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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
 72   73   74   75   76 
Development of SNAP markers based on nucleotide variability of WRKY genes in coconut and their validation using multiplex PCR ANNEKE PESIK; DARDA EFENDI; HENGKY NOVARIANTO; DINY DINARTI; SUDARSONO SUDARSONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180204

Abstract

Abstract. Pesik A, EfendiD, NovariantoH, DinartiD, Sudarsono S. 2017. Development of SNAP markers based on nucleotide variability of WRKY genes in coconut and their validation using multiplex PCR. Biodiversitas 18: 465-475. Development of molecular markers benefits coconut breeding program. The availability of DNA sequences for coconuts opens the new possibility of developing molecular markers such as single nucleotide amplified polymorphism (SNAP). The study aimed to evaluate nucleotide sequence diversities of WRKY gene in the GenBank database, design gene specific primers for generating WRKY gene specific SNAP markers, optimize multiplex PCR technique and validate SNAP marker effectiveness for evaluating Kopyor coconut germplasm. Based on 35 sequences data of coconut WRKY genes that are available in the GenBank database, we have identified eight informative SNPs and used them to generate SNP-specific primers. We have designed sixteen primer pairs and validated them using singleplex PCR. Subsequently, we optimized the Ta and primer concentrations either for duplex or triplex PCR. Duplex PCR using two sets of primer pairs was more reliable for genotyping Kopyor coconut germplasm than triplex PCR. We have successfully demonstrated the duplex PCR for genotyping Banten Tall, Jember Tall, Kalianda Tall, Pati Dwarf and Sumenep Tall Kopyor coconuts. Therefore, one may use the developed SNAP markers as a simple alternative of co-dominant markers for genetic analysis of coconuts. One may use the developed SNAP markers to investigate the possible association between markers and Kopyor endosperm and other relevant phenotypes in coconuts.Keywords: Kopyor coconut, multiplex PCR, SNP
Response of soybean genotypes introduced from South Korea to drought stress during reproductive stage PURWANTORO PURWANTORO; SUHARTINA SUHARTINA; NOVITA NUGRAHAENI; APRI SULISTYO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180103

Abstract

Abstract. Purwantoro, Suhartina, Nugrahaeni N, Sulistyo A. 2017. Response of soybean genotypes introduced from South Korea to drought stress during reproductive stage. Biodiversitas 18: 15-19.  Soybean is mostly planted in wetland (paddy field) during dry season. The plant is frequently suffered from drought which lead to low productivity. Cultivar tolerant to drought is needed in an attempt to increase productivity. Instead of high productivity, short duration and large seed size are soybean characteristics preferred by soybean farmers in Indonesia. Research aimed to assess response of soybean introduction genotypes to drought stress during reproductive phase were conducted during dry season of 2012. Genotypes used in the study were twenty soybean genotypes introduced from South Korea and three check cultivars (Mutiara, Grobogan, and Dering 1). The trials were conducted in the field at Kendalpayak Experimental Farm and under rain-shelter in Kendalpayak, Malang, East Java, Indonesia. Each genotype was planted in a single row of 2 m length, with no replication. Plant spacing was 40 cm x 15 cm. Fertilizers i.e. 100 kg ha-1 of Urea, 100 kg ha-1 of SP36, and 75 kg ha-1 of KCl were applied entirely at planting time. The plants were irrigated twice, at planting and at flowering time, and then subjected to drought stress during reproductive phase. Observations included days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of branches, number of fertile nodes, number of pods, number of empty pods, weight of 100 seeds, and seed weight per plant. Results showed that five out of the 20 tested genotypes were resistant to drought stress during reproductive phase comparable to the check cultivar Dering 1. Four of them, i.e. Daewon, Ilmi, Jangmi, and Mausu, including large seed size and short duration. Those characteristics can be used to improve seed size and plants maturity of the existing drought tolerant cultivar.Keywords: Glyine max, introduction, genotype, drought stress, reproductive phase
Improvement of genetic variability in seedlings of Spathoglottis plicata orchids through X-ray irradiation SUYITNO ALOYSIUS; AZIZ PURWANTORO; KUMALA DEWI; ENDANG SEMIARTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180104

Abstract

Abstract. Aloysius S, Purwantoro A, Dewi K, Semiarti E. 2017. Improvement of genetic variability in seedlings of Spathoglottis plicata orchids through X-ray irradiation. Biodiversitas 18: 20-27. Developing genetic variability of orchids via mutation is promising for orchid breeding. The objective of this research was to improve genetic variation of Spathoglottis plicata orchids through X-ray-irradiation of the orchid seeds. The method involved X-ray irradiation of one month old mature orchid seeds at doses of 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24 rad. The X-ray irradiated seeds were sown on a half strength of MS medium and grown into protocorms (developing orchid embryo). Eight weeks-old protocorms were subcultured onto NP-SIM medium. Five months-old seedlings were then subcultured again into a new flask and morphological observations were recorded. Genetic variability detection was conducted using PCR RAPD based on nine primers, i.e. OPA1, OPA2, OPA11, OPA12, OPA14, OPB1, OPB4, OPD12, OPD14. The data was analyzed using GenAlex 6.1 software to obtain the genetic distance. Moreover, NTSys ver.2 was used to analyze the data for clustering and constructing a dendrogram based on Neighbour Joining model. The result showed that X-ray irradiation with doses of 12-18 rad was able to stimulate morphological variation of seedlings, especially characters of leaf, root and shoot. Interestingly, we found 2 in vitro early flowering plants among one years old X-ray irradiated plants, indicated that somehow X-ray mutation affect flowering time in orchid. Based on the dendrogram of genetic distance that the group of mutants was farther than the WT group and the percentage of polymorphism was bigger than that of wild type group, it is concluded that 12-18 rad doses of X-ray irradiation can be used for induction of genetic variability in Spathoglottis orchid.Keywords: Genetic variability, seed, seedling phenotype, Spathoglottis plicata, X-rayAbbreviations: BAP = benzylaminopurine; NAA = naphthaleneacetic acid; 2iP = 2 = isopentenyl adenine; NP = new phalaenopsis; SIM = shoot induction medium
Diversity and blooming season of food sources plant of Apis cerana (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in polyculture plantation in West Sumatra, Indonesia JASMI JASMI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180106

Abstract

Abstract. Jasmi. 2017. Diversity and blooming season of food sources plant of Apis cerana (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in polyculture plantation in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 34-40. The existence of honeybees in a habitat was highly affected by the presence of food source plant. Therefore, the research was conducted to examine the diversity and the blooming season of food source plant of Apis cerana Fabr. in polyculture plantation in West Sumatra from March 2011 to March 2012. Samples were collected with a plot method of 100 m x 100 m on altitudes of <100 m and >1.000 m asl. The results showed that 94 species (34 families) of food source plants for A. cerana were found. The most found species were Asteraceae (12 species) and Leguminoceae family (10 species). On the plateau, food source plants were 21 species, while on lowland there were 18 species and on both altitudes, there were 55 species (similarity index 75.34%). The number of cultivated plants was 46 species and the number of wild plants was 48 species. The cultivated plants in lowland were 34 species and 33 species in the plateau (similarity index 59.70%). Plants that bloom all year round were 59 species, plants that bloom depending on growing season were 15 species and annual plants that bloom annually were 20 species. The largest number of flowering plants was found in August with 88 species out of 94 species found.Keywords: Apis cerana, blooming season, diversity, food source plant, polyculture plantation
Population structure of palms in rainforests frequently impacted by cyclones DIAN LATIFAH; ROBERT A. CONGDON; JOSEPH A. HOLTUM
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180107

Abstract

Abstract. Latifah D, Congdon RA, Holtum JA. 2017. Population structure of palms in cyclone-dependent rainforests. Biodiversitas 18: 41-50.Tropical cyclones may act as important ecological drivers in northern Australia including north Queensland, as several cyclones impact this region each year between November and May. Extensive research has been conducted to investigate how the population structure of rainforest species respond to cyclonic disturbances. However, there have been few such studies on palms although they are important components of rainforests. Therefore, these study aimed to investigate how the population structure of Arenga australasica (H. Wendl. & Drude) S. T. Blake ex H. E. Moore, Calamus australis Mart., C. moti F. M. Bailey, Hydriastele wendlandiana (F. Muell.) H. Wendl. & Drude and Licuala ramsayi var. ramsayi (F. Muell.) H. Wendl. & Drude responded to a cyclone, as shown by size class reflecting mass recruitment after a periodic major disturbance (case study: Cyclone Larry). The field research was carried out in three study sites: Tam OShanter/Djiru National Park, Clump Mountain National Park and Kurrimine Beach Conservation Park located near Mission Beach and Kurrimine Beach, in north Queensland. Observations were made of life stage distribution, height and dbh distribution and wind resistance. We found that responses of the population structures of these rainforest palms varied following cyclonic disturbance by demonstrating higher densities of seedlings and juveniles, suggesting populations would be retained. More seedlings of C. australis and C. moti were found in gaps with higher canopy openness; oppositely, less seedlings of L. ramsayi were encountered under sites with lower sunlight. Keywords: disturbance, palms, population structure, northern Australia
Somaclonal variation induction of Bogor taro (Colocasia esculenta) by gamma irradiation FEBI NURILMALA; RICSON PEMIMPIN HUTAGAOL; IGA MANIK WIDHYASTINI; UTUT WIDYASTUTI; SUHARSONO SUHARSONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180105

Abstract

Abstract. Nurilmala F, Hutagaol RP, Widhyastini IM, Widyastuti U, Suharsono.2017. Somaclonal variation induction of Bogor taro (Colocasia esculenta) by gamma irradiation. Biodiversitas 18: 28-33. Taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) is a staple food that all parts of the plants can be consumed from the leaves, stems and corms. In the framework of breeding, diversity of characters has needed and somaclonal variation induction is the one of the utilized technological option. This research aims to develop somaclonal variation of Bogor taro to expand the diversity of character that leads to a new genotype which will then be multiplicated in order to meet the needs of superior seeds. Induction made to the apical shoots culture of Bogor taro with gamma ray irradiation doses of 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 Gy. Evaluation of the mutants were conducted with AFLP markers and quantitative similarity analysis using UPGMA method. The results show that the gamma ray give influence on the number of leaves and the highest at doses of 10 Gy, not so on the new shoots and dose 20 Gy is a lethal dose. AFLP analysis of the 13 samples taro Bogor generate 235 fragments in the size of 50-255 bp and produces a dendogram with similarity coefficients 0.49 to 0.81 that the induction of somaclonal variation produces a diversity of up to 51% compared to the parent.Keywords: AFLP analysis, Colocasia esculenta, gamma ray irradiation, somaclonal variations, taro 
Inventory and conservation plant of oke sou traditional ceremony; a welcoming tradition of maturity girl on the community of Lako Akediri Village, West Halmahera, Indonesia ANISATU Z. WAKHIDAH; MARINA SILALAHI; DIMAS H. PRADANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180110

Abstract

Abstract. Wakhidah AZ, Silalahi M, Pradana DH. 2017. Inventory and conservation plant of oke sou traditional ceremony; A welcoming tradition of maturity girl on the community of Lako Akediri Village, West Halmahera, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 65-72. Welcoming ceremony maturity girl (oke sou) is a hereditary tradition from Lako Akediri Village which believed effective in maintaining health and beauty of girl. Oke sou ceremony held when the girl gets her first menstruation. This preliminary research aims to document plant species used in oke sou ceremonies and to explain conservation behavior of community at Lako Akediri Village towards the used plant. The investigation was conducted twice, first on May-June 2014 resumed on October 2014. Ethnobotanical data were collected using semi-structured interviews method to a village shaman, traditional elders, and local women (30 respondents). Plant specimens collected from its habitat, made herbarium, and then identified. Recorded as many as 88 plant species from 78 genera belonging to 46 families used by community at Lako Akediri Village in oke sou ceremony. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most mentioned plant by the local community (20 respondents). The most widely used families are Fabaceae and Lamiaceae, each family has 7 species. The highest source of plant in oke sou ceremony derived from cultivated which in total 37 species (42%). This number represents used plants in oke sou ceremony have been widely cultivated by Lako Akediri community. The results of this study will enrich database of local knowledge in Indonesia and become source of research object in developing natural ingredients for human welfare. 
Phylogenetic analysis of Indonesian gandaria (Bouea) using molecular markers of cpDNA trnL-F intergenic spacer TRI HARSONO; NURSAHARA PASARIBU; SOBIR SOBIR; FITMAWATI FITMAWATI; EKO PRASETYA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180108

Abstract

Abstract. Harsono T, Pasaribu N, Sobir, Fitmawati, Prasetya E.2017. Phylogenetic analysis of Indonesian gandaria (Bouea) using molecular markers of cpDNA trnL-F intergenic spacer. Biodiversitas 18: 51-57.Genus Bouea is a member of the Family Anacardiaceae which is widespread in Malesia region. Genus Bouea consists of two types, namely, B. oppositifolia (Roxb.) Adelb. and B. macrophylla Griffit. This study aims to uncover the genetic diversity of Bouea in Indonesia based on molecular markers of cpDNA trnL-F intergenic spacer. The samples of genetic material analyzed are 7 accessions of B. oppositifolia and 8 accessions of B. macrophylla coming from the collection of the Bogor Botanical Gardens and the field exploration activity in Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan and Ambon, and Anacardium occidentale and Mangifera indica are also used as an out-group comparator. Based on phylogenetic analysis using the maximum parsimony and neighbor-joining method, genus Bouea is a monophyletic group or is derived from the same ancestor. Bouea derived from Gunung Tua, North Sumatra, has the longest branch and showed up earlier than the other sample so it can be considered that the ancestor of genus Bouea. B. oppositifolia has branches longer and show up early so it can be considered the ancestor of B. macrophylla. Both types of genera Bouea grouped separately in the phylogenetic tree and supports grouping types in genera Bouea. The results of phylogenetic tree construction do not indicate a geographical grouping of accession. Based on the phylogenetic tree, genus Bouea has a closer relationship with Anacardium occidentale compared with Mangifera indica. The results showed that the markers cpDNA trnL-F intergenic spacer effectively used to determine relationship in genus Bouea. Keywords: Bouea, cpDNA, gandaria, phylogenetic, trnL-F intergenic spacer
Effect of forest composition on bird species abundance in tropical dry deciduous forest: A case of Bhimbandh Wildlife Sanctuary, India MOHD SHAHNAWAZ KHAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180112

Abstract

Abstract. Khan MS. 2017. Effect of forest composition on bird species abundance in tropical dry deciduous forest: A case of Bhimbandh Wildlife Sanctuary, India. Biodiversitas 18: 78-85. The tropical dry deciduous forest (TDDF) with 38.2% of total forest cover in India forms the largest forest type of India. TDDF have been managed for centuries in the Indian subcontinent. However, so far it is not clear how different forest compositions and structures influence the abundance and the distribution patterns of faunal species vice versa. To provide further insights in this respect, we analysed how different habitat variables influence the abundance and diversity of forest birds. The difference in relative species abundances and habitat separation between forest specialist and generalist birds was also investigated. Different classes of bird density were discriminated with habitat variables. In general, it was found that higher bird densities were concentrated in the lower tree and shrub densities and diversities, however, high grass density and diversity with low tree density and diversity favoured the overall high bird density. Results further indicate the positive association of relative density of specialist bird species with the high grass density and diversity and low tree density and diversity. Specialists occurred in the lower relative densities (0.75±0.68) than that of generalists (0.86±0.69) and were found restricted to dense, pristine woody forest patches with high tree diversity. Keywords: Bhimbandh Wildlife Sanctuary, birds, Forest Composition, India, Tropical Dry Deciduous Forest
Variability on morphological characters associated with pod shattering resistance in soybean AYDA KRISNAWATI; M. MUCHLISH ADIE
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180111

Abstract

Abstract. Krisnawati A, Adie MM. 2016. Variability on morphological characters associated with pod shattering resistance in soybean. Biodiversitas 17: 73-77. Pod shattering is one of the major constraint associated with soybean production during dry season in Indonesia. The objectives of the study were to investigate varietal difference of pod shattering and to identify the morphological pod characters related to pod shattering. The field study was carried out in Blitar (East Java, Indonesia) during the dry season 2015. Morphological traits of pod were studied for their association with pod shattering trait in 30 soybean genotypes. The results showed significant differences between genotypes for all characters studied. The degree of shattering varied among genotypes with shattering percentage ranging from 2.5% (G511H/Argom//Argom-2-1) to 100% (Grobogan) with mean of 30%.However, among the 30 genotypes studied, 13 genotypes were relatively resistant, 11 genotypes moderate, 1 genotype susceptible, and 5 genotypes were very highly susceptible. Further path coefficient analysis indicated direct effects of the pod wall thickness and pod length on shattering percentage while other causal effects were small. These characters (pod wall thickness and pod length) may play role as determinant factors in pod shattering resistance. Therefore, soybean resistance to pod shattering could be enhanced by increasing thickness of the pod wall. Keywords: Glycine max, pod characteristics, pod shattering, resistance

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