cover
Article Per Year (5 Year)
All
Home Page
OAI Link
Editorial Team
Contact
Reviewer
Google Scholar
Contact Name
-
Contact Email
-
Phone
-
Journal Mail Official
-
Editorial Address
-
Location
Kota semarang,
Jawa tengah
INDONESIA
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI adalah jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro untuk mempublikasikan karya ilmiah - karya ilmiah mahasiswa Program S1 Teknik Kimia Undip.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 44 Documents
 1   2   3   4   5 
Search results for , issue "Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013" : 44 Documents clear
PENGARUH LARUTAN ALKALI DAN YEAST TERHADAP KADAR ASAM, KAFEIN, DAN LEMAK PADA PROSES PEMBUATAN KOPI FERMENTASI Nurul Hanifah; Desy Kurniawati
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (258.341 KB)

Abstract

Low-caffeine coffee currently produced in our country is very widespread, ranging from methods dekafeinasi, fermented animal luwak, wet methodsfermentationt have been developed in several coffee factory in Indonesia. According Pranoto Soenarto, Indonesia is the third largest coffee producer in the world after Brazil and Vietnam. It makes coffee as a commodity Pexport crops that have a relatively high economic value in the world market. The goal in this research is to make coffee with a balanced content, and good for the body. The method developed in this study is fermented with the addition of an alkaline solution method for the continued fermentation with yeast, which methods will be compared to the animal mongoose fermentation method, and wet fermentation methods. The results of the comparison is realized by comparing caffeine, acids, fats, and organoleptic. Methods adding lye and then do the fermentation by yeast is divided into several variables, fermentation by lye and long fermentation time. Based on the research conducted, it can be concluded that the presence of these three methods as variables changed significantly decreased the levels of acid, caffeine and fat content compared with standard, and fatty acids for the traditional coffee or regular processing. The low levels of acid fermenta caffeine tion is the method by animal mongoose, and yeast fermentation method and fermentation method followed by a wet, while acidity by fermentation of yeast, the addition of NaOH solution can significantly reduce the high acid, compared with the variable addition of other alkaline solutions. As for the caffeine, the caffeine content is low in the animal mongoose fermentation method, and then fermenting yeast and fermentation followed by damp. For the low fat content is the yeast fermentation method, to be followed by fermentation mongoose and wet fermentation. Meanwhile, by comparing the addition of alkali, NaOH variables are variables which contain acids, fats and caffeine are the lowest compared with the other variables. For variable length of fermentation time, 10 hours of fermentation is a variable length of time of fermentation is best, in a sense are optimal compared to 20 hours and 30 hours of fermentation.
PAKAN APUNG ARTIFASIAL UNTUK BUDIDAYA IKAN LELE PENGARUH NAIC DAN NUTRISI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN IKAN LELE DENGAN METODE FCR (FEED CONVERSION RATIO) Agung Sri Widiarto; Bambang Agung Purwoko; R.P Djoko Murwono
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (93.051 KB)

Abstract

Lele merupakan salah satu komoditas pangan yang memiliki kandungan protein tinggi. Kebutuhan lele yang terus meningkat berbanding lurus dengan meningkatnya kebutuhan pakan lele.  Mahalnya pakan lele mendorong untuk membuat pakan artifasial lele yang efisien dan optimal, dengan komposisi yang sesuai dan kandungan nutrisi yang tepat  agar dihasilkan lele yang berkualitas. Tujuan ditambahkan NOPKOR agar lele dapat tumbuh secara optimal dalam waktu yang cepat dan sedangkan NAIC agar lele kebal terhadap serangan penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan  mengetahui kondisi lele dari segi kesehatan, pertumbuhan, dan konversi pakan yang sesuai untuk mencapai FCR (Feed Component Ratio).
PENGERINGAN GABAH MENGGUNAKAN ZEOLIT 3A PADA ALAT UNGGUN TERFLUIDISASI Djoko Mulyono; Jefri Chandra Runanda; R Ratnawati; M. Djaeni
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (214.533 KB)

Abstract

Indonesia sebagai negara agraris memiliki tanah yang subur dan hasil pertanian yang melimpah, salah satu hasil pertanian tersebut adalah gabah. Produksi gabah di Indonesia termasuk tiga besar penghasil gabah dunia. Penanganan gabah di Indonesia sering kali terkendala dengan masalah pengeringan. Masih banyak di Indonesia para petani menggunakan cahaya matahari sebagai media pengering, tentu hal ini tidak selalu menguntungkan karena cuaca di Indonesia tidak selalu cerah dan pengeringan menggunakan cahaya matahari ini membutuhkan waktu yang lama, sehingga dibutuhkan proses pengeringan yang lebih efisien dari segi energi dan waktu pengeringan, maka dari itu digunakan pengeringan dengan menggunakan zeolit sintetis. Pada proses pengeringan ini lebih efisien karena proses perpindahan panas dan massa terjadi secara simultan di dalam unggun terfluidisasi. Bahan yang dikeringkan dikontakkan dengan gas panas sehingga dengan panas tersebut dapat menguapkan uap air yang terdapat pada bahan dan dengan ditambahakannya zeolit sehingga udara menjadi lebih kering yang dapat mempercepat proses pengeringan sehingga lebih efisien. Pada pengeringan ini digunakan beberapa variabel diantaranya suhu 30-60oC, flow rate udara 2-5 m/s dan perbandingan gabah dan zeolit 40, 60, 80 dan 100 % gabah dan variabel yang diamati adalah 5 gr gabah setiap 5 menit. Dari hasil percobaan diperoleh temperatur yang baik untuk proses pengeringan adalah pada suhu 60oC, untuk variabel flow rate yang paling baik adalah pada kecepatan udara sebesar 5 m/s dan untuk variabel perbandingan gabah dan zeolit yang paling baik adalah pada perbandingan gabah : zeolit sebesar 40 : 60.
POTENSI JUS JERUK NIPIS (CITRUS AURANTIFOLIA) SEBAGAI BAHAN PENGKELAT DALAM PROSES PEMURNIAN MINYAK NILAM (PATCHOULI OIL) DENGAN METODE KOMPLEKSOMETRI Arkie Septiana A.; Frans Arienata H.; Andri Cahyo Kumoro
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1158.134 KB)

Abstract

Lime Juice Potential as Chelating Agent in Patchouli Oil Purification Using Complexometry MethodPatchouli oil is one of the export commodities that have high economical value for Indonesia. In general, patchouli oil obtained from the hydrodistillation of patchouli leaves. Most industries are still using patchouli oil refiners made of ferrous metal. As this process takes place at high temperatures, water vapor will contain a lot of dissolved oxygen that is corrosive and causes iron to rust easily. The rust will dissolve in patchouli oil obtained and led to the resulting of dark oil and patchouli aroma becomes weaker. This situation led to a lower market price of patchouli oil. One method that can be used to purify is complexometry method with citric acid as the chelating agent. This certainly not familiar to farmers, therefore this study tried to simplify this process by finding a material that easily found by the common people. Orange juice contains citric acid which is enough to be used as a chelating agent, other than that lemon is a fruit that are easy to obtain in the community at abundant and the price is cheap. Therefore lemon juice was chosen as an alternative chelating material. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of operating temperature, concentration of the chelating agent and the stirring time in the chelating process and find out the extent to which lemon juice can be used as a chelating agent. The treatments tested consisted of (1) the concentrations of citric acid, which are 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 4%; (2) Temperatures operation of the refinery. That are 30oC, 50 oC, and 75 oC, (3) agitation times, namely 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 minutes. Assessment of the results of purification is based on clarity, levels of Fe2+, and the content of the main components in patchouli oil refining results. Purification results showed that the increase in temperature causes the formation of complex ions faster to achieve equilibrium. The increase in the concentration of the citric acid led to complex ion formation process more quickly to achieve phase equilibrium. The best concentration was 1% combined with the use of temperature of 75 oC. Refined patchouli oil results have Fe2+ levels as low as 22.731 ppm. Based on the physical traits, the main constituent component content, and the Fe2+ content, refined patchouli oil meets the requirements of the Indonesian National Standards.
PENINGKATAN KADAR EUGENOL PADA MINYAK ATSIRI CENGKEH DENGAN METODE SAPONIFIKASI-DISTILASI VAKUM Machmud Lutfi H; Wisnu Jati N; Aprilina Purbasari
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (123.676 KB)

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to study the saponification and vacuum distillation process to isolate eugenol from clove essential oils and get the optimum condition from this process.Eugenol is a compound that is used in many industries, such as perfume, flavouring, pesticides and anesthetic. In this era, the clove essential oils are available in market including 70% of eugenol. But the industry needs more than 90% eugenol included. So, we need the efficience process to increase its purity. And the process we use in this research is saponification-vacuum disltilation. The experimental design used in this research is the variation of NaOH normality and the temperature operation of distilllation.The NaOH normalities are from 0,3 to 1,2 N, and the temperature operation of distilllation are 170 o, 195 o, 220o C. The procedure of this research is mixing 70% clove essential oils with NaOH . After the solution has became homogeneous, let it stand into two layers, water and Na-eugenol. Separate the organic layer, and add HCl to the Na-eugenol till the pH down into 3-4. And then separate them. The higher layer that is 80 % eugenol is entered to the distilation tube. Run the distilation process with fixed temperature and vacuum pressure (6x10-2 kPa). After distillation process we got the weightest mass of eugenol at the temperature 220o C that the mass is 33,13 grams and the percentages of the mass is 89,65%.
BIOFILM DARI PATI BIJI NANGKA DENGAN ADDITIF KARAGINAN Bunga Chrismaya; Fransisca Selvy; Diah S. Retnowati
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (102.93 KB)

Abstract

Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) have cotyledons layer which is rich in starch and can be use as biofilm forming material. Biofilm is a film made from renewable material such as starch. Biofilm made from native starch have poor mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elongation at break. To overcome it, starch is blending with other material that can improve tensile strength and elongation at break. Kappa carageenan had firm gel structures and could be used to improve tensile strength and elongation at break of starch biofilm. Biofilm was made by casting polymer solution prepared by heating the mixture solution consisting of starch and carrageenan with a certain weight ratio dissolved in water-glycerol solution with a certain weight ratio with heating rate 2,2oC until the temperature reached 95oC. The biofilms that had been casted then dried in oven at 50oC for 20 hours and aged for 7 days at room temperature and relative humidity prior before tensile strength and elongation at break test. The results showed that kappa-carrageenan jackfruit seed starch biofilm has higher tensile strength and elongation at break than biofilm made from native starch. When the weight ratio of glycerol rose, resulted in decreased tensile strength and increase in elongation at break biofilms. The best tensile strength was 0.407 MPa for 50%w/w kappa carrageenan and the weight 10%w/w glycerol. In addition, the best elongation at break was 18,488% at 50% w/w kappa carrageenan and 20% w/w glycerol.
REAKSI METANOLISIS LIMBAH MINYAK IKAN MENJADI METIL ESTER SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKAR BIODIESEL DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS NaOH Dewi Fatmawati; Putri Diliyan Shakti; Luqman Buchori
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (423.848 KB)

Abstract

Biodiesel merupakan bahan bakar alternatif yang produksinya dapat diperbaharui. Biodisel diperoleh dari minyak tumbuhan, lemak binatang atau minyak bekas melalui esterifikasi dengan alkohol. Biodiesel dapat digunakan tanpa modifikasi ulang mesin diesel. Minyak ikan dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai biodiesel karena mengandung asam lemak bebas. Peningkatan asam lemak bebas secara cepat terjadi karena adanya enzim lipase aktif pada saat proses pembuatan minyak ikan menjadi biodsel sehingga dapat dikonversi menjadi metil ester dengan proses esterifikasi. Esterifikasi adalah reaksi asam lemak bebas dengan alkohol membentuk ester dan air. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan biodiesel dari limbah ikan dengan pengolahan limbah secara fisik, kimiawi, dan biologis, menentukan waktu reaksi optimum esterifikasi, serta menentukan banyaknya soda kaustik (NaOH) yang dibutuhkan agar didapatkan pemisahan antara gliserin dan metil ester yang optimum. Variabel tetap yang digunakan terdiri dari : berat minyak ikan 50 ml, waktu pemasakan 120 menit, perbandingan kadar minyak: metanol (1:6), % berat katalis, sedangkan variabel berubahnya terdiri dari : NaOH , dan waktu esterifikasi, variasi NaOH yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah  3,5gr, 4,5gr, 5,5gr , dan  6,5gr dan variasi untuk waktu esterifikasinya adalah  30, 45, 60, dan 75 menit. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pada waktu 75 menit,  perbandingan minyak :methanol = 1:6 dan dengan penambahan NaOH 3,5 gram memberikan konversi maksimal yaitu 80,59%.
POTENSI MEMBRAN MIKROFILTRASI DAN ULTRAFILTRASI UNTUK PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR BERMINYAK Maria Widyasmara; Cindika Kusuma Dewi; Nita Aryanti
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1176.996 KB)

Abstract

Oily wastewater in the form of stable oil in water emulsion is found as one source of industrialwastewater in Indonesia. Conventional wastewater treatment has several limitations and is not able to achieverequirement for effluent standard. Nowadays, membrane microfiltration and ultrafiltration have been used forwater purification as well as wastewater treatment. Studies on the application of microfiltration andultrafiltration for wastewater have been conducted. However, the studies used real wastewater consistingcomplex compound. In this research a model of oily wastewater was used. The model of oily wastewatercomprised an oil in water emulsion stabilized with a surfactant. By using this model, it is expected that analysisof membrane performance based on permeate flux and rejection can be conducted more comprehensively. Thisresearch used microfiltration and ultrafiltration membrane and the oily wastewater model was made by mixingTween 80 with concentration of 2% with several types oil (vegetable oil, diesel oil dan cutting oil). The researchis carried out in order to obtain wastewater and membrane characteristic as well as the influence of TMP, oilytypes and oil concentration on membrane performance based on permeate flux, COD and surfactantrejection.Based on this research characteristics of oily wastewater could be obtained. In general, increase ofTMP resulted on higher permeate flux. By varying the oily type, it was found that the vegetable oil has thehighest permeate flux, the effect of oil concentration on permeate flux in addition was depend on TMP. When theTMP was 1 bar, the increase of oil concentration produced lower flux. However at TMP of 2 bar, the permeateflux is independent on oil concentration. Experimental works using ultrafiltration resulted on 94,89 – 98,83%rejection of COD and 69 – 86% rejection of surfactant. Based on this research it is concluded that theultrafiltration is capable to treat oily wastewater in the form of stable oil in water emulsion.
PENGARUH WAKTUPADA PENYULINGAN MINYAK ADAS (Fennel Oil) DARI BIJI DAN DAUN ADAS DENGAN METODE UAP DAN AIR Adi Hendra Prakosa; Inda Dewi Pamungkas; Diyono Ikhsan
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (116.057 KB)

Abstract

Fennel oil is an oil produced from the fennel plant (Foeniculum vulgare) through a process of distillation. In this study, using the method of steam and waterdistillation which vapor source was distilled in a kettle. The purpose of the distillation  process is to obtain essential oils from aromatic plants which has contains oil that are difficult to extraction in normal conditions. The benefits of this process is to obtain fennel oil and by-products such as the distillation residue can be dried as fodder ransom. Fennel oil is known as one of the allround flavouring agent because it has a distinctive aroma, attractive and widely used in the cosmetic industry for perfumes such as soaps, perfumes, detergents and others.In this study there are two kinds of variables, ie variables and variables remain unchanged. For fixed variables consist of: a pressure of 1 atm and a temperature of 100oC, while changing variables include: distillation time and type of material. In the research,the process of disstilation the was conducted for 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 hours for each type of material that is part of the seeds and leaves. Raw materials obtained from the Bandungan, Ungaran, Central Java. The observations made is the determination of the yield, organoleptic testing, refractive index and anetol levels of fennel oil produced.Our results, for the seeds produces the highest yield of 0.607% on refining for 4 hours and leaves to produce the highest yield of 0.27% on refining sub 4 hours. According organoleptic yellow anise oil and fennel characteristic odor. Refractive index obtained from the studies ranged from 1.5200 to 1.5330.Levels anetol analysis using GC, the seeds obtained at 54.4873% and in the leaves only 10.9032%.
PENGARUH PERBANDINGAN JUMLAH STARTER TERHADAP PROSES FERMENTASI WINE APEL MENGGUNAKAN NOPKOR MZ-11 Rini Kusumawati; Muhammad Adi Irawan; Aprilina Purbasari
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1745.289 KB)

Abstract

Based on Department of Agriculture and Forestry Batu, Malang, in the 2010, the number of apple productions are 2,574,852 trees with productivity reaching 17 kg / tree. From all of trees only 60-70% of apples that can be harvested and sold in the market. The apple that doesn’t sell in the market, named reject apple. Until now, this apple could not be fully utilized. NOPKOR MZ 11 is multicultural is the main constituent microbes with S. Cerevicea Bolognesis that can convert sugar to alcohol, such as others S. Cerevicea. The advantages of this NOPKOR is its durability very high so it does not die easily. The main objective from this research is to determine the effect of the starter substrate ratio the growth of biomass and the resulting alcohol. The method which used are starter that added and the time of fermentation. And then from the data of refractive index result the phenomena of fermentation process. From the refractive index and using a standard curve, the data is converted. So that the refractive index is known and the amount of biomass levels of alcohol contained in the wine. Based on the research results, alcohol and optimal growth obtained in the ratio of 10% starter volume, it can able because a balanced amount of nutrients obtained by microbes thus more optimal growth and the amount of alcohol that produced is also higher. The longer of fermentation time, the amount of alcohol obtained and the number of microbes continued to increase, until the end of fermentation the increase was not too rapidly and tends to approach a constant, this is because the microbes have entered the stationary phase so that growth is not as fast as the previous phase.

Page 2 of 5 | Total Record : 44

 1   2   3   4   5 

Filter by Year

2013 2013


Reset
Filter By Issues
All Issue Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013 Volume 2, Nomor 3, Tahun 2013 Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013 Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012