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Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 23377909     EISSN : 23388463     DOI : 10.15851/jap
Core Subject : Health, Education,
Education Health Professions
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif (JAP)/Perioperative Anesthesia Journal is to publish peer-reviewed original articles in clinical research relevant to anesthesia, critical care, case report, and others. This journal is published every 4 months with 9 articles (April, August, and December) by Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung.
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Perbandingan Penggunaan Topikal Spray Benzidamin HCl 0,15% dan Gel Lidokain 2% pada Pipa Endotrakeal terhadap Kejadian Nyeri Tenggorok Pascaintubasi Endotrakeal Muhammad, Maulana; Fuadi, Iwan; Nawawi, Abdul Muthalib
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Nyeri tenggorok setelah operasi sering terjadi dan merupakan hal yang tidak menyenangkan setelah tindakan anestesia dengan intubasi endotrakeal. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah penggunaan benzidamin HCl 0,15% lebih menurunkan angka kejadian nyeri tenggorok dibanding dengan lidokain gel 2% pada pasien pascaintubasi endotrakeal. Penelitian eksperimental secara randomized control trial (RCT) dilakukan pada 90 pasien dengan status fisik American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I–II, usia 18–60 tahun yang menjalani operasi elektif di ruang operasi bedah sentral Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung pada Juni–Agustus 2014. Pasien dibagi dalam kelompok benzidamin, kelompok lidokain, dan kelompok NaCl. Selama operasi dicatat perubahan hemodinamik, tekanan balon pipa endotrakeal dipertahankan di bawah 25 mmHg, dinilai skala nyeri tenggorok pada 2 jam, 6 jam, dan 24 jam (T2, T6, T24) setelah operasi dan dilakukan uji statistik dengan uji-t, Uji Kruskal-Wallis, chi-kuadrat. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan angka kejadian nyeri tenggorok kelompok benzidamin lebih rendah dibanding dengan kelompok lidokain pada 6 jam setelah operasi (T6) dengan perbedaan yang bermakna (p<0,05). Simpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan spray benzidamin Hcl0,15% mampu mengurangi angka kejadian nyeri tenggorok pasca-anestesia endotrakeal dibanding dengan lidokain gel 2%.Kata kunci:  Anti-inflamasi, benzidamin HCl, lidokain gel, nyeri tenggorok pascaintubasiEffectiveness of Benzydamine HCl 0.15% Spray and Lidocaine 2% Gel on Post-operative Sore Throat IncidencePostoperative sore throat is common and unpleasant after endotracheal anesthesia. This study was conducted to determine whether the use of benzydamine hcl 0.15% can further reduce the incidence of sore throat compared to lidocaine gel 2% in patients under endotracheal anesthesia. This experimental study was a randomized control trial (RCT) in 90 patients with ASA physical status I–II, aged 18–60 years who underwent elective surgery in the central surgical operating room of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital during the period of June to August 2014. Patients were divided in benzydamine group, lidocaine group, and NaCl group. The hemodynamic changes were noted during surgery. The endotracheal tube cuff pressure was maintained below 25 mmHg and a graded scale for sore throat was performed at 2 hours, 6 hours, and 24 hours (T2, T6, T24) after surgery. Statistical tests using t-test, Kruskal-Wallis, and chi-square test were conducted. From the results, the incidence of sore throat in the benzydamine HCL group was significantly lower than in the lidoccaine HCL  group at 6 hours after surgery (T6; p<0.05). It is concluded that benzydamin HCL  0.15% spray is able to reduce the incidence of postoperative sore throat when compared to lidocaine 2% gel.Key words: Anti-inflammation, benzydamine HCL, lidocaine HCL , postoperative sore throat DOI: 10.15851/jap.v3n2.579
Perbandingan Penggunaan Jarum Sudut Tumpul dengan Jarum Tuohy untuk Transversus Abdominis Plane Block terhadap Penyebaran Anestetik Lokal pada Operasi Ginekologi Darmoko, Aris; Yadi, Dedi Fitri; Maskoen, Tinni Trihartini
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) merupakan salah satu teknik anestesia regional untuk memblokade nyeri saat dilakukan sayatan kulit di dinding abdomen. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan penggunaan jarum sudut tumpul dengan jarum tuohy untuk TAPB terhadap penyebaran anestetik lokal pada operasi ginekologi. Jenis penelitian eksperimental dengan uji acak terkontrol buta tunggal dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode Juli–Agustus 2014. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap 30 wanita berusia 18–60 tahun dengan status fisik American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I–II yang menjalani operasi ginekologi dalam anestesi umum. Penelitian ini dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu jarum sudut tumpul dan jarum tuohy. Teknik TAPB dilakukan di kedua sisi abdomen menggunakan 20 mL bupivakain 0,125%. Sebelum dan sesudah TAPB dilakukan pencitraan ultrasonografi untuk membandingkan penyebaran anestetik lokal. Analisis statistika menggunakan Uji Mann-Whitney dan uji Z. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan penyebaran anestetik lokal pada kelompok jarum sudut tumpul 50% dan pada kelompok jarum tuohy 26,7% secara statistika berbeda bermakna (p<0,05). Simpulan, pada operasi ginekologi dengan teknik TAPB penggunaan jarum sudut tumpul lebih baik dibanding dengan jarum tuohy terhadap penyebaran anestetik lokal.Kata kunci: Jarum tuohy, jarum sudut tumpul, penyebaran anestetik lokal, transversus abdominis plane blockComparison between Short Bevel Needle and Tuohy Needle Use in Transversus Abdominis Plane Block on Local Anesthetic Spread During  Gynecological SurgeriesTranversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) is one of the regional anesthesia techniques which enable multimodal analgesia involving skin incision in abdominal wall. This study aimed to compare the use of short bevel needle and tuohy needle for TAPB on the spread of local anesthetics in gynecological surgeries through a experimental randomized single blind trial. This study was conducted in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung on July–August 2014 to 30 woman between 18–60 years with the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I–II underwent gynecological surgery under general anesthesia. The subjects were divided into 2 groups, short bevel needle and tuohy needle groups. The block was given on both sides of the abdomen using 20 mL of bupivacaine 0.125%. Before and after TAPB, an ultrasonography was performed to assess the spread of local anesthetics. Mann Whitney and Z test were used for statistical analysis. The results showed the spread of local anesthetic with short bevel needle was 50%, and with tuohy needle was 26.7%, the difference based on statistical analysis was significant (p<0.05). In conclusions, the use of dull angle needle is better than tuohy needle in the spread of local anesthetics in TAPB in patients undergo gynecological surgeries.Key words: Local anesthetic spreading, transversus abdominis plane block, short bevel needle,  tuohy needle DOI: 10.15851/jap.v3n2.575
Keberhasilan Early Goal-Directed Therapy dan Faktor Pengganggu pada Pasien Sepsis Berat di Instalasi Gawat Darurat Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung yang Akan Menjalani Pembedahan Silviana, Mira; Tavianto, Doddy; Kadarsah, Rudi Kurniadi
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Early goal directed therapy (EGDT) bertujuan menurunkan morbiditas dan mortalitas pada pasien sepsis berat dan syok sepsis namun pelaksanaannya sering menemukan kendala. Tujuan penelitian ini mengevaluasi keberhasilan EGDT pada pasien sepsis berat di Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD) Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung yang menjalani pembedahan serta mencari faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi keberhasilan EGDT. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif observasional pada bulan Juni–Agustus 2014 dengan subjek penelitian pasien IGD berusia >14 tahun dalam kondisi sepsis berat yang menjalani pembedahan. Keberhasilan EGDT ditentukan berdasar atas pedoman surviving sepsis campaign. Hasil penelitian dari 30 pasien didapatkan 27 pasien berhasil dilakukan EGDT, sedangkan 3 pasien meninggal. Faktor yang memengaruhi EGDT, yaitu faktor medis, kecepatan dalam mendiagnosis sepsis berat, lama pemeriksaan penunjang, faktor koagulasi yang memanjang, dan faktor nonmedis, yaitu lamanya keputusan keluarga, prosedur pengurusan administrasi, dan ketersediaan alat. Simpulan, keberhasilan EGDT di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin dengan faktor medis dan nonmedis sebagai faktor pengganggu yang berperan dalam keberhasilan pelaksanaannya. Kata kunci:  Early goal directed therapy (EGDT), pembedahan, sepsis beratThe Success of Early Goal-Directed Therapy and its Confounding Factors in Patients with Severe Sepsis Admitted to the Emergency Room of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital for SurgeryEarly goal-directed therapy (EGDT) is conducted to reduce morbidity and mortality in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the success of EGDT in patients with severe sepsis in the emergency room (ER) of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung who were going to undergo surgery and the factors that contributed to the success of EGDT. This study was a descriptive observational study that took place in June–August 2014. Subjects were ER patients, aged over 14 years old, who came with severe sepsis condition and were going to undergo surgery. The successful EGDT in this study was determined according to the surviving sepsis campaign (SSC) guideline such as a central venous pressure of 8–12 mmHg, mean arterial pressure of >65 mmHg, and central venous saturation of >70%. In this study, from 30 patients, 27 patients  successfully underwent EGDT and the remaining 3 patients did not survive. Factors that affect the implementation of EGDT were divided into two factors: medical and non-medical factors.  Medical factors were time needed to diagnose patient with severe sepsis, delay in laboratory findings, and abnormality of coagulation factors. The non-medical factors were family consent, procedures related to health insurance, and the availability of central venous catheter. In conclusions, EGDT is successfully achieved in 90% patients with severe sepsis in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung.  Factors that contribute to the successful achievement of EGDT include medical and non-medical factors.Key words: Early goal directed therapy, surgery, severe sepsis DOI: 10.15851/jap.v3n2.580
Waktu Pulih Sadar pada Pasien Pediatrik yang Menjalani Anestesi Umum di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung Dinata, Defri Aryu; Fuadi, Iwan; Redjeki, Ike Sri
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Salah satu komplikasi utama pasca-anestesia pada pediatrik adalah keterlambatan pulih sadar. Penyebab keterlambatan pulih sadar pasca-anestesia adalah efek residual dari obat anestetik, sedatif, analgesik, durasi anestesi, dan hipotermia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui waktu pulih sadar pada pasien pediatrik yang menjalani anestesia umum di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung dengan metode penelitian adalah observasional prospektif. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei–Agustus 2014 dengan sampel sebanyak 456 pasien pediatrik yang menjalani anestesia umum terdiri atas 3,9% neonatus, 24,6% infant, 17,3% batita, dan 54,2% anak. Parameter yang dicatat pada penelitian ini adalah usia, jenis kelamin, berat badan, jenis anestesia inhalasi, dosis fentanil, durasi anestesia, dan suhu inti tubuh pasca-anestesia. Data penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif dalam ukuran jumlah dan persentase. Hasil penelitian ini adalah angka kejadian keterlambatan pulih sadar pada pasien pediatrik sebanyak 96 kasus (neonatus 16 kasus, infant 51 kasus, batita 12 kasus, dan anak 12 kasus). Faktor yang memengaruhi waktu pulih sadar pada neonatus adalah hipotermia, pada infant adalah dosis fentanil >3 mg/kgBB, pada durasi anestesia >210 menit dan hipotermia, pada batita adalah hipotermia, dan pada anak adalah dosis fentanil >5 µg/kgBB dan hipotermia.  Simpulan, hipotermia merupakan faktor penyebab keterlambatan waktu pulih sadar pada semua kelompok usia.Kata kunci: Pasca-anestesi, pediatrik, waktu pulih sadar Recovery Time in Pediatric Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung    The most common causes of prolong awakening are residual effects of drugs either anesthetics, sedatives or analgesics, length of anesthesia, and hypothermia. This study aimed to determine the recovery time to consciousness in pediatric patients undergoing general anesthesia in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. This was an observational prospective study conducted in May until August 2014 on 456 patients consisting of 3.9% neonates, 24.6% infants, 17.3% toddlers and 54.2% children. Parameters recorded in this study were age, sex, weight, type of inhalation anesthetics, fentanyl dose, duration of anesthesia, and post-anesthesia temperature. Data were analyzed descriptively in number and percentage. The results showed that the average recovery time to consciousness in  neonatal patients was 50 minutes 40 seconds in which 88.3% of the neonatal age group suffered from post anesthesia hypothermia (core body temperature below 36⁰C). Factors that influenced recovery time in infants were fentanyl dose above 3 µg/kgBW, duration of anesthesia over 210 minutes, and hypothermia. The factors that caused delayed recovery were hypothermia in toddlers group and fentanyl doses above 5 µg/kgBW and hypothermia in children. Incidence of prolong awakening in pediatric patients undergoing general anesthesia in this study was 96 cases, consisting of 16 cases of neonates, 51 cases of infants, 12 cases of toddlers, and 17 cases of  children. In conclusion, the common factor causing delay in recovery in all age groups is hypothermia.Key words: Post-anesthesia, pediatric, recovery time DOI: 10.15851/jap.v3n2.576
Efek Ondansetron Intravena terhadap Tekanan Darah dan Laju Nadi pada Anestesi Spinal untuk Seksio Sesarea Ismandiya, Annisa Isfandiary; Maskoen, Tinni T.; Sitanggang, Ruli Herman
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
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Hipotensi merupakan komplikasi anestesi spinal yang sering ditemukan pada seksio sesarea. Pencegahan hipotensi dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian cairan, vasopresor, dan memperbaiki posisi uterus ibu saat terlentang dengan mengganjal punggung. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh ondansetron 8 mg yang diberikan 5 menit sebelum spinal anestesi dalam menjaga kestabilan hemodinamik. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung pada Januari–Maret 2014 dengan desain eksperimental secara acak klinis terkontrol tersamar ganda yang mengikutsertakan 46 ibu hamil dengan status fisik American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) I−II yang menjalani seksio sesarea menggunakan anestesi spinal. Setelah randomisasi secara blok permutasi, subjek penelitian dikelompokkan menjadi 2, yaitu 23 subjek kelompok kontrol mendapat NaCl 0,9% dan 23 subjek kelompok perlakuan mendapat ondansetron intravena 8 mg. Tekanan darah dan laju nadi diperiksa setiap 1–15 menit setelah anestesia spinal, kemudian diperiksa tiap 3 menit sampai operasi selesai. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan uji-t, Uji Mann-Whitney, dan Uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Analisis statistik menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna tekanan darah sistol, tekanan darah rata-rata, dan jumlah pemakaian efedrin antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok ondansetron (p<0,05). Simpulan, pemberian ondansetron 8 mg dapat mengurangi hipotensi dan menurunkan jumlah pemberian efedrin pasca-anestesi spinal pada operasi seksio sesarea.Kata kunci: Anestesi spinal, hipotensi, ondansetron, seksio sesareaIntravenous Ondansetron Effect on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Caesarean Section under Spinal AnesthesiaHypotension is the most common complication in spinal anesthesia during cesarean sections. One of the prevention efforts includes administering a fluid vasopressor or placing a wedge under the right hip for left uterine displacement. This study aimed to determine the effect of ondansetron 8 mg, 5 minutes before spinal anesthesia, to maintain maternal hemodynamic stability. This double-blind randomized control experimental study was conducted in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung during the period of January to March 2014 on 46 pregnant women, American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) II, who underwent cesarean section with spinal anesthesia. After randomization, the subjects were grouped into two groups: 23 subjects were included in the control group receiving Nacl 0.9% and 23 subjects were included in the ondansetron group receiving 8 mg of ondansetro. Blood pressure and pulse rate were examined every minute until 15 minutes after spinal anesthesia and then every 3 minutes until the operation was complete. Data were analyzed statistically using t test, Mann Whitney Test, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test. The results show that there were significant differences in systol presure, average blood pressure, and use of ephedrine between the control and ondansetron group (p<0.05). In conclusion, the provision of 8 mg ondansetron can prevent hypotension and reduce ephedrine use after spinal anesthesia in caesarean section.Key words:  Spinal anesthesia, caesarean section, hypotension, ondansetron, sectio sesareaspinal anesthesia  DOI: 10.15851/jap.v3n2.572
Efek Penambahan Deksametason 5 mg pada Bupivakain 0,5% terhadap Mula dan Lama Kerja Blokade Sensorik Anestesia Epidural untuk Operasi Ortopedi Ekstremitas Bawah Irwan, -; Pradian, Erwin; Bisri, Tatang
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Operasi ortopedi ekstremitas bawah dengan anestesia regional epidural memiliki kelemahan yaitu mula kerja yang lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat efek penambahan 5 mg deksametason pada bupivakain 0,5% terhadap mula kerja dan lama kerja blokade sensoris. Penelitian prospektif eksperimental menggunakan uji klinis acak buta ganda pada 32 pasien dengan American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) I–II yang menjalani operasi ortopedi ekstremitas bawah dengan anestesi epidural di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung pada Februari–Mei 2014. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara consecutive sampling dan random blok permutasi. Kelompok I, deksametason 5 mg ditambahkan ke dalam bupivakain 0,5% 15 mL. Kelompok II, bupivakain 0,5% ditambah NaCl 0,9% 15 mL. Hasil penelitian diuji secara statistika menggunakan uji-t dan Uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mula kerja blokade sensorik kelompok I tidak lebih cepat, yaitu 13,56 menit dibanding dengan kelompok II, yaitu 14,31 menit (p=0,27). Lama kerja blokade sensorik kelompok I lebih lama, yaitu 399,81 menit dibanding dengan kelompok II, yaitu 227,43 menit (p=0,00). Simpulan, penambahan deksametason 5 mg pada bupivakain 0,5% 15 mL tidak mempercepat mula kerja blokade sensorik tetapi memperpanjang lama kerja blokade sensorik bupivakain 0,5% yang diberikan secara epidural.Kata kunci: Anestesi epidural, blokade sensorik, bupivakain, deksametason, lama kerja, mula kerjaEffect of Dexamethasone 5 mg Addition to Bupivacaine 0.5% on Onset and Duration of Sensory Blockade in Epidural Anesthesia for Lower Extremity Orthopedic SurgeryLower extremity orthopedic surgery performed with regional epidural anesthesia was still have weakness which is long onset of time. This study was conducted to determine the onset time and duration time of sensory blockade epidural anesthesia  between the use of dexamethasone 5 mg addition to 0.5% bupivacaine for lower limb orthophedic surgery. The study was using randomized controlled blind method on 32 ASA I–II patients undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgery under epidural anesthesia. Consecutive sampling and random allocation of block of permutation groups was applied. In group I, dexamethasone 5 mg was added to bupivacaine 0.5% 15 mL while in group II NaCl 1 mL was added to bupivacaine 0.5% 15 mL. The results were statistically tested using t-test and Mann-Whitney test. It was shown that the onset time of sensory blockade was not significantly faster when dexamethasone was added in bupivacaine 0.5%, 13.56 minutes versus 14.31 minutes (p=0.27). The duration time of sensory blockade in dexamethasone in bupivacaine 0.5% group was longer 399.81 minutes, compared to the bupivacaine 0.5% group, 227.43 minutes (p=0.00). In conclusions, the addition of dexamethasone 5 mg to bupivacaine 0.5% 15 mL does not produced faster onset time. However, the duration sensory blockade time is longer than bupivacaine 0,5% 15 mL is usedKey words: Bupivacaine, dexamethasone, duration time, epidural anesthesia, onset, sensory blockade DOI: 10.15851/jap.v3n2.577
Perbandingan Parasetamol dengan Ketorolak Intravena Sebagai Analgesia Pre-emtif terhadap Skala Nyeri Pascabedah Labioplasti pada Pasien Pediatrik Boesoirie, Muhamad Adli; Oktaliansah, Ezra; Bisri, Tatang
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Parasetamol dan ketorolak merupakan analgetik yang biasa digunakan pada tatalaksana nyeri ringan hingga sedang. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan efek analgesi pre-emtif parasetamol 20 mg/kgBB dengan ketorolak 0,5 mg/kgBB pada pasien pediatrik pascabedah labioplasti yang diukur menggunakan skala nyeri face, legs, activity, crying, consolability (FLACC). Penelitian eksperimental secara uji acak tersamar buta ganda terhadap 66 pasien pediatrik usia 6 bulan–12 tahun dengan status fisik American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) I–II. Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode Oktober 2013–Mei 2014. Pasien dibagi menjadi dua kelompok perlakuan, yaitu kelompok parasetamol (P) dan ketorolak (K) yang diberikan 15 menit prabedah. Analisis statistika diuji menggunakan uji-t independen, Mann-Whitney, dan Eksak Fisher. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa skala FLACC pada kelompok ketorolak pada jam ke-1, 2, 4, 6, dan 24 lebih rendah secara bermakna (p<0,05) dibanding dengan kelompok parasetamol. Simpulan, skala FLACC pemberian ketorolak 0,5 mg/kgBB prabedah pada pasien labioplasti lebih rendah dibanding dengan parasetamol 20 mg/kgBB.Kata kunci: Analgetik, analgesia pre-emtif, ketorolak, labioplasti, parasetamol, skala FLACCComparison between Intravenous Paracetamol and Ketorolac as Preemptive Analgesia on Postoperative Pain Scale in Pediatric Patients Undergo LabioplastyKetorolac and paracetamol are common analgetics used to treat mild to moderate pain. This study compared the efficacy of preemptive analgesia measured using face, legs, activity, crying, consolability (FLACC) scale between groups receiving 20 mg/kgBW paracetamol (P) and 0.5 mg/kgBW ketorolac (K) for pediatric labioplasty procedure. This experimental study is a are double-blind randomized trial against 66 pediatric patients aged 6 months–12 years with the physical status of the American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) I–II. The study was conducted in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung during the period of October 2013–May 2014. The P and K groups received 20 mg/kgBW paracetamol and 0.5 mg/kgBW ketorolac, respectively, 15 minutes preoperatively. Data were analyzed statistically using independent-t, Mann-Whitney, and Fischer’s Exact Test. Results showed that the difference between FLACC scale in P and K groups  was statistically significant (p<0.05). In conclution, FLACC scale in patients who received ketorolac 0.5 mg/kgBW is lower than patients who received paracetamol 20 mg/kgBW.Key words: Analgetics, FLACC scale, ketorolac, labioplasty, paracetamol, preemptive analgesia DOI: 10.15851/jap.v3n1.573
Deksametason Intravena dalam Mengurangi Insidens Nyeri Tenggorok Pascabedah Wijaya, Andi Ade; Garditya, Rama; Marsaban, Arif H. M.
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Anestesia umum dengan pipa endotrakeal digunakan untuk memberikan ventilasi tekanan positif dan mencegah aspirasi, namun penggunaannya dapat menimbulkan komplikasi nyeri tenggorok pascabedah. Penelitian ini dilakukan membandingkan efektivitas deksametason intravena dengan triamsinolon asetonid topikal dalam mengurangi nyeri tenggorok pascabedah. Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinis acak tersamar ganda yang dilakukan selama bulan Maret–April 2013 di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo pada pasien yang menjalani pembedahan dalam anestesia umum menggunakan pipa endotrakeal. Subjek dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, kelompok deksametason sebanyak 61 orang dan kelompok triamsinolon sebanyak 60 orang. Sebelum induksi, pasien dalam grup deksametason diberikan 10 mg deksametason intravena dan pasta plasebo dioleskan pada balon pipa endotrakeal. Pasien dalam grup triamsinolon diberikan 2 mL NaCl 0,9% intravena dan pasta triamsinolon asetonid dioleskan pada balon pipa endotrakeal. Skor nyeri tenggorok pascabedah dievaluasi sesaat setelah pembedahan berakhir, 2 jam dan 24 jam pascabedah. Hasil penelitian, tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna pada kedua kelompok  kejadian nyeri tenggorok pascabedah sesaat setelah pembedahan berakhir (27,9% pada kelompok A dan 18,3% pada kelompok B, p=0,214). Triamsinolon asetonid topikal memiliki efektivitas yang sama dengan deksametason intravena dalam mengurangi insidens nyeri tenggorok pascabedah.  Kata kunci:  Deksametason, intubasi endotrakeal, nyeri tenggorok pascabedah, pasta triamsinolon asetonidComparison between Topical Triamcinolone Acetonide and Intravenous Dexamethasone in Reducing Postoperative Sore Throat IncidenceTracheal intubation is often used to give positive-pressure ventilation and prevent aspiration during general anesthesia. However, the use of this airway device can cause postoperative sore throat (POST). This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of prophylactic intravenous dexamethasone and triamcinolone acetonide paste in reducing POST. This study was a double-blind randomized clinical trial conducted during April–May 2013 in Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital on patients scheduled for surgery under general anesthesia using endotracheal tube. Subjects were randomly allocated into two groups; 61 patients in dexamethasone group and 60 patients in triamcinolone group. Before induction, the dexamethasone group received 10 mg of intravenous dexamethasone and placebo paste on the endotracheal tube cuff. Triamcinolone group received 2 mL of intravenous normal saline and triamcinolone acetonide paste on the endotracheal tube cuff. POST scores were evaluated immediately after the operation, 2-hours, and 24-hours after the operation. There was no significant difference in the incidence of POST immediately after the operation between the two groups (27.9% in group dexamethasone vs 18.3% in group triamcinolone, p=0.214). Topical triamcinolone acetonide is equally effective compared to prophylactic intravenous dexamethasone in reducing the incidence of POST.  Key words: Dexamethasone, endotracheal intubation, posts operative sore throat, triamcinolone acetonide paste
Efektivitas Magnesium Sulfat 30 mg/kgBB Intravena Dibanding dengan Fentanil 2 mcg/kgBB Intravena dalam Menekan Respons Kardiovaskular pada Tindakan Laringoskopi dan Intubasi Yehezkiel, -; Wiryana, Made; Sujana, Ida Bagus Gde; Sidemen, I Gusti Putu Sukrana
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Laringoskopi dan intubasi merupakan tindakan rutin yang berisiko menyebabkan respons kardiovaskular berupa peningkatan tekanan darah dan laju denyut jantung terutama pada pasien risiko tinggi seperti kelainan jantung. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektivitas MgSO4 30 mg/kgBB intravena dibanding dengan fentanil 2 mcg/kgBB  intravena dalam menekan respons kardiovaskular pada  tindakan laringoskopi dan intubasi sehingga dapat menjadi obat altenatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara uji klinis  acak terkontrol tersamar ganda terhadap 42 pasien dengan status fisik American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) I–II yang dilakukan operasi dengan anestesi umum intubasi trakea di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar Bali pada Agustus–September 2014. Subjek dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, MgSO4 30 mg/kgBB (n=21) dan fentanil 2 mcg/kgBB (n=21) secara acak. Perubahan tekanan darah dan laju denyut jantung yang terjadi sebelum dan setelah tindakan dicatat sebagai data penelitian. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan uji repeated ANOVA, dengan p<0,05 dianggap bermakna. Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kedua kelompok perlakuan. Simpulan, pemberian MgSO4 30 mg/kgBB sama efektif dengan fentanil 2 mcg/kgBB dalam menekan respons kardiovaskular pada tindakan laringoskopi dan intubasi.Kata kunci: Fentanil, intubasi, laringoskopi, magnesium sulfat, respons kardiovaskularComparison of Intravena Magnesium Sulfate 30 mg/kgBW and Intravena Fentanil 2 mcg/kgBW  Effectiveness for Attenuating Cardiovascular Response in Laryngoscopy and Tracheal IntubationLaryngoscopy and intubation are routine actions which cause the risk of cardiovascular responses, including increased blood pressure and heart rate, especially in high-risk patients such as patients with heart disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of intravenous MgSO4 30 mg/kgBW compared to that of intravenous fentanyl 2 mcg/kgBW in reducing cardiovascular responses to laryngoscopy and intubation to assess its possibility as an alternative drug. This study was a clinical trial with randomized double-blind controlled to 42 patients with physical status of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I–II who underwent tracheal intubation under general anesthesia in Sanglah Denpasar Hospital Bali in the period of  August–September 2014. Subjects were divided into two groups, MgSO4 30 mg/kgBW (n=21) and fentanyl 2 mcg/kgBW (n=21) groups. Changes in blood pressure and heart rate that occured before and after the action were recorded as research data. Data were analyzed with repeated ANOVA test, with p<0.05 considered significant. Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the two treatment groups. it is concluded that the administration of MgSO4 30 mg/kgBW is as effective as fentanyl 2 mcg/kgBW in reducing cardiovascular responses to laryngoscopy and intubation.Key words: Cardiovascular response, fentanyl, intubation, laryngoscopy, magnesium sulfate DOI: 10.15851/jap.v3n2.574
Perbandingan Parasetamol dengan Ketorolak Intravena Sebagai Analgesia Pre-emtif terhadap Skala Nyeri Pascabedah Labioplasti pada Pasien Pediatrik Muhamad Adli Boesoirie; Ezra Oktaliansah; Tatang Bisri
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Parasetamol dan ketorolak merupakan analgetik yang biasa digunakan pada tatalaksana nyeri ringan hingga sedang. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan efek analgesi pre-emtif parasetamol 20 mg/kgBB dengan ketorolak 0,5 mg/kgBB pada pasien pediatrik pascabedah labioplasti yang diukur menggunakan skala nyeri face, legs, activity, crying, consolability (FLACC). Penelitian eksperimental secara uji acak tersamar buta ganda terhadap 66 pasien pediatrik usia 6 bulan–12 tahun dengan status fisik American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) I–II. Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode Oktober 2013–Mei 2014. Pasien dibagi menjadi dua kelompok perlakuan, yaitu kelompok parasetamol (P) dan ketorolak (K) yang diberikan 15 menit prabedah. Analisis statistika diuji menggunakan uji-t independen, Mann-Whitney, dan Eksak Fisher. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa skala FLACC pada kelompok ketorolak pada jam ke-1, 2, 4, 6, dan 24 lebih rendah secara bermakna (p<0,05) dibanding dengan kelompok parasetamol. Simpulan, skala FLACC pemberian ketorolak 0,5 mg/kgBB prabedah pada pasien labioplasti lebih rendah dibanding dengan parasetamol 20 mg/kgBB.Kata kunci: Analgetik, analgesia pre-emtif, ketorolak, labioplasti, parasetamol, skala FLACCComparison between Intravenous Paracetamol and Ketorolac as Preemptive Analgesia on Postoperative Pain Scale in Pediatric Patients Undergo LabioplastyKetorolac and paracetamol are common analgetics used to treat mild to moderate pain. This study compared the efficacy of preemptive analgesia measured using face, legs, activity, crying, consolability (FLACC) scale between groups receiving 20 mg/kgBW paracetamol (P) and 0.5 mg/kgBW ketorolac (K) for pediatric labioplasty procedure. This experimental study is a are double-blind randomized trial against 66 pediatric patients aged 6 months–12 years with the physical status of the American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) I–II. The study was conducted in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung during the period of October 2013–May 2014. The P and K groups received 20 mg/kgBW paracetamol and 0.5 mg/kgBW ketorolac, respectively, 15 minutes preoperatively. Data were analyzed statistically using independent-t, Mann-Whitney, and Fischer’s Exact Test. Results showed that the difference between FLACC scale in P and K groups  was statistically significant (p<0.05). In conclution, FLACC scale in patients who received ketorolac 0.5 mg/kgBW is lower than patients who received paracetamol 20 mg/kgBW.Key words: Analgetics, FLACC scale, ketorolac, labioplasty, paracetamol, preemptive analgesia DOI: 10.15851/jap.v3n1.573

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