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Nusantara Bioscience
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 20873948     EISSN : 20873956     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci
Core Subject : Education,
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Aims and Scope Nusantara Bioscience (Nusantara Biosci) encourages submission of manuscripts dealing with all aspects of biological sciences that emphasize issues germane to biological and nature conservation.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 14 Documents
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Search results for , issue "vol. 12 no. 1 (2020)" : 14 Documents clear
MDA levels in the pancreas, testes, liver, and plasma of diabetic rats: The effect of snakehead (Channa striata) extract NURLITA ABDULGANI; DEWI HIDAYATI; RESSY ADINOVITASARY; VARAH OLIVIATIE; AYU DIAH SEKARTAJI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 12 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n120109

Abstract

Abstract. Abdulgani N, Hidayati D, Adinovitasary R, Oliviatie V, Sekartaji AD. 2020. MDA levels in the pancreas, testes, liver, and plasma of diabetic rats: The effect of snakehead (Channa striata) extract. Nusantara Bioscience 12: 50-54. There are several biomarkers of oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus; one of those biomarkers is Malondialdehyde (MDA). Increasing oxidative stress will cause increased tissue damage. This study was conducted to determine the effect of snakehead extract (SHE) on MDA level of pancreas, testes, liver, and plasma of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. There were 5 groups of treatments: non-diabetic rats/negative control (C-), diabetic rats/positive control (C+), and 3 SHE level of administration: 1 mL/day (low dose/LD), 1.6 mL/day (middle dose/MD) and 2.1 mL/day (high dose/HD). Alloxan-induced diabetic rats were administered with SHE extract orally every day for two weeks. The results showed that MDA levels in the testes, liver, pancreas, and plasma of diabetic rats administered with SHE and non-diabetic rats/negative controls (C-) were significantly lower (p <0.05) compared to MDA levels in the testes, liver, pancreas, and plasma of diabetic rats without SHE administration (positive control/ C +). The highest dose of SHE treatment (2.1 mL/day) results in decreasing MDA levels were not significantly different (p> 0.05) with the group of non-diabetic rats / negative controls (C-). The conclusion of this study was increasing SHE administration up to 2.1 mL/day result in reducing more of MDA levels in plasma, pancreas, liver, and testes of diabetic rats.
Phenology and potential reproduction of turi (Sesbania grandiflora) at Cibinong, Bogor, Indonesia Dida Syamsuwida; Aam aminah
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 12 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n120103

Abstract

Abstract. Syamsuwida D, Aminah A. 2020. Phenology and potential reproduction of turi (Sesbania grandiflora) at Cibinong, Bogor, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 12: 13-20. Turi (Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers.) is one of a prospectus energy woody species to be developed in establishing renewable energy base forest plantation. The development of this species cannot be separated from the basic information of its reproductive biology. The study was aimed to evaluate flowering phenology and reproductive potency of S. grandiflora so that information could be elaborated to estimate the fruit production potential produced. The research method was carried out by direct observation of samples of flowering trees. Data were analyzed descriptively. The number of tree samples observed for flower and fruit development and reproductive success of 10 trees, from each tree were observed three flowering branches distinguished from the west and east branches. The results showed that S. grandiflora did not experience generative bud dormancy so that flower initiation was thought to occur throughout the year and could flower and bear fruit throughout the year. S. grandiflora at the observation location has a flowering-fruiting development cycle of about 3-4 months which begins with the emergence of generative bud at the time of the observation in April and developed into flower shoot in the same month. Blooming flower (anthesis) in May, develop into young fruit in June. Mature fruits can be harvested in June-July. The reproductive potency of S. grandiflora was low with a value of fruit set (fruit/flower ratio) at the eastern and western branches were 19% ± 0.07 and 17%±0.06 and seed set (seed/ovule ratio) of 87% ± 0.12 and 83% ± 0.16, respectively. Reproductive success was 18% ± 0.07 for the eastern branches and 17% ± 0.05 for the western branches. Most reproductive variables of S. grandiflora did not show a significant difference between the eastern and western branches (P>0.05), except for fruit number (P<0.05).
The application of palm-oil waste as organic materials on three pineapple accessions cultivated on post-tin mining land in Bangka Island, Indonesia Tri Lestari; RION APRIYADI; ERIES DYAH MUSTIKARINI; WAWAN SAPUTRA; YELIA MERLIN
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 12 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n120107

Abstract

Abstract. Lestari T, Apriyadi R, Mustikarini ED, Saputra W, Merlin Y. 2020. The application of palm-oil waste as organic materials on three pineapple accessions cultivated on post-tin mining land in Bangka Island, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 12: 40-45. Tin mining activities in Bangka Island have produced a vast extent of critical lands that contain clay and tailings. Bangka local pineapple accessions have a high potential to be cultivated in the post-tin mining area as they are able to adapt to drought. The aim of this research was to investigate the growth performance of three pineapple accessions planted on post-tin mining land in Bangka by utilizing solid waste of oil palm as organic materials. The study was conducted in Dwi Makmur village, Merawang Sub-district, Bangka District from November 2017 to June 2019. The experiment used Factorial Completely Randomized Design (FCRD) with two factors: the first was three pineapple accessions (i.e. Toboali Bikang, Peranak and Bogor) and the second was palm oil solid waste (i.e. palm oil empty bunch (POEB) and palm oil bare ash (POBA)). We measured the parameters of vegetative and generative and the values were compared using Fisher test followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test (? 0.05). We also conducted organoleptic tests and total dissolved solid tests to assess the quality of the fruit. We found that the application of POEB as organic materials affected the vegetative and generative parameters. We also found that the interaction of POEB with Peranak accession resulted in the best fruit productivity. Our results suggest that Peranak accession is potential to be cultivated in post-tin mining land in Bangka with the application of palm oil empty bunch as organic materials.
Characterization of metallothionein protein from hepatopancreas organ of Pilsbryoconcha exilis collected from Cikaniki River, Western Java, Indonesia SATA YOSHIDA SRIE RAHAYU; WAHYU PRIHATINI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 12 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n120101

Abstract

Abstract. Rahayu SYS, Prihatini W. 2020. Characterization of metallothionein protein from hepatopancreas organ of Pilsbryoconcha exilis collected from Cikaniki River, Western Java, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 12: 1-5. Freshwater environment, undergoing various changes due to the presence of dangerous toxic anthropogenic waste. It causes pressure on the freshwater biota that lives in it, such as Pilsbryoconcha exilis mussel at the bottom of freshwater. This pressure is controlled by the body through the synthesis of a set of stress proteins. Endogenous proteins, metallothionein (MT), in the body of freshwater biota absorb heavy metals in the body of biota, in the form of stress control. This research identified MT protein on P. exilis from contaminated waters such as the Cikaniki river with the average of mercury levels in water, sediment, and hepatopancreas of mussels using AAS method were 0.001 mg/L, 0.120 mg/L, and 1.318 mg/L respectively. Hepatopancreas of P. exilis was extracted using a Tissue Extraction Reagent I kit (Invitrogen), with procedures following the factory manual. The extract was purified by filtration using Sephadec 50; then, the filtration results were migrated together with the PageRuler TM Unstained Low Range Protein Ladder (Fermentas) in Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS PAGE) gel medium on Biorad Protein II electrophoresis. After completion of electrophoresis, the gel was stained using Page Blue Protein Staining Solution (Fermentas), following the factory manual procedure. Characterization at this research has succeeded in obtaining the MT-I isoform protein measuring 5, 10, and 25 kDa from the hepatopancreas organ of P. exilis.
Short Communication: Effects of black soy phytoestrogens (Glycine soja) on elevated levels of estradiol in rat blood (Rattus novergicus) ovariectomy Dwi Yuliawati; WURI WIDI ASTUTI; FITRI YUNIARTI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 12 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n120110

Abstract

Abstract. Yuliawati D, Astuti WW, Yuniarti F. 2020. Effects of Black Soy phytoestrogens (Glycine soja) on elevated levels of estradiol in Rat Blood (Rattus norvegicus) ovariectomy. Nusantara Bioscience 12: 55-58. Menopause is the transition from productive to non-productive times due to reduced estrogen and progesterone and has an impact on improving cardiovascular problems. The fulfillment of estrogen needs in menopause can use a type of phytoestrogens from black soybeans. The purpose of research is to prove the administration of black soy extract (Glycine soja) can increase the levels of estradiol in the rat blood (Rattus norvegicus) ovariectomy. Design research uses post-test only control group design. Twenty-five female rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 5 tails per group), negative controls, positive and 3 treatments. Ovariectomy was performed in a group of positive controls and treatment. Thirty-day post ovariectomy rats were given appropriate group treatment (negative control, positive, and treatment with the administration of black soy extract dose of 50, 100, 150 mg/200  g/day for 30 days). The estradiol test used the Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Anova's test results with a significant degree of ? = 0.05 established that the p-value of 0.000 was less than ? = 0.05, meaning there was a significant effect of giving black soy extract on increased levels of estradiol in the rat blood ovariectomy. Post - Hoc Tukey testing shows increased the highest estradiol levels in the dose treatment group 100 mg/200  g/day. This research proves that the administration of black soy extract (Glycine soja) can increase the levels of estradiol in the rat blood (Rattus norvegicus) ovariectomy.
Allelopathic activity of Dendrophthoe pentandra as a potential bioherbicide to inhibit seed germination and seedling growth of Eleusine indica Lutfan Alharits; Niarsi Merry Hemelda; Yasman; Windri Handayani
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 12 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n120106

Abstract

Abstract. Alharits L, Hemelda NM, Yasman, Handayani W. 2020. Allelopathic activity of Dendrophthoe pentandra as a potential bioherbicide to inhibit seed germination and seedling growth of Eleusine indica. Nusantara Bioscience 12: 33-39. Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq. is a common parasitic plant in Southeast Asia. As a parasitic plant, it exhibits phytochemicals important for infecting its host, which may be potential as bioherbicide. This study was aimed to evaluate allelopathic activity of D. pentandra (stem and leaf extracts) to control Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. seed germination and growth. Methanolic extracts of D. pentandra stem and leaf (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mg/mL in water) were treated on E. indica seeds in a petri dish for 10 days. After 10 days, germination of treated E. indica seeds was significantly reduced and reached >80% inhibition at 5 mg/mL. Moreover, E. indica roots were more sensitive compared to E. indica shoots, indicated by root inhibition >50% at 1 mg/mL and reached >90% inhibition at 5 mg/mL. Leaf extract presented stronger inhibition than stem extract, but not significant. It may be related to the higher accumulation of phenolic and flavonoid compounds in leaf extract than in stem extract. This is the first report of allelopathic activity in D. pentandra to inhibit E. indica germination and growth. Therefore, further study in a greenhouse, as well as metabolism effects of D. pentandra on the target weeds are important to provide comprehensive evaluation of D. pentandra potential as bioherbicide.
Growth and secondary metabolites content of chloroform extract of Chlorella sp. and Chlorella sorokiniana cultured on chicken broiler waste media Devy Susanty; Ade Ayu Oksari
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 12 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n120105

Abstract

Abstract. Susanty D, Oksari AA. 2020. Growth and secondary metabolites content of chloroform extract of Chlorella sp. and Chlorella sorokiniana cultured on chicken broiler waste media. Nusantara Bioscience 12: 28-32. Intensive chicken broiler farms create waste in the environment. Chicken Broiler Waste (CBW) was used as culture media for Chlorella sp. InaCC M39 and Chlorella sorokiniana InaCC M38 at various concentrations (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10%), and compared to AF6 media. The growth of Chlorella was observed every 48 hours for 10 days by counting the number of cells using a hemocytometer. The chloroform extract of Chlorella sp. and C. sorokiniana were analyzed for their phytochemical content to determine the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponin, steroids, and tannin. The results showed that 2% of CBW media was the best medium for the growth of Chlorella with nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) content was 0.01% N; 0.01% P; 0.06% K respectively. The highest specific growth rate of Chlorella sp. on 2% CBW medium was on the 8th day of culture (0.8133) with cell density of 1.6 x 106 cells/mL, while the highest specific growth rate of Chlorella sorokiniana was on the 6th day (0.8907) with cell density of 2.99 x 107 cells/mL. The chloroform extract of the biomass of Chlorella sorokiniana contained steroid and saponin
Short Communication: Seed germination, seedling survival and storage behavior of Koompassia excelsa (Leguminosae) Dian Latifah; Fitri Fatma Wardani; Rizmoon Nurul Zulkarnaen
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 12 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n120108

Abstract

Abstract. Latifah D, Wardani FF, Zulkarnaen RN. 2020. Seed germination, seedling survival and storage behavior of Koompassia excelsa (Leguminosae). Nusantara Bioscience 12: 46-49. Koompassia excelsa (Becc.) Taub. (Leguminosae) is an important component of many tropical rainforests as an emergent canopy tree. Knowledge and application of germination strategies and increasing seedling survival of this species in many conservation efforts are essential as it is endemic to several areas in Southeast Asia. This research investigated the effects of the different moisture levels of the sowing media on the germination and seedling survival percentage of K. excelsa. The seeds exhibited faster germination percentage and higher seedling survival when sown in media with 33.2%-moisture. The seeds appeared to have intermediate storage behavior. Thus, sowing seeds in 33.2%-moisture media may promote seedling survival, which is an important part of regeneration as well as conservation of K. excelsa.
The effect of dietary methionine levels on growth, feed conversion and protein retention efficiency of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings FOUZI A. MOHAMMED; Ramzy Yousif; FATIMA M. HILAL; RAHMA A. ADAM; TAMNY K. AHMED
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 12 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n120104

Abstract

Abstract. Mohammed FA, Yousif RA, Hilal FM, Adam RA, Ahmed TK. 2020. The effect of dietary methionine levels on growth, feed conversion and protein retention efficiency of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings. Nusantara Bioscience 12: 21-27. A 49 days feeding trial was conducted to evaluate growth, feed utilization and body composition of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (4.30±0.01 g), fed five isonitrogenous (32 g 100 g-1 crude protein) and isoenergetic (14.51 kJ g-1 Gross energy) practical diets and five levels of methionine supplementation (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 g 100 g-1). The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments and three replicates. Fish were stocked in triplicate groups of 20 fish held in 70 L flow-through tanks (water volume 55 L) and fed twice daily (08:00 am and 04:30 pm) to apparent satiation. When absolute weight gain (AWG; g fish-1), feed conversion ratio, protein deposition (g fish-1) and protein retention efficiency (%) data were subjected to second-degree polynomial regression analysis 95% of the plateau of the above parameters was achieved at dietary methionine concentrations between 1.4-1.5 g 100 g-1 dry diet or 0.09-0.10 g methionine kJ-1 GE. Corresponding to 4.4-4.7 g 100 g-1 of the dietary protein. Based on these results, dietary methionine requirement for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus is recommended 1.4-1.5 g 100 g-1 diet.
Species identification and genetic diversity of Aedes in Penang (Malaysia) based on Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I NUR ZAWANI MUSTAFA KAMAL; MUHAMMAD SIRI DANGNGA; IRMAYANI; Darlina Md. Naim
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 12 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n120102

Abstract

Abstract. Kamal MZM, Dangnga MS, Irmayani, Md. Naim D. 2020. Species identification and genetic diversity of Aedes in Penang (Malaysia) based on Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I. Nusantara Bioscience 12: 6-12. Cases of dengue fever are expanding globally and recently it was identified as being notable in remote/rural regions in South-East Asia in spite of the previous belief that it is outbreak to urban areas, especially in Malaysia. In an effort to constraint, the extent of the virus, the most important thing is to know the distribution of the vector that causes the disease. This research aims to recognize all species of mosquitoes distributed in Penang utilizing DNA barcode method in which the mtDNA cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) as a gene marker. Approximately 497 larvae of mosquitoes were obtained from four regions in Penang, Malaysia namely Central Seberang Perai, North Seberang Perai, North East, and South West of Penang. All samples were extracted and PCR amplified. Sequences were employed in BLAST of GenBank and aligned with MUSCLE. The ABGD analysis was performed to partition all the samples and substitution saturation analysis was employed in DAMBE. Phylogenetic relationships among nucleotides were reconstructed utilizing Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Neighbor-Joining (NJ) calculated following Kimura 2-parameter. Intra and interspecific genetic variation among population were also conducted based on Tamura-Nei parameter and all analyses were employed in MEGA version 6.0. As a result, COI gene has successfully recognized all larvae obtained in this study. We found a total of six species (including outgroup sequence) as revealed by BLASTn, ABGD and phylogenetic analysis. Genetic distance test has further supported the results. This study revealed that there is no visible population structure and all species have a uniform distribution throughout all sampling locations in Penang. We also found that Ae. albopictus has occupied most areas in Penang, and this includes urban locations, hence, suggest that Ae. albopictus probably succeed Ae. aegypti as the main vector for dengue virus in Penang.

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