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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Lipolytic bacteria isolated from Indonesian sticky rice cake wajik and jenang experiencing with rancidity ARI SUSILOWATI; SITI LUSI ARUM SARI; RATNA SETYANINGSIH; HANI’A NUR MUTHMAINNA; HAYYU HANDARWATI; ARTINI PANGASTUTI; TJAHJADI PURWOKO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190148

Abstract

Susilowati A, Sari SLA, Setyaningsih R, Muthmainna HN, Handarwati H, Pangastuti A, Purwoko T. 2018. Lipolytic bacteria isolated from Indonesian sticky rice cake wajik and jenang experiencing with rancidity. Biodiversitas 19: 351-356. Lipolytic bacteria are lipase producing bacteria. These bacteria can be isolated from various sources such as vegetable oil wastes, industrial dairy products, oil-contaminated soil, seeds, and foods containing fat. The lipolytic bacteria were isolated from wajik, jenang manten and jenang alot that have been cultured for 4-35 days using minimum media containing MgSO4.7H2O 0.03%, K2HPO4 0.005%, (NH4) SO40.5% (w/v) supplemented with olive oil as a carbon source. Lipolytic activity was marked by orange luminescence when it was exposed to UV light at 350 nm on colonies grown on media containing olive oil-rhodamine B. Lipolytic bacteria were identified based on colony morphology, cell morphology and sequences of 16S rRNA gene. The 16S rRNA gene sequences were analyzed to determine the identity of bacterial isolates based on the percentage of sequence identity using BLAST Nucleotide software on NCBI website. Results showed there were 7 lipolytic bacteria of 52 isolates. Those bacteria were Gram-negative with spherical and rods shape. The identity of four isolates obtained in wajik indicated 97-98% of similarity to Acinetobacter and one isolate showed 96% of similarity to Pseudomonas. The last two isolates obtained from jenang manten had 99% similarity belonging to the species of Serratia marcescens.
Short Communication: Phylogenetic analysis and molecular identification of Canar (Smilax spp.) in Java, Indonesia Based on DNA Barcoding Analysis LULUT DWI SULISTYANINGSIH; MARLINA ARDIYANI; ABINAWANTO ABINAWANTO; ANDI SALAMAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190202

Abstract

Sulistyaningsih LD, Abinawanto, Ardiyani M, Salamah A. 2018. Short Communication: Phylogenetic analysis and molecular identification of Canar (Smilax spp.) in Java, Indonesia Based on DNA Barcoding Analysis. Biodiversitas 19: 364-368. Smilax spp. (Smilacaceae) has long been used as medicinal herbs especially in East Asia and North America as they were known to be rich in steroidal saponin. Pharmacological study has been carried out in Indonesia. This genus is widespread in Indonesia and fairly abundant in Java and has been known either as edible fruit or medicinal plants. Characteristics of Smilax as a dioecious plant with high morphological variations make it thorny in species identification. Various molecular approaches have been devised to overcome identification problems such as DNA barcoding. This study, therefore was conducted to analyze the DNA barcoding application for phylogenetic and identification of Smilax in Java. A total of 31 samples were used in this study including 19 accession numbers from NCBI GeneBank. The genus Ripogonum was used as the out-group in phylogenetic reconstruction. Samples were successfully extracted by CTAB method with some modifications. rbcL region was used as the DNA barcode showed sufficient variation and conserved flanks. Two unidentified specimens have high similarity with S. leucophyla and lies in the same clade. The phylogenetic tree constructed by Maximum Likelihood analysis. The result showed that the monophyletic of Smilacaceae consisted of four clades. The genus Heterosmilax nested with Smilax though with low bootstraps value. It supports the monogeneric status of Smilacaceae.
Coffee bean physical quality: The effect of climate change adaptation behavior of shifting up cultivation area to a higher elevation SAMSUL BAKRI; AGUS SETIAWAN; IDA NURHAIDA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190208

Abstract

Bakri S, Setiawan A, Nurhaida I. 2018. Coffee bean physical quality: The effect of climate change adaptation behavior of shifting up cultivation area to a higher elevation. Biodiversitas 19: 413-420. The coffee cultivation shifting into a higher elevation can be considered as a farmer’s behavioral adaptation to the climate change to find an optimum temperature and more fertile soil for the coffee growth. The behavior is rampant for Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) planters in Lampung Province, the main contributor area that places Indonesia as the second largest coffee bean exporting country for more than two decades. The behavior certainly causes environmental deterioration, while the positive impact has not been well-measured, even for physical bean performance that determine its export competitiveness. This study aimed to determine the effect of the behavior on two coffee bean physical indices, the 1000-dried fruit weight or the index of [W_1000], and the percentage of floated fruit upon water soaking or the index of [FLOAT]. Ordinary Least Square Model was applied at a significance level of 10% with the two indices as the response variables. The predictor variable is the elevation area, accompanied by slope steepness and area position in relation to its exposure against solar radiation. The field survey lasted from June to August 2017. Riped coffee fruit samples were collected from 32 sites, ranging from 300 to 1,170 m asl. The results suggested that the behavior would improve the [W_1000] index but worsening the other.
Alarming call from Mursala Island, North Sumatra, Indonesia: The urgent task of conserving the previously reported extinct of Dipterocarpus cinereus HENTI HENDALASTUTI RACHMAT; ATOK SUBIAKTO; KESUMA WIJAYA; ARIDA SUSILOWATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190206

Abstract

Rachmat HH, Subiakto A, Wijaya K, Susilowati A. 2018. Alarming call from Mursala Island, North Sumatra, Indonesia: The urgent task for conserving the previously reported extinct of Dipterocarpus cinereus. Biodiversitas 19: 399-405. IUCN Red List (1998) declared that the Mursalan endemic Dipterocarpus cinereus was extinct in the wild, but brief exploration conducted in the first quarter of 2013 found that there were few numbers of D. cinereus still growing in the island. The objectives of this research were: to describe the current condition of the forest in Mursala island; and to determine the vegetation composition and association between D. cinereus and other major tree species in site. Identifying forest condition and the potential value of the non-timber product was done descriptively through direct observation and interview with local inhabitants. The vegetation analysis was carried out by a purposive stratified technique in three lines each consisting of 4-8 plots (quadrats). The size of each sampling plot was 1,000 m2 (r= 17.8 m) with the total of 20 plots. The result showed that D. cinereus is still growing in the middle part until the top of the ridges. Importance Value Index (IVI) for the top five species were 32.37, 39.47, 17.43, 15.18 and 11.04 respectively for D. cinereus, Shorea acuminata, Arenga pinnata, Shorea falcifera and Hopea sangal. Among those five dominant species, only D. cinereus with S. falcifera and D. cinereus with A. pinnata had a significant association. Our study also determined that calling for species conservation is alarming rate and those not only needed for D. cinereus alone but island ecosystem as a whole.
Agroforest diversity and ethnobotanical aspects in two villages of Berau, East Kalimantan, Indonesia ADISTI PERMATASARI PUTRI HARTOYO; SUPRIYANTO SUPRIYANTO; ISKANDAR Z. SIREGAR; IDA THEILADE; LILIK B. PRASETYO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190205

Abstract

Hartoyo APP, Supriyanto, Siregar IZ, Theilade I, Prasetyo LB. 2018. Agroforest diversity and ethnobotanical aspects in two villages of Berau, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 387-398. REDD+ aims to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, conservation, enhancement of forest carbon stocks, and sustainable forest management (SFM). An assessment of agroforest is important for REDD+ implementation in Indonesia. In this context, evaluation of the existing agroforests and their uses is an important issue. The objectives of this research were to characterize agroforest diversity with respect to habitat, regulation, production and information functions in Kampung Birang and Kampung Merabu, Berau, East Kalimantan. This research focused on two size classes of trees, namely medium trees (10?dbh?20 cm) and large trees (dbh>20 cm). Local community members were trained in plot establishment (60 plots, 50x50 m), tree diameter measurement, trees tagging, and herbarium collection. Local community members identified tree species by local names and listed the species uses. Results showed that agroforests as habitat obtained diversity indices (H’) of moderate category for Kampung Birang and high category for Kampung Merabu. Otherwise, Margalef’s index (Dmg) for the medium and large tree classes in Kampung Birang and Kampung Merabu were classified as high species richness category. This finding implies that enrichment planting using high economic value species is still necessary in Kampung Birang. Kampung Merabu was found to be more diverse than Kampung Birang, although soil quality in Kampung Birang was better than that in Kampung Merabu. Disturbances due to human activities that potentially impact agroforest stability were also pre-identified. The top ten tree species were classified based on importance value index (IVI) across both villages consisting of 80% shade intolerant and 20% semi-tolerant species. Agroforest showing production and information function as produces various edible fruits that are considered as key component for maintaining biodiversity sustainability and ecosystem functioning.
Autecology and morphological properties of sandalwood (Santalum album) in Pidie District, Aceh, Indonesia DEDEN NUROCHMAN; JUANG RATA MATANGARAN; GUNAWAN SANTOSA; DIDIK SUHARJITO; RITA KARTIKA SARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190207

Abstract

Nurochman D, Matangaran JR, Santosa G, Suharjito D, Sari RK. 2018. Autecology and morphological properties of sandalwood (Santalum album) in Pidie District, Aceh, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 406-412. IUCN Red List (1998) reported that Santalum album L. as an endangered species. Studies on autecology, association, and the utilization of sandalwood on its natural habitat becomes important to perform conservation of the species. This research was conducted in Teungku Dilaweung Village, Pidie District, Province of Aceh. Vegetation analysis was conducted to determine the population structures. Distribution pattern was analyzed using Morisita Index (Id) and Chi-square test, while interspecific association pattern was determined through contingency table, Jaccard Index (JI) and variance-ratio (VR) test. Observation and analysis of physical and chemical properties of soil, topography, and microclimate were done to identify ecological factors affecting the presence of sandalwood. The study showed that the highest abundance at tree level (IVI>100%) was obtained by Syzygium cumini with a density of 15 trees/ha. S. album was found to have clumped distribution pattern with an Id value of 2.258 and ?2compute of 62.571. S. Album has an interspecific association with two species i.e.: Syzygium cumini (?2compute of 5.104 and JI of 0.846) and Ziziphus oenopolia (?2compute of 6.516 and JI of 0.833) with VR of 0.474. Interspecific association indicated that S. album has strongly associated with Syzygium cumini and Ziziphus oenopolia. Morphological characters and habitat properties of sandalwood in research site has a similarity to the Province of NTT.
The prospect of the utilization of Non-Timber Forest Products from Setulang Village forest based on local knowledge of the Uma Longh community in Malinau, North Kalimantan, Indonesia THOMAS R. HUTAURUK; ABUBAKAR M. LAHJIE; B.D.A.S. SIMARANGKIR; MARLON I. AIPASSA; YOSEP RUSLIM
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190209

Abstract

Hutauruk TR, Lahjie AM, Simarangkir B.D.A.S., Aipassa MI, Ruslim Y. 2018. The prospect of the utilization of Non-Timber Forest Products from Setulang Village forest based on local knowledge of the Uma Longh community in Malinau, North Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 421-430. The establishment of Village Forest status gives local people assurance to manage the forest independently, but also limits its utilization. Communities are given freedom in the utilization of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) and environmental services, but they are prohibited to utilize timber forest products that can disturb and destroy the life of flora and fauna in it. The Uma Longh community utilize NTFPs to meet the needs for food, medicines, and craft material. The objective of this study was to know the prospect of the utilization of NTFPs from Setulang Village Forest. Data were gathered by interview, FGD, documentation, observation and field sampling in transects. The analysis method used in this research was CLAPS (Arquiza 2008; Bakkegaard et al. 2016). This research concluded that the NTFPs in Uma Longh community had good prospect so that the commodities included in the NTFPs category could be managed by the local community independently and sustainably, including Calamus sp. and Gigantochloa sp. In order for NTFPs to be available sustainably, the existence of village forest should be maintained, and this requires (i) the existence of government regulatory support that ensures its sustainability, (ii) the community support to comply with agreements and rules made, (iii) the availability of responsible management institutions, and (iv) the availability of adequate funding sources.
Short Communication: Biology and distribution of Parnassius apollo (Linnaeus, 1758) a rare species in Mordovia Republic, Russia ALEXANDER B. RUCHIN; GENNADIJ F. GRISHUTKIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190210

Abstract

Ruchin AB, Grishutkin GF. 2018. Short Communication: Biology and distribution of Parnassius apollo (Linnaeus, 1758) a rare species in Mordovia Republic, Russia. Biodiversitas 19: 431-436. There are three isolated populations of Parnassius apollo in Mordovia. The population, found in Mordovia Nature Reserve, is in a sad state and requires urgent protection measures. The second largest population lives in Bolshie Berezniki district. Butterflies from this population are locally found on glades, cuttings, floodplain meadows. It has fragmentized (mosaic) structure of records and a low number of adults. The largest population inhabits Smolny National Park. Irruption typically occurs in this population every few years. The most significant negative impact on the population of Apollo in Mordovia is caused by overgrowing of habitats by small-leaved forests, fragmentation of landscapes, isolation of populations. Data on the number of butterflies and the species composition of fodder plants for the imago of Apollo are given.
Diversity of Ganoderma pathogen in Pontianak, West Kalimantan: Characteristics, virulence and ability to infect Acacia mangium seedlings ROSA SURYANTINI; REINE SUCI WULANDARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190213

Abstract

Suryantini R, Wulandari RS. 2018. Diversity of Ganoderma pathogen in Pontianak, West Kalimantan: Characteristics, virulence and ability to infect Acacia mangium seedlings. Biodiversitas 19: 465-471. The study aimed to determine morphological characteristics and virulence of Ganoderma isolates. The method that was used: isolation and characterization isolate from Acacia mangium, palm oil (Elaeis guineensis) and rubber (Hevea brasiliensis); inoculation of isolate in A. mangium; its influence to seedling dry weight. Results showed that isolated from A. mangium is G. lucidum, from palm oil is G. boninense and isolated from rubber plant is G. applanatum. Symptoms were observed within 3 months after inoculation. Symptoms began with chlorosis, necrosis and then seedling death. The G. lucidum is of highest virulent (2.08) compare to  G. boninense (1.42). Whereas the one which isolated from rubber plant is moderately virulent (0.92). Ganoderma infection was indicated by decreasing the dry weight of infected seedlings. Difference type of isolates did not significantly effect to the decreasing of seedling dry weight 3.82 g (inoculated by G. lucidum), 4.01 g (inoculated by G. boninense), 5.02 g (inoculated by G. applanatum). These results showed that these isolates (especially G. lucidum-like) are species to watch out as for Ganoderma root rot pathogen. The presence of perennials such as palm oil and infected rubber, can be a potential source of inoculum for A. mangium.
Strategy of the Outer Baduy community of South Banten (Indonesia) to sustain their swidden farming traditions by temporary migration to non-Baduy areas BUDIAWATI SUPANGKAT ISKANDAR; JOHAN ISKANDAR; RUHYAT PARTASASMITA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190212

Abstract

Iskandar BS, Iskandar J, Partasasmita R. 2018. Strategy of the Outer Baduy community of South Banten (Indonesia) to sustain their swidden farming traditions by temporary migration to non-Baduy areas. Biodiversitas 19: 453-464. The Baduy people live in the forest village of Kanekes, in Leuwidamar sub-district, Lebak district, Banten Province, Indonesia. They have long practiced a form of swidden farming based on traditional ecological knowledge and beliefs about the cosmos. Unlike the rest of the surrounding Sundanese society, the Baduy have prohibited wet rice field cultivation on their lands. Moreover, in conserving their traditional swidden farming system, the Baduy people have resisted the use of modern rice varieties, inorganic fertilizers, and synthetic pesticides. On the basis of Baduy culture, their swidden-produced rice is not sold, and for at least the past 50 years the harvested rice has not been stored away in barns but instead has been mainly used for daily home consumption and various traditional rituals. Nowadays, Baduy swidden farming is affected by many new pressures – particularly by population increase, and increasing food demand – but the forest land used for practicing their swidden farming is limited. Therefore, in order to maintain the sustainability of their swidden farming system, the Baduy people, particularly the Outer Baduy, have developed cultural strategies that include temporary outmigration (nganjor) to neighboring, non-Baduy areas where Muslim value-systems provide the main cultural dynamic. The aim of the study reported in this paper was to elucidate the cultural strategy of the Outer Baduy to maintain their sustainable swidden farming by temporary out-migration to non-Baduy areas in territory of the Muslim majority. The method used in this study was qualitative based on an ethno ecological approach. Several techniques were used, namely direct observation, participant observation, and deep interviews with competent informants who were purposively selected. The results of the study confirmed that up until now the Outer Baduy have maintained the sustainability of their swidden farming, by various means, especially by conducting contemporary outmigration to non-Baduy areas in Muslim majority territory. They plant swidden rice in a way that fulfills various traditional rituals, and by diversifying their non-rice-trading options that include growing a variety of mainly tree crops in their swidden land (huma) and in other anthropogenic land. This involves occasional negotiated out-migration to non-Baduy area for temporary swidden farming in surrounding Muslim majority territory. This has enabled the Outer Baduy swidden farming system to be maintained on a long-term basis.

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