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The Journal of Experimental Life Sciences (JELS)

jels
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Published by Universitas Brawijaya

ISSN : 20872852 EISSN : 23381655 DOI : 10.21776/ub.jels

Core Subject : Health, Science,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience

The Journal of Experimental Life Science (JELS) is a scientific journal published by Postgraduate School, University of Brawijaya as distribution media of Indonesian researcher’s results in life science to the wider community. JELS is published in every four months. JELS published scientific papers in review, short report, and articles in Life Sciences especially biology, biotechnology, nanobiology, molecular biology, botany, microbiology, genetics, neuroscience, pharmacology, toxicology, and Applied Life Science including fermentation technology, food science, immunotherapy, proteomics and other fields related to life matter. JELS is a scientific journal that published compatible qualified articles to the academic standard, scientific and all articles reviewed by the expert in their field. The Journal of Experimental Life Science (JELS) have a vision to become qualified reference media to publish the best and original research results and become the foundation of science development through invention and innovation on cellular, molecular, nanobiology, and simulation work related to life matter rapidly to the community. The Journal of Experimental Life Science (JELS) has objectives to published qualified articles on research’s results of Indonesian researchers in life science scope. JELS encompasses articles which discuss basic principles on natural phenomenon with cellular, molecular, and nanobiology approach.

Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)

Articles 10 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol. 7 No. 2 (2017)" : 10 Documents clear

Optimal Control on Model of SARS Disease Spread with Vaccination and Treatment Ririt Andria Sari; Ummu Habibah; Agus Widodo
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 7 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

The spread of SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) disease in a human population is one of the phenomena that can be mathematically modeled. The exposed period of SARS disease underlies the formation of the SVEIR epidemic model which is a modification of the SVIR epidemic model by adding subpopulation E (exposed). In the SVEIR model, there are two control variables in the form of vaccination and treatment which aimed to minimize exposed subpopulation, infected subpopulation, and control implementation cost. The Pontryaginâ€™s minimum principle is used to obtain optimal control and system, thus minimizing objective functional as the objective to be achieved. Furthermore, the forward-backward sweep method is used for numerical simulation in order to determine the most appropriate control strategy in a finite time. The simulation results show that implementation of both vaccination and treatment is the most effective decision making to control the spread of SARS disease.Keywords: optimal control, Pontryaginâ€™s minimum principle, SARS.

Phylogenetics and Biogeography of Cobra (Squamata: Naja) in Java, Sumatra, and Other Asian Region Nia Kurniawan; Mulyadiane M. Putri; Ahmad M. Kadafi; Dea J. Chrestella; Muhammad A. Fauzi; Agung S. Kurnianto
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 7 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

The separation of Sumatra and Java occurred at the end of the Miocene (10 mya) to the end of Pliocene (1.8 mya). The existence of ecological variations and geographic barriers inhibits gene flow through the isolation of adaptation, geography, reproduction, inbreeding, and leading to population segregation. Cobra (genus Naja) distribution became greatly influenced by the geologic condition and sea level. This study was conducted by phylogenetic analysis towards the 16S rRNA gene. Survey was done with Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method on 6 localities. There were 3 locations in Sumatra Island and the others in Java Island. Sample from other Asian region was obtained from Genbank, which are 11 individuals from China, Thailand, and Nepal. DNA extraction was done according to the QIAmpÂ® DNA Mini Kit standard protocol. The forward and reverse 16S sequences are combined with the SequencherTM version 4.1.4 program, then in BLAST (Blast Local Alignment Search Tool) at www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.Â Phylogenetic analyzes of clade A (MP = 60, ML = 54, BI = 88) indicate the presence of division into two monophyletic subclade (AI and AII). Subclade AI consists of groups of CobraÂ from Sunda (Thailand, Sumatra and Java). Subclade AII is a group of species N. kaouthia originating from Chumpon Province, Southern Thailand with (MP = 96, ML = 95, BI = 100). Clade B is divided into two subclasses (BI and BII). The result is supported by bootstrap value MP = 93, ML = 99, BI = 100. N. atra of Fujian Province is a sister lineage of the same species from Jiangxi Province (MP = 86, ML = 86, BI = 100).Keywords: Asian, 16s rRNA, Java, Cobra, Sumatra.

Effect of Calcium Polysulfide Applications on Severity of Cocoa Pod Rot (Phytophthora palmivora Butl.) and Fungal Diversity Wahyu Widiyasmoro; Mintarto Martosudiro; Liliek Sulistyowati
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 7 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Indonesian government gives a high priority for the development and revitalization of cocoa production. In 2012/2013, production of cocoa in Indonesia reached 410,000 ton from 1,774,500 ha (about 231 kg ha-1), lower than Ghana which is 835,000 ton from 1,600,300 ha (about 521 kg ha-1). One of the constraints of cocoa production in Indonesia is pod rot disease caused by Phytophthora palmivora, which can reduce about 90% of production during wet season. Calcium polysulfide was suggested as one of the potential, cheap and save substance to control P. palmivora. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the calcium polysulfide potential to control the disease and its effect on the phyllosphere-fungal diversity. A positive correlation was found between concentration of calcium polysulfide and inhibition of fungal growth in the media. Otherwise, a negative correlation was found between concentration of calcium polysulfide and fungal biomass. Disease severity of cocoa treated by calcium polysulfide 80 mL L-1 every weekÂ was 11.67% significantly lower than control, i.e. 68.33%. Furthermore, it was also found that the index value of fungal diversity on the phylosphere decreased by increasing concentration and interval ofÂ calcium polysulfide application.Keywords: Calcium polysulfide, Cocoa, Phytophthora palmivora.

In Vitro Morphogenesis Responses of Various Explant in Physalis angulata L. Retno Mastuti; Aminatun Munawarti
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 7 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

The objective of this research was to identify morphogenesis responses of in vivo and in vitro-derived explant of Physalis angulata L. Explants were cultured on MS medium containing 3% sucrose solidified with 1.3% agar supplemented with combination of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole acetic acids (IAA), naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). All explant types have morphogenesis ability. Capability for shoot regeneration was observed in high number of shoot tip (96.1%) and nodes explants (75.2%). Callus formation was dominantly produced by in vitro leaf explants. In vivo leaf had low responses for shoot/root regeneration and callus formation. These results provided an alternative choice of the explant suitable for either plant regeneration or callus formation.Keywords: callus, cotyledonary nodes, explant types, shoot regeneration.

Effects of Fish Oil and Tomato Powder Supplementation in Mojosari Ducks Diet on Egg Quality Faizal Andri; Eko Widodo; Irfan Hadji Djunaidi
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 7 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

This research aimed to examine the effects of fish oil and tomato powder supplementation on egg quality of Mojosari ducks. A total of one hundred and forty Mojosari ducks (consisted of 20 male and 120 female ducks), aged at 40 weeks old, were randomly allotted into 20 flocks (each flock consisted of 1 male and 6 female ducks). Method used was experiment in a Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatments and 4 replications. Dietary treatments used were T0: basal diet (control), T1: basal diet + 1% FO, T2: basal diet + 2% FO, T3: basal diet + 1% FO + 1% TP; T4: basal diet + 2% FO + 1% TP. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Result showed that supplementation of fish oil and tomato powder did not significantly affect (P>0.05) external egg quality (egg shape index, shell surface area, shell thickness and specific gravity). Dietary treatments also had no significant effect (P>0.05) on internal egg quality (albumen volume, yolk volume, albumen index, yolk index and Haugh unit). It is concluded that there was no detrimental effect of fish oil and tomato powder supplementation in Mojosari ducks diet on external and internal egg quality.Keywords: antioxidant, Haugh unit, laying duck, omega-3 fatty acids, poultry.

Phylogenetic Patterns of Genus Megophrys (Anura: Megophryidae) from Java and Sumatra Nia Kurniawan; Aminuddin Affandi; Erintha Eka Wardani; Indah Nur Chomsy; Anggun Sausan Firdaus; Agung Sih Kurnianto
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 7 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

The emergence of Java and Sumatra islands at the end of Miocene, has impact to the diversity of fauna that living in the islands. Amphibia, as one of a genetic information series, can be used as a good phylogenetic comparison. Genus Megophrys (Anura: Megophryidae), is a member of amphibians that live isolated at an altitude of 1000 ASL (Above Sea Level) or more. The purpose of this research is to analyze the phylogenetic patterns of genus Megophrys in Java and Sumatra based on the analysis of 16s rRNA gene. We also analyzed the zoogeography to understand the history of relationship and the establishment of these islands. We took samples on 12 localities: 10 areas of Sumatra and 2 areas of Java. We used Qiamp Blood and Tissue Kit to extract the DNA from tissues. Qualitative analysis of DNA was done by running electrophoresis on 1% agarose gel. Qualitative analysis of DNA was done by running electrophoresis on 1% agarose gel. Results show that Clade A has 2 subclasses: I and II. Subclade I consists of Sumatran specimens, whereas subclade II consists of Javanese specimens. Subclaude I and II have paraphyletic connections. Clade B classified as politomy clade consists of Megophrys sp. from West Pasaman, Megophrys sp. from West Sumatra and Megophrys sp. from Pasawaran, Lampung. The result shows that Megophrys sp. of subclade I (clade A) and clade B, belongs to the same group, both of them were originated from Sumatra. Megophrys sp. subclade I (clade A) originated from Tanggamus (Lampung) and West Lampung (Lampung) separated with 2 species of Megophrys sp. of clade B originated from Pasawaran (Lampung).Keywords: 16s rRNA, Java, Megohprys, Sumatra, zoogeography

Comparison of DNA Extraction Methods Between Conventional, Kit, Alkali and Buffer-Only for PCR Amplification on Raw and Boiled Bovine and Porcine Meat Arif Yahya; Marindra Firmansyah; Annisa Arlisyah; Rio Risandiansyah
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 7 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Detection of porcine contamination in food material by employing PCR techniques is integral in halal food confirmation. However, PCR is both costly and laborious, particularly in DNA isolation method. This study explores several different methods in DNA extraction for PCR amplification in bovine and porcine raw and boiled meat samples. Four methods for DNA extraction (conventional PCI method, DNA isolation kit, alkaline-based method, and a DNA lysis buffer-only from the same kit) was employed followed by PCR using primers from previous studies and compared for DNA quality and quantity (in six replicates) and PCR amplification on the best three DNA samples. This study shows that in all samples, the conventional method had the best DNA yield based on nanodrop measurement, followed by an alkali-based method, buffer-only method, and DNA isolation kit. Each method except lysis-buffer only had at least one sample with good DNA quality. Conventional and isolation kit showed reliable positive PCR detection for all porcine and bovine samples (92% positive). Using the alkaline-lysis method, DNA was amplified reliably on boiled meat samples (83% positive). Lysis-buffer-only method did not show consistent PCR amplification on the samples used (50% positive). The conclusion was that conventional PCI method and DNA isolation kit showed high reliability in PCR amplification of bovine and porcine meats, both raw and boiled. While high DNA yield was obtained using the alkaline-lysis method, PCR amplification was only successful on boiled samples. Lysis-buffer only method yielded in poor DNA quality and was not able to result in reliable DNA amplification.Keywords: DNA extraction methods, halal, Porcine food contaminants.

The Effect of Explant Types and Kinetin Concentration on In Vitro Callus Induction in Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash Arbaul Fauziah; Wahyu Widoretno
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 7 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

The aims of this research were to evaluate the effect of explant types and several kinetin concentrations on in vitro induction and growth of callus vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash). Crown and tiller of vetiver were cultured on Murashige and Skoogâ€™s (MS) media supplemented with combination of 2,4-D 0.75 ppm and several kinetin concentrations (0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.75, and 1) ppm. The induction and growth of callus were influenced by type of explant and concentration of kinetin. Formation and growth of callus on tiller explant were faster than crown explant. Callus on tiller explant were formed one week after culture, while callus from crown explant were formed at four weeks after culture. Callus growth on tiller explant also was better than crown explant. Eight weeks after culture, callus fresh weight from tiller explant was 0.35 Â± 0.09 g, while callus fresh weight from crown explant was only 0.16 Â± 0.08 g. The addition of kinetin in the medium combined with 2,4-D was able to increase callus growth and the optimum concentration of kinetin used was 0.5 ppm. The addition of kinetin more than 0.5 ppm in the medium decreased the callus fresh weight.Keywords: callus, crown, in vitro culture, tiller, Vetiveria zizanioides.

Study of Glucosamine Production from Shrimp Shells by Fermentation Using Trichoderma harzianum Hardoko Hardoko; Bambang B. Sasmito; Yunita E. Puspitasari; Hamid M. Afandi; Nugroho Maulia
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 7 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Shrimp shells are one of chitin sources in Indonesia which is potential to be converted into multifunctional glucosamine. This research was aimed to study the glucosamine production by fermentation using Trichoderma harzianum.Â Method used was experimental fermentation with pH treatment of 3-5 and fermentation duration of 10-20 days, and designed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Results showed that fermentation duration of 10-20 days has reached the optimum point of glucosamine production from shrimp shells using T. harzianum. The highest production of D-glucosamine in fermentation using T. harzianum occurred on initial pH of 5.41 and fermentation duration of 15 days (18,294.95 ppm), while the highest N-Acethyl-D-Glucosamine production occurred on initial pH of 3.00 and fermentation duration of 20 days (127,000.00 ppm).Keywords: fermentation, glucosamine, shrimp shells, T. harzianum.

Assessing the Genotoxic Potentials of Methomyl-based Pesticide in Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Using Micronucleus Assay R Adharyan Islamy; Uun Yanuhar; Asus Maizar Suryanto Hertika
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 7 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Pesticides are recognized as serious pollutants in the aquatic environment with the potential to cause genotoxic on the aquatic organism, especially fish. The micronucleus (MN) assay has been used to evaluate genotoxicity of many compounds in polluted ecosystems such pesticides. The aim of this study to determine genotoxic effect of methomyl-based pesticide on tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish were exposed to six different concentrations base on range finding test (0 ppm, 3.2 ppm, 4.2 ppm, 6.5 ppm, 8.7 ppm and 10 ppm) of methomyl-based pesticide. The micronucleus were collected from peripheral blood erythrocyte of fish after 96 h exposure. Peripheral blood samples smears were stained with Giemsa, MN frequencies were counted and statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA. The result of this study showed after 96 hours exposed to methomyl-based pesticide, at concentration 0 ppm causes 0% mortality, at concentration to 3.2 ppm causes 30% mortality, at concentration 4.2 ppm causes 60% mortality, at concentration 6.5 ppm causes 70% mortality, at concentration 8.7 ppm causes 80% mortality, at concentration 10 ppm causes 100% mortality of fish test. Lethal Concentration 50 (LC50 - 96 hours) of methomy-base pesticide towards tilapia (O. niloticus) is 4.015 ppm. Through micronuclei assay during 96 hour exposure of methomyl-based pesticide, the result shows that frequencies of micronuclei in erythrocyte of fish test at concentration at 0ppm is 12â€°, 18â€° and 16â€°; at concentration at 3.2ppm is 33â€°, 26â€° and 29â€°; at concentration at 4.2ppm is 41â€°, 38â€° and 46â€°; at concentration at 6.5ppm is 68â€°, 81â€° and 82â€°; at concentration 8.7ppm is 133â€°, 130â€° and 137â€°; at concentration 10ppm is 163â€°, 166â€° and 156â€°. It revealed that methomyl-based pesticide exposure induced after 96 h significantly (P<0.05) increased genotoxic potentials simultaneous with increased concentration.Keywords: Genotoxic, Methomyl, Micronucleus Assay, Pesticide, Tilapia.

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Home Page

OAI Link

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Reviewer

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Contact Name Jehan Ramdani Hariyati

Contact Email jehanramdani@ub.ac.id

Phone +6282333752235

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Editorial Address Jl. Veteran Malang 65145

Location Kota malang, Jawa timur INDONESIA

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Contact Name
Jehan Ramdani Hariyati

Contact Email
jehanramdani@ub.ac.id

Phone
+6282333752235

Journal Mail Official
jehanramdani@ub.ac.id

Editorial Address
Jl. Veteran Malang 65145

Location
Kota malang,

Jawa timur

INDONESIA