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Forum Geografi
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
ISSN : 08520682     EISSN : 24603945     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Earth & Planetary Sciences
Aim Forum Geografi is an open-access, peer-reviewed journal dedicated to advancing the field of geography by publishing original scientific articles on spatial issues. The journal prioritizes studies that employ rigorous spatial analysis and geospatial technologies—such as GIS and remote sensing—to deepen theoretical and empirical understanding of spatial patterns, processes, and interactions in both physical and human geography. Focus The primary focus of Forum Geografi is on studies that apply Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and/or remote sensing for spatial and regional analysis of physical and human geographic phenomena. Scope - Human and environment interaction - Geomorphology: process and modelling - River basin: process and modelling - GIS and/or Remote sensing-based disaster-related study - Urban, rural, and regional study
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Bumi dan Planet (semua kategori) - Geologi
Articles 97 Documents
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Volcanic Pumice Rafts at Sea: Buoyancy and Infiltration with Micro-particles Sho Sawada; Christopher Gomez; Takashi Koi
Forum Geografi Vol. 39 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/forgeo.v39i1.7463

Abstract

Pumice, characterised by its high vesicularity, often forms pumice rafts as it floats on water. Although the vast majority of research has focused on understanding the behavior of pumice rafts, studies on the water infiltration properties of pumice remain scarce. Moreover, the influence of underwater particles, such as microplastics in the ocean, on water infiltration through the pores of pumiceous materials is still unclear. Therefore, this study investigates the water infiltration properties of pumice mate-rials and their behavior in different aqueous environments through laboratory experiments using pumiceous rocks (En-a, originating from Mount Eniwa) from the 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi earthquake site. Experiments were conducted in both still and slurry water conditions to examine the effects of particle size and sediment concentration on water infiltration rates. Results showed that density variations follow a two-phase pattern: a rapid initial increase (+0.43 g/cm³ and 0.3931 g/cm³ in the first 30s for small and large pumice, respectively) followed by a plateau phase (+0.022 g/cm³ and 0.0197 g/cm³ in the next 60s). Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in infiltration rates based on particle size in still water conditions, with smaller pumices showing more heterogeneous infiltration pathways. While sediment presence in slurry conditions did not significantly affect overall infiltration rates, it led to more stable data dispersion, particularly in larger samples. The study also pro-poses a statistical framework for modeling pumice behavior, incorporating parameters such as vesicularity, particle concentration, and temperature. These findings suggest that current pumice raft models need refinement to account for size-dependent infiltration behaviors and the influence of underwater particles, with implications for understanding the transport and environmental impact of pumice rafts in marine environments.
Tourism Destination Resilience as a Key for Sustainable Tourism Development in Pesisir Barat Regency, Lampung Province, Indonesia Dion Awfa; Sahid Sahid; Nana Putri Yanto; Fahmi Aziz; Rahmattullah Rahmattullah; Agnes Tresia Silalahi
Forum Geografi Vol. 39 No. 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/forgeo.v39i2.7907

Abstract

Assessing and enhancing resilience is key to developing sustainable tourism destinations. Evaluating the resilience of tourism destinations is crucial, as the tourism sector is highly vulnerable to disasters. This study assesses the resilience levels of seven coastal tourism destinations in Pesisir Barat Regency using a multidimensional approach, covering social, economic, institutional, community, infrastructure, and accommodation, and environmental sub-indices. Data were collected through field surveys and secondary data and analyzed using a standardized resilience index with statistical normalization based on the Disaster Resilience of Place (DROP) model. The findings reveal significant variations in resilience classification. Krui Beach demonstrates high resilience due to strong social, economic, and institutional support, whereas Way Jambu Beach and Walur Beach score low, primarily due to weak economic capacity, institutional support, and community preparedness. While the environmental dimension significantly contributes to most destinations, it fails to offset weaknesses in other dimensions. The analysis also indicates that coastal destinations with robust governance, adequate infrastructure, and empowered communities are better equipped to manage risks and disruptions, particularly in the context of climate change issues. The study highlights that destinations with robust governance, adequate infrastructure, and active community engagement are better equipped to manage disaster risks. However, resource limitations, policy inconsistencies, and stakeholder coordination gaps hinder resilience efforts. Strengthening governance, investing in climate-resilient infrastructure, and adopting community-based adaptation strategies are essential to enhancing tourism resilience. The findings provide insights for policymakers and stakeholders in designing strategic programs for sustainable coastal tourism. Additionally, this approach is a reference for future research, particularly in integrating environmental sustainability with disaster resilience in similar regions.
Exploring Spatial Relationship in Criminal Behavior: A Spatial Analysis of Offenders’ Homes and Theft Locations in Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia Norita Jubit; Tarmiji Masron; Ryoji Soda; Azizul Ahmad; Mohd Norarshad Nordin
Forum Geografi Vol. 39 No. 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/forgeo.v39i2.8104

Abstract

This study aims to identify the proximity of offenders' homes to the theft location in Kuching, Sarawak. The attribute data includes the total number of theft offenders in Kuching in 2018, categorized as solo and co-offenders. It also details the modus operandi used in these thefts, as well as the offenders' employment and educational backgrounds. At the same time, spatial data consists of Kuching and Samarahan land use types, Kuching police station sector boundaries, the home addresses of offenders, and the locations where thefts occurred. This study applied standard deviation ellipses, Euclidean distance analysis, and kernel density estimation. The findings indicate that young people and individuals in their late twenties (15-29 year olds) are at a higher risk of engaging in theft activities. Their target areas are often close to their homes, particularly in urban areas lacking CCTV and security guards. Offenders in urban areas, who are unemployed at the age of 15-29 years old and have low education (SPM level), tend to be thieves. Both solo offenders and co-offenders tend to commit theft near their home. The total number of solo offenders of theft is 78.5%, and co-offenders are 21.4%. The analysis reveals a high level of spatial clustering among offenders, with their homes concentrated in the urban center of Kuching, where crime is most prevalent. The findings imply that offenders' residences are localized in specific urban areas rather than being evenly distributed across the districts of Kuching, Sarawak. The offenders typically travel short distances when engaging in property crime, especially theft. The study suggests that land use planning should consider the concentration of offenders in urban areas. The study also highlights the importance of targeted patrols in high-crime urban areas, especially those lacking CCTV and security guards.
Assessing the Heat Vulnerability Index (HVI) in Klang Valley Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and an Equal-Weighted Approach Normaisurah Samsuddin; Siti Aekbal Salleh; Nafisah Khalid; Noraain Mohamed Saraf; Rostam Yaman; Lynlei Pintor; Girlie Rueda; Normalyana Samsuddin
Forum Geografi Vol. 39 No. 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/forgeo.v39i2.8633

Abstract

Urbanisasi telah menyebabkan lebih dari 50% populasi global tinggal di daerah perkotaan, berkontribusi pada modifikasi signifikan dalam iklim perkotaan yang memperburuk efek buruk perubahan iklim, khususnya pada kesehatan manusia. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menilai Indeks Kerentanan Panas (HVI) di Lembah Klang, Malaysia, menggunakan Analisis Komponen Utama (PCA) dan Indeks Tertimbang Setara (EWI). Selanjutnya membandingkan kedua metode untuk menentukan mana yang lebih efektif mencerminkan konteks lingkungan dan sosial-ekonomi wilayah tersebut. Berfokus pada suhu permukaan tanah sebagai paparan, variabel sensitivitas dan adaptif lainnya ditriangulasi di mana indeks kerentanan panas dikembangkan. Temuan menunjukkan wilayah lembah Klang memiliki tingkat kerentanan yang bervariasi terhadap tekanan panas, dengan kota yang paling terdampak adalah Kuala Lumpur dan Petaling karena faktor sensitivitas paparan dan kapasitas adaptif. Seperti yang dapat dilihat, HVI-PCA mencakup 7,06% untuk Sangat Rendah, 12,87% untuk Rendah, 54,82% untuk Sedang, 14,99% untuk Tinggi, dan 10,26% untuk kerentanan Sangat Tinggi, sementara HVI-EWI mewakili Sangat Rendah pada 6,62%, Rendah pada 51,29%, Sedang pada 26,86%, Tinggi pada 15,22% dan Sangat Tinggi pada 0,02%. Perbedaan-perbedaan ini menggarisbawahi pentingnya pilihan metodologis, di mana PCA mendukung ketahanan empiris berdasarkan metode berbasis data. Pada saat yang sama, EWI cocok ketika konsensus ahli kurang atau ketika kesederhanaan dan dukungan pemangku kepentingan yang luas diperlukan. Rekomendasi termasuk memaksimalkan representasi indikator untuk penilaian yang akurat dan perencanaan perkotaan yang tangguh terhadap stresor terkait panas. Studi ini dapat berfungsi sebagai HVI dasar dari area studi, yang memungkinkan pengembangan teknik pencegahan untuk mengurangi kondisi panas ekstrem.
Assessing Spatiotemporal Dynamics of AI-based Land Use and Land Cover through Sentinel-2 Time-Series Imagery: A Case Study of the Shimbay District, Republic of Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan Ilyaskhoja Jumaniyazov; Mukhiddin Juliev; Mamanbek Reimov; Rustam Oymatov; Aziz Inamov; Begench Yunusov; Dilbar Abdramanova
Forum Geografi Vol. 40 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/forgeo.8724

Abstract

Land use and land cover (LULC) change is a vital indicator of environmental transformation and sustainable land management, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions such as Karakalpakstan. Although several studies have explored LULC dynamics across Central Asia, most have focused on large-scale or regional assessments, leaving a gap in district-level analyses that capture localized land transformation processes. This study addresses this gap by examining the temporal dynamics of LULC in the Shimbay district, one of the most populous districts in the northern part of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan. The research aims to identify changes in LULC using Sentinel-2 satellite imagery over 6 years, from 2017 to 2022. The study area was selected based on 10 years of government “Land Fund” data, indicating significant changes in bare land. The satellite images and field measurements were analyzed using ArcGIS 10.4.1. LULC was categorized into five classes: water bodies; vegetation and agricultural land (including flooded mangroves, emergent vegetation, paddy fields, irrigated agricultural lands, cereals, grasses, and non-tree crops); built-up areas; saline land; and bare land. Following classification, 100 random sample points were generated in ArcGIS and verified using Google Earth Pro to ensure classification accuracy. The results showed that the overall accuracy of the LULC classification was 81% (Kappa coefficient= 0.74) in 2017 and 71% (Kappa coefficient= 0.66) in 2022, both considered within the “substantial” agreement range. The most significant change occurred in vegetation and agricultural lands, with 13,183.38 ha (9.4% of the study area) converted into bare land. These findings provide a detailed understanding of landscape transformation in the Shimbay district and offer policymakers and planners valuable insights to enhance sustainable land management and prevent further land degradation.
Bibliometric Mapping of Research on Water Availability in Central Asia Abdulkhakim Salokhiddinov; Mukhiddin Juliev; Jakhongirmirzo Mirzaqobulov; Poshoazimkhon Khakimova; Avazbek Khomidov; Bekmurat Abdikairov
Forum Geografi Vol. 39 No. 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/forgeo.v39i2.8991

Abstract

Sumber daya air di Asia Tengah terutama berasal dari gletser Pegunungan Tian Shan dan Pamir, yang telah terdampak signifikan oleh perubahan iklim global. Pembentukan dan konsumsi sumber daya ini tidak seimbang karena tuntutan produksi energi dan pertanian. Tinjauan ini menyelidiki isu ketersediaan air di Asia Tengah menggunakan pendekatan bibliometrik, menganalisis 299 makalah akhir yang terindeks di Scopus. Analisis ini berfokus pada tren dan jenis publikasi, peneliti dan lembaga yang aktif, sponsor pendanaan, bidang studi, jurnal dan negara terkemuka, kata kunci, dan kerja sama internasional. Minat penelitian terhadap ketersediaan air di Asia Tengah telah meningkat secara bertahap sejak tahun 2010, dengan hasil utamanya dipublikasikan sebagai artikel penelitian. Distribusi geografis menunjukkan bahwa negara maju dan berkembang berkontribusi pada bidang penelitian. Jerman dan Tiongkok adalah pemimpin dalam kolaborasi kemitraan. Lamers JPA diakui sebagai peneliti paling aktif, sementara Akademi Ilmu Pengetahuan Tiongkok memegang posisi terdepan di antara berbagai organisasi. Selain itu, Yayasan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Nasional Tiongkok berada di peringkat teratas, yang mendukung penelitian terbanyak. Topik penelitian terintegrasi terutama dalam Ilmu Lingkungan dan Water Switzerland diposisikan sebagai jurnal terbaik. “Ketersediaan air”, “Perubahan iklim”, dan “Asia Tengah” digambarkan sebagai kata kunci yang paling populer. 
Seasonal Variability in Soil Salinity and its Climatic Drivers in Khulna, Bangladesh Mondal, Karno Kumar; Akhter, Md. Abdullah Elias; Mallik, Muhammad Abul Kalam
Forum Geografi Vol. 39 No. 3 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/forgeo.v39i3.9038

Abstract

Bangladesh is one of the countries in the world most severely affected by soil salinity issues. This research focuses on the seasonal variation in soil salinity and the associated impact of climate change across different sites in the Batiaghata sub-district of Khulna, located in the southwestern coastal belt of Bangladesh. The study encompasses four meteorological seasons: pre-monsoon (March-April-May), monsoon (June-July-August-September), post-monsoon (October-November), and winter (December-January-February). Maximum and minimum electrical conductivity values are employed, collected from the Soil Research Development Institute (SRDI) in Khulna, and which show variations in the pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons. The Normalized Difference Salinity Index (NDSI) is used to detect soil salinity aspects using remote sensing techniques. Satellite-derived NDSI indices, visualised via the ArcGIS template, indicate that soil salinity peaks during the pre-monsoon season, which is consistent with the observed data. The minimum values were recorded in the monsoon season. The highest maximum value of the NDSI indices for the pre-monsoon season was 0.11580, while the lowest maximum value for the monsoon season was 0.06533. Rainfall is the main reason for lower soil salinity in the monsoon season. Conversely, soil salinity increases during the pre-monsoon season due to higher average air temperatures (2m above surface). The broader implication of the study is that it highlights how climate drivers influence soil salinity. It also supports the formulation of targeted climate adaptation and coastal resilience policies. The main focus of the study is on temperature, rainfall and cyclone data; however, this could be considered a limitation, as other elements that also affect soil salinity, such as wind patterns, evapotranspiration and tidal effects are not fully examined. Furthermore, understanding of long-term salinity trends and variability influenced by interannual climatic patterns may be limited due to the use of short-term data.
Remote Sensing Assessment of Tourism's Groundwater Consumption: Evapotranspiration Analysis in the Northern Piedmont of the Western High Atlas, Morocco Ait Zamzami, Hamza; Elaanzouli, Mohammed; ZAHRANI, Ayoub; Boumeaza, Oumaima; Aachrine, Brahim; Saidi, Jamila; Musiyam, Muhammad; Boumeaza, Taieb
Forum Geografi Vol. 39 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/forgeo.v39i1.9702

Abstract

In semi-arid regions facing escalating water scarcity, tourism development poses critical risks to groundwater sustainability. This study examines the exploitation of groundwater resources by tourism infrastructure in the northern piedmont of Morocco’s Western High Atlas, aiming to quantify withdrawals and assess their long-term viability. By integrating satellite-derived evapotranspiration (WaPOR) and precipitation (CHIRPS) data with field surveys of tourism investments, we analyzed irrigation water demand relative to agronomic requirements and mapped spatial exploitation patterns. Results indicate that 65% of tourism establishments exceed sustainable groundwater use for irrigation by 25–30%, with overexploitation concentrated in communes where tourism development is most intensive. These practices threaten local ecosystems, reduce agricultural productivity, and compromise domestic water security. Our findings highlight the urgent need for enforcing groundwater extraction regulations, adopting water-efficient irrigation systems, and developing alternative water sources to reconcile regional economic growth with the preservation of critical groundwater resources in water-stressed environments.
Constraints on Adopting Land Conservation Technologies Among Cassava Farmers in Volcanic Hillslope Prone to Landslide, Indonesia Pratiwi, Elok Surya; Islami, Jihan Dwi; Purwaningsih, Rina; Sartohadi, Junun; Ota, Masahiko; Hadi, Intan Permata; Patanduk, Alvince; Annisa, Hertiyana Nur; Setio Hadinugroho, Hunggul Yudono; Setiawan, Ogi; Nugroho, Bayu Dwi Apri
Forum Geografi Vol. 39 No. 3 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/forgeo.v39i3.9773

Abstract

The adoption of land conservation technologies (LCTs) in smallholder farming systems often remains limited due to diverse, context specific constraints, highlighting the need for localized analyses. This study examines the barriers to LCTs adoption among cassava farmers residing on landslide-prone volcanic slopes in Magelang Regency, Indonesia. A qualitative approach was employed, involving semi-structured interviews with eight low-income farmers. The analysis identifies two key determinants of non-adoption: perceived benefits and socio-cultural dynamics. Findings indicate that LCTs are perceived as having low applicability because farmers limited investment capacity, and encounter difficulties in altering traditional cultivation practices. These results expose the shortcomings of previous intervention programs and underscore the need to foster long-term conservation practices through institutional support. Government involvement in establishing village-level environmental regulations is essential to enable the allocation of village funds for farmer investments in LCTs. The study calls for more context-sensitive strategies and policy frameworks that address the underlying causes of limited adoption among smallholder farmers in disaster prone landscapes.
The Evolution of Madiun City: The Impact of Accessibility on Urban and Economic Transformation Muafiroh, Salsa; Setiadi, Hafid
Forum Geografi Vol. 40 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/forgeo.9893

Abstract

The development of Madiun from 1900 to the 2000s was shaped by political, economic and infrastructure changes that influenced its urban structure. This research examines the city's transformation from the colonial (1990-1945) to the reform era (1998-now), focusing on the relationship between accessibility and the growth of new economic centres. Although previous studies have explored its development, they lack insights into this specific connection. Using a spatial and diachronic approach, the study analyses road networks, economic centres and urban structures using historical maps, together with journals, field surveys and satellite imagery. The data were processed in several stages: (1) georeferencing and digitising of the historical maps to align with contemporary spatial data; (2) mapping of road networks and economic centres using GIS-based network analysis; (3) land use classification and detection of changes from satellite imagery; and (4) validation of the results through field surveys at key locations. These steps, undertaken with the use of ArcGIS Pro, produced diachronic maps detailing urban changes and the spatial relationship between accessibility and economic growth. The findings reveal that accessibility, particularly through transportation networks, has been a key driver of new economic centres. Areas with high accessibility tend to host diverse and intensive economic activities. These centres have a significant influence on Madiun’s urban structure, with agricultural land decreasing from 47.01% in 1984 to 34.57% in 2024, while built-up areas, including residential zones, expanded from 52.99% to 65.43%. The expansion of residential areas, which reached 57.5% during the reform era, indicates a major shift in land use, driven by accessibility and economic growth. The centres also have a strong influence on Madiun's urban structure, with a transition from agriculture to residential, commercial and industrial functions. The research highlights the role of transportation infrastructure in shaping economic development and urban adaptation. It contributes valuable insights into the interplay between accessibility and economic centres, offering a reference for future urban planning to help foster sustainable growth in cities such as Madiun.

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