Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

QRIS adoption and its implications for MSME business performance: A case study of Taman Bojana Kudus Muhammad Fatichul Falach; Musa Yahuza Danhausa
Novera: Journal of Economics and Business Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): Novera: Journal of Economics and Business
Publisher : PT Bina Perfidia Akademia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.67964/qcxw5a32

The adoption of the Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS) among MSMEs has continued to increase; however, most studies have focused on adoption rates or income effects, leaving limited understanding of how QRIS creates business value through improved business performance. This study aims to analyze the QRIS adoption process and its implications for MSME business performance at Taman Bojana Kudus. A qualitative case study approach was employed through interviews, observations, and documentation involving three MSME owners and two consumers selected using purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña interactive model. The findings reveal that QRIS adoption is driven by perceived benefits, changing consumer preferences, and operational efficiency needs. QRIS improves transaction efficiency, service quality, consumer convenience, and business competitiveness, thereby contributing to gradual improvements in business performance. This study contributes to the digital payment literature by explaining the mechanism of business value creation through QRIS implementation among MSMEs. Abstrak Adopsi Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS) pada UMKM terus meningkat, tetapi sebagian besar penelitian masih berfokus pada tingkat adopsi atau pengaruhnya terhadap pendapatan, sehingga mekanisme QRIS dalam menciptakan nilai bisnis melalui peningkatan kinerja usaha masih relatif terbatas dikaji. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis proses adopsi QRIS serta implikasinya terhadap kinerja usaha UMKM di Taman Bojana Kudus. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi terhadap tiga pelaku UMKM dan dua konsumen yang dipilih menggunakan purposive sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles, Huberman, dan Saldaña. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adopsi QRIS didorong oleh persepsi manfaat, perubahan preferensi konsumen, dan kebutuhan akan efisiensi operasional. Penggunaan QRIS meningkatkan efisiensi transaksi, kualitas pelayanan, kenyamanan konsumen, dan daya saing usaha, sehingga secara bertahap berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan kinerja usaha. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada kajian pembayaran digital dengan menjelaskan mekanisme penciptaan business value melalui implementasi QRIS pada UMKM.

The effect of fear of missing out and sales promotion on virtual goods impulse buying: The mediating role of positive emotion among Roblox users Helga Tabina Putri Alifah; Bukar Isa Gamawa
Novera: Journal of Economics and Business Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): Novera: Journal of Economics and Business
Publisher : PT Bina Perfidia Akademia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.67964/q7m5fw20

The rapid growth of virtual goods transactions on digital gaming platforms has increased impulsive buying behavior, yet the mediating role of positive emotion in the relationship between Fear of Missing Out (FOMO), sales promotion, and impulsive buying remains underexplored. This study aims to examine the direct effects of FOMO and sales promotion on Robux impulsive buying among Roblox users and to investigate the mediating role of positive emotion. A quantitative approach was employed using data from 251 Roblox users who had purchased Robux, which were analyzed through path analysis and the Sobel Test. The findings reveal that FOMO, sales promotion, and positive emotion have positive and significant effects on impulsive buying, while positive emotion significantly mediates the effects of FOMO and sales promotion on impulsive buying. This study contributes to the digital consumer behavior literature by demonstrating that positive emotion serves as the psychological mechanism linking social and marketing stimuli to impulsive buying in virtual goods consumption. Abstrak Perkembangan transaksi virtual goods pada platform permainan digital meningkatkan kecenderungan impulsive buying, namun mekanisme yang menjelaskan peran positive emotion dalam memediasi pengaruh Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) dan sales promotion masih belum banyak dikaji. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh langsung FOMO dan sales promotion terhadap impulsive buying Robux pada pengguna Roblox serta menguji peran mediasi positive emotion. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan melibatkan 251 pengguna Roblox yang pernah membeli Robux, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan path analysis dan Sobel Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa FOMO, sales promotion, dan positive emotion berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap impulsive buying, sedangkan positive emotion terbukti memediasi pengaruh FOMO dan sales promotion terhadap impulsive buying. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan kajian perilaku konsumen digital dengan menegaskan positive emotion sebagai mekanisme psikologis yang menghubungkan stimulus sosial dan pemasaran dalam pembentukan perilaku pembelian impulsif pada virtual goods.

Constructing Islamic economic principles to control consumptive lifestyles in the digital era Umi Nurhayati; Nida Qahtan Fattah
Novera: Journal of Economics and Business Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): Novera: Journal of Economics and Business
Publisher : PT Bina Perfidia Akademia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.67964/ng14rj88

Consumptive lifestyles are increasingly shaped by digital consumption, self-reward, trends, and status-oriented purchases, while previous studies tend to separate discussions of consumerism from Islamic consumption principles. This study aims to construct Islamic economic principles as boundaries and orientations for controlling consumptive lifestyles. A qualitative library research approach was employed by synthesizing literature on contemporary consumer behavior and Islamic economics, supported by an illustrative calculation of the Average Propensity to Consume (APC). The findings show that consumerism is determined not merely by the type or amount of expenditure, but by consumption motives, proportionality, benefit, wastefulness, and financial consequences. Five principles—maslahah, wasatiyyah, isrāf, tabdhīr, and ḥifẓ al-māl—are constructed to distinguish rational, moderate, consumptive, and excessive consumption. The study contributes a conceptual construction that integrates economic indicators with Islamic normative principles. Abstrak Gaya hidup konsumtif semakin berkembang melalui konsumsi digital, self-reward, tren, dan pembelian berbasis status, sementara kajian terdahulu cenderung memisahkan pembahasan perilaku konsumtif dari prinsip konsumsi Islam. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengonstruksikan prinsip ekonomi Islam sebagai batas dan orientasi untuk mengendalikan gaya hidup konsumtif. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kepustakaan melalui sintesis literatur mengenai perilaku konsumsi modern dan ekonomi Islam, yang didukung oleh perhitungan ilustratif Average Propensity to Consume (APC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsumtivisme tidak ditentukan semata-mata oleh jenis barang atau besarnya pengeluaran, tetapi oleh motif konsumsi, proporsi, kemanfaatan, pemborosan, dan konsekuensi finansial. Lima prinsip, yaitu maslahah, wasatiyyah, isrāf, tabdhīr, dan ḥifẓ al-māl, dikonstruksikan untuk membedakan konsumsi yang rasional, moderat, konsumtif, dan berlebihan. Kontribusi penelitian terletak pada konstruksi konseptual yang mengintegrasikan indikator ekonomi dengan prinsip normatif Islam.

Pleasure as a mediator of economic benefit and online impulse buying among Generation Z TikTok Live users in Semarang Labib Ikhsan Putrantino; Fatimah Bala Haladu
Novera: Journal of Economics and Business Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): Novera: Journal of Economics and Business
Publisher : PT Bina Perfidia Akademia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.67964/pv7nmm75

Live commerce increasingly encourages impulse buying, yet the effect of economic benefit on online impulse buying remains inconsistent, while the emotional mechanism of pleasure requires further clarification. This study aims to examine the effect of economic benefit on online impulse buying and the mediating role of pleasure among Generation Z users of TikTok Live Streaming in Semarang. Using a quantitative explanatory approach, data were collected from 130 respondents selected through purposive sampling and analyzed using PLS-SEM with SmartPLS 4. The results show that economic benefit has no significant direct effect on online impulse buying (β = 0.186; p = 0.072), but significantly affects pleasure (β = 0.562; p < 0.001), which subsequently influences online impulse buying (β = 0.400; p < 0.001). The indirect effect is also significant (β = 0.225; p < 0.001). These findings demonstrate that pleasure functions as an emotional mechanism through which economic benefit is translated into online impulse buying. Abstrak Perdagangan berbasis siaran langsung semakin mendorong pembelian impulsif, tetapi pengaruh economic benefit terhadap online impulse buying belum konsisten dan mekanisme emosional pleasure masih perlu diperjelas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh economic benefit terhadap online impulse buying serta menguji peran pleasure sebagai mediator pada Generasi Z pengguna TikTok Live Streaming di Semarang. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif eksplanatori dengan 130 responden yang dipilih secara purposive sampling dan dianalisis menggunakan PLS-SEM melalui SmartPLS 4. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa economic benefit tidak berpengaruh langsung terhadap online impulse buying (β = 0,186; p = 0,072), tetapi berpengaruh positif terhadap pleasure (β = 0,562; p < 0,001), yang selanjutnya berpengaruh terhadap online impulse buying (β = 0,400; p < 0,001). Efek mediasi juga signifikan (β = 0,225; p < 0,001). Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa pleasure berfungsi sebagai mekanisme emosional yang menerjemahkan manfaat ekonomi menjadi pembelian impulsif.

Constructing the value, ownership, and consumption of virtual goods from an Islamic economic perspective Muhammad Fajar Noor Khamdani; Muhammad Royhan
Novera: Journal of Economics and Business Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): Novera: Journal of Economics and Business
Publisher : PT Bina Perfidia Akademia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.67964/m0vb9x10

The emergence of virtual goods has created a new form of consumption involving real economic expenditure on intangible digital objects, while studies specifically constructing virtual goods consumption from an Islamic economic perspective remain limited. This study aims to construct a concept of virtual goods consumption based on Islamic economic principles. A qualitative conceptual approach was employed through thematic analysis of literature on virtual goods, virtual economy, and Islamic consumption. The findings demonstrate that virtual goods consumption should be evaluated through needs, maṣlaḥah, rationality, financial capacity, proportionality, and the limits of isrāf and tabdhīr, rather than solely through economic value or consumer satisfaction. The study proposes responsible virtual consumption as a conceptual framework integrating digital benefits, financial capacity, and wasatiyyah. This framework extends Islamic economic discourse into digital consumption and provides a conceptual basis for assessing the appropriateness of expenditure on virtual objects. Abstrak Perkembangan virtual goods telah menciptakan bentuk konsumsi baru yang melibatkan pengeluaran ekonomi nyata untuk memperoleh objek nonfisik, sementara kajian yang secara khusus mengonstruksi konsumsi virtual goods dalam perspektif ekonomi Islam masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengonstruksi konsep konsumsi virtual goods berdasarkan prinsip ekonomi Islam. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi konseptual melalui analisis tematik terhadap literatur mengenai virtual goods, virtual economy, dan konsumsi Islam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi virtual goods perlu dinilai melalui kebutuhan, maṣlaḥah, rasionalitas, kemampuan ekonomi, proporsionalitas, serta batas isrāf dan tabdhīr, bukan semata-mata berdasarkan nilai ekonomi atau kepuasan pengguna. Penelitian ini menghasilkan konsep responsible virtual consumption sebagai konstruksi konsumsi virtual yang mengintegrasikan manfaat digital, kemampuan ekonomi, dan prinsip wasatiyyah. Konsep tersebut memperluas kajian ekonomi Islam ke ranah konsumsi digital dan memberikan dasar konseptual untuk menilai kewajaran pengeluaran atas objek virtual.

From love for nature to sustainable value creation: A Gioia-based study of ecopreneurial transformation in SMEs Indra Lukmana Putra; Sudarmiatin Sudarmiatin; Agus Hermawan; Wening Patmi Rahayu
Novera: Journal of Economics and Business Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): Novera: Journal of Economics and Business
Publisher : PT Bina Perfidia Akademia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.67964/s0k22758

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) face increasing pressure to create economic value without intensifying environmental problems, yet the process through which ecological concern becomes entrepreneurial action remains insufficiently understood. This study aims to examine how love for nature develops into an ecopreneurial orientation, translates into green business innovation, and generates sustainable value. An exploratory qualitative approach was employed with 27 informants involved in seven groups of green businesses in East Java, Indonesia, using the Gioia methodology for data analysis. The findings indicate that ecopreneurship develops through ecological orientation, entrepreneurial translation, and value creation and change. This process transforms Love for Nature into Ecological Values, Ecopreneurial Motivation, Green Business Innovation, Community Value Creation, and Sustainable Change. The study contributes an Ecopreneurship Transformation Model that positions ecological concern as the foundation for creating economic, social, and environmental value through entrepreneurial action. Abstrak Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) menghadapi tuntutan untuk menghasilkan nilai ekonomi tanpa memperbesar tekanan terhadap lingkungan, tetapi proses yang mengubah kepedulian ekologis menjadi tindakan kewirausahaan masih kurang dipahami. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis bagaimana kecintaan terhadap alam berkembang menjadi orientasi ecopreneurship, diterjemahkan ke dalam inovasi bisnis hijau, dan menghasilkan nilai berkelanjutan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif eksploratif terhadap 27 informan yang terlibat dalam tujuh kelompok usaha hijau di Jawa Timur, dengan analisis data menggunakan Gioia methodology. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ecopreneurship berlangsung melalui rangkaian orientasi ekologis, penerjemahan kewirausahaan, serta penciptaan nilai dan perubahan. Proses tersebut membentuk transformasi dari Love for Nature menuju Ecological Values, Ecopreneurial Motivation, Green Business Innovation, Community Value Creation, dan Sustainable Change. Penelitian ini menghasilkan Ecopreneurship Transformation Model yang menempatkan kepedulian ekologis sebagai fondasi penciptaan nilai ekonomi, sosial, dan lingkungan secara berkelanjutan.

From perception to purchase decision: A multidimensional exploration of consumer responses to matcha-based products in Surabaya Ardila Aprillia
Novera: Journal of Economics and Business Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): Novera: Journal of Economics and Business
Publisher : PT Bina Perfidia Akademia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.67964/qr4mjq27

The growing availability of matcha-based products in Surabaya has created diverse consumption choices accompanied by varying consumer perceptions of product characteristics and value. This study aims to analyze consumer perceptions of matcha-based products and explain how these perceptions shape purchase decisions. A qualitative phenomenological approach was employed with six purposively selected informants through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, followed by content analysis. The findings show that consumer perceptions are shaped by product knowledge, taste and aroma experiences, perceived health benefits, price and quality, and social and visual appeal. Positive perceptions encourage routine purchases when the perceived benefits, quality, and consumption experience are considered satisfactory, whereas negative perceptions of taste, aroma, or price may lead to situational purchases, rejection, or no repurchase. This study contributes to a clearer understanding of the relationship between consumer experiences, product evaluations, and purchase decisions for matcha-based products in a local context. Abstrak Perkembangan produk olahan matcha di Kota Surabaya menunjukkan meningkatnya pilihan konsumsi yang diikuti oleh beragam persepsi konsumen terhadap karakteristik dan nilai produk. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis persepsi konsumen terhadap produk olahan matcha serta menjelaskan bagaimana persepsi tersebut membentuk keputusan pembelian. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif fenomenologis dengan enam informan yang dipilih secara purposif, melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis isi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi konsumen terbentuk melalui pengetahuan produk, pengalaman rasa dan aroma, manfaat kesehatan, harga dan kualitas, serta daya tarik sosial dan visual. Persepsi positif mendorong pembelian rutin ketika manfaat, kualitas, dan pengalaman konsumsi dianggap sesuai, sedangkan persepsi negatif terhadap rasa, aroma, atau harga dapat memicu pembelian situasional, penolakan, dan tidak melakukan pembelian ulang. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam memperjelas keterkaitan antara pengalaman konsumen, penilaian produk, dan keputusan pembelian matcha dalam konteks lokal.

Managing emergency service quality and user satisfaction: A qualitative study of the Surabaya Fire and Rescue Department Fitri Nur Rifani
Novera: Journal of Economics and Business Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): Novera: Journal of Economics and Business
Publisher : PT Bina Perfidia Akademia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.67964/2cyz4z89

Fire and rescue services require responsive service quality to meet public needs in rapidly changing and uncertain emergency situations. This study aims to analyze service quality and user satisfaction at the Surabaya Fire and Rescue Department. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed using purposive sampling involving five informants with direct experience using the services. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation and analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that users perceived the services positively, particularly in terms of response speed, staff competence and composure, the variety of rescue services, and communication that provided a sense of safety. However, distance, traffic congestion, road conditions, limited fleet availability, and supporting facilities continued to affect service delivery. This study contributes by positioning service quality and user satisfaction as important foundations for more integrated and consistent emergency service management. Abstrak Pelayanan pemadam kebakaran sebagai layanan darurat membutuhkan kualitas respons yang mampu memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat dalam situasi yang cepat dan tidak pasti. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kualitas layanan dan kepuasan pengguna pada Dinas Pemadam Kebakaran dan Penyelamatan Kota Surabaya. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan purposive sampling terhadap lima informan yang memiliki pengalaman langsung menggunakan layanan. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pengguna menilai pelayanan secara positif, terutama pada kecepatan respons, kompetensi dan ketenangan petugas, keragaman layanan penyelamatan, serta komunikasi yang memberikan rasa aman. Namun, jarak, kepadatan lalu lintas, kondisi jalan, keterbatasan armada, dan fasilitas masih memengaruhi proses pelayanan. Penelitian berkontribusi dengan menempatkan kualitas layanan dan kepuasan pengguna sebagai dasar pengelolaan layanan darurat yang lebih terpadu dan konsisten.

From tourism experience to consumption activities: Exploring visitor behavior on Jalan Tunjungan, Surabaya Arika Salsabila
Novera: Journal of Economics and Business Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): Novera: Journal of Economics and Business
Publisher : PT Bina Perfidia Akademia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.67964/vbnx3x03

The transformation of Jalan Tunjungan Surabaya into an urban tourism destination has changed how visitors experience and use public space. This study aims to analyze how tourism experiences shape visitor behavior and consumption activities at Jalan Tunjungan. A phenomenological approach was employed through observation, in-depth interviews with five purposively selected informants, and documentation. The findings show that visitor experiences are expressed through recreational, social, visual, and consumption activities, including leisurely strolling, socializing, enjoying culinary offerings, taking photographs, and creating social media content. These experiences are shaped by visit motivations, heritage characteristics, pedestrian facilities, environmental conditions, and the social atmosphere of the area. The findings indicate that consumption activities do not function merely as economic activities but constitute an integral part of tourism experiences within public space. This study contributes to understanding visitor behavior by connecting tourism experiences, spatial use, and consumption activities in an urban heritage destination. Abstrak Transformasi Jalan Tunjungan Surabaya menjadi destinasi wisata perkotaan telah mengubah cara pengunjung mengalami dan memanfaatkan ruang publik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis bagaimana pengalaman wisata membentuk perilaku pengunjung dan aktivitas konsumsi di Jalan Tunjungan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi dengan observasi, wawancara mendalam terhadap lima informan yang dipilih secara purposif, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengalaman pengunjung terbentuk melalui aktivitas rekreatif, sosial, visual, dan konsumsi, seperti berjalan santai, berkumpul, menikmati kuliner, berfoto, dan membuat konten media sosial. Pengalaman tersebut dipengaruhi oleh motivasi kunjungan, karakteristik heritage, kualitas fasilitas pedestrian, kondisi lingkungan, dan suasana sosial kawasan. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas konsumsi tidak berdiri sendiri sebagai kegiatan ekonomi, tetapi menjadi bagian dari pengalaman wisata yang berlangsung di ruang publik. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pemahaman perilaku pengunjung dengan menghubungkan pengalaman wisata, penggunaan ruang, dan aktivitas konsumsi dalam konteks destinasi heritage perkotaan.

Understanding the digital ecosystem of MSMEs: An evaluative-descriptive content analysis of readiness, integration, and sustainable transformation Siti Aminah; Khairil Umuri; Khoirul Amri; Hendra Halim
Novera: Journal of Economics and Business Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): Novera: Journal of Economics and Business
Publisher : PT Bina Perfidia Akademia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.67964/dypgz397

Digital transformation in micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) is no longer limited to technology adoption but encompasses organizational readiness, technology integration, business model transformation, and sustainability within digital ecosystems. This study aims to evaluate and synthesize the literature on the development of MSME digital ecosystems, their components and actors, and MSME readiness and strategies for digital transformation. The study employs an evaluative-descriptive design using directed qualitative content analysis of relevant literature. The findings indicate that MSME digital transformation progresses from technology access and adoption toward digital maturity, process integration, capability development, business model innovation, and sustainable transformation, shaped by organizational conditions, ecosystem support, adaptive capabilities, and continuous learning. This study contributes by integrating these dimensions into a more comprehensive understanding of how MSMEs develop and sustain digital transformation within interconnected business environments. Abstrak Transformasi digital UMKM tidak lagi terbatas pada adopsi teknologi, tetapi mencakup kesiapan organisasi, integrasi teknologi, perubahan model bisnis, dan keberlanjutan dalam ekosistem digital. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi dan mensintesiskan literatur mengenai perkembangan ekosistem digital UMKM, komponen dan aktornya, serta kesiapan dan strategi UMKM dalam menghadapi transformasi digital. Penelitian menggunakan desain evaluatif-deskriptif dengan pendekatan directed qualitative content analysis terhadap literatur yang relevan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa transformasi digital UMKM berkembang dari akses dan adopsi teknologi menuju digital maturity, integrasi proses, penguatan kapabilitas, inovasi model bisnis, dan sustainable transformation; proses tersebut dipengaruhi oleh kondisi organisasi, dukungan ekosistem, kemampuan adaptasi, dan pembelajaran berkelanjutan. Penelitian berkontribusi dengan mengintegrasikan berbagai dimensi tersebut dalam pemahaman yang lebih utuh mengenai transformasi digital UMKM.

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name
Umi Nurhayati

Contact Email
binaperfidiaakademia@gmail.com

Phone
+6282193108166

Journal Mail Official
editor@perfidiajournal.com

Editorial Address
Kudus, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

Location
Kab. kudus,

Jawa tengah

INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Umi Nurhayati

Contact Email binaperfidiaakademia@gmail.com

Phone +6282193108166

Journal Mail Official editor@perfidiajournal.com

Editorial Address Kudus, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

Location Kab. kudus, Jawa tengah INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Umi Nurhayati

Contact Email
binaperfidiaakademia@gmail.com

Phone
+6282193108166

Journal Mail Official
editor@perfidiajournal.com

Editorial Address
Kudus, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

Location
Kab. kudus,

Jawa tengah

INDONESIA