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International Journal of Small and Medium Enterprises and Business Sustainability
Published by Universitas Trisakti
ISSN : 24429368     EISSN : 30642655     DOI : https://doi.org/10.25105/ijsmebs
Core Subject : Economy,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance
Welcome to the International Journal of Small and Medium Enterprises and Business Sustainability published by the Publishing Lembaga Penerbit Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis (LPFEB) Universitas Trisakti. As its primary objective, this double-blind review and online scientific journal is dedicated to publishing original and outstanding studies in English that increase knowledge and understanding of the development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), including entrepreneurship and family-owned businesses, and its factors or conditions that influence business sustainability, and, ultimately, shape this field of research. This journal focuses on theoretical, empirical, policy and practical issues in the field of SMEs, especially in developing countries. The articles published in this Journal are important for academics, policy makers, practitioners and analysts in governments and organizations, who seek to understand the processes and outcomes of SMEs, especially with regard to their growth, constraints and sustainability. Published articles may include theoretical articles, qualitative and quantitative empirical works, and/or case studies. Considering that the aim of the Journal is to push the boundaries of current thinking regarding SME development, case studies to be published in the Journal must have a theoretical perspective. Theoretical contributions can be linked to cases that challenge existing theories or shed better light on them. Articles to be published in the Journal focuses primarily on the following topics: Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) Entrepreneurship Family-owned businesses Government policy on SME and entrepreneurship The role of cooperatives and non-government organizations (NGOs) in supporting SMEs Epistemology, general theory development, and methods of research in entrepreneurship, SMEs, and family-owned businesses Impacts of macroeconomic policies, including subsidies policy, trade policy, and investment policy, on SMEs Impacts of market structure and market competition on SMEs Financing: microfinance, informal sources of finance, bank and other non-bank financial institutions Main factors which affect business sustainability Other issues related to SMEs in particular and business in general
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Ekonomi, Ekonometrika dan Keuangan (semua kategori) - Ilmu Ekomomi dan Ekonometrika
Articles 162 Documents
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Exploratory Study on Personal Finance in the Context of COVID-19 Deyanira Bernal-Domínguez; José G. Vargas-Hernández
International Journal of Small and Medium Enterprises and Business Sustainability Vol. 6 No. 3 (2021): November
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbit Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25105/ijsmebs.v6i3.20560

Abstract

The world is currently experiencing a dramatic crisis that has not yet reached bottom. Only in Mexico in the second quarter of 2020 there was a drop in the Gross Domestic Product of -18.9% compared to the same quarter of 2019. Derived from the economic effects of the pandemic Covid19 among other factors. In this context, the objective is to identify types of personal expenses in households located in Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico as of July 15, 2020, for which an exploratory study was carried out; 488 surveys with 48 items were applied electronically. The main results were that most of the respondents’ budget, spend according to their income, have had no problem paying their bank loans on time, would consider a fund for future contingencies, have not purchased health insurance, have not bought a computer or cell phone among other issues analyzed. The limitations were that the surveys were applied to the social network contacts of the person in charge of this study. The main findings are oriented to the fact that the studied population has not acquired additional medical insurance despite the pandemic. It is also concluded that the population under study has become aware of having savings for contingency funds and that digital life still shows resistance in making personal financial decisions.
Gender Equality as The Missing Link Towards the African Renaissance. Koliswa Matebese- Notshulwana; Teboho J. Lebakeng
International Journal of Small and Medium Enterprises and Business Sustainability Vol. 6 No. 3 (2021): November
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbit Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25105/ijsmebs.v6i3.20561

Abstract

This advocacy paper seeks to problematise the marginalisation, if not total exclusion, of women in one of the major African projects aimed at revitalising and re-awakening the African continent, namely the African renaissance. This marginalisation is not by default but is a result of historical, cultural and social factors that fostered gender inequalities characteristic of African socieities today. Despite the African renaissance being touted as a way to address poverty, instability and social inequalities the contnent is still in a debilitating cycle of crises. Taking cognisant of the above unpalatable situation, the paper reaffirms the enduring and critical contributions of women historically and in the present in various spheres. Thus, it argues that there is an urgent need to engender the African renaissance and to strategically reposition women to be indispensable role players in what is fundamentally their future. This call is premised on the fact that women constitute a critical mass as a majority on the continent hence the need to mainstream them in policy formulation, decision making and implementation so that they also determine the future of the continent. This advocacy paper is methodologically based on existential reality of women on the continent and interactions with women across the board personally and in terms of encounters with their writings. The paper concludes that unless this critical resource is considered, and not overlooked, and Africans inaugurate an epistemic break in the way the re-awakening of the continent is conceptualised, the African renaissance will remain illusive and a pipe dream or mirage.
Evaluating South Asia’s Pandemic Preparedness Chathuni Pabasara; Ravindri Paranagama
International Journal of Small and Medium Enterprises and Business Sustainability Vol. 6 No. 3 (2021): November
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbit Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25105/ijsmebs.v6i3.20574

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the need for pandemics to be recognized as serious and imminent threats to national and economic security and henceforth, the need to elevate pandemic preparedness as a critical component of public health infrastructure. Despite the lack of robust pandemic preparedness plans, South Asian countries were able to implement proactive lockdown measures to contain the spread of the virus during the early stages of COVID-19. However, public health systems in the region were soon overwhelmed by the drawn-out pandemic and surges in the number of cases, due to inadequate national public health emergency plans, limited public health infrastructure and human resources. The lack of sufficient resource allocation into preparedness plans and surveillance, exacerbated by the region’s socio-economic vulnerabilities, leaves South Asia exposed to future pandemics. While the success of strategies has been uneven across the Southeast Asian region; pandemic preparedness strategies shaped by lessons learned in managing disease outbreaks in the past, have facilitated the sharing of information, expertise and technical support through regional mechanisms. Such tools have been identified as critical to developing policy responses during infectious disease outbreaks. As zoonotic diseases are impossible to eliminate due to their animal origins, pandemics are an inevitable threat. Therefore, South Asia can address the gaps and weaknesses in their existing national preparedness plans and apply Southeast Asia’s best practices to improve their national and regional detection and response systems; reforming and elevating South Asia’s pandemic preparedness.
Determination of Parameters of Moving Up and Down of the Price of a Share in the Binomial Option Pricing Model Using the Ito Lemma. A Short Research Memo Burenin Aleksey
International Journal of Small and Medium Enterprises and Business Sustainability Vol. 6 No. 3 (2021): November
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbit Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25105/ijsmebs.v6i3.20575

Abstract

The article discusses the approach to determining the parameters of the binomial model for estimating the premium of the American stock option, which is presented in the article "Option Pricing: A Simplified Approach" by Cox et al. (1979), and an alternative solution to the problem using Ito's lemma. They determined the parameters of the model based on the return on the underlying stock in the real world, and not on the risk-free rate, as required by theory. However, when passing to the limiting case, their solution to the problem turns out to be correct. The use of Ito's lemma made it possible to obtain a solution similar to the solution of Cox et al. (1979) and to answer the question why, when passing to the limiting case, the technically incorrect solution of Cox et al. turned out to be correct. From the solution of the stochastic differential equation, it can be seen that, at infinitely small time intervals, the variance is the determining parameter of the dynamics of the share price, and the trend becomes virtually indistinguishable. Accordingly, the fact that when finding the model parameters they used the actual stock return as a trend, and not the risk-free rate, did not affect the model parameters in the limiting case.
COVID-19 and Its Reflections on SMES in Developing Countries Experience of Sri Lanka H.M.S.L. Wijeyewardena; WJKVMR Jayawardhane
International Journal of Small and Medium Enterprises and Business Sustainability Vol. 6 No. 3 (2021): November
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbit Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25105/ijsmebs.v6i3.20576

Abstract

In response to the COVID 19 outbreak, many countries have declared restrictive measures in order to protect their community. Due to imposition of these measures, dramatic losses have occurred in human lives as well as to the economies of countries. The economic disruption caused by the pandemic severely impacted on Micro Small & Medium enterprises (MSMEs)in the affected countries including Sri Lanka. Hence many Sri Lankan entrepreneurs were unable to provide for themselves and their families as a result of partial closures of their daily business operations under travel restrictions being imposed. Soon after the outbreak of the COVID 19 pandemic, the Sri Lankan government began extending financial & other forms of non-financial assistance to MSMEs and their workers as these enterprises are became more vulnerable to negative shocks and to their supply chain, particularly labor supply, and marketing for their goods and services. In order to make necessary interventions on behalf of MSMEs, The National Enterprise Development Authority (NEDA) Sri Lanka together with the Ministry of Industries have conducted a survey to identify how this pandemic impacted on Sri Lankan MSMEs. In this regard an awareness campaign was conducted through newspaper advertisements and the Enterprise Development Officers of NEDA who are located around the country. Responses were obtained through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using the SPSS software. Findings of the survey revealed that majority of the MSMEs have collapsed financially, and they face different challenges in increasing the number of daily customers due to the prevailing situation in the country. Further this study depicts the short term, medium term and the long-term interventions to be taken by the government in order to uplift the affected entrepreneurs from the ceasing their business. Also, the pandemic opened up opportunities to mobilize and widen existing local production due to the depletion of foreign reserves. Therefore, aggressive motivation of research and development organization and universities to begin undertaking research that can bring about commercialized out puts using out of the box approaches by relaxing old and archive laws restricting valuable human assets only to teaching and undertaking primary research by restricting them to venture in to commercial activities.
SMEs and Innovation: Lessons from Cooperative Relationships between SMEs and Large Firms in Ireland, Japan and Other Asian Countries Tomoko Oikawa
International Journal of Small and Medium Enterprises and Business Sustainability Vol. 6 No. 3 (2021): November
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbit Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25105/ijsmebs.v6i3.20577

Abstract

This paper discusses: (1) there exist a variety of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in terms of nature, (2) SMEs are classified depending on activity in relation to innovation, (3) kanagatamaking enterprise in Japan is taken as an example of relationships with large enterprise, in comparison with tool making enterprises in Ireland, in terms of cooperation and innovation, (4) the community based performance of SMEs is shown in Japan, Thailand, and Indonesia in terms of solidarity, cooperation, and innovation. It would be claimed that innovation in SMEs could be distinctive from the case of large enterprises (LEs), and it is basic for SMEs to cooperate each other to be innovative. The paper argues: (1) there is a difference between Ireland and Asian countries in terms of cooperation among SMEs; the case studies show there exist few cooperation between SMEs or with principle firms in Ireland, (2) community-based innovative activity is picking up in the case of Japan and, apart from scale and scope, Thailand and Indonesia have witnessed the rise of community-based economic performance with innovation. While the nature of innovation between Japan and other South Asian countries is distinctive in terms of a variety of degree, and SMEs is overwhelmingly micro-sized in Thailand and Indonesia, it may be considered that there is a common feature in these countries. (3) It could be that their cultural core values are essentially community derived, but they are also the outcome of a bottoms-up approach to community actualities to the top-down state policy, which is based on the recognition of community power. This can be observed in Japan, Thailand and Indonesia. The paper claims the importance of cooperation for innovation both internally and externally. Cooperative activities are based on the cultural values of social structure, which can be observed in Japan as keiretsu relationships, ‘community culture (watthanatham chumchon)’ in Thailand, and ‘mutual spontaneous assistance (gotong royong)’ in Indonesia. However, the case studies of Irish toolmaking industry have possibly shown that principles such as keiretsu values can be learnt, even if partly so. Key words: SMEs, innovation, cooperative relationships, Ireland, Japan and other Asian countries
Profitability and Efficiency of Poultry Business in Ogun State, Nigeria Adewunmi Idowu; Deborah Olude; Mojisola Kehinde; Maria Ogunnaike; Christopher Ologbon; Olumayowa Oyebanjo
International Journal of Small and Medium Enterprises and Business Sustainability Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024): November
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbit Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25105/ijsmebs.v9i3.21218

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of poultry farm efficiency on its profitability level in ogun state, Nigeria. The study drew a sample of 300 poultry farms through a multistage sampling technique from four agricultural zones in Ogun State and data were analysed using parametric frontier approach, budgetary analysis, profitability indices and Tobit model.Results indicates that mean age, years of formal education and poultry farm experience were 47.3 years, 17 years, and 7.9 years respectively. The mean efficiency estimates for technical, allocative, and economic efficiency were 0.95, 0.12 and 0.11 respectively while age and poultry farms experience significantly reduced cost inefficiency. The average gross margin and net income were found to be 76,470.92 (USD 250.07) and 76,176.65 (USD 249.11) while average farm profitability index (0.29), rate of return on investment (43.22), rate of return on variable cost (143.78) and operating (0.71) indicated that poultry business is profitable in Ogun State.Increase in technical efficiency significantly increase the tendency of poultry farms making more profit.Implications were drawn for increased production scale and cooperate establishment of feed mill by poultry farmers
Sustainability: The Myth, The Fad and The Reality Adebayo Adepoju
International Journal of Small and Medium Enterprises and Business Sustainability Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024): November
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbit Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25105/ijsmebs.v9i3.21275

Abstract

Sustainability-related challenges like climate change indices affect everything directly or indirectly whenever they strike. Given pervasive nature of sustainability challenges, nothing on the surface of the Earth is immune to them. Paradoxically, organizations, as major contributors to sustainability matters through their business operations, also remain potential victims. Therefore, embracing practices that depart from unsustainable business practices is crucial to prioritise sustainability in an organization. While some organizations are making sincere headway in this regard, others seem confused in their approaches and fail to prioritise comprehensive management orientations. Against this backdrop, the present study employs a systematic approach to literature review in view to put sustainability practices in proper perspectives and neutralize misconception concerning it toward making fair trade-offs among various goal components towards facilitating an equitable reconciliation between the two prominent stakes in business: shareholders and stakeholders. The study concludes that moving sincerely toward true sustainability practices, rather than deception, leads an organisation to become sustainability compliant. Although, the study contributes valuable insights to the literature within the domain of business and management, the researcher acknowledges several limitations, including inability to use the primary data, a mixed-method approach to data collection and statistical tool for analysis.
An application of Toda-Yamamoto approach on accessing casual relationship among exchange rate, trade openness and corruption in Nigeria. Ayuba Olanrewaju Yisau, A.O.
International Journal of Small and Medium Enterprises and Business Sustainability Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): march
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbit Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25105/ijsmebs.v10i1.21342

Abstract

Abstract. This study accesses the causal relationship between trade openness, corruption and exchange rate in Nigeria between. Time series data was used from first quarter of 1996 to fourth quarter of 2021 on exchange rate, trade openness and corruption. Data was extracted from World Development Indicator (WDI) of World Bank database and International Transparency database. Trade openness was constructed using Composite Trade Intensity (CTI) measurement. Toda-Yamamoto approach was estimated to examine the causality among the trade openness, corruption and exchange rate. It was exhibited uni-directional causality between exchange rate and trade openness; exchange rate and corruption, unlike trade openness and corruption which revealed bi-directional causality. Thus, the result exhibited that exchange rate granger cause trade openness. It implies that an increase in exchange rate will causes the variation on trade openness in Nigeria. More so, the result revealed that exchange rate granger causes corruption. This also implies that exchange rate fluctuation leads to variation on corruption. In addition, it was found that there is bi-directional causal relationship between trade openness and corruption. This implies that trade openness granger causes corruption and corruption also granger cause trade openness. That is, an increases in trade openness in Nigeria causes any variation on corruption on Nigerian economy and vice-versa. Base result, the study recommended that the government should makes a policy for the improvement of trade openness that will enhance naira appreciation. More efforts should be made in checking and controlling corruption whenever there is improvement on trade openness in Nigeria.   Key Words: Causality, Corruption, Exchange Rate, Toda-Yamamoto. JEL Code: C1, E5, F4.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Carbon Emissions on 10 G-20 Countries Gilberth Bully; Lavlimatria Esya
International Journal of Small and Medium Enterprises and Business Sustainability Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024): November
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbit Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25105/ijsmebs.v9i3.21533

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the factors that influence Carbon Emissions in 10 countries that aremembers of the G20. The dependent variable used is Carbon Emissions (CO2), while theindependent variables are: Carbon Pricing, Fossil Fuel Subsidies, Manufacturing Exports andResearch and Development Expenditure. This research uses annual data obtained from the WorldBank, Our World in Data, and Fossil Fuels Tracker for the 2010-2021 period. The analyticalmethod used in this research is panel data regression. The model chosen in the panel dataregression is the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) with the results showing that the variables CarbonPricing, Fossil Fuel Subsidies, Manufacturing Exports and R&D Expenditure have a significantinfluence on Carbon Emissions (CO2).

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