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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Articles 6,259 Documents
Flowering, fruiting, seed germination and seedling growth of Macaranga gigantea DWI SUSANTO; DADDY RUCHIYAT; MAMAN SUTISNA; RUDIANTO AMIRTA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170128

Abstract

Susanto D, Ruchiyat D, Sutisna M, Amirta R. Flowering, fruiting, seed germination and seedling growth of Macaranga gigantea. Biodiversitas 17: 192-199. The stages of flower and fruit development of Macaranga gigantea, its seed germination behavior in nature and from fruit harvesting, as well as the process of raising its seedlings in the laboratory were studied to determine the potential for production of M. gigantea seedlings. Five reproductive trees of M. gigantea were chosen as sources of seed. To estimate natural germination rates, four sample plots of 1 x 1 m 2in four cardinal directions below the crown of every tree were set up. In addition, dry and wet extraction processes were carried out to determine, which the more effective method for germination of M. gigantea seeds. The results showed that the time required from flower development to fruit ripening in M. gigantea flowers was 5-6 months. The flower buds initiated in the dry season (August 2011). The germination in laboratory showed that the percentage and the rate of germination of the seeds extracted through the wet extraction process were higher than those extracted through the dry extraction process. The highest rate of germination planted on mushroom spawn waste media was the highest rate (0.36 0.42%), followed by those planted on compost media (0.150.09%), top soil media (0.100.04%) and sand media (0.100.07%).
Responses of the Arabidopsis KNOX and Boron transport gene mutants against the deficiency and overdose of Boron nutrient WIDI SUNARYO; NURHASANAH NURHASANAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170131

Abstract

Sunaryo W, Nurhasanah. 2016. Responses of the Arabidopsis KNOX and Boron transport gene mutants against the deficiency and overdose of Boron nutrient. Biodiversitas 17: 218-221. Boron is a micro element essential to the plant. Deficiency or overdose of this element result in the stunted plant growth and leads to a decline in the quantity and quality of crop yield. This research was aimed to study the growth response of single homozygous mutant KNOX bp-9. Some seedling growth variables such as root length, leaf number and plant height were characterized to observe the response of plant against the treatments. Results showed that different concentration of Boron resulted in a significant effect to seedling growth of all mutants. The loss of BOR1 gene function as Boron transporter at bor1-1 mutant strains and loss of NIP5;1 gene function as Protein Channel caused severe growth pressures in conditions of media without boron mutants showed no significant growth differences compared to the wild type (Col-0) indicating that the KNOX genes does likely not related to the function of Boron transport genes.
Length-weight relationship and population genetic of two marine gastropods species (Turbinidae: Turbo sparverius and Turbo bruneus) in the Bird Seascape Papua, Indonesia DANDI SALEKY; ISDRAJAD SETYOBUDIANDI; HAMID A. TOHA; MUHAMMAD TAKDIR; HAWIS H. MADDUPPA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170130

Abstract

Length-weight relationship and population genetic of two marine gastropods species (Turbinidae: Turbo sparverius and Turbo bruneus) in the Bird Seascape Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 17: 208-217. Turbo sparverius and Turbo bruneus are herbivorous grazers gastropod that lived on the rocky intertidal area, which have a role in maintaining algae on the intertidal ecosystem. Local people in Papua have exploited them for food and souvenirs. Even though this exploitation might affect their genetic diversity and population, a study of the genetic structure of these species has not been previously reported. This study aimed to analyze the morphometric, genetic diversity, population structure and connectivity of T. sparverius and T. bruneus in coastal water of West Papua, Indonesia. The results showed that the growth pattern of T. sparverius and T. bruneus in all populations were negative allometric, which means that weight gain was slower than length. Haplotype diversity value of all population T. sparverius and T. bruneus were 0.657-0.705 and 0.739-0.816, respectively. In addition, the haplotype diversity of each population showed a high level of diversity. The genetic structure was found in all population of T. sparverius and T. bruneus with F value-0.037-0.201 and 0.031, respectively. Population structure and phylogenetic tree showed the closeness of genetic due to gene flow between both T. sparverius and T. bruneus. Genetic distance value between populations T. sparverius and T. bruneus are very low were 0.002 and 0.003-0.004, respectively. High genetic similarity might occur due to condition and direction of current flow mediating of gene transport among population, and the similarity of habitats in each population.
Stand damage due to mono-cable winch and bulldozer yarding in a selectively logged tropical forest YOSEP RUSLIM; RUSPITA SIHOMBING; YASON LIAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170132

Abstract

Ruslim Y, Sihombing R, Liah Y. 2016. Stand damage due to mono-cable winch and bulldozer yarding in a selectively logged tropical forest. Biodiversitas 17: 222-228. Timber yarding with bulldozers has substantial unwanted environmental impacts and degrades the quality residual stands. We contrasted the impacts of bulldozer yarding with yarding with a sled-mounted mono-cablewinches equipped with 20 and 26 horsepower engines and 100 m of wire in a natural forest timber concession in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. We compared the two systems on the basis of productivity and stand damage in forests that were selectively logged at the same intensity on slopes ≤ 40% for bulldozer and for mono-cable yarding on slopes ≤55%. On slopes ≤40%, bulldozers yarded anaverage of 10.3 m 3 hm -1 hour -1 to roadside log landings whereas monoable winch productivity was 7.8 m 3 In these areas, mono-cable winching caused 1.2%, 2.0%, 0.6%, and 27.0% less damage to seedlings, saplings, poles, and trees than bulldozer yarding. Our study demonstrates that conventional methods such as bulldozer skidding created damage at seedling, sapling, pole and tree levels of vegetation around 15.3%, 9.9%, 10.8% and 34.5% at slope ≤40%. Winch-yarding is rare in tropical forestry, but the low cost of the mono-cable system we tested 3 day-1 for yarding distances that averaged 70.5 m, employment opportunities, and reduced environmental impacts indicate that such systems could make a major contribution to reduced-impact logging and promote local development.
Anatomical structure and antioxidant activity of red bulb plant EVI MINTOWATI KUNTORINI; MARIA DEWI; MISRINA MISRINA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170133

Abstract

Kuntorini EM, Dewi M, Misrina. 2016. Anatomical structure and antioxidant activity of red bulb plant (Eleutherine americana) on different plant age. Biodiversitas 17: 229-233. Eleutherine americana Merr is an medicinal herb named “red bulb” or “bawang dayak”. Red bulb plant is commonly used as anti-breast cancer in Kalimantan, which may be linked to their bioactive naphtoquinone-derivatives properties. The aim of this study was to characterize the anatomical structure and antioxidant activity in red bulb of different ages. The anatomical structure of bulb was fixed and prepared following paraffin embedding techniques. Measurement of antioxidant activity carried out using the DDPH method. The anatomical structure of red bulb showed that the P2 = 93 ppm, but weaker than vitamin C (IC 50 = 3.03 ppm) and BHT (IC50 = 5.52 ppm) as a control.
Shade tree species diversity and coffee productivity in Sumberjaya, West Lampung, Indonesia RUSDI EVIZAL; SUGIATNO SUGIATNO; FEMBRIARTI ERRY PRASMAWATI; INDAH NURMAYASARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170134

Abstract

Evizal R, Sugiatno, Prasmatiwi FE, Nurmayasari I. 2016. Shade tree species diversity and coffee productivity in Sumberjaya, West Lampung, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 17: 234-240. Shade tree is an important variable that determines the productivity and sustainability of coffee plantation. In West Lampung, Indonesia coffee is grown on private land and on state land of Community Forest Program (CFP) using various types of shade trees. The research explored the diversity of shade trees and its influence on the productivity of coffee farms. The study area was one purposively sampled coffee farmer group in Sumberjaya District, West Lampung. We purposively chose one coffee farmer group. The group members’ farms located in private land and in CFP land were sampled randomly, each consisted of 18 farms. From each farm, we observed a plot of 50 m x 50 mand interviewed the farmer who managed the farm. Data collected were on the species and the number of trees, farm age, coffee tree densities, and productivity of coffee in the last 3 years. Data analyses of important value, tree species diversity, correlation, and regression were performed. Shade trees found in coffee farms of Sumberjaya were 36 species, 10 species (28%) of them were legume trees. Technical shade trees that have high importance value were Gliricidia sepium and Erythrina subumbrans. Multi Purpose Trees Species (MPTS) widely planted were Durio zibethinus and Parkia speciosa. The wood trees with a high importance value in the CFP coffee farms were Shorea javanica and Michelia champaca while in private coffee farms were Maesopsis eminii and Litsea sp. Based on Shannon’s index (H’) and Simpson’s dominance index (λ), a high diversity of shade tree species was found in CFP coffee farms at age ≥20 years. Shade trees with high dominance index had a positive effect on productivity of coffee and the percentage of MPTS had a negative effect. Whereas, the types of land tenure (private or CFP) and the abundance of shade trees did not affect the productivity of coffee.
The diversity of plant species, the types of plant uses and the estimate of carbon stock in agroforestry system in Harapan Makmur Village, Bengkulu, Indonesia WIRYONO WIRYONO; VENNY NOVIA UTAMI PUTERI; GUNGGUNG SENOAJI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170136

Abstract

Wiryono, Puteri VNU, Senoaji G. 2016. The diversity of plant species, the types of plant uses and the estimate of carbon stock in agroforestry system in Harapan Makmur Village, Bengkulu, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 17: 249-255. Homegardens are a traditional form of agroforestry commonly found in rural areas in Indonesia, where a variety of agricultural crops and forest trees are grown in a mixed system. To some extent, the traditional homegardens resemble natural forest in vegetation structure and composition. The objective of this study was to know the diversity of plant species, the types of plant uses and the estimate of carbon stock in homegardens in, Harapan Makmur Village, Central Bengkulu District, Bengkulu Province, Indonesia. The field work was conducted in 2013. The data of uses were collected through interview, while data on vegetation were gathered from measurement. The data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The results showed that 101 species of plants were found in the homegardens, with a Shannon-Wiener diversity index of 0.99 for trees. The most dominant species of trees was Hevea brasiliensis Willd (rubber tree) with an importance value index of 127 %. For saplings and shrubs, rubber was also the most dominant with 169 individuals, while for herbs, Agrostis sp. was the most dominant species with an average coverage of 25.8 %. The community used plants for several purposes: 41 species for food, 21 for fire wood, 13 for ornamental plants, 11 for medicines, 7 for construction wood, 6 for shade trees, 2 for handy craft, 4 for hedge, 3 for forage, and 2 for coloring. Twenty three species were not used. The estimate of carbon stock in trees was 95.2 ton ha-1. .
Evaluating the level of sustainability of privately managed forest in Bogor, Indonesia TATAN SUKWIKA; DUDUNG DARUSMAN; CECEP KUSMANA; DODIK RIDHO NURROCHMAT
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170135

Abstract

Sukwika T, Darusman D, Kusmana C, Nurrochmad DR. 2016. Evaluating the level of sustainability of privately managed forest in Bogor, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 17: 241-248. This study discusses the sustainability of small scale private forest in Bogor, Indonesia. It aims to determine the dimensions of sustainable private-forest and analyzing the sustainability index of privately managed forest. This study uses multidimensional scaling (MDS) o analyze the dimensions of sustainability, ranked from 0 (the lowest) to 10 (the highest), along with the support of Rap-Pforest, in order to assess the level of similarity and dissimilarity for each dimension. Using this scale from the sustainability index, this study estimates the level of sustainability of each dimension. After measuring each attribute’s level of ordination RMS change on the X axis, we estimate the error’s effect using Monte Carlo analysis. This study shows that the ecology as well as legal and institutional dimensions are moderately sustainable, with a sustainability index of 53.66% and 52.48%. However, the dimensions of economy, socio-culture, as well as accessibility and technology are less sustainable, with an index measurement of 41.62%, 47.02% and 47.56%, respectively. Based on those five sustainability dimensions, this study concludes that in average the level of sustainability of private-forest management in the Bogor is not sustainable (48.47%). We recommend that to improve the sustainability of small scale private forest management in Bogor, multiple stakeholders should be involved to development the most appropriate policy options.
Ethno-medicinal plants used for herbal medication of jaundice by the indigenous community of Tripura, India DIPANKAR DEB; B.K. DATTA; JABA DEBBARMA; SOURABH DEB
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170137

Abstract

Deb D, Datta BK, Debbarma J, Deb S. 2016. Ethno-medicinal plants used for herbal medication of jaundice by the indigenous community of Tripura, India. Biodiversitas 17: 256-269. The immemorial association of medicinal plants is highlighted in various utilization pattern by different indigenous community. An investigation was done for less known ethno-medicinal plants used for jaundice as well as some other ailments by the indigenous community of Tripura, Northeast India. The traditional utilization of plants for treatment of jaundice by the indigenous communities is not so well studied in the land locked hilly part of the country. Timely ethnobotanical survey was undertaken with the knowledge of the species mainly used for curing jaundice. Necessary specimens were collected and cross-checked with the existing literatures. A total of 50 ethno-medicinal plant species belonging to 37 families were documented used for the treatment of jaundice (5 plant species with an additional ingredient of 5 species) and other diseases. Mainly leaves and roots were preferred to prepare decoction, pills and paste etc. Most of the plant species are sources of different chemical constituents which further contribute in formulating drug for common use. The active biochemical compounds are investigated by thorough literature survey. There is need for further critical phytochemical analysis and investigation of new valid drugs. Immediate documentation of such valuable knowledge is necessary as we are gradually missing many precious traditional herbal formulations with increasing impacts of modernization.
Review: The diversity of local cattle in Indonesia and the efforts to develop superior indigenous cattle breeds SUTARNO SUTARNO; AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170139

Abstract

Sutarno, Setyawan AD. 2016. The diversity of local cattle in Indonesia and the efforts to develop superior indigenous cattle breeds. Biodiversitas 16: 275-295. Cattle breeding are regarded indigenous to Indonesia. In the country, there are three types of cattle breeds: zebu (Bos indicus), Bali cattle (Bos javanicus), and taurine (Bos taurus). These breeds are farmed for their meat, milk, leather, and their power for agricultural work. Zebu was introduced by the Indians in the beginning of the first century. Bali cattle are indigenous breeds that have been domesticated from wild bantengs (Bos javanicus) in Java and Bali for hundreds of years. Several breeds of taurine were imported in early eighteenth century to be used as dairy cattle. Zebu and taurine are the major cattle breeds of the world; whereas in Indonesia, the major cattle breeds are Bali cattle, Ongole crossbred, and Madura cattle, which is a crossbred of the former two. Primary breeding between species in the genus Bos will result in sterile male and fertile female offspring. However, secondary breeding with a crossbred female will result in fertile offspring. In Indonesia, there are several local cattle breeds of zebu that have adapted to the local condition, for example Ongole crossbred, Aceh cattle, Pesisir cattle, Sumba Ongole, and, the less commonly found, Galekan cattle of Trenggalek. In addition, there are many hybrids between zebu and Bali cattle such as Madura cattle, Jabres cattle of Brebes, Rancah cattle of Ciamis, and Rambon cattle of Bondowoso, Banyuwangi, and the surrounding areas. A crossbreeding of zebu and taurine produces Grati dairy cattle. In 1970s, an Artificial Insemination program was conducted in a large scale using male cattle and semen from several breeds of zebu (Brahman, Brahman Cross) and taurine (particularly Simmental, Limousin, Holstein Friesians). The program resulted in more complex genetic mixes. Crossbreeding conducted directly in the field causes a concern since it may threaten the purity of the native species and decrease the cattle’s potential for adaptation, reproduction, and productivity. It is better to conduct crossbreeding programs privately in research centers or corporate/large farmers, of which the result can be distributed to smaller farms. “Ongolization” program that was introduced in the early twentieth century should be a lesson to learn, because it had led to the extinction of Javanese cattle, while the produced offspring, the Ongole Crossbred, are considered unsatisfactory so that they still have to be crossbred with other species of cattle, particularly taurine.

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