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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 48, No 1 (2016)" : 6 Documents clear
Ondansetron serum concentration and polymorphisms of CYP2D6, ABCB1 and 5-HT3B receptor genes in the treatment of chemoterapy induced nausea and vomiting DA Perwitasari; . Mustofa
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 48, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (407.146 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci004801201603

Abstract

This study was aimed to understand differences of ondansetron serum concentrationin each antiemetic responses, polymorphisms of 5HT3B receptor, CYP2D6 and ABCB1genes in Indonesian cancer patients treated with high emetogenic cytostatics. We recruitedcancer patients in Dr Sardjito Hospital treated with cisplatin (≥ 50 mg/m 2) as monotherapyor combination therapy. Patients were treated with ondansetron 8 mg intravenously anddexamethasone 8 mg intravenously and metoclopramide (10 mg orally) after cytostaticadministration until 5 days after chemotherapy. We cathegorized the nausea and vomitinggrade according to the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria v.3. We alsodetermined some SNPs of ABCB1, 5HT3B and CYP2D6 genes using realtime PCR. Werecruited 191 cancer patients in this study with the average of ondansetron serumconcentration reached 33.48 ng/ml (SD: 18.54). According to the patients’ response tothe antiemetic, during the acute phase, 21.8% patients experienced acute nausea and30.2% patients experienced acute vomiting. Only the haplotype of CTG-CTG of ABCB1which have significant association with ondansetron serum concentration. EM patients ofCYP2D6 and patients with haplotype of delAG of 5HT3B had lower ondansetron serumconcentration. However, IM patients of CYP2D6 showed higher ondansetron serumconcentration and lower grade of nausea and vomiting. Variations of ABCB1, CYP2D6and 5HT3B may be used as pharmacogenetic marker in predicting antiemetic response incancer patients receiving highly emetogenic cytostatic.
Evaluation of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) to uncomplicated falciparum malaria patients in Purworejo District, Central Java, Indonesia Michael Bhadi Bia; E. Elsa Herdiana Murhandarwati; Neil F Lobo; William A Hawley; . Supargiyono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 48, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1401.807 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci004801201605

Abstract

Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT) to treat uncomplicated Plasmodiumfalciparum malaria has been applied in Purworejo District, Central Java, Indonesia, since2004. However evaluation of the two ACT regimens used ie: Artesunate Amodiaquine(AAQ) and Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine (DHP) co-administered with Primaquine (PQ)has not been performed. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and side effects ofAAQ+PQ and DHP+PQ treatment in uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Purworejo. Inthis descriptive and observational study, 46 Pf infected patients who fullfill the inclusionand exclusion criterias were recruited from December 2010 to August 2011. StandardACT treatment were given to the patients followed by WHO drug efficacy evaluation for28 days. The clinical symptoms and adverse events was also evaluated over the course ofthe treatment. From all recruited subjects, 37 patients received DHP+PQ and 9 patientsreceived AAQ+PQ. On the DHP+PQ treated patient, all subjects were free of asexualand sexual parasites by Day-3 while on AAQ+PQ treated patient, this parasite clearancewas achieved faster as early as on D-2 at the latest. On the otherhand, the disappearanceof fever was also last longer in DHP+PQ treated patient which in one patient last onD-14, while in AAQ+PQ treated patient, the symptom of fever dissappeared by D-2at the latest. No Early or Late Treatment Failures were found on either DHP+PQ orAAQ+PQ treatment as well as clinical and parasitological failures. However, the presenceof adverse events cause by both drugs should not be ignored to ensure drug compliance.
The role of virulence factors inCandida albicanspathogenicity Tri Wibawa
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 48, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (815.604 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci004801201606

Abstract

Candida albicans is a classical example of causative agent for opportunistic fungalinfection. Normally, it colonizes skin, gastrointestinal tract, genital, and mucosalmembranes, but in certain condition it may responsible for diseases. This phenomenonwas mainly associated with immunological status of the host. However, there werefindings that showed the possibility of putative virulence factors work on the transitionof commensally to pathogenic role of the yeast. In this review, some virulence factorswere discussed. Indeed, there were factors that may be considered as putative virulencefactors of C. albicans.
Microbiological profile and antimicrobial susceptibility in children with perforated appendicitis at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta . Rochadi
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 48, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (985.529 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci004801201604

Abstract

Acute appendicitis is the most common surgical cause of acute abdominal pain in children.Perforated appendicitis is the major complication of acute appendicitis with incidencein children of 30-40%. Perforated appendicitis should be operated immediately alongwith the administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics. The aim of this study isto analyzethe microbiological profile and determine the antimicrobial susceptibility in childrenwith perforated appendicitis at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Weanalyzed the pus from the perforated appendicitis patients who underwent surgery at Dr.SardjitoGeneral Hospital from January 2005 to September 2009. Escherichia coli (43%)was the most common aerobic bacteria found in children with perforated appendicitis,followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (26%), Klebsiellapneumonia (11%), Streptococcus(11%), and Proteus mirabilis (3%).The most sensitive antibiotics were imipenem,phosphomycin, amikacin and netilmicin, followed by the 4th and the 3rd generation ofcephalosporin, amoxicillin, ampicillin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. In addition,there was no statistically significant difference in terms of resistant and sensitivity betweenthe 4th generation cephalosporin compared to phosphomycin, netilmicin, or imipenem(p > 0.05). In conclusion, the most common bacteria found in perforated appendicitisin Dr. Sardjito General Hospital is E.coli. The administration of the 4th generation ofcephalosporin might be appropriate for the children with perforated appendicitis.
Prefrontal cortex cell proliferation of adult rats after chronic stress treated with ethanolic extract of Centella asiatica (L) Urban. Yuniasih Mulyani Jubeliene Taihuttu; Ginus Partadiredja; Dwi Cahyani Ratna Sari
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 48, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1127.045 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci004801201601

Abstract

The decrease of proliferation level of cells in several regions of adult brain is found afterstress exposure. One of such area is prefrontal cortex. Herbal medicine as antistresshas been used widely. Centella asiatica (L) Urban extract was reported to have potentcompounds to increase brain function. The objective of this study is to investigate theeffects of ethanolic extract C. asiatica on cell proliferation of the adult prefrontal cortexin rats (PFC) after chronic stress. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 260-390g were randomly assigned into six experimental groups, with five rats per group, i.e.Group 1 as nomal control without chronic stress, Group 2 as stress control, Group 3 aspositive control given fluoxetine, Group 4-6 as treatment groups given 150; 300 and 600of ethanolic extrac C. asiatica, respectively. Extract were administered orally to the ratsfollowing a period of restraint duration of 6 hours/day for 21 days. Bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU) immunohistochemistry was used to label the proliferated cells. Physical fractionatormethod was used to estimate the total number of proliferated cells. One-way analysis ofvariance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey post hoc test was used to evaluate the differencebetween groups. BrdU-labeled cells on medial prefrontal cortex were as follows:1715.3±1345.1 (Group 1), 2659.2±2250.6 (Group 2), 4077.4±2415.3 (Group 3),1784.1±908.3 (Group 4), 3056.6±4263.3 (Group 5), and 2153.4±2259.4 (Group 6).No significance difference between groups was observed (p>0.05). In conclusion, theadministration of ethanolic extract of C. asiatica does not influence cell proliferation onprefrontal cortex of rats after chronic stress.
Correlation of methylation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and interleukin-6 (IL6) promoter with insulin resistance in obese adolescents Ratih Feraritra Danu Atmaja; Dian Caturini Sulistyonigrum; Emy Huriyati; Ahmad Hamim Sadewa; Rina Susilowati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 48, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1035.405 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci004801201602

Abstract

Chronic inflammation can lead to insulin resistance in obesity. Increased mRNA expressionof inflammatory markers such as toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and interleukin 6 (IL6) werereported both in the tissue and the peripheral blood of obese adolescent and correlatedwith insulin resistance. DNA methylation surrounding TSS region is known to regulate thelevel of a gene expression. The aim of the study was to investigate the methylation statusof TLR4 and IL6 promoter in peripheral blood of obese adolescent and its correlation toinsulin resistance. This was a cross sectional study with observational analytic approached.Fifty adolescents with obesity from Yogyakarta Special Region, aged 15-18 years,z-score value >2 SD, no experience of any acute infections within 2 weeks and signed ininformed consent, were selected in this study. Subjects with diabetic mellitus, incompletedata and DNA concentration of <20 μg/mL were excluded. DNA samples were extractedfrom peripheral blood of the subjects. The bisulfite converted DNA was analyzed formethylation level with direct sequencing. Correlation analysis using Spearman test wasperformed with significance value was set at p<0.05. No methylation in TLR4 promoterwas detected in all subjects. The methylation level of IL6 was transformed to categoricalvariable. Four (8%) subjects with insulin resistance and 2 (4%) without insulin resistancehad methylation on a CpG site. Methylation of IL6 was not statisticaly different betweeninsulin resistance and non-resistance adolescent (p=0.635). The significant correlationwas not found between methylation level in IL6 promoter with insulin resistance (HOMAIR)(r=0.051). Cell specific of methylation mechanism, characteristic of subjects andtypes of samples were suspected causing those results. In conclusion, no correlationbetween methylation levels of TLR4 promoter and IL6 with insulin resistance in obeseadolescent was observed in this study.

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