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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 60 Documents
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Search results for , issue "vol. 25 no. 9 (2024)" : 60 Documents clear
The occurrence of the very rare species Gekko cf. brooksii (Squamata, Gekkonidae) in West Sumatra, Indonesia, based on molecular and morphological evidence MORALITA CHATRI; YUNI AHDA; ZULYUSRI ZULYUSRI; LUHUR SEPTIADI; AWAL RIYANTO; FITRA ARYA DWI NUGRAHA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 9 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250959

Abstract

Abstract. Chatri M, Ahda Y, Zulyusri, Septiadi L, Riyanto A, Nugraha FAD. 2024. The occurrence of the very rare species Gekko cf. brooksii (Squamata, Gekkonidae) in West Sumatra, Indonesia, based on molecular and morphological evidence. Biodiversitas 25: 3369-3379. Sumatra, Indonesia is a region of vast, rich and diverse flora and fauna, yet knowledge of herpetology in Sumatra is limited. One such group is the genus Gekko, which is poorly known, morphologically diverse and taxonomically problematic, especially for canopy-dwelling geckos. During our recent fieldwork in the Barisan Mountains of West Sumatra, we found an unidentified camouflaged gecko and used molecular and morphological approaches to confirm its identity. Based on molecular (NADH dehydrogenase 2 [ND2] and flanking tRNA genes) and morphological comparisons (31 characters), we confirmed a new record and an expansion range of Gekko cf. brooksii to West Sumatra; we also reported several morphological characters that have not been reported in previous studies. The individual was found on the leaves of a young breadfruit plant (Artocarpus communis J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) located about 1 meter from the hiking trail, where the surrounding vegetation consisted of several tall trees and was mostly dominated by herbaceous plants that did not exceed 1 meter in height. It conclusion, despite a long history of exploration, the herpetofauna of Sumatra continues to yield new discoveries and records. As the geckos inhabiting the higher canopy layers of tropical rainforests in Sumatra remain largely unknown, further intensive surveys for canopy-dwelling geckos are needed to further elucidate the complete taxonomic composition of Sumatra's herpetofauna.
Population of Long-tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis) at several habitat conditions in Jambi Province, Indonesia FEVI MAWADHAH PUTRI; AHMAD SYUKRON PRASAJA; PUTRA TRI KURNIAWAN; YULI SULISTYA FITRIANA; SIGIT WIANTORO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 9 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250948

Abstract

Abstract. Putri FM, Prasaja AS, Kurniawan PT, Fitriana YS, Wiantoro S. 2024. Population of Long-tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis) at several habitat conditions in Jambi Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 3254-3262. The Long-Tailed Macaque (LTM; Macaca fascicularis (Raffles, 1821)) plays a crucial role in forest regeneration through seed dispersal. However, recent ecological shifts have impacted their survival, pushing them to expand into human settlements. This study aims to investigate the current LTM population across various habitats in Jambi Province. Data on the number, gender, age, sex ratio, population density, and habitat conditions were collected. Sampling was conducted at sites previously reported for LTM-human conflicts and potential harvesting areas. The study employed point counts at 12 locations and line transects at 2 locations across five administrative regions. The results indicated a higher female-to-male ratio, with the largest population of LTMs (n = 923) found at PT Perkebunan Nusantara (PTPN) VI Bunut, followed by the Berbak River (n = 740). The smallest populations were observed at Mendalo Darat (n = 74) and Talang Bakung (n = 76). The line transect method was employed to estimate the population density at PTPN VI Bunut, resulting in approximately 0.742 individuals per hectare, translating to an estimated population of 3,436 individuals. At Muaro Jambi Temple, the density was approximately 0.826 individuals per hectare, with an estimated population of 1,884. Habitat-type Watersheds had the highest average number of individuals (713.5), followed by agricultural land (407.33), indicating that these habitats have a high carrying capacity for Long-tailed Macaques due to the availability of water and food. One limitation of this study is the single-instance sampling in 2023, which underscores the need for further research to capture population dynamics fully. The urgency and importance of this topic cannot be overstated.
Molecular detection and hematological profile of Trypanosoma evansi in livestock NILA QUDSIYATI; RADEN WISNU NURCAHYO; DWI PRIYOWIDODO; SOEDARMANTO INDARJULIANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 9 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250937

Abstract

Abstract. Qudsiyati N, Nurcahyo RW, Priyowidodo D, Indarjulianto S. 2024. Molecular detection and hematological profile of Trypanosoma evansi in livestock. Biodiversitas 25: 3154-3159. Trypanosoma evansi, which assaults a variety of hosts and is found around the world, and is the causative agent of Surra sickness. The greatest Surra outbreak occurred in Indonesia in 2010-2012, primarily in Sumba, killing about 2,000 animals. The research purpose is to confirm T. evansi infection in livestock and determine hematological parameters in naturally infected livestock compared to non-infected (control). This study used molecular and parasitological testing techniques to identify Surra illness in the field. The buffy coat technique, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and thin blood smear test are used in the research methodology. Hematological parameters (red blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration, mean cell volume, mean cell hemoglobin, mean cell hemoglobin concentration, red cell distribution width, and white blood cell count) were analyzed. According to the PCR results, out of 222 blood samples, only 1 horse blood sample from Sumba shows a positive result for T. evansi. PCR is the most effective diagnostic tool for trypanosomiasis. This was the first time T. evansi DNA was discovered in Konga Loko Hamlet, Karuni Village, Sumba, Indonesia.
The effects of Lactobacillus plantarum addition to robusta coffee (Coffea canephora L.) during wet fermentation YULIANA RENI SWASTI; LAI PENG LEONG; EKAWATI PURWIJANTININGSIH; FRANCISCUS SINUNG PRANATA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 9 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250935

Abstract

Abstract. Swasti YR, Leong LP, Purwijantiningsih E, Pranata FS. 2024. The effects of Lactobacillus plantarum addition to robusta coffee (Coffea canephora L.) during wet fermentation. Biodiversitas 25: 3132-3140. Robusta coffee from the slopes of Merapi volcano in Indonesia is processed using a wet fermentation method. Its chemistry compound quality depends on the spontaneous microorganism during wet fermentation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum in increasing the antioxidant activity and reducing the concentration of caffeine and mutagenic compounds during fermentation. After fermentation, the chemical compounds of green and roasted beans were determined. The furfuryl alcohol compound and protein were only analyzed in the roasted beans. Results showed that the addition of L. plantarum was able to alter the Chlorogenic Acid (CGA) concentration of robusta coffee. The concentration of CGA in the unroasted robusta coffee with the addition of L. plantarum after 6-hour of fermentation tends to be higher than in without the addition of L. plantarum, while caffeine concentration was slightly reduced. The CGA in unroasted and roasted coffee with 12-hour fermentation period resulted in the highest radical ABTS scavenging capacity. Moreover, caffeine in unroasted and roasted coffee with 6-hour fermentation period showed high radical ABTS scavenging capacity. The furfuryl alcohol content tends to be stable.
Autecology of Amorphophallus gigas in Batang Natal Watershed, North Sumatra, Indonesia RIDAHATI RAMBEY; RAHMAWATY RAHMAWATY; MOHD NAZIP SURATMAN; ABDUL RAUF; ESTHER SORTA MAULI NABABAN; DELVIAN DELVIAN; T. ALIEF ATHTHORICK; MOHD HASMADI ISMAIL; SECA GENDASECA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 9 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250908

Abstract

Abstract. Rambey R, Rahmawaty, Suratman MN, Rauf A, Nababan ESM, Delvian, Aththorick TA, Ismail MH, Gendaseca S. 2024. Autecology of Amorphophallus gigas in Batang Natal Watershed, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2887-2900. Amorphophallus gigas Teijsm. & Binn., a member of the Araceae family, is distributed across Sumatra, particularly within the Batang Natal watershed of Mandailing Natal District. This plant population thrives significantly under the forest canopy in high-humidity environments, such as a watershed, despite being exposed to certain challenges. The Batang Natal Watershed, spanning 70.5 km and originating in the Batang Natal Sub-district, is frequently subjected to mining activities. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the autecology of A. gigas in the watershed, focusing on factors such as occurrence, associated plant species, vegetation composition, and soil characteristics. The occurrences of A. gigas were identified through direct interviews with the local community, complemented by field collection of coordinate points in five villages. The vegetation around A. gigas habitats was then analyzed using nested sampling with a plot size of 1 ha. There was no A. gigas in Aek Garingging Village despite the reported presence in 2020, while there were nine individuals in each village of Rao-Rao and Lubuk Bondar Panjang and six and three individuals in Bangkelang and Aek Nangali, respectively. There were 63 tree and 39 understory species recorded around the A. gigas habitat. Lubuk Bondar was dominated by Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A.Juss.) Müll.Arg. across several strata, with generally low to very low associations. Bangkelang was characterized by Gmelina arborea Roxb. ex Sm. in the pole and tree strata, with similarly low associations. In Rao-Rao, Coffea canephora Pierre ex A.Froehner was prominent in the seedling and sapling strata, showing low but consistent associations, and Selaginella willdenowii (Desv.) Baker in the understorey had a high positive association. The dominant species in each site typically had low to very low associations with other species, indicating limited ecological connectivity with A. gigas. The spatial distribution of A. gigas suggested a clumped pattern to ensure A. gigas preservation in the Batang Natal Watershed, it is essential to designate the plant's natural habitat as an in situ conservation area.
Assessing forest biomass and diversity of tree populations in Tekam Forest Reserve, Pahang, Malaysia HASYA HANNANI RUZIMAN; AZIAN MOHTI; NIK NORAFIDA BINTI NEK ALI @ NIK ALI; ASMIDA ISMAIL; FAEAH PARDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 9 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250901

Abstract

Abstract. Ruziman HH, Mohti A, Nik Ali NNBNA, Ismail A, Pardi F. 2024. Assessing forest biomass and diversity of tree populations in Tekam Forest Reserve, Pahang, Malaysia. Biodiversitas 25: 2821-2827. Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) experiments are long-term monitoring projects to comprehend the response of forest ecosystems to future atmospheres with CO2 enriched. Therefore, the research aims to determine the forest biomass and species diversity in the FACE system of Tekam Forest Reserve (TFR), Pahang, Malaysia. The sampling plots of 25 m × 20 m were established in TekamFACE as experimental plot and control plot in TFR. Allometric equation, Shannon-Wiener, and Evenness indices were used to estimate the standing biomass, carbon stock and species diversity, respectively. Tekam FACE system recorded total forest biomass of 54.38 ton/ha, contributed by 42.82 tons/ha of Above-Ground Biomass (AGB) and 11.56 tons/ha of Below-Ground Biomass (BGB). High carbon stock was also estimated at both forest plots with 27.19 tons/ha in TekamFACE and 17.35 tons/ha in control plot. These values indicated that the forest has high biomass, which can contribute to carbon sequestration that help mitigate the impacts of climate change. Further, this forest recorded high Species Diversity (H’) and Species Evenness (E) at TekamFACE (H’ = 4.04; E = 0.93) and control plot (H’ = 3.53; E = 0.83). Overall, this research emphasized that forests with rich biodiversity have substantial carbon sequestration capacity for the adaptation of forest ecosystems to future atmospheric changes.
Abiotic factors and distribution patterns of epiphytic lichens inhabiting different altitudes ASMIDA ISMAIL; NUR SYAFIQAH ABD HAKIM; KHAIRUL ADZFA RADZUN; FAEZAH PARDI; MOHD TALIB LATIF; NURUL AIDA KAMAL IKHSAN; DEWI HIDAYATI; FAEIZA BUYONG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 9 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250930

Abstract

Abstract. Ismail A, Hakim NSA, Radzun KA, Pardi F, Latif MT, Ikhsan NAK, Hidayati D, Buyong F. 2024. Abiotic factors and distribution patterns of epiphytic lichens inhabiting different altitudes. Biodiversitas 25: 3084-3094. Lichens are a symbiotic partnership of two separate organisms, a fungus, and an alga. Although many species of lichens exist in Malaysia, comprehensive data on lichens are still being determined. Thus, this study provides significant knowledge for the researcher to gain more understanding and information on the lichen species in Malaysia and how the abiotic factors affect the community. This study aimed to identify lichen species taxonomically, assess species composition, and compare the lichen species coverage in two sampling stations with contrasting altitudes: Brinchang in Cameron Highland (high altitude, 1,428 masl) and Templer Park in Rawang (low altitude, 131 masl). This study presented sound evidence on the relationship between lichen species coverage and abiotic factors such as bark pH, relative humidity, temperature, and atmospheric gas (ammonia), which provide knowledge on lichen diversity. Lichen sampling used a 30×50 cm quadrat on the tree trunk, 1 m above the ground. As a result, a species description table was constructed for 18 lichen species from 9 families and 15 genera. Out of these genera, the crustose group dominates at 72%, the foliose group at 22%, and the fruticose group at 6%. The low altitude recorded significantly higher species coverage, 63.47±5.59%, while the high altitude showed lower species coverage, 46.56±3.08%. The mean temperature of low altitudes is significantly higher at 32.01°C compared to the high altitudes (23.87°C). However, the relative humidity and bark pH within these altitudes were not significantly different. The mean concentration of NH3 at low altitudes was considerably higher at 0.40±0.07 ppm than at high altitudes (0.11±0.04 ppm). It was shown that the fruticose group increased as the altitudes increased. In contrast, crustose lichen is reduced in coverage and number of species compared to high altitudes. This study concluded that inter-related abiotic factors related to the altitudes facilitated the survival of the lichen community in the sampling areas.
Diversity of epipelic microalgae in a shallow, tropical estuary of Northern Mindanao, Philippines ERWIN JONES A. TUCONG; EMILIE G. TUBIO; VENUS E. LEOPARDAS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 9 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250946

Abstract

Abstract. Tucong EJA, Tubio EG, Leopardas VE. 2024. Diversity of epipelic microalgae in a shallow, tropical estuary of Northern Mindanao, Philippines. Biodiversitas 25: 3237-3245. Microphytobenthos are important primary producers in many of the most critical ecosystems, including the estuary. However, environmental variables, including season, influenced their abundance and diversity. In this study, spatial and temporal patterns of epipelic microalgae in Talabaan Estuary Naawan, Misamis Oriental, were conducted last October 2016 and February 2017 to represent wet and dry seasons, respectively. The species composition and diversity of epipelic microalgae samples were assessed using an improvised corer (2 cm, inner diameter). Only the upper 10 mm. of the cored sample was analyzed. Forty-eight species belonging to 33 families and 35 genera were identified and documented in the estuary. Diatoms (Class Bacillariophyta) were found to be the most dominant group, with about 90% of the epipelic microalgae community composed mainly of chains of cells and formed in colonies. Navicula sp. and Nitzschia sp. were among the species found in all sampled stations. The common occurrence of this species across all stations in wet and dry seasons indicated that they are the typical euryhaline species of this tropical estuary. The abundance and diversity of the epipelic microalgae community were found to vary across stations and seasons (p<0.05), but the interaction between these variables did not differ significantly. When abiotic and biological factors were regressed, a significant relationship was found with temperature, while all other factors exhibited no considerable variation. This highlights the effect of seasons in shaping benthic microalgae communities and is an essential factor in structuring microphytobenthic communities in an estuary.
[Retracted] Inventory of wild animals along the Bengkunat-Sanggi Road in Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Lampung Province, Indonesia GUNARDI DJOKO WINARNO; YOB CHARLES; CHARLES ANTONIO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 9 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250911

Abstract

Abstract. Winarno GD, Charles Y, Antonio C. 2024. Inventory of wild animals along the Bengkunat-Sanggi Road in Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Lampung Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2917-2924. The quality of the West Sumatra route Bengkunat-Sanggi in Indonesia has significantly improved since 2005, what was originally a dirt road became an asphalt road, leading to an increase in its utilization by various types of vehicles such as motorbikes, sedans, jeeps, buses, and trucks. This condition has an impact on wildlife activities along the road. The sound of vehicles and lights turning on at night can attract animals to move towards the road, which can endanger these animals. On the other hand, lots of vehicles crossing the road can cause animals to run far away because they are disturbed, so it is thought that the animal's movement area will also change. This study aims to explore the effects of road construction on wildlife presence, with a specific emphasis on endangered species like tigers, elephants, and rhinoceroses near the Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (BBSNP), Indonesia. Camera traps are currently being employed to record animals living in the vicinity of roads, including those that have fallen victim to vehicle collisions. The division of wildlife habitats by roads poses a substantial threat to their survival and functionality. The presence of traffic roads has been linked to an increase in accidents involving animals attempting to cross the road. Some animals appear to be disturbed by the noise generated by vehicles, leading to a reduction in their home range. Initial monitoring results at the onset of road construction indicated a higher presence of threats wild animals, specifically tiger (Panthera tigris subsp. sumatrae Pocock, 1929), Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus subsp. sumatranus Temminck, 1847) and Sumatran rhino (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis G.Fischer, 1814). To safeguard the wildlife along the Sanggi Bengkunat Road, a comprehensive approach involving all stakeholders and ensuring orderly behavior of drivers while navigating the road is imperative.
Vegetation diversity, structure and composition in nature-based recreation sites as a potential tourist attraction in Banyuwangi, Indonesia LAILA NUR HABIBAH; LUCHMAN HAKIM; EDRIANA PANGESTUTI; DIAN SISWANTO; BRIAN RAHARDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 9 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250950

Abstract

Abstract. Habibah LN, Hakim L, Pangestuti E, Siswanto D, Rahardi B. 2024. Vegetation diversity, structure and composition in nature-based recreation sites as a potential tourist attraction in Banyuwangi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 3273-3285. The presence of vegetation in nature-based tourism sites plays an important role in adding natural scenic beauty and creating comfortable local climates. However, the potential of vegetation in the recreation landscape for conservation and educational aspects is less studied. This research aims to identify vegetation diversity, structure and composition of plant species in nature-based tourism recreation sites in Banyuwangi District, East Java. Vegetation survey was conducted at 16 recreation sites, ranging from coastal to lower mountain ecosystems with varying management types from national parks, state and privately owned enterprises and community-private ownerships. Research shows that recreation sites contain diverse plant species that can support nature-based tourism attractions. The recreation sites in the national parks harbor native vegetation in, which it is important for biodiversity education through nature-based tourism programs. Fewer exotic plant species are found in nature-based recreation sites, especially in conservation areas. Conversely, nature-based recreation sites managed by community and private are dominated by exotic plant species. The existence of exotic plant species in nature-based recreation sites can add economic value by providing agrotourism activities, yet it requires special attention to protect the native habitats in those sites.

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