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BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology

biotropia
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Published by Southeast Asian Regional Centre for Tropical Biology

ISSN : 02156334 EISSN : 1907770X DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.11598/btb

Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary

BIOTROPIA, The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, is a scientific publication of the Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization (SEAMEO) – Southeast Asian Regional Center for Tropical Biology (BIOTROP). It publishes articles in the broad areas of tropical ecosystems and environmental impacts, biodiversity conservation and sustainable development and biotechnology.

Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)

Articles 8 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol. 25 No. 3 (2018): BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 3 December 2018" : 8 Documents clear

Benthic Diatoms in the Ping River and Its Tributaries in Mae Taeng District, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand Leelahakriengkrai, Pongpan; Kunpradid, Tatporn
BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 3 (2018): BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 3 December 2018
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Mae Teang District is home to many tributaries of the Ping River. Each tributary is associated with different geographical characteristics and uses. This study is the first report on benthic diatom diversity in the designated water bodies and the first comparison of benthic diatom distribution in the Ping River and its tributaries, including the Mae Hao and Mae Luang Streams in Mae Taeng District of Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. The benthic diatom distribution and physico-chemical properties were investigated in August and November 2015 at three locations in each water body. The highest abundance of benthic diatoms was found in the Ping River (143 species), followed by Mae Hao (132 species) and Mae Luang Streams (90 species). The most abundant species found in the Ping River were Planothidium lanceolatum, Nitzschia palea, Navicula cryptotenella and Seminavis strigosa. The most abundant species found in the Mae Hao Stream were Nitzschia palea, Seminavis strigosa, Surirella splendida and Sellaphora pupula. The most abundant species found in the Mae Luang Stream were Navicula cryptotenella, Diadesmis contenta, Karayevia oblongella and Achnanthes brevipes. Additionally, Amphipleura lindheimeri Grunow was identified as a newly recorded species for Thailand. This study revealed that the Ping River and Mae Hao Stream are similar bodies of water when compared with the Mae Luang Stream in terms of benthic diatom diversity and water quality. In addition, indicator species of tolerance and sensitivity to organic pollution were found. In conclusion, the areas of utilization were found to have affected the distribution of benthic diatoms in these water bodies, along with the water quality of the Ping River and its tributaries.

Soil Microbial Population and Soil Enzyme Activity on PT Bukit Asam Various Reclaimed Land Sites in South Sumatra Tornando, Hengki; Hudi, Firdaus Alam; Prasetyo, Lilik Budi; Santosa, Dwi Andreas
BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 3 (2018): BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 3 December 2018
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Open mining activities result in decreased microbial biomass and negatively impact soil fertility. Soil microbes play a key role in the decomposition of soil organic matter and in nutrient cycling through mineralization mediated by the enzymes they produce. The purpose of this study was to analyze soil fertility levels at PT Bukit Asam’s various reclaimed land sites in Muara Enim Regency, South Sumatra, Indonesia, as determined by microbial populations and soil enzyme activity. The research was conducted using an explorative method across PT Bukit Asam’s reclaimed land sites. Soil samples from seven reclamation areas of different ages were analyzed. Our results showed that soil conditions and enzyme activity vary with reclamation age. At KTU, a 12-year-old reclaimed site, urease enzyme activity was 68.83 mg NH₄⁺·g⁻¹ dm·h⁻¹, with a microbial population of 82.64 × 10⁴ CFU·g⁻¹ soil. The highest phosphatase activity, 95.66 mg pNP·g⁻¹ dm·h⁻¹, was observed at the 9-year-old SP702 reclaimed site, with a soil pH of 5.23. Cellulase activity at the 21-year-old Udongan site was 21.51 mg GE·g⁻¹ dm·h⁻¹, with a cellulolytic microbial population of 1.9 × 10⁴ CFU·g⁻¹ soil, higher than at other reclamation sites. Invertase activity at the 15-year-old Tupak site was 24.37 mg GE·g⁻¹ dm·h⁻¹. Soil enzyme activity can serve as an indicator of soil quality and microbial activity, reflecting biochemical transformations in the soil and exhibiting high sensitivity to environmental changes.

The Effects of Rainfall on Penaeus monodon Fabricius Populations in the Segara Anakan Lagoon, Central Java, Indonesia Pratiwi, Rianta; Sukardjo, Sukristiono
BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 3 (2018): BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 3 December 2018
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Segara Anakan Lagoon (SAL) is widely known as a traditional fishing ground for many aquatic organisms and is located in Central Java, an area with high rainfall. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of rainfall on the distribution of Penaeus monodon Fabricius in SAL and/or mangrove waters, and to explain the cause of yearly fluctuations in fish catch during a 13-year period (1998–2011). The effects of rainfall on the local distribution and abundance of shrimp in SAL, Cilacap, Central Java, Indonesia, were examined using the Anco method for three periods, namely: the first period (commercial catch production, 1998–2011), the second period (December 2010–November 2011), and the third period (December 2011–April 2012), as part of a shrimp fishery and eco-biology study in this region. The marked increase in rainfall from 557 mm during the East Monsoon (June–August) to 1,225 mm in the second transition season (September–November) and West Monsoon (December–February) in the Segara Anakan region enhanced the seasonal movement of shrimp into the Zone IV fishing ground and produced an initial increase in the abundance of adults (CL > 25 mm) from 312 to 2,630 individuals. This initial increase in adult abundance enhanced the shrimp's reproductive potential, while heavy rainfall indirectly supported the recruitment, growth, and survival of juvenile shrimp, increasing the shrimp population in the following year. Lower rainfall from July to September adversely affected the shrimp population and typically resulted in smaller catches (312 individuals). Statistical analysis of the relationship between shrimp catch and annual rainfall showed a high level of significance at 1%.

Molecular Cloning of the Vitellogenin Gene in the Hard-Lipped Barb (Osteochillus hasseltii C.V) and Photoperiod’s Effects on Gene Expression Prayogo, Norman Arie; Siregar, Asrul Sahri; Sukardi, Purnama; Bessho, Yasumasa
BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 3 (2018): BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 3 December 2018
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Photoperiod affects fish reproduction as it regulates activities of the endocrine glands, which produce the hormones needed for geonadal growth and development, gametogenesis, and reproductive cycles. This study aimed to determine the effects of photoperiod on the hard-lipped barb's reproductive performance by exposing the fish to three photoperiod treatments (light hour: L, darks hour: D), namely 14L:10D (control), 8L:16D (short photoperiod) and 18L:6D (long photoperiod), with four aquaria, each containing 9 fish, serving as replicates. The fish were kept under these photoperiods for 8 weeks. Liver activity, the observable variable in the study, was evaluated by measuring vitellogenin gene expression. Normalized data were then subjected to ANOVA, followed by Tukey's range test. The hard-lipped barb's vitellogenin cDNA was found have a 1136 bp sequence and the vitellogenin precursors encoded cDNA comprising 378 amino acids. The vitellogenin gene in each experimental group saw a significant increase on average when exposed to longer photoperiods (P<0.05), and the highest levels of vitellogenin gene expression occurred under long photoperiods (LP, 18 h light:6 h dark). These results indicate that longer photoperiods stimulate and improve the hard-lipped barb's reproductive performance.

Modelling Natural Mortality of Tropical Plantation Species Acacia mangium Willd Krisnawati, Haruni
BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 3 (2018): BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 3 December 2018
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Natural mortality of trees is extremely variable due to the uncertainty and complexity of the functioning of forest ecosystems. The objective of this study was to develop a stand-level mortality model for Acacia mangium species by relating mortality to stand variables that affect the natural mortality process. The model was developed using data from l97 permanent sample plots measured periodically at 1-yr time intervals from 2-4 years until 8-11 years after planting in South Sumatra, Indonesia. The model consists of two complementary equations. The first equation is a logistic function predicting the probability of mortality incidence depending on stand density, site index and stand age. The second equation estimates the reduction in the number of surviving stems observed in a stand where natural mortality occurs. Nine equations were fitted using data from permanent sample plots where trees died over the time period and the best model was selected. Estimates from this second model were then adjusted by a factor equal to the probability of mortality applying three different approaches: probabilistic two-step, deterministic threshold and stochastic. All methods revealed no significant difference between the observed and the predicted number of surviving stems per ha. The probabilistic two-step approach, however, produced more consistent and the most accurate estimates. This method should provide reliable prediction when it is to be used in forest productivity prediction and management system for the species.

Fire Spot Identification Based on Hotspot Sequential Pattern and Burned Area Classification Sitanggang, Imas Sukaesih; Istiqomah, Nalar; Syaufina, Lailan
BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 3 (2018): BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 3 December 2018
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2018.25.3.676

Indonesia has the world's largest tropical peatlands of about 14.9 million hectares that have important life support roles. However, fire frequently occurs in peatlands. According to experts and field forest firefighters, fire hotspots that appear in a sequence of two to three days at the same location have a high potential of becoming a forest fire. This study aimed to determine the sequential patterns of hotspot occurrences, classify satellite image data and identify the fire spots. Fire spot identification was done using hotspot sequence patterns that were overlaid with burned area classification results. Sequential pattern mining using the Prefix Span algorithm was applied to identify sequences of hotspot occurrence. Maximum Likelihood method was applied to classify Landsat 7 satellite images toward identifying burned areas in Pulang Pisau and Palangkaraya in Central Kalimantan and Pontianak in West Kalimantan. Sequence patterns were overlaid with image classification results. The study results show that in Pulang Pisau, 26.19% of sequence patterns are located in burned areas and 72.62% sequence patterns were found in the buffer of burned area within a radius of one kilometer. As for Palangkaraya, there were 62.50% sequence patterns located in burned areas and 87.50% sequence patterns in the buffer of burned area within the radius of one kilometer. In total, there were 72.62% and 87.50% fire hotspots recorded in Pisau and Palangkaraya, respectively, which are strong indicators of peatland fires.

Enzyme Activity in Relation to Total K, CA, MG, Fe, CU and Zn in the Oil Palm Rhizosphere of Riau’s Peatlands, Indonesia Harianti, Mimien; Sutandi, Atang; Saraswati, Rasti; Maswar, Maswar; Sabiham, Supiandi
BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 3 (2018): BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 3 December 2018
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2018.25.3.862

Enzyme activity can be used as an indicator of peat decomposition in the oil palm rhizosphere of peatlands. Oil palm plantation management requires fertilization in the rhizosphere to provide nutrients for oil palm growth. The state of total nutrients in the rhizosphere can influence enzyme activity. This research aimed to study enzyme activity in relation to nutrient content in the oil palm rhizosphere of peatlands. Using the explorative method in Riau's tropical peatlands, an oil palm plantation was chosen as the main site, and a degraded forest as well as a shrubland were chosen as comparison sites. In the oil palm plantation, peat samples were taken from peat adhering to oil palm roots at depths of 0–25 and 25–50 cm and at distances of 0–1, 1–2, 2–3, and 3–4 m from the trees. In the degraded forest and shrubland, samples were taken from selected plant roots at depths of 0–25 and 25–50 cm. The triplicate peat samples were then composited for analysis of enzyme activity and total nutrient content. Results showed that enzyme activity (urease, phosphatase, β-glucosidase, and laccase) in the oil palm rhizosphere decreased as the distance from trees and the depth of the rhizosphere increased. The decline in enzyme activity was caused by low peat pH and increased water content as well as organic carbon content. Enzyme activity increased with increasing oil palm age and ash content. Total K and Zn contents showed no correlation with enzyme activities. However, total Ca and Mg contents showed a positive correlation only with β-glucosidase activity. Total Fe and Cu contents showed a significantly negative correlation with enzyme activities (urease, phosphatase, β-glucosidase, and laccase). Enzyme activity in the rhizosphere of the degraded forest and shrubland was mostly lower than in the oil palm rhizosphere.

Water Pollution Levels in the Suwung Estuary, Bali, Based on Biological Oxygen Demand Saraswati, Ni Luh Gede Rai Ayu; Arthana, I Wayan; Risuana, I Gede Surya; Hendrawan, I Gede
BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 3 (2018): BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 3 December 2018
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2018.25.3.1001

Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) is generally used for determining water pollution levels in bodies of water. An estuary is a semi-enclosed body of water that can be polluted via land areas or rivers. This study was conducted to determine the spatial distribution of water pollution levels in the Suwung Estuary in Bali based on BOD₅ analyses conducted in January and February 2016. Samples were taken at 20 points (19 points in the Suwung Estuary and 1 outside the Suwung Estuary as a control). BOD₅ samples were then analyzed in the laboratory. Our BOD₅ analyses used the amperometric method based on the National Field Manual for the Collection of Water-Quality Data, Chapter A7. BOD₅ samples were taken during all tidal cycles, from low to high tide and high to low tide. BOD₅ values ranged from 0.84 mg/L to 9.47 mg/L during low to high tide and from 0.96 mg/L to 8.75 mg/L during high to low tide. The BOD₅ concentration in the Suwung Estuary indicated slight contamination during both tidal conditions. The spatial distribution of BOD₅ concentration was higher around cage aquacultures, rivers, the Suwung Landfill, and near the Benoa Harbour.

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Knowledge Management Department

Contact Email kmd@biotrop.org

Phone +62251-8323848

Journal Mail Official biotropia@biotrop.org

Editorial Address SEAMEO BIOTROP Jl. Raya Tajur Km. 6 Bogor 16134 INDONESIA

Location Kota bogor, Jawa barat INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

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Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Knowledge Management Department

Contact Email
kmd@biotrop.org

Phone
+62251-8323848

Journal Mail Official
biotropia@biotrop.org

Editorial Address
SEAMEO BIOTROP Jl. Raya Tajur Km. 6 Bogor 16134 INDONESIA

Location
Kota bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA