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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Published by Global Health Science Group
ISSN : 27149749     EISSN : 27151972     DOI : https://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr
Core Subject :
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research is a open access, peer reviewed and refereed international journal. Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research aim to publish original research paper devoted to various area of all health sciences. Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research provides a forum for sharing timely and up-to-date publication of scientific research, health care and promoting the development of nursing, public health, community, environmental and occupational health. The journal publishes original research papers of health sciences. High priority will be given to articles on public, nursing, adolescent, community, environmental and occupational health, pharmaceutical technology, social pharmacy, traditional medicine, pharmacology, and so on.
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Articles 1,005 Documents
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Application of Cold Packs to Reduce Pain and Hematoma After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Procedures in Posterior Stenosis Patients: A Case Study Nur Asnah Sitohang; Santi Sihombing
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 7 No. 6 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v7i6.1153

Abstract

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the standard reperfusion therapy in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) patients, but local complications such as pain and hematoma in the access area, especially femoral access, are still common. Non-pharmacological interventions in the form of cold packs are known to have benefits in reducing inflammation and reducing hematoma formation through local vasoconstriction mechanisms. This study aims to describe the application of cold packs in reducing pain and hematoma in posterior STEMI patients after PCI procedures. Method: This study used a single-case design on a 58-year-old female patient post-PCI through femoral access at Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan. The cold pack intervention was wrapped in a towel or sterile gauze and applied for 15-20 minutes with the patient in a supine position. Pain assessment was performed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), while hematoma was evaluated through diameter and skin discoloration. Monitoring was done before and after the intervention and for three days. There was a significant reduction in pain from NRS 5 to 1-2 and hematoma shrinkage from ±5 cm to ±2 cm without active bleeding or side effects. Cold pack is effective, safe, and easy to apply as a nursing intervention in reducing pain and hematoma post-PCI. Cold packs are recommended as a nonpharmacologic nursing intervention that can reduce pain and hematoma post-PCI.
The Effectiveness of Sitting Position with Dangling Legs on Dyspnea in Chronic Heart Failure Patients Nur Asnah Sitohang; Nurul Huda Afifah
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 7 No. 6 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v7i6.1154

Abstract

Chronic Heart Failure (CHF) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with dyspnea being the most common symptom resulting from increased pulmonary venous pressure and pulmonary edema. Non-pharmacological interventions such as positioning, particularly the sitting position with legs hanging down, have been reported to effectively reduce dyspnea in patients with CHF. This manuscript aims to analyze the effectiveness of the sitting position with legs hanging down in reducing dyspnea perception and improving vital parameters. The research method used a single case study design with interventions applied to one CHF patient. Data were collected through interviews, observations, physical examinations, and medical documentation studies. Pain intensity was measured using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS), while respiratory and oxygenation parameters were assessed descriptively. The intervention results showed a decrease in respiratory rate from 24 to 18 breaths per minute and an increase in oxygen saturation from 96% to 98% within three days, accompanied by reduced dyspnea scores and improved breathing comfort. These findings indicate that the sitting position with legs hanging down is a simple, effective intervention that can be integrated into evidence-based nursing practices for patients with CHF.
Effectiveness of Foot Reflexology to Reduce Anxiety in A Patient with Coronary Artery Disease after Cabg: A Case Study Nur Asnah Sitohang; Evelina Naibaho
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 7 No. 6 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v7i6.1155

Abstract

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide and often requires Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery. Patients undergoing CABG are at high risk of experiencing postoperative anxiety, which can negatively affect haemodynamic stability, delay recovery, and impair overall clinical outcomes. Therefore, effective non-pharmacological nursing interventions are needed to manage anxiety during the postoperative period. This study aimed to describe the effectiveness of foot reflexology as a complementary nursing intervention in reducing anxiety in a post-CABG patient using an Evidence-Based Nursing (EBN) approach. Method: This study employed a single-case study design with an Evidence-Based Nursing approach. The subject was a 67-year-old male with a history of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus who underwent three-graft off-pump CABG. Foot reflexology was administered for three consecutive days from postoperative day two to day four, for 30 minutes per foot in each session. Data were collected through comprehensive nursing assessment and analysed descriptively by comparing pre- and post-intervention anxiety levels using the Templer Death Anxiety Scale (DAS), along with changes in vital signs and observed behavioural responses. The patient initially presented with moderate to high anxiety, with a DAS score of 52. Following the intervention, anxiety scores gradually decreased to 45 on the second postoperative day and further to 36 on the fourth postoperative day. Improvements were also observed in vital signs, sleep quality, and overall relaxation, with no adverse effects reported. The application of foot reflexology was proven effective as a complementary nursing intervention in reducing anxiety in post-CABG patients.
The Effect of Isometric Exercise on Pain, Muscle Strength and Risk of Infection in Patients with Closed Orif (L) Femur Shaft Fracture Lower Extremity Nur Asnah Sitohang; Boiolifu Lafau
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 7 No. 6 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v7i6.1156

Abstract

Femoral shaft fracture is a serious injury commonly caused by high-energy trauma and often requires Open Reduction Internal Fixation (ORIF). Patients following ORIF are at risk of acute pain, impaired physical mobility, and infection due to surgical wounds and implant placement. Femoral shaft fracture is a serious injury commonly caused by high-energy trauma and often requires Open Reduction Internal Fixation (ORIF). Patients following ORIF are at risk of acute pain, impaired physical mobility, and infection due to surgical wounds and implant placement. This study employed a single-case design with a nursing care approach. The subject was a 24-year-old male patient who sustained a closed left femoral shaft fracture due to a traffic accident and underwent ORIF. Nursing interventions included isometric exercises based on the protocol developed by Khosrojerdi et al., performed four times daily for five consecutive days. Pain intensity, muscle strength, and signs of infection were evaluated throughout the intervention period. The evaluation showed a reduction in pain intensity from a Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) score of 7 to 3. Lower extremity muscle strength improved to grade 4/5 on the Manual Muscle Testing (MMT) scale. No signs of infection were observed during the intervention period. Isometric exercise was effective in reducing pain and improving muscle strength and mobility in a patient with a femoral shaft fracture following ORIF, supporting its use as a nursing intervention in postoperative orthopaedic care.
AI-Driven Wearable HRV Monitoring for Early Detection of Nurse Fatigue and Its Impact on Clinical Performance and Patient Safety: A Systematic Literature Review Rusana Rusana; Novita Anggraenni; Iwan Purnawan; Yuli Widyastuti; Risti Linta Chumaira; Deni Irawan; Ady Irawan; Nova Maulana
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i1.1160

Abstract

Nurse fatigue is a major occupational health concern that negatively affects clinical performance, recovery, and patient safety. Prolonged working hours, night shifts, and job-related stress disrupt autonomic balance and increase the likelihood of clinical errors. Heart Rate Variability (HRV) has been widely recognised as a sensitive physiological biomarker of fatigue and occupational stress. Integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) with HRV-enabled wearable technology offers a promising approach for real-time and objective fatigue monitoring in nursing populations. This systematic literature review aimed to synthesise evidence on AI-enhanced HRV wearable technology for early detection and management of nurse fatigue. The review followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251251457). Searches were conducted across six electronic databases (Scopus, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, SAGE, Wiley, and SpringerLink) using predefined Boolean keywords, including “wearable device”, “wearable technology”, “smartwatch”, “heart rate variability”, “artificial intelligence”, “machine learning”, “nurse*”, “nursing practice”, “fatigue”, and “clinical decision support”*. Articles published in English between 2015 and 2025 were included. From 1,689 records identified, 11 studies met the inclusion criteria after screening and methodological quality appraisal using Joanna Briggs Institute tools. AI-integrated wearable systems demonstrated high diagnostic performance, with fatigue detection accuracy around 80% for machine learning models and exceeding 99% for multimodal biosensing systems. Physiological biomarkers—including HRV, cortisol, electrodermal activity, and skin temperature—consistently reflected objective fatigue, particularly during extended working hours. Intervention studies showed that AI-supported HRV biofeedback and cognitive behavioural approaches improved autonomic regulation and nurse wellbeing. AI-enabled HRV wearable technology represents a feasible and promising strategy for early fatigue detection and wellbeing optimisation among nurses, with potential benefits for clinical performance and patient safety. However, practical implementation and long-term integration into healthcare systems remain key considerations for future research.
Analysis of Medical Equipment Control Through Handover Tools in the Inpatient Ward of Hospital Tatik Wahyuni; Tuti Afriani; Kuntarti Kuntarti; Rr Tutik Sri Hariyati; Eka Pujiyanti
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 3 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i3.1164

Abstract

Medical equipment control is a crucial aspect in supporting the continuity and effectiveness of nursing services in inpatient wards. This study aimed to evaluate internal and external factors influencing the effectiveness of medical equipment control and to formulate the need for developing a structured, documentation-based handover tool. This preliminary study was conducted in hospital inpatient wards involving Nurse Unit Managers (NUMs) and staff nurses. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and questionnaires. Medical equipment control processes were examined using the POSAC management framework. Questionnaire data were analyzed descriptively, while overall data were analyzed using POSAC and SWOT analyses, followed by IFE and EFE matrices to formulate improvement strategies. Data validity was ensured through source and method triangulation. The findings indicated that medical equipment control had not been optimally implemented due to the absence of standard operating procedures, inconsistent documentation, unequal distribution of equipment, and the lack of routine evaluation. Analysis of external factors revealed significant opportunities, including government regulations, accreditation requirements, technological advances, and increasing public expectations for fast and accurate services. A standardized, user-friendly, and integrated medical equipment handover system is required to improve efficiency, accuracy, and the overall quality of nursing services.
Relationship between Knowledge Hypertension Complications and Medication Adherence among Elderly with Comorbidities Anisa Anggraeni; Arina Maliya
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 3 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i3.1165

Abstract

Hypertension continues as a distinct global health issue and is associated with the risk of developing multiple complications, as well as premature death. The high prevalence of hypertension at the global and national level, as well as low awareness and poor control in elderly patients with comorbidities typifies a major challenge to hypertension control. Knowledge on the complications of hypertension is assumed to significantly contribute to medication adherence behavior. This research was conducted with the purpose of investigating the correlation between knowledge level on complications caused by hypertension and medication adherence behavior in hypertensive patients who have comorbidities at Kartasura Health Center. Study Design This is a quantitative study with correlational design method and cross-sectional approach. The sample of this study was 70 respondents taken with total sampling technique. Data collection was done with a questionnaire measuring knowledge of hypertension complications using the Guttman scale (15-items) and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8) to measure the medication adherence. The results of the validity and reliability tests indicated that the hypertension complication knowledge questionnaire demonstrated a validity coefficient of r = 0.349 and a reliability coefficient of 0.70812, indicating that the instrument was valid and reliable. Meanwhile, the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8) showed a validity value of p = 0.5 and a reliability coefficient of 0.83, confirming that the instrument was valid and highly reliable for measuring medication adherence. Analyses were completed with univariate and bivariate analysis, and the use of a Spearman rank correlation test (significance level was set at α = 0.05).Among the respondents, majority of them had a good level of knowledge on complications associated with hypertension (47.14%) and over half of them also had a low medication adherence rate (54.29%). A strong and statistically significant positive relationship between the knowledge level of hypertension complications and drug adherence were found according to the Spearman's rank correlation test (ρ = 0.680, p = 0.001). The more knowledge the subjects had, the more tended to be adherence to antihypertensive medications. The level of knowledge about complications in hypertension showed a strong association with drug adherence among elderly patients with comorbidities.
THE The Effect of Telehealth-Based Self Management Interventions for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Rofiqa Dwi Febriyanti; Ika Nur Pratiwi; Fayza Eka Zhafirah; Wynne Faiza Rosada
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 3 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i3.1167

Abstract

An Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a dysfunctional bowel disorder characterized by such gastrointestinal symptoms as abdominal pain, defecation, constipation, and bloating. Consequently, the condition may worsen over time. A systematic evaluation of the effectiveness, mechanisms, and implementation aspects of telemedicine-based self-management strategies in adults with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This study used a quantitative method with a systematic review approach following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The search was conducted in various databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web Of Science (WOS), Sciencedirect, and Proquest with a publication year range from 2020 to 2025. The Boolean search strategy was: “self-management” OR “self-care” “telehealth” AND ‘telemedicine’ “Irritable Bowel Syndrome OR intestinal disorder.” From the 1,074 articles found, after screening using inclusion and exclusion criteria, 20 articles were selected for further analysis using the JBI Critical Appraisal checklist. 20 articles that met the study criteria showed that the use of telehealth can improve self-management skills and reduce the number of inpatient cases. The highest level of effectiveness was achieved through collaboration between telehealth and interprofessional health services in food map management. Digital self-management through telehealth is effective and feasible as an adjunct to IBS management, with consistent evidence for CBT-based, nutritional, relaxation, and multimodal interventions despite methodological variations.  
Relationship between Frequency of Fast Food and Beverage Consumption and Tonsillitis in Children Mukhlis Imanto; Roro Rukmi Windi Perdani; Oktadoni Saputra; Diyan Ekawati; Dustin Delano Pranata Sembiring
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 3 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i3.1171

Abstract

Tonsillitis is an inflammation of the palatine tonsils commonly affecting children aged 5–15 years. One of the contributing risk factors is the frequent consumption of fast food and fast beverages. This study aimed to analyse the association between fast food and fast beverage consumption and the incidence of tonsillitis among children aged 5–15 years. An observational analytic study with a case–control design was conducted involving 52 respondents, consisting of 26 cases and 26 controls, selected using consecutive sampling. Data were collected from children aged 5–15 years attending the Otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinic at Advent Hospital. Fast food and fast beverage consumption was assessed using a Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ), followed by clinical diagnosis by a specialist. The Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) used to assess fast food and fast beverage consumption was tested for validity and reliability prior to data collection. Item validity was confirmed using correlation analysis with significance values < 0.05, while reliability testing demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency, with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients exceeding 0.70, indicating that the instrument was valid and reliable for measuring dietary consumption patterns. Consumption frequency was categorised as frequent (score ≥ median) and infrequent/never (score < median). Data analysis was performed using the Chi-square test. The study subjects consisted of 27 males (51.9%) and 25 females (48.1%). A total of 26 subjects (50.0%) were diagnosed with tonsillitis, while 26 subjects (50.0%) were non-tonsillitis. Frequent fast food consumption was reported in 25 subjects (48.1%), while frequent fast beverage consumption was reported in 23 subjects (44.2%). Fast food consumption more than twice daily showed a highly significant association with tonsillitis (p = 0.000). Similarly, fast beverage consumption was also significantly associated with tonsillitis (p = 0.000). A high frequency of fast food and fast beverage consumption (OR: 23.100 and 14.929, respectively) is significantly associated with the incidence of tonsillitis in children aged 5–15 years. Health education regarding healthy dietary patterns is essential to reduce the risk of tonsillitis in this age group.
From Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry ot Positron Emission Tomography: Diverse Imaging Approaches to Body Composition Faradilla Novita Anggreini; Elysanti Dwi Martadiani; Dewa Gede Mahiswara Suadiatmika
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 7 No. 6 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v7i6.1172

Abstract

Accurate body composition assessment is crucial for diagnosing and managing health issues such as obesity, osteoporosis, and metabolic disorders. Diverse imaging approaches, including DXA, US, CT, MRI, and PET, each offer unique insights into body composition. By exploring these diverse imaging methods, clinicians and researchers can achieve a comprehensive understanding of body composition, leading to enhanced diagnostic accuracy and more personalized treatment strategies. Comprehensive understanding of various imaging techniques such as Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), Ultrasonography (US), Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) in body composition analysis. Body composition analysis utilizes several imaging techniques to provide a comprehensive assessment. DXA is used to measure bone mineral density and differentiate between fat and lean mass by analyzing how X-rays are absorbed at two different energy levels. US uses high-frequency sound waves to create real-time images of soft tissues, enabling the measurement of muscle thickness and fat layers. CT scans offer detailed cross-sectional images of fat and muscle distribution, while MRI produces high-resolution images of soft tissues without radiation. PET scans use radiotracers to monitor metabolic activity and detect functional changes in tissues.The exploration of diverse imaging approaches reveals the strengths and limitations of each method in body composition analysis. DXA is gaining popularity among clinicians for body composition analysis because it provides accurate measurements of lean and fat mass, similar to CT and MRI, but at a lower cost and with less invasiveness. Its widespread availability and precision in assessing both bone mineral density and soft tissue composition across the entire body or specific regions make DXA a valuable tool for managing osteoporosis and studying changes in body composition in various health conditions.

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