this research can cause mortality of cockroaches. Morphological observation and Koch's postulates test showed that the mortality of cockroaches likely caused by bacterial isolates were granted. SP4 bacterial isolates using spray method provides the highest mortality was 26.67% of the P. americana and 80% against B. germanica. Isolates of B. thuringiensis using bait influence the highest mortality of 10% of the P. americana and 6.67% against B. germanica. LT-50 was the most effective method of treatment of bacterial isolates SP4 spray against B. germanica was 2 hours 30 minutes 46 seconds.Keywords: Biological control, entomopathogenic bacterial, efficacy test
ETHNOBOTANY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN VUNATUI CLAN OF THE TOLAI SOCIETY IN EAST NEW BRITAIN PROVINCE, PAPUA NEW GUINEA Felicitas Bureng; J Jumari; Jafron Wasiq Hidayat
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 2 April 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Traditional knowledge of medicinal plant use in many regions of Papua New Guinea and the East New Britain Province is poorly described and rapidly disappearing due to some factors like religion and outside influence that may have contributed to the fading away of indigenous knowledge within each ethnic group. The main aim of this  research was to identify some of the plants used as medicinal plants in the Vunatui clan of the Tolai society in East New Britain, PNG and determine the type of disease or conditions being treated by these plants and how the plants are being prepared. The main data of this researched was compiled through consultation and interview with three of the traditional doctors “tena dawai” within the clan who helped to provide the information on plants used as medicine. Although most of the traditional or indigenous knowledge in East New Britain are based on secrecy and must be paid for in some circumstances if one wants to learn or know about it, the medicinal doctors were willing to provide information after they were made aware of the purpose and benefit of this research. There were about 50 species of plants gathered in this research and there is variation shown among the plants. The plants range from herbaceous to vines, shrubs and trees and were found on the coastal areas to mid- mountains of the area of study. Different methods of preparartion were used but the most common method used was infusion. From the methods of applications that were used, oral administration was the most common.Key words: Traditional medicinal plants, Vunatui Clan, tena dawai,

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