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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 50 Documents
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Search results for , issue "vol. 25 no. 3 (2024)" : 50 Documents clear
The potential for the cultivation of Styrax benzoin based on land suitability evaluation in Pakpak Bharat District, Indonesia RAHMAWATY RAHMAWATY; YUNI A GINTING; RIDWANTI BATUBARA; ABDUL RAUF
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250321

Abstract

Abstract. Rahmawaty, Ginting Y, Batubara R, Rauf A. 2024. The potential for the cultivation of Styrax benzoin based on land suitability evaluation in Pakpak Bharat District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 1071-1080. Styrax benzoin (kemenyan), a latex-producing plant native to North Sumatra Province, requires development and sustainable cultivation. Currently, it is increasingly common to cultivate S. benzoin in conjunction with other crops, including gambir (Uncaria gambir). This research focused on assessing the suitability of land in Pakpak Bharat Regency for cultivating S. benzoin on land previously used for U. gambir cultivation. In this research, a survey methodology was employed, involving purposive soil sample collection from areas previously used for U. gambir cultivation. These specific locations were Aornakan I Village in Pergetteng Getteng Sengkut Sub-district and Kuta Tinggi Village in Salak Sub-district, both within Pakpak Bharat Regency, North Sumatra Province. The suitability assessment of cultivating S. benzoin on land previously used for U. gambir cultivation employed the matching method. The results revealed that the actual land suitability for S. benzoin was classified as moderately suitable (S2). Land Unit 1 is constrained by factors such as water availability (wa), root media (rc), and erosion hazards (eh), while Land Units 2, 3, and 4 with limitations primarily related to water availability (wa) and root media (rc). The findings also suggest that the potential land suitability class for S. benzoin remains at S2 for growth in areas where U. gambir was cultivated, with notable restrictions related to water availability and root media across all land units.
Distribution and FTIR-based fingerprint of secondary metabolites in different organs of ant-plant (Myrmecodia tuberosa) NIYA BUDHI LESTARI; YOHANA C. SULISTYANINGSIH; ABDUL HALIM UMAR; DIAH RATNADEWI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250325

Abstract

Abstract. Lestari NB, Sulistyaningsih YC, Umar AH, Ratnadewi D. 2024. Distribution and FTIR-based fingerprint of secondary metabolites in different organs of ant-plant (Myrmecodia tuberosa). Biodiversitas 25: 1104-1115. Myrmecodia tuberosa Jack, or ant-plant, is widely used as a traditional medicine. The plant has the potential to be antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant. Its domatium is believed to contain valuable substances, rendering people to collect the organ that devastates the whole plant. Therefore, the distribution and nature of the major substances in the leaf, petiole, and domatium must be investigated. This study aimed to determine the secondary metabolites and their accumulation sites through anatomy and histochemistry. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and chemometrics supported the determination. Microscopic preparations made observations of the anatomy and secretory structures of transverse and paradermal sections. Histochemical studies were performed with specific reagents. M. tuberosa has a hypostomatic leaf blade with parasitic stomata. The main secretory structure is the idioblast. Idioblasts are scattered over various tissues, such as the epidermis, hypodermis, palisade, spongy mesophyll, and cuticle of the leaf blade, in the epidermal tissue, chlorenchyma cortex, and cuticle of petiole and the periderm, cortex, and pith of domatium. Terpenoids, phenols, lipophilic compounds, essential oils, and flavonoids were found in the leaf blade, petiole, and domatium, whereas alkaloids were present only in the petioles. FTIR demonstrated the main functional groups in the three organs are similar, while the principal component analysis distinguished domatium from leaf blade and petiole.
Ammonium enrichment reduces the diversity and changes the composition of ammonia-oxidizing microbial communities in agricultural soil media SHERLY ASNATH SAUKOLY; VINCENTIA IRENE MEITINIARTI; RULLY ADI NUGROHO; AGNA SULIS KRAVE
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250302

Abstract

Abstract. Saukoly SA, Meitiniarti VI, Nugroho RA, Krave AS. 2024. Ammonium enrichment reduces the diversity and changes the composition of ammonia-oxidizing microbial communities in agricultural soil media. Biodiversitas 25: 916-923. Nitrification is the process of ammonium oxidation to form nitrites and nitrates. Ammonium availability in the soil is one of the factors influencing the activity, abundance, and diversity of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (AOM). This study aimed to determine the effect of enriching a soil media with different ammonium concentrations on the abundance and diversity of AOM as well as the potential for nitrification. Soil as the media was prepared from an agricultural land receiving cow dung sewage. The media was then placed in the microcosms, and was added to a nitrification medium containing ammonium at three levels; 0 (control soil), 200 (low ammonium-enriched soil), and 500 mg L-1 (high ammonium-enriched soil). The microcosms were further incubated for 42 days at room temperature. The nitrification potential determination was based on the formation of nitrite from ammonium oxidation. The abundance of AOM and the potential nitrification were measured every 14-day interval, including day 0 as the initial condition. The AOM composition was analyzed based on the similarity level of the amoA gene sequence to the NCBI BLAST GenBank database. However, this analysis was only conducted for the control and high ammonium-enriched soil. This study indicated that ammonium enrichment increased the nitrification activity and the abundance of AOM, but it decreased the diversity of AOM communities. There were positive correlations between nitrification and nitrate potential, as well as between ammonium content and AOM abundance. Negative correlations appeared between pH and nitrification potential, nitrate concentrations, ammonium concentrations, and MPN. The diversity of ammonium-oxidizing archaea (AOA) in the control soil was higher than in the high ammonium-enriched soil. The enrichment with ammonium also changed the AOA composition. The Candidatus Nitrosocosmicus oleophilus strain of the MY3 chromosome was the most dominant archaea in the control and high ammonium-enriched soil. This implies that the high diversity of AOA in this soil may be beneficial for further use of the soil as a source for inocula in the development of nitrifiers-based biofertilizers.
Morphometric and DNA sexing accurately in male Javan hawk-eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi) determination at Kamojang Eagle Conservation Center, West Java, Indonesia SUSANTI WITHANINGSIH; MUHAMMAD FADLI ILHAM; AZIIZ MARDANARIAN ROSDIANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250332

Abstract

Abstract. Withaningsih S, Ilham MF, Rosdianto AM. 2024. Morphometric and DNA sexing accurately in male Javan hawk-eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi) determination at Kamojang Eagle Conservation Center, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 1167-1173. The Javan hawk-eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi) is a protected and endemic species of eagle in Indonesia whose existence is symbolized by the Garuda Pancasila. Raptors act at the top of the predatory chain and as indicators of environmental health. IUCN data states that N. bartelsi is red-listed as endangered. It is one of Indonesia's most frequently hunted and traded birds, and this trading practice has changed its natural behavior. Therefore, preservation through conservation –one of which is rehabilitation– programs are needed to maintain their sustainability. The ultimate goal of rehabilitation is to release the Javan hawk-eagle back into its natural habitat. In conservation and breeding programs, accurate determination of the sex of raptors is integral to informing conservation decision-making, population management, and research efforts aimed at protecting these iconic birds of prey and their habitats. Therefore, this study aims to determine the sex of male N. bartelsi through morphometric and DNA sexing techniques. The research subjects were seven N. bartelsi rehabilitated at Kamojang Eagle Conservation Center, Garut, Indonesia. Morphometric sexing measurements obtained the following results: two males were consistent upon comparing DNA sexing and Kamonjang Eagle Conservation Centre records observations. Analyses were obtained using primer 2550F/2718R that recognized CHD1-Z and CHD1-W as cleaved. Furthermore, the amplification was successfully read a sexing of N. bartelsi at Kamonjang Eagle Conservation Centre. The analysis primer sets mainly for raptors can assist conservation programs such as breeding programs and data collection for mapping this raptor. In addition, the PCR method can also assist in the accurate management of in-situ and ex-situ conservation.
Interaction between Eichornia crassipes with Microbacterium sp. SpR3 and Micrococcus luteus RT-9 in Cr6+ reduction in liquid media ANDRIYANI DEA WULANDARI; V. IRENE MEITINIARTI; SRI KASMIYATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250307

Abstract

Abstract. Wulandari AD, Meitiniarti VI, Kasmiyati S. 2024. Interaction between Eichornia crassipes with Microbacterium sp. SpR3 and Micrococcus luteus RT-9 in Cr6+ reduction in liquid media. Biodiversitas 25: 957-963. Water Pollution caused by Cr6+ contamination is difficult to remove from the environment. One of the efforts to reduce Cr6+ contamination in water is by bioremediation. Bioremediation using the interaction of rhizosphere bacteria with aquatic plants can be employed to decrease the content of Cr6+ in water environment. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding Microbacterium sp. SpR3, Micrococcus luteus RT-9, and a mixture of both bacteria on the ability of Eichornia crassipes to reduce the concentration of Cr6+ in the growth media and the plant's growth potential. This study was conducted in the Microbiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Biology at Satya Wacana Christian University. Eichornia crassipes plans of similar size were grown in 450 mL of Hoaglands solution with Cr6+ 5 mg.L-1 in a container. The treatment in this study involves the addition of 50 mL (10% of the working volume) of Microbacterium sp SpR3 culture, Micrococcus luteus RT- 9, and a combination of both Cr6+-reducing bacteria. The reduction rate of Cr6+ concentration in the mixture of both types of bacteria reached 88.06%, which was higher compared to the control without the addition of the inoculum (87.08%). The inoculation of both Cr6+ reducing bacteria did not hibit the growth rate of the plants. The ability of Microbacterium sp. SpR3 and Micrococcus luteus RT-9 to reduce Cr6+ in liquid media can be employed in the bioremediation of Cr6+ contaminated wastewater.
Isolation and identification of bacterial pathogens causing ice-ice disease in Eucheuma cottonii seaweed at Seira Island Waters, Tanimbar Islands District, Maluku, Indonesia NOVIANTY C. TUHUMURY; JACQUELINE M. F. SAHETAPY; JOLEN MATAKUPAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250308

Abstract

Abstract. Tuhumury NC, Sahetapy JMF, Matakupan J. 2024. Isolation and identification of bacterial pathogens causing ice-ice disease in Eucheuma cottonii seaweed at Seira Island Waters, Tanimbar Islands District, Maluku, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 964-970. Seaweed cultivation has proven to be beneficial and enhances the well-being of communities. Production of seaweed in the waters of Maluku has increased despite facing the problem of ice-ice disease. Therefore, this research aimed to isolate and identify bacteria on the Eucheuma cottonii seaweed species affected by ice-ice disease in the waters of Seira Island, Tanimbar Islands District, Maluku. It was conducted in August 2023 at three observation stations, and water quality samples were collected in situ at all three stations, including temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and turbidity. Furthermore, bacterial isolation and identification were carried out at the Laboratory of Marine Aquaculture, Ambon. Bacteria isolation and purification were performed on TCBS media using the streak plate technique, while identification used the API 20E test. The results showed that water quality parameters supported seaweed growth. Four bacteria that caused ice-ice disease in the waters of Seira were identified as Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio fluvalis, Vibrio cholerae, and Aeromonas caviae. Moreover, all four bacteria found were gram-negative and pathogenic. Bacteria belonging to the genera Vibrio and Aeromonas have been proven to cause infections in marine organisms, including seaweed. In conclusion, four types of bacteria were identified in seaweed affected by ice-ice disease.
Diversity of actinomycetes on plant rhizosphere of karst ecosystem of Gorontalo, Indonesia YULIANA RETNOWATI; NOVRI YOULA KANDOWANGKO; ABUBAKAR SIDIK KATILI; WAWAN PEMBENGO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250301

Abstract

Abstract. Retnowati Y, Kandowangko NY, Katili AS, Pembengo W. 2024. Diversity of actinomycetes on plant rhizosphere of karst ecosystem of Gorontalo, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 907-915. The objective of this study was to isolate and identify the actinomycetes associated with the rhizosphere of plants in the karst ecosystem. This study was descriptive-quantitative. Soil sampling was conducted at three locations of the karst ecosystem of Gorontalo, i.e., Bangga Hills at Bangga Bubaa Coastal area of Gorontalo District, Hills around Lake Limboto of Gorontalo District, and Oluhuta Beach Hills at Bone Bolango District. Rhizosphere-soil sample was collected from 15-30 cm of soil depth. Isolation of actinomycetes was performed using the plate method. The screening of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria was based on the ability to solubilize phosphates indicated by the clear zone on the Pikovskaya medium. Identification of actinomycetes bacteria based on morphology and molecular characters. The morphology character included the color of aerial and substrate mycelium. Molecular characteristics based on the sequence of 16S rRNA gene compared to sequence data on the gene bank of NCBI. The phylogenetic tree reconstruction was based on the Neighbor-joining algorithm. The results successfully found six isolates, including three actinomycetes isolates, two non-actinomycetes bacteria, and one yeast. They were isolated from the rhizosphere of Malastoma malabathrum, Chromolaena odorata, Cycas rumphii, Leucaena leucocephala, and Jatropha curcas. The actinomycetes isolate showed plant-growth-promoting potential indicated by solubilizing phosphate and Indole 3-Acetic Acid production activities. Based on the molecular analysis, actinomycetes were closely related to Streptomyces aegyptia (MT505707.1:42-1426), Streptomyces sp. GGCR-6 (MH718844.1:5-1391), and Streptomyces carpaticus strain PES-A23 (MH712039).
The suppression of Ganoderma boninense on oil palm under mixed planting with taro plants SUWANDI SUWANDI; MONICA ALESIA; RUDI PUTRA MUNANDAR; RAHMAD FADLI; SUPARMAN SUPARMAN; CHANDRA IRSAN; A. MUSLIM
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250329

Abstract

Abstract. Suwandi S, Alesia M, Munandar RP, Fadli R, Suparman S, Irsan C, Muslim A. 2024. The suppression of Ganoderma boninense on oil palm under mixed planting with taro plants. Biodiversitas 25: 1143-1150. Basal stem rot, caused by Ganoderma boninense, is highly destructive in monoculture oil palm plantations. This study evaluated Ganoderma boninense infections and oil palm growth in mixed plantings of oil palm seedlings and taro plants (Japanese, Bogor, and Indralaya taro). Ganoderma, colonizing rubber wood blocks, was inoculated into mixed plants, and the infection was compared to single-inoculated oil palm and taro plants. The interference of mixed planting with taro plants on the growth of oil palm seedlings was compared between inoculated and noninoculated mixed and single planting. Ganoderma inoculation caused simultaneous disease (dual-host infection) in mixed oil palm and taro plants. Ganoderma infection was less severe in taro plants compared to oil palm, whether in single or mixed planting. Over six months, oil palm root necrosis and disease index were reduced by 82% to 96% and 65% to 71%, respectively, while no significant effect was observed at nine months. The decay of Ganoderma-colonized wood improved by 44.1% to 84.0% in mixed planting, with no significant impact on mycelium viability. Taro plants did not inhibit oil palm growth, including plant height, leaf area, and relative growth rate of primary root length, in both the presence and the absence of Ganoderma infection. This study highlights the potential of mixed planting with taro to reduce Ganoderma disease in oil palm.
Influence of seagrass traits on the diversity of endophytic fungi VENUS B. KINAMOT
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250342

Abstract

Abstract. Kinamot VB. 2024. Influence of seagrass traits on the diversity of endophytic fungi. Biodiversitas 25: 1254-1263. The interest in endophytic fungi has grown recently because of their potential to enhance plant growth, tolerate stresses, and modulate phytohormone synthesis. Understanding how plants influence their endophytic fungal assemblage is vital to manipulating them for biotechnological applications. In this study, Bray-Curtis analysis determined the variation of endophytic fungal assemblage among different seagrass species. Leaf/root area, leaf/root dry matter content, leaf mass per area, leaf toughness, and specific leaf area of seagrasses were measured using a standard protocol. The Folin-Ciocalteau method was utilized to quantify the phenolic and tannin contents in seagrasses using tannic acid as standard. Canonical correspondence analysis correlated the influence of seagrass traits on endophytic fungal diversity. Results showed that endophytic fungal diversity varied with seagrass hosts in which higher similarity of the fungal assemblage was observed among the same seagrass species than in different seagrass species. The seagrass traits mediated the variation of endophytic fungi. Phenolic and tannin in seagrasses significantly influenced the diversity of endophytic fungi. An antifungal assay using the methanolic crude extract of seagrasses had 80-100% mycelial growth inhibition to the five species of endophytic fungi tested, which could be accounted for the chemicals like phenol and tannin that the seagrass hosts produce. 
Genotypic identification and catechin profiling of Uncaria gambir in West Sumatra, Indonesia EPI SUPRI WARDI; SUMARYATI SYUKUR; ZULKARNAIN CHAIDIR; JAMSARI JAMSARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250330

Abstract

Abstract. Wardi ES, Syukur S, Chaidir Z, Jamsari J. 2024. Genotypic identification and catechin profiling of Uncaria gambir in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 1151-1158. The primary objective of this study is to assess genetic and chemical variability among four genotypes of Uncaria gambir cultivated in West Sumatra. Uncaria gambir is native to Indonesia, widely cultivated in West Sumatra, used as an herbal remedy, and become a significant agricultural product for Indonesian export with catechin content as a standard. The phytochemical components of this species have been extensively studied, and its extracts are employed in traditional medicine. To fingerprint genomic DNA, we employed three pairs of Specific Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) markers selected from 29 combinations tested. A total of 150 amplified bands were generated, highlighting substantial genetic variability among the tested genotypes. Notably, the highest amplified and polymorphic band was obtained with primer E combination from three selected primers (primer E, primer F, and primer T). In addition, only catechins were identified among the four types of catechins employed as HPLC standards. We detected varying catechin concentrations among the genotypes, with genotype Mancik exhibiting the highest concentration. This finding underscores the potential for genotype-specific bioactive marker identification within U. gambir. In addition, this study shows the efficiency of SRAP markers in genotype identification within U. gambir. Furthermore, the identification of catechin as a prominent bioactive marker emphasizes its significance for further exploration and conservation efforts.

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