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Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan
Published by Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, Kementerian Kesehatan
ISSN : 08539987     EISSN : 23383445     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Public Health
Media Health Research and Development ( Media of Health Research and Development ) is one of the journals published by the Agency for Health Research and Development ( National Institute of Health Research and Development ) , Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. This journal article is a form of research results , research reports and assessments / reviews related to the efforts of health in Indonesia . Media Research and Development of Health published 4 times a year and has been accredited Indonesian Institute of Sciences ( LIPI ) by Decree No. 396/AU2/P2MI/04/2012 . This journal was first published in March 1991.
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Front-Matter Media Litbangkes Vol 26 No 1 Mar 2016 Litbangkes, Media
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol 26, No 1 Mar (2016)
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Peran Standar Operasional Prosedur Penanganan Spesimen untuk Implementasi Keselamatan Biologik (Biosafety) di Laboratorium Klinik Mandiri Hasugian, Armedy Ronny; Lisdawati, Vivi
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol 26, No 1 Mar (2016)
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AbstrakStandar Operasional Prosedur (SOP) merupakan acuan laboratorium dalam berkegiatan dan harusmemenuhi kriteria Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) serta peraturan perundang-undangan yangberlaku. SOP berkaitan dengan penilaian risiko keselamatan biologik (biosafety), terutama terkaittindakan pencegahan (safety precaution) di laboratorium. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasikepemilikan/ada tidaknya SOP dan evaluasi terhadap SOP yang dimiliki di Laboratorium Klinik Mandiri(LKM) di Indonesia dikaitkan dengan implementasi keselamatan biologik (biosafety), yang dalam tulisanini dihubungkan dengan kejadian dan komplikasi saat pengambilan darah. Desain penelitian mengikutiRiset Fasilitas Kesehatan (Rifaskes) 2011 yaitu potong lintang. Metodologi dengan cara mendatangisecara langsung setiap LKM sesuai kriteria inklusi, melakukan wawancara menggunakan kuisionerterstruktur, observasi dan pencatatan data sekunder yang diperlukan. Variabel SOP yang dianalisisberjumlah 15 buah sesuai pertanyaan pada Rifaskes 2011. Total 782 LKM direkrut pada Rifaskes 2011.Sejumlah 695 LKM dianalisis untuk kepemilikan/ada tidaknya SOP dan 504 LKM untuk evaluasi SOP.Hasil menunjukkan hanya 49,3% LKM memiliki SOP dan 51,8%-nya yang melakukan evaluasi SOP.LKM yang memiliki dan mengevaluasi ≥ 75% SOP lebih banyak ditemukan di Pulau Jawa dan Sumatera.Kejadian tertusuk benda tajam, terkena limbah infeksius, dan tertumpah limbah lebih sering terjadi padakelompok kepemilikan/ada tidaknya SOP dan evaluasi SOP < 75%. Komplikasi hematoma, pingsandan perdarahan lebih banyak dilaporkan oleh kelompok kepemilikan/ada tidaknya SOP dan evaluasiSOP ≥ 75%. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan kepemilikan/ada tidaknya SOP dan evaluasi SOP ≥ 75%berhubungan dengan perlindungan dari komplikasi perdarahan di laboratorium. Kesimpulan dari studiini bahwa < 75% LKM di Indonesia yang memiliki SOP dan evaluasi SOP, sehingga perlu ditingkatkanuntuk dapat menerapkan prinsip keselamatan biologik secara luas.Kata Kunci: biosafety, Riset Fasilitas Kesehatan (Rifaskes), laboratorium, Standar Operasional Prosedur AbstractStandard Operating Procedure (SOP) is a reference laboratory guideline in daily laboratory activity andmust meet criteria one Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) as well as the laws and regulation. SOPs is alsorelated to risk assessment of biological safety (biosafety), mainly related to preventive measures (safetyprecaution) in the laboratory. This paper aims to identify the ownership/presence or absence of SOP andevaluation of the SOP owned in the private clinical laboratory (PCL) in Indonesia associated with theimplementation of the safety of biologics (biosafety), which in this paper is associated with the incidenceand complications when taking blood.The study design followed the Research Health Facility (Rifaskes)2011 which was a cross sectional. The methodology by approaching directly each PCL which fits theinclusion criteria, and conduct interviews using structured questionnaire, observation and recording ofsecondary data is required. In total, 15 SOP variables were analyzed according to Rifaskes questionin 2011. Total 782 PCL were recruited in 2011 Rifaskes, only 695 of PCL were analyzed for ownership/presence of absence SOP and 504 PCLs for evaluation of SOP. The analysis showed that only 49.3%PCL have SOP and 51.8% of them are evaluating the SOP. The PCLs have and evaluate the SOP ≥ 75%more common in Java and Sumatera. The punctured needle accident, spilled chemicals and infectedmaterials infectious were recorded frequently in the group ownership/presence or absence of SOPand evaluation of SOP < 75%. Complications hematoma, unconscious, and bleeding more reported by the group ownership/presence or absence of SOP and evaluation of SOP ≥ 75%. The analysis ofmultivariate show ownership/presence or absence SOP and evaluation of SOP ≥ 75% protection fromcomplications related to bleeding in the laboratory. The conclusion of the study is the ownership SOPand evaluation SOP on PCL in Indonesia < 75%, so it needs to be improved to be able to apply theprinciples of biological safety at large.Keywords: biosafety, Research Health Facilities (Rifaskes), laboratory, Standard Operating Procedure
Efektivitas Iradiasi terhadap Penurunan Limfosit T pada Komponen Sel Darah Merah Pekat Kadir, Sheila; Setiawaty, Vivi; Kosasih, Agus; Chunaeni, Saptuti
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol 26, No 1 Mar (2016)
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AbstrakPemberian transfusi darah merupakan salah satu tindakan medis untuk penyelamatan nyawa (life saving)dan penyembuhan penyakit, tetapi di sisi lain tindakan ini juga memiliki risiko atau komplikasi. Salahsatu komplikasi yang dikenal adalah Transfusion-Associated Graft-vs-Host Disease (TAGVHD) yangmenyebabkan berproliferasinya limfosit T yang kemudian akan diikuti oleh proses engraft (tertanam)di dalam tubuh resipien khususnya yang berada dalam kondisi imunokompeten seperti pasien kankeratau dengan penyakit autoimun. Saat ini, satu–satunya metode yang dapat diterima untuk mencegahkomplikasi tersebut adalah dengan melakukan iradiasi darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuidosis iradiasi dan waktu penyinaran yang tepat untuk menurunkan jumlah CD 3+ dan CD 4+ sebagaipenyebab terjadinya TAGVHD. Hasil penelitian dapat dijadikan rekomendasi untuk prosedur iradiasiterhadap komponen sel darah merah pekat yang akan diberikan pada pasien-pasien imunokompetendi RS Kanker Dharmais Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan disain penelitian eksperimental denganpemeriksaan time series yang dilakukan terhadap 54 kantong komponen sel darah merah pekat denganumur simpan tidak lebih dari satu hari. Pengujian dilakukan terhadap jumlah CD 3+ dan CD 4+ dalamtiga dosis dengan tiga serial waktu berbeda. Terjadi penurunan secara bermakna jumlah CD 3+ denganpenyinaran dosis 3000 cGy dan CD 4+ dengan penyinaran dosis 2500 dan 3000 cGy pada komponen seldarah merah pekat yang dilakukan iradiasi pada waktu penyinaran 3 jam dan 5 jam. Dosis penyinaran2500 cGy dan setelah 5 jam penyinaran memberikan penurunan viabilitas CD 3+.Kata Kunci: iradiasi, Transfusion-Associated Graft-vs-Host Disease (TAGVHD), CD 3+, CD 4+ AbstractBlood transfusion is a medical treatment for life-saving and cure the disease. On the other hand thesetreatment also have risks or complications, one of which is known as Transfusion-Associated Graftvs-Host Disease (TAGVHD) that may cause proliferation T lymphocytes and follow by a processengraft (embedded) in the recipient’s body at a state of immunocompetent. This condition is commonlyexperienced by patients with impaired immunological systems such as cancer patients or autoimmunediseases. Currently, one - the only acceptable method to prevent such complications by way of bloodirradiation. The aim of the study is to determine the irradiation dose and exposure time in reducingthe amount of CD 3+ and CD 4+ which is the cause of the TAGVHD. The results of this study will be arecommendation for action to the irradiation of packed red cell that will be given in immunocompetentpatients in Jakarta Dharmais Cancer Hospital. This study used an experimental research design timeseries with the examination conducted on 54 bags of packed red cell with the storage time was nolonger than one day. The experiments were conducted on the number of CD 3+ and CD 4+ in three doseswith three different time series. We found the significant decline in the number of CD 3+with 3000 cGyirradiation dose and CD 4+ with 2500 dan 3000 cGy irradiation doses in packed red cell irradiation at 3 to5 hours of irradiation time. The 2500 cGy irradiation doses for 5 hours decreased the viability of CD 3+.Keywords: irradiation, Transfusion-Associated Graft-vs-Host Disease (TAGVHD), CD 3+, CD 4+
Pengaruh Akses ke Fasilitas Kesehatan terhadap Kelengkapan Imunisasi Baduta (Analisis Riskesdas 2013) Nainggolan, Olwin; Hapsari, Dwi; Indrawati, Lely
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol 26, No 1 Mar (2016)
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AbstrakAkses terhadap fasilitas kesehatan dengan situasi dan kondisi geografis merupakan tantanganyang cukup besar didalam pemberian pelayanan immunisasi secara merata di seluruh Indonesia.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh akses fasilitas kesehatan dengan statusimunisasi dasar lengkap pada baduta berusia 12-23 bulan di Indonesia pada tahun 2013. Penelitianini menggunakan rancangan cross sectional dan analisis statistik dilakukan dengan menggunakanregresi logistik berganda. Berdasarkan hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan adanya hubungan yangbermakna (P value=0,001) antara waktu tempuh ke fasilitas kesehatan UKBM (OR=1,23); waktu tempuh(P value=0,000) ke fasilitas kesehatan non UKBM (OR=1,80) dengan kelengkapan imunisasi anakbawah dua tahun (baduta) setelah dikontrol oleh variabel umur ibu pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ibu, statussosial ekonomi keluarga, dan wilayah tempat tinggal. Diperlukan upaya dan peran serta pemerintah danmasyarakat untuk meningkatkan aksesibilitas penduduk terhadap fasilitas kesehatan terutama fasilitasupaya kesehatan berbasis masyarakat (UKBM) untuk meningkatkan cakupan kelengkapan imunisasidasar di seluruh Indonesia.Kata Kunci: imunisasi dasar lengkap, baduta, UKBM, non UKBM, Indonesia AbstractAccess to health facilities with geographic circumstances are considerable challenges in the provisionof immunization services throughout Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectof access to health facilities to complete basic immunization status at children age 12-23 months inIndonesia in 2013. This study used a cross-sectional design and statistical analysis is done by usingmultiple logistic regression. Based on the results of multivariate analysis showed a significant association(P value=0.001) between the travel time to health facilities UKBM (Community Based Health Efforts)with Odds Ratio/OR = 1.23; and travel time (P value = 0.000) to non UKBM health facilities (OR = 1.80)with the completeness of immunizing children under two years (baduta) after controlled by maternalage, maternal education, maternal occupation, family socio economic status and place of residence.Required effort and the role of the government and the community to improve the accessibility of thepopulation to health facilities, especially facilities-based public health efforts (UKBM) to improve thecompleteness of basic immunization coverage in Indonesia.Keywords : complete basic immunization, infant, UKBM, non UKBM, Indonesia
Pengujian Cemaran Bakteri, Kapang dan Khamir di Unit Produksi Garam Farmasi Skala Pilot Kapasitas 5 Kg/Batch Rismawan, Eriawan
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol 26, No 1 Mar (2016)
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AbstrakHingga saat ini, hampir 90% bahan baku obat (BBO) Indonesia dipenuhi dari produk impor. Garam farmasisebagai bahan baku dalam pembuatan infus termasuk salah satu BBO yang seluruhnya masih diimpor.Untuk mencapai kemandirian bahan baku farmasi pengembangan unit produksi garam farmasi menjadipenting untuk dilakukan di Indonesia. Merujuk pada Peraturan Ka.BPOM No. HK.03.1.33.12.12.8195Tahun 2012 tentang Cara Pembuatan Bahan Baku Aktif Obat yang Baik (CPBBAOB), suatu unit produksiharus menghasilkan produk yang memenuhi persyaratan kandungan kimia dan pengotor lainnya sertabatas cemaran bakteri, kapang dan khamir. Cemaran-cemaran tersebut dapat ditimbulkan dari bahanbaku, bahan pemurnian dan kontaminasi dari udara pada tahapan proses produksi. Dalam penelitianini dilakukan pengujian cemaran-cemaran tersebut di seluruh tahapan proses produksi dan produkgaram farmasi pada unit produksi skala pilot. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa unit proses produksiskala pilot yang dikembangkan dapat menghasilkan produk garam farmasi yang memenuhi persyaratankualitas sesuai FI IV dan tidak mengandung cemaran bakteri, kapang dan khamir.Kata Kunci: garam farmasi, unit produksi, skala pilot, kualitas, cemaran bakteri AbstractAlmost 90% of Indonesian pharmaceutical raw materials controlled by imported products from thepast few years until this moment.Pharmaceutical salt as the main ingredients in making an infusionis one of them. In order to gain self-sufficiency of pharmaceutical raw materials, the improvement ofpharmaceutical salt production plant is a priority to be realized in Indonesia. Referring the rules of theChief of BPOM No. HK.03.1.33.12.12.8195 in 2012 about how to make the active compound of drugsproperly, a production unit has to generate products which can meet with the requirement of chemicalcompound and any other impurities and the limit of bacterial contamination as well as mold and yeast.All the contaminants could be emerged from raw materials, purification materials and air contaminationwhile the production is ongoing. In this research, the investigation of contaminants was conducting notonly in whole steps of production process but also the salt products from pilot scale plant. The resultshows that the pilot scale production plant is capable to produce pharmaceutical salt which is eligible interms of quality according to FI IV and is not contaminated by bacteria, mold and yeast.Keywords: salt pharmaceutical grade, production unit, pilot scale, quality, bacterial contaminant
Epidemiologi Kasus Difteri di Kabupaten Lebak Provinsi Banten Tahun 2014 Kambang, Sariadji; Sunarno, nFN; Pracoyo, Noer Endah; Putranto, Rudi Hendro; Abdurrahman, nFN
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol 26, No 1 Mar (2016)
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AbstrakInfeksi difteri disebabkan oleh bakteri Corynebacterium diphtheriae dan hampir terdapat di seluruhdunia dalam bentuk wabah. Penyakit ini terutama menyerang anak umur 1-12 tahun, mudah menulardan menyebar melalui kontak langsung. Upaya pencegahan penyakit difteri dilakukan dengan caramelakukan program imunisasi. Data Riskesdas tahun 2013 menunjukkan cakupan imunisasi dasarlengkap untuk Provinsi Banten adalah 59,2%. Cakupan imunisasi yang rendah ini akan berdampakpada keadaan wabah, salah satunya difteri, seperti yang terjadi di Kampung Kumpay, Desa Maraya,Kecamatan Sajira, Kabupaten Lebak Provinsi Banten, dilaporkan adanya laporan kematian karenapenyakit difteri sejak April 2014. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran epidemiologi danpenyebaran penyakit difteri yang menimbulkan wabah. Ada 23 sampel swab tenggorok yang dilakukanpemeriksaan laboratorium berupa kultur, mikroskopis dan Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Datapenyelidikan epidemiologi dilakukan dengan wawancara terhadap tersangka dan kontak serta orangtuanya. Hasil dari 23 sampel swab tenggorok menunjukkan satu kontak positif C.diphtheriae gravistoksigenik, sementara hasil penyelidikan epidemiologi menunjukkan ada 4 kasus dengan diagnosisklinis difteri, dua diantaranya meninggal. Data cakupan imunisasi di daerah tersebut memenuhi target,sementara tingkat pendidikan orang tua rendah yakni ayah 60,3% dan ibu 90%, sebanyak 48% anaktidak diimunisasi serta kepadatan hunian rumah yang tinggi yakni 58,7%. Kesimpulan menunjukkanadanya penyebaran penyakit difteri di Kampung Kumpay, Desa Maraya, Kecamatan Sajira, KabupatenLebak, Provinsi Banten.Kata Kunci: Corynebacterium diphtheriae, epidemiologi, imunisasi AbstractDiphtheria infections caused by the Corynebacterium diphtheriae and could be outbreak in all countries.Particulary, this disease attacks the children aged 1-12 years old, contagious and spreads through directcontact. The preventing of diphtheria has been done by immunization programs. Based on national healthresearch (Riskesdas) in 2013 Banten province showed the coverage of complete basic immunizationwas 59.2%. The coverage of low immunizations would cause an outbreak, one of them is a diphtheria,such as happened in Kumpay-Maraya village, sub-district Sajira, Lebak regency of Banten provincereported the deaths of children due to diphtheria since April 2014. This study aims to know and overviewof epidemiology and spread of diphtheria disease that caused an aoutbreak. There were 23 samples ofthroat swab tested in laboratory such as culture, microscopic and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).Epidemiological data was conducted by interviewing of suspects, contacts and their parents. The resultsfrom the 23 samples showed a positive contact of C.diphtheriae type toxigenic gravis, while the resultsof epidemiological investigations showed there were 4 cases with a clinical diagnosis of diphtheria, twoof them died. The immunization coverage of this region meet the target, meanwhile the educational levelof parents respondents are relatively low which 60,3% for father and 90% for mother. There were 48%children were not immunized and 58,7% respondents living in high density of residents. The conclusionwas that there were spreading in Kumpay-Maraya village, Sajira sub-districts, Lebak regency of Bantenprovince.Keywords: Corynebacterium diphtheriae, epidemiology, immunization
Kadar Debu Partikulat (PM2,5) dalam Rumah dan Kejadian ISPA pada Balita di Kelurahan Kayuringin Jaya, Kota Bekasi Tahun 2014 Azhar, Khadijah; Dharmayanti, Ika; Mufida, Ida
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol 26, No 1 Mar (2016)
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AbstrakInfeksi saluran pernafasan akut (ISPA) adalah penyebab utama kematian balita di Indonesia danberkaitan erat dengan polusi udara. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan gambaran kadar debupartikulat (PM2,5) dan hubungannya dengan ISPA pada balita. Survei menggunakan kuesioner terstrukturdilakukan terhadap 106 balita di Kelurahan Kayuringin Bekasi pada bulan Maret hingga Oktober 2014.Data yang dikumpulkan berupa gejala ISPA, pengukuran antropometri, riwayat imunisasi balita, kondisirumah, dan hasil pengamatan terhadap kondisi jalan terdekat. Pengukuran kadar PM2,5 dilakukan diruang keluarga, kamar tidur balita menggunakan alat Haz-Dust EPAM 5000 selama 12 jam. Desainpenelitian adalah potong lintang dan dianalisis secara deskriptif maupun analitik. Hasil yang diperolehsebanyak 69,9% balita dengan gejala ISPA tinggal di rumah berventilasi kurang dan 74,2% balita tinggaldi rumah dengan dapur menyatu dengan ruangan lain. Kadar rata-rata PM2,5 dalam rumah 70 μg/m3.Ada perbedaan bermakna antara kadar rerata PM2,5 dalam rumah di wilayah yang ramai lalu lintasdengan wilayah yang tidak ramai (p=0,02). Kesimpulan yang didapat kadar rerata PM2,5 udara dalamrumah mencapai dua kali lipat dari baku mutu.Kata Kunci : PM2,5, infeksi saluran pernafasan akut, balitaAbstractAcute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is the leading cause of death for children under five years old inIndonesia and have been associated with air pollution. The objective of the study was to identify indoorfine particles (PM2,5) concentration and its relationship with ARI among children under five years. Aquestionnaire-based survey of 106 children was conducted in Kayuringin village, Bekasi city from Marchto October 2014. Data collected were ARI related symptoms, anthropometry, immunization, housing andtraffic density. Assessment of 12-hour PM2,5 level was done using Haz-Dust EPAM 5000 in living roomor children’s room. This research was a cross-sectional study using univariate and bivariate analysis.Most of children had ARI related symptoms during 3 months before study. Most of children with ARI(69,9%) lived in poor ventilated houses. More over, the houses had family room that fully integrated withthe kitchen (74,2%). The indoor average level of PM2,5 was 70 μg/m3 among 46 households. Statistically,there was a significant difference in PM2,5 average level indoor between houses in high and low trafficdensity area (p=0,02). The indoor average level of PM2,5 was two times higher than EPA’s standard level(35 μg/m3).Keywords: PM2,5, ARI, children under five years old
Hubungan antara Jarak Rumah dengan Sumber Pencemaran di Luar Rumah (Outdoors) terhadap Kejadian Asma Sukar, nFN; Hananto, Miko; Suharjo, nFN
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol 26, No 1 Mar (2016)
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AbstrakTelah dilakukan analisis lanjut data Riskesdas tahun 2007 dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensidan hubungan antara jarak rumah dengan sumber pencemaran di luar rumah terhadap asma. Analisisdilakukan tahun 2014 di Jakarta selama 3 bulan. Analisis statistik meliputi univariat dan bivariatmenggunakan uji chi square, dengan nilai kekuatan hubungan dari nilai ORcrude (Odds Ratio). Dependenvariabel asma dan independen variabel jarak rumah dengan sumber pencemaran di luar rumah (kejalan raya/rel KA, ke TPS/TPA, ke industri/pabrik, dan lokasi kota/desa). Hasil menunjukkan bahwaprevalensi asma di Indonesia berdasarkan diagnosis petugas kesehatan atau gejala klinis yangdirasakan sebesar 2,51%. Faktor risiko lingkungan yang paling berisiko adalah jarak rumah ke industri/pabrik lebih dari 50 meter berisiko untuk menderita asma sebesar 30,2 kali, dengan tingkat kemaknaan(p) 0,005. Sedang lokasi rumah berada di perdesaan dengan mendapatkan penanggulangan sebesarnilai OR (95% CI) 0,03 dan tingkat kemaknaan (p) 0,003. Berdasarkan temuan, disarankan kepadaKementerian Kesehatan untuk melakukan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat bahwa jarak rumah ke sumberpencemaran berisiko menyebabkan asma. Perlunya penyuluhan tentang bahaya dari kedekatan rumahdengan sumber pencemaran kaitan dengan penyakit. Perlu penelitian lebih lanjut menggunakan variabellingkungan hasil pengukuran sehingga dapat lebih baik.Kata Kunci: lingkungan, sumber pencemaran, luar rumah, asma AbstractFurther analysis of data Riskesdas 2007 has been conducted, with the aim to determine the prevalenceand the relationship between home distance to outdoors pollution sources to occurance of asthma.The analysis was conducted in 2014 in Jakarta for 3 months. Statistical analysis include univariate andbivariate using chi square test, with the value of the strength of the relationship of the value ORcrude (OddsRatio). The dependent variables is asthma and independent variables distance between home and asource of outdoors pollution. The results showed that the prevalence of asthma in Indonesia based onthe diagnosis of health or clinical symptoms felt by 2.51%. The risk factors most influential environmentis home to a range of industrial / factory of more than 50 meters at risk of developing asthma by 30.2times, with a significance level (p) 0.005. Average house is in a rural location with a gain reduction in theamount of OR (95% CI) of 0.03 and a significance level (p) 0.003. Based on the findings, it is suggestedto the Ministry of Health to disseminate to the public that the distance from the house to the source ofthe pollution risk of causing asthma. The need for education about the dangers of the proximity of thehouse to the sources of pollution linked to the disease. Further studies using environment variables sothat the measurement results can be better.Keywords: environment, sources of pollution, outdoors, asthma
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Tingkat Kekebalan Hepatitis B (anti-HBs) pada Anak Umur 1-14 Tahun dari Data Hasil Riskesdas 2007 Pracoyo, Noer Endah; Wibowo, nFN
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol 26, No 1 Mar (2016)
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Abstract

AbstrakVirus Hepatitis B (VHB) masih merupakan masalah utama dalam dunia kesehatan, hal ini terbuktidengan meningkatnya prevalensi di beberapa belahan dunia seperti di Afrika, Asia dan negara-negaraPasifik. Angka prevalensi ≥ 8% dinyatakan endemis tinggi terhadap VHB ditemukan di daerah Afrikadan Asia. Tahun 2012 telah dilaporkan lebih dari 350 juta orang terinfeksi VHB dengan perkiraan 1,2juta orang kematian per tahun karena hepatitis kronis, sirosis dan karsinoma hepatoseluler. Penelitianini merupakan analisis lanjut data sekunder RISKESDAS Kemenkes tahun 2007, yaitu suatu penelitiancross-sectional. Total sebanyak 1.618 sampel anak umur 1-14 tahun telah dianalisis. Tujuan daripenelitian adalah untuk menentukan faktor risiko yang terkait dengan kekebalan Hepatitis B (titer anti-HBs) dengan menganalisis data titer anti-HBs terhadap data KESMAS-nya. Manfaaat penelitian untukmengetahui penurunan kekebalan aktif anti-HBs pada anak Indonesia umur 1-14 tahun. Kesimpulanpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor umur memiliki hubungan yang paling signifikan terhadap titer anti-HBs, (p = 0,001) dengan tingkat terlindungi sebesar 91% (OR = 0,91; 95% CI = 0,886-0,938 p=0,001).Kata Kunci: virus Hepatitis B (VHB), anti-HBs, anak umur 1-14 tahun, data Riskesdas 2007AbstractHepatitis B virus (HBV) is still a major problem in the world, it is proved by the increasing prevalence in someparts of the world such as in Africa, Asia and Pacific countries. ≥ 8% prevalence rate is expressed highlyendemic for HBV is found in regions of Africa and Asia. In the year 2012 has been reported more than 350million people infected with HBV with an estimated 1.2 million deaths per year due to chronic hepatitis,cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The study was an advanced analysis of National Basic HealthResearch 2007 Data, which was using a cross-sectional design. A total of 1,618 samples of children aged1-14 years have been analyzed. The aim of the study was to determine the risk factors associated withHepatitis B immune (anti-HBs titers) by analyzing the data of anti-HBs titers against the data of its publichealth.The benefit of the study was to find the active anti-Hbs immunity decline in Indonesian children aged1-14 years. Conclusion of the study indicated that age factor has the most significant relationship to theanti-HBs titers (p=0.001) with the protected level of 91%. (OR = 0.91; 95% CI = 0.886 to 0.938 p=0.001).Keywords: Hepatitis B virus (HBV),anti-HBs, children of 1-14 years, National Basic Health Research2007 Data
Back-Matter Media Litbangkes Vol 26 No 1 Mar 2016 Litbangkes, Media
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol 26, No 1 Mar (2016)
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan

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