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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,259 Documents
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Detection of plasmids and curing analysis in copper resistant bacteria Acinetobacter sp. IrC1, Acinetobacter sp. IrC2, and Cupriavidus sp. IrC4 WAHYU IRAWATI; TRIWIBOWO YUWONO; AMANDA RUSLI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170140

Abstract

Irawati W, Yuwono T, Rusli A. 2016. Detection of plasmids and curing analysis in copper resistant bacteria Acinetobacter sp. IrC1, Acinetobacter sp. IrC2, and Cupriavidus sp. IrC4. Biodiversitas 17: 296-300. Acinetobacter sp. IrC1, Acinetobacter sp. IrC2, and Cupriavidus sp. IrC4 were copper resistant bacteria. The aims of the study were to establish correlation between bacterial resistance anthe presence of plasmid and to prove the presence of gene that encodes resistance to copper in plasmid. Plasmid curing was carried out by the addition of ethidium bromide, acridine orange, and SDS in Salt Base Solution broth medium. Detection of copper resistance gene in plasmid was carried out by PCR method using CopA primer. The study showed that plasmid isolation has been successfully performed in Acinetobacter sp. IrC1, Acinetobacter sp. IrC2, and Cupriavidus sp. IrC4. The size of plasmid was approximately more than 21 kb. The most effective curing treatment in Acinetobacter sp. IrC1 was 600-700 µg/ml ethidium bromide that reduced up to three times of copper resistance after curing treatment. Meanwhile, copper resistance in Acinetobacter sp. IrC2 and Cupriadus sp. IrC4 decreased four times after curing treatment using 150-200 µg/mL acridine orange and 3000-3500 µg/mL SDS, respectively. The decrease of copper resistance following plasmid curing treatment suggested that copper resistance gene was encoded by the plasmid. The amplification of CopA gene in the plasmid showed the presence of single band DNA with approximately 1.8 kb. The finding on copper resistance present in the plasmid may open a wider application of bacteria as copper bioremediation agent.
Short Communication: Genetic identification of local pigs, and imported pigs Duroc) based on cytochrome b sequence analysis TETY HARTATIK; BAYU DEWANTORO PUTRA SOEWANDI; SLAMET DIAH VOLKANDARI; ARNOLD CHRISTIAN TABUN; SUMADI SUMADI; WIDODO WIDODO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170138

Abstract

Hartatik T, Soewandi BDP, Volkandari SD, Tabun AC, Sumadi, Widodo. 2016. Genetic identification of local pigs, and imported pigs (Landrace and Duroc) based on cytochrome b sequence analysis. Biodiversitas 17: 270-274. The aim of this study was to identify the genetics of local pigs and imported pigs (from Bali), ix Landrace pigs and four Duroc pigs (from Malang), ine Landrace pigs (from Kupang). Qualitative traits in pigs such as coat color, body shape (back shape, belly shape, and ears) and hair cover were observed. The cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene of mitochondrial DNA was analyzed using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The PCR analysis resulted in a 464 base pairs (bp) amplified band, and this was digested using TaqI restriction enzyme. The PCR-RFLP analysis resulted in two bands, 246 and 218 bp (monomorphic). The alignment analysis showed four points of single nucleotide polymorphisms. Bali and Kupang pigs had a specific pattern on exterior characteristics such as curved back shape, belly hanging shape, small ears and thick hair, and had many variations on coat color such as black, cream, spotted and mottled. The differences in coat color and body shape, and the corresponding mtDNA Cyt b sequence (with four SNPs) is a marker for genetic variation in pigs.
Short Communication: Inventory of native orchids in Makki Sub-District, Lanny Jaya, Papua, Indonesia VERENA AGUSTINI; LISYE I. ZEBUA; NONANCE WENDA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170141

Abstract

Agustini V, Zebua L, Wenda N. 2016. Inventory of native orchids in Makki Sub-District, Lanny Jaya, Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 17: 301-305. Orchids have been over exploitation since years ago. Some of orchids species are becoming threatened, endangered or even vanished that which may have not been found or discovered. Lanny Jaya, Papua, Indonesia is a new district located at latitude 03o 57’ 08” S and longitude 138o 25’ 05.02” E, covers an area of 2.248 km 2. The establishment of this new district gives impact to the plant habitat including orchids. The study was done in Makki Sub-District, Lanny Jaya, Papua, Indonesia. The present study is an inventory orchid species in Lanny Jaya by explorative method. There were 22 species (17 genera) consist of epiphytic, terrestrial and lithophytic orchids. Among them Dendrobium subclausum is the most abundance species in this area. With the combination of bright orange and yellow colors in sepal it can be seen throughout the year.
Assessment of competition indices of an unlogged oriental beech mixed stand in Hyrcanian forests, Northern Iran MOJTABA AMIRI; REZA NAGHDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170142

Abstract

Amiri M, Naghdi R. 2016. Assessment of competition indices of an unlogged oriental beech mixed stand in Hyrcanian forests, Northern Iran. Biodiversitas 17: 306-314. Studying on structural dynamics of natural forest ecosystems is an important subject in closeto-nature silviculture and the pertaining tending operations. The objective of this research was to analyze the competition indices of the tree species and some structural characteristics in an unlogged mixed-beech natural forest stand located in Shastkalate forest, Northern Iran. To do so, the required data was collected from a 16ha (400×400 m2) permanent plot established in 2006. The characteristics of the trees including species, DBH, total height, stem height, crown diameter, and the distance between the stems were measured and recorded. The results indicated that alder and wild service have the highest and lowest DBH, respectively, and also beech species comprises almost half of the basal area as well as the total volume of the stand trees. The results of competition effect on the distribution of the given species tree stems and also on low (≤30 cm), medium (35-50 cm), large (55-70), and very large (>75 cm) diameter classes showed that the competition existing among individual trees decreased as their respective distances, DBH, and crown area enhanced by the increase in distance, such that the highest (R2adj= 0.79) and the lowest (R2adj= 0.38) values of competition indices (e.g. Stand density and Relative Spacing index) were, respectively, observed in ≤30 cm and >75 cm diameter classes. The data of the present research, as well, indicated that a more appropriate competition index can be selected by increasing the number of the variables applied in competition indices such as considering the distance among stems, DBH, crown area, and height. As a whole, in the present study the distance-dependent competition indices (e.g. distance-weighted size ratios and Daniel et al) presented better results.
Review: Climate-induced hydrological changes and the ecology of tropical freshwater biota SUNARDI SUNARDI; GERHARD WIEGLEB
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170144

Abstract

Sunardi, Wiegleb G. 2016. Climate-induced hydrological changes and the ecology of tropical freshwater biota. Biodiversitas 17: 322-331. Climate change is believed to pose adverse effects to biodiversity of aquatic systems, with no exception of those in tropical areas. However, next few decades species extinction is suggested as dark future as we lack researches uncovering how climate change threats the aquatic biota. Unluckily, the tropical freshwater systems are expected to suffer more severe impacts of climate change, from heavy floods or extended drought than do the boreal areas. A comprehensive understanding of biota’ performance in face of climatic pressures, will guide the further necessary researches. This paper presents a review on the available researches addressing ecological effects of the most influential climatic parameter in tropic area, the hydrological regime, on freshwater biota. The research reveal that the extreme water fluctuations induced by climate change have negatively affected the performance of freshwater biota. In the next few decades, climate change seems to remain as one of the main threats for freshwater ecosystems, and is responsible for the lost of itsbiodiversity.
The population of spotted cuscus (Spilocuscus maculatus) and its habitat carrying capacity in Numfor Island, Papua, Indonesia ANTON SILAS SINERY; WARTIKA ROSA FARIDA; JACOB MANUSA WAI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170143

Abstract

Sinery AS, Farida WR, Manusawai J. 2016. The population of spotted cuscus (Spilocuscus maculatus) and its habitat carrying capacity in Numfor Island, Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 17: 315-321. The purpose of this research was to study the population of spotted cuscus (Spilocuscus maculatus) and the carrying capacity of its habitat. The result showed that the cuscus population size in 105 ha research area was 17 individuals, with population density of 0.41 individuals/ha or each individual occupied 2.44 ha. Cuscus is the first consumer in a food chain system that consumes a variety of plants and plays an important role in the spread of plant seeds. Its birth rate is higher than its death rate despite its low reproduction rate. Fruit-bearing trees with diameter > 10 cm as source of food for cuscus consisted of 13 species of 10 families with a diversity index of 2.43 (categorized as moderate). The productivity of cuscus food was 0.75 kg/season/ ha which indicated the limitations of the carrying capacity of cuscus’ habitat so that the need of food was fulfilled from secondary forests and community gardens.
Four newly recorded Amanita taxa from India YADWINDER SINGH; MUNRUCHI KAUR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170146

Abstract

Singh Y, Kaur M. 2016. Four newly recorded Amanita taxa from India. Biodiversitas 17: 342-348. During the fungal foraysin district Himachal Pradesh of North Western India, four unrecorded taxa of Amanita were collected. They are Amanita flavoconia var.flavoconia, A. flavoconia var. inquinata, A. pilosella f. pilosella and A. porphyria. A. flavoconia var. flavoconia is distinctive in having abrilliant yellow to yellow orange cap, with white lamellae and a stipe base turning light brownish on injury. Whereas. A. flavoconia var.inquinata possesses brownish orange to yellowish orange to orange yellow, subvicid pileus, having white to pastel yellow stipe, annulusgrayish yellow, superior and volva forming broken rings of yellow patches around the bulb. A. pilosella f. pilosella unique in possessinggrayish brown or brownish beige pileus having thick irregular warts and white lamellae edges. A. porphyria is represented by nonstriatepileus margin, off white stipe, decorated with grayish squamules, with violaceous tinge and has a marginate bulb, annulus is persistent,off white above and light grey below and volva is friable, as grey, cottony mass at the margin of the bulb.
Responses to environmental and socio-economic changes in the Karangwangi traditional agroforestry system, South Cianjur, West Java JOHAN ISKANDAR; BUDIAWATI SUPANGKAT ISKANDAR; RUHYAT PARTASASMITA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170145

Abstract

Iskandar J, Iskandar BS, Partasasmita R. 2016. Responses to environmental and socio-economic changes in the Karangwangi traditional agroforestry system, South Cianjur, West Java. Biodiversitas 17: 332-341. In the past, the swidden agriculturesystem (huma) was dominant in village frontiers of West Java; including in the Karangwangi Village of Cidaun Sub-district, Cianjur District, West Java Province. Culturally, each Karangwangi household owned a right to cultivate upland rice (huma) by felling mature forest (leuweung). Moreover, the land was planted by upland rice and other annual crops, such as corn, cassava, cucumber, and various beans. After harvesting rice and other annual crops, the land was fallowed and transformed into secondary forest (reuma) through natural succession. Moreover, the mature secondary forest (reuma kolot) could be opened for rice planting again in the following year or fallowed for more than 3-5 years. People will shift to another piece of mature secondary forest for rice planting. Today, because of increasing population, decreasing forests, and increasing market economic penetration, the Karangwangi people have predominantly practiced the swidden farming in the non-forest instead of the forest. The forests had culturally been converted to traditional agroforestry systems, such as mixed-garden (kebon tatangkalan),  and homegarden (pekarangan). This paper discusses the process of evolution of the swidden farming and innovatory cultural practice among the Karangwangi community, South Cianjur, West Java, in management of the traditional agroforestry systems which have been dynamically affected by ecological and socio-economic changes. Four parts are presented in this paper. In part one, we account for the Karangwangi people used to practice the swidden farming in the forest when the forest area that was still abundant. In part two, we discuss a focus on process of the evolution of the swidden farming, transformed to the traditional agroforestry systems In part three, we elaborate on some changes of the traditional agroforestry system and responses to environmental changes. In part four, it is summarized and inferred of the paper. Based on this study, it can be inferred that by developing innovatory cultural practice, Karangwangi people of South Cianjur, West Java have tended to success to evolve their swidden farming to new condition of the traditional agroforestry systems in sustainable way, despite population growth, the depletion of the forests, and intensive market economic penetration.
The roles of community fruit garden (tembawang) on maintaining forest structure, diversity and standing biomass allocation: an alternative effort on reducing carbon emission DWI ASTIANI; RIPIN RIPIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170148

Abstract

Astiani D, Ripin. 2016. The roles of community fruit garden (tembawang) on maintaining forest structure, diversity and standing biomass allocation: an alternative effort on reducing carbon emission. Biodiversitas 17: 359-365. Fruit garden (tembawang) Cempedak Village in Sanggau West Kalimantan has been established by local community for their family mixed garden ~ >100 years. The families of 3rd generation were utilizing the tembawang for their needs of building materials, fire woods, rattan, vegetables, fruits, and traditionals medicine. It is important to study how this tembawang play their roles in maintaing forest structure, species diversity and stocking biomass. In 2014, we studied this area for exploring the vegetation composition and their ability to stock biomass of the tembawang. Stratified Random Sampling was applied to the 6.69 ha tembawang area, which devided into three major land cover patches (Mixed fruit garden, mixed rubber plants, and fruit garden mixed with apik-Arenga undulatifolia Becc palm). We surveyed and sampled vegetation using transect methods purposively chosen on each landcover patch, with sampling area consecutively for mixed fruit garden, mixed rubber plants, and mixed of fruit garden and apik were 1.52, 0.6, and 0.72 hectars. Results demonstrated that mixed fruit garden carried out higher tree diversity, density, basal area, and maintained the largest above ground biomass per hectar compared to the two other patches. From 97 vegetation spesies registered, it maintained 49 tree species of diameter >20cm and 51 tree species in the lower strature in the forest structure. Interestingly, Durio zibethinus Murr. was a dominant species on all landcover patches types and sinked the largest above ground living biomass. The choice of fruit species on tembawang determined the capability of the embawang land to sequester and stock carbon in trees, because the trees were standing in tembawang for longer time compared to the one in production forest. This results show that, beside its multiple role for people community, tembawang provide other benefits to the nature in maintaining forest structure, diversity, and stocking large carbon in standing biomass.
Plants diversity of the deforested peat-swamp forest of Tripa, Indonesia DJUFRI DJUFRI; WARDIAH WARDIAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170150

Abstract

Djufri, Wardiah, Muchlisin ZA. 2016. Plants diversity of the deforested peat-swamp forest of Tripa, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 17: 372-376. Tripa peat swamp forest has been degraded due to human perturbation and resulted in decreasing the plant diversity.Currently, no report on plant diversity from this region in another hand the degradation is occurring continuously. Hence, the purpose ofthe present study was to evaluate the plants diversity of the Tripa peat swamp forest in Aceh Barat District, Indonesia. A quadraticmethod was employed in this study. Determination of the square area was carried out based on the curve of minimum area. The resultshowed that there were 41 species of herbs with diversity index ranging from 1.8785 to 2.4180 classified as low to moderate categories.A total of seven species of shrubs and 24 species of trees were found at the locations with diversity index (H') ranging from 1.5186 to 1.7496 and 2.1713 to 2.9133 respectively, indicating the diversity of shrubs was in a low category, while the diversity of tress was in the moderate level. It is concluded that the diversity index of herbs and shrubs were in a low category while the tree groups were in the medium category. According to the diversity index and direct observation of the Tripa peat swamp forest, this area had been degraded due to land conversion.

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