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Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 23377909     EISSN : 23388463     DOI : 10.15851/jap
Core Subject : Health, Education,
Education Health Professions
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif (JAP)/Perioperative Anesthesia Journal is to publish peer-reviewed original articles in clinical research relevant to anesthesia, critical care, case report, and others. This journal is published every 4 months with 9 articles (April, August, and December) by Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung.
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Penggunaan Teknik Obat dan Permasalahan Blokade Epidural di Wilayah Jawa Barat pada Tahun 2015 Muhammad Ibnu; Dedi Fitri Yadi; Ezra Oktaliansah
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 5, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (685.823 KB) | DOI: 10.15851/jap.v5n3.1171

Abstract

Blokade epidural merupakan salah satu jenis anestesi regional yang memiliki rentang implikasi lebih luas dibanding dengan blokade spinal. Perbedaan teknik maupun rejimen obat untuk blokade epidural meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya ketertarikan di bidang anestesi regional dikarenakan teknik anestesi regional memberikan efek analgesi yang efektif tanpa memengaruhi kesadaran pasien dan meningkatkan kenyamanan pasien. Tujuan penelitian ini mencari data mengenai penggunaan, teknik, rejimen obat, dan permasalahan yang dialami oleh dokter anestesi di Jawa Barat dalam melakukan blokade epidural. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Agustus hingga September 2016 di Departemen Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner dan pendekatan cross sectional. Kuesioner dikirimkan kepada 120 dokter spesialis anestesi di Jawa Barat melalui jasa pos dan 30 kuesioner diberikan langsung kepada dokter spesialis anestesi yang bekerja di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Angka respons yang didapatkan sebesar 47,3%. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan dokter spesialis anestesi yang masih melakukan blokade epidural pada tahun 2015 sebesar 73,2%, teknik penusukan yang paling banyak dilakukan adalah pendekatan midline sebesar 73%, dan identifikasi rongga epidural paling banyak dengan pendekatan lost of resistance sebesar 80,7%. Obat anestesi lokal yang paling banyak digunakan untuk blokade epidural adalah bupivakain sebesar 95,9%. Adjuvan yang paling banyak digunakan adalah fentanil sebesar 92,3%. Permasalahan yang berkaitan dalam pelaksanaan tindakan blokade epidural pada tahun 2015 paling banyak adalah permasalahan staf di ruangan dalam membantu menangani pasien dengan epidural, yaitu sebesar 38,03%.Epidural Blockade Administration Technique and Issues in West Java in 2015Epidural blockade is one of the regional anesthesia techniques with wider implication than the spinal blockade. The techniques and drug regimens used in epidural blockade vary with the increasing interest on regional anesthesia due to its effective analgesic effect without decreasing consciousness and by increasing patients’ comfort. The purpose of this study was to explore the use, techniques, drug regimens, issues experienced by anesthesiologists in West Java in performing epidural blockade. This study was conducted from August to September 2016 at the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study using a questionnaire. Questionnaires were mailed  to 120 anesthesiologists in West Java area and 30 additional questionnaires were distributed directly to anesthesiologists working at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. The response was  47.3%. This study showed that 73.2% anesthesiologists performed epidural blockade in 2015, with 73% used the midline approach and 80.7% used the loss of resistance method to identify the epidural space. The majority used bupivacaine (95.5%) as the local anesthetics. The most frequently used adjuvant was fentanyl (95.9%). The most frequently mentioned problem associated with epidural blockade in 2015 was the lack of staff’s ability to assist the anesthesiologist in performing epidural blockade (38.03%).
Penambahan Natrium Bikarbonat 8,4% pada Lidokain 2% untuk Mengurangi Nyeri Saat Infiltrasi Anestetik Lokal Doni Arief Rahmansyah; A. Muthalib Nawawi; Erwin Pradian
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 2, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Infiltrasi anestesi lokal di daerah penyuntikan jarum epidural menggunakan lidokain menimbulkan nyeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan penambahan natrium bikarbonat 8,4% pada lidokain HCl 2% dengan perbandingan 1:10 untuk mengurangi nyeri saat infiltrasi. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juni hingga Juli 2013 di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Penelitian dilakukan dengan uji klinis acak tersamar ganda pada 44 pasien yang menjalani operasi dengan teknik anestesi epidural. Subjek dibagi 2 kelompok, kelompok eksperimen (LB) mendapatkan infiltrasi lidokain HCl 2% alkalin dengan menambahkan natrium bikarbonat 8,4% dengan perbandingan 1:10, kelompok kontrol (L) mendapatkan lidokain HCl 2%. Pada kedua kelompok dinilai numeric rating scale (NRS) saat infiltrasi lidokain HCl 2%. Hasil penelitian diuji dengan uji chi-kuadrat, uji-t, dan Uji Mann-Whitney, tingkat kepercayaan 95% dan kekuatan uji 94%, dianggap bermakna bila nilai p<0,05. Analisis statistik menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna nilai median NRS pada kelompok eksperimen dengan kelompok kontrol saat infiltrasi anestesi lokal (5 vs 3), dengan nilai rentang (3–6 vs 1–4) dengan nilai p<0,05. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah alkalinisasi lidokain HCl 2% dengan penambahan natrium bikarbonat 8,4% dengan perbandingan 1:10 mempunyai efek mengurangi nilai NRS.Kata kunci: Alkalinisasi, lidokain HCl 2%, natrium bikarbonat 8,4%Addition of 8.4% Sodium Bicarbonate to 2% Lidocaine in Reducing Pain During Local Anaesthetic InfiltrationLocal anesthetic infiltration in the area of epidural injections using lidocaine can cause pain. This research was done in June–July 2013, in Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, to determine the effectiveness of adding 8.4% sodium bicarbonate to lidocaine HCl 2 % with 1:10 ratio. This was a double-blind randomized control study involving 44 patients undergoing surgery with epidural techniques. Subjects were divided into two groups, the experimental group ( LB ) was given 2% lidocaine HCl with sodium bicarbonate 8.4% 1:10 ratio as a local anestetich while the control group (L) was given lidocaine 2%. Numeric rating scale (NRS) was assessed during infiltration. Data was analyzed using chi-squere test, t-test and Mann-Whitney Test , with 95% confidence level and 94% strength tes and considered significant if p<0.05. Statistical anaylsis showed a significant difrerence in median of NRS in the experiment compared to control group during local anaesthetic infiltration (5 versus 3), with range of 3–6 versus 1–4 with p>0.05. In conclusion, alkalinization of 2% lidocaine HCl by addition of 8.4% sodium bicarbonate with 1:10 ratio has an effect in reducing NRS.Key words: Alkalinization, lidocaine HCl 2%, sodium bicarbonate 8.4% DOI: 10.15851/jap.v2n1.234
Perbandingan Ketepatan Ukuran Classic Laryngeal Mask Airway antara Metode Berat Badan dan Lebar Lidah Abdul Rahman; Iwan Fuadi; Iwan Abdul Rachman
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 6, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (590.958 KB) | DOI: 10.15851/jap.v6n3.1338

Abstract

Classic laryngeal mask airway (CLMA) merupakan alat yang digunakan untuk manajemen jalan napas, baik  untuk pengganti ventilasi sungkup wajah maupun intubasi endotrakeal. Pemilihan ukuran yang tepat penting untuk efektivitas penggunaan CLMA. Saat ini pemilihan ukuran berdasar atas metode berat badan. Menurut sebuah studi terbaru metode pengukuran lebar lidah lebik baik daripada metode berat badan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui ketepatan ukuran CLMA antara metode berat badan dan lebar lidah yang dinilai dengan skor fiberoptik dan oropharyngeal leak pressure di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Februari 2018 menggunakan uji eksperimental analitik crossection setiap subjek mendapat dua perlakuan yang berbeda antara kedua metode. Uji statistik menggunakan uji chi-square untuk skor fiberoptik dan uji t berpasangan untuk oropharyngeal leak pressure. Hasil penelitian skor fiberoptik lebih optimal daripada metode lebar lidah. Oropharyngeal leak pressure pada metode berat badan rerata 23,00±1,732 CmH20 sedangkan metode lebar lidah rerata 19,13±1,684 CmH20. Secara statistik diperoleh nilai p<0,05. Simpulan, metode pengukuran lebar lidah adalah alternatif yang mudah dan baik dalam pemilihan ukuran CLMA pasien dewasa.Kata kunci: Classic laryngeal mask airway, pemilihan ukuran CLMA, metode berat badan, metode lebar lidahComparison of Classic Laryngeal Mask Airway Size Accuracy between Body Weight Method and Tongue width MethodClassic laryngeal mask airway (CLMA) is an airway management device that can be used to replace bag valve mask ventilation or endotracheal intubation. Choosing the right size of CLMA is important for the effectiveness of CLMA. Currently, the size of CLMA is selected based on the body weight. However, a recent study suggested that tongue width is a better indicator for size selection than the body weight. The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of CLMA size selection using the body weight method and tongue-width method. The assessment was performed using the fiberoptic score and oropharyngeal leak pressure. This was an experimental analytic cross-sectional study conducted in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in February 2018. Each subject in this study received two different treatments using the two methods. The results were analyzed using chi-square for the fiberoptic score and paired t test for the oropharyngeal leak pressure. The fiberoptic score was more optimum when tongue width method was used when compared to the weight method. The oropharyngeal leak pressure in the weight method group was 23.00±1.732 CmH20 while the pressure in the tongue-width method was 19.13±1.684 CmH20 (p value <0.05). In conclusion, the tongue width measurement is an easy and good alternative in the selecting the CLMA size in adult patients.Key words: Classic laryngeal mask airway, size selection CLMA, body weight method, tongue width method
Perbandingan Penambahan Klonidin Intratekal 15 µg dan 30 µg pada 12,5 mg Bupivakain 0,5% terhadap Kejadian Menggigil Pascaanestesi Spinal pada Seksio Sesarea Iman Muhammad Yusup Mansur; Erwin Pradian; Tatang Bisri
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 3, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Menggigil pascaanestesi spinal merupakan efek samping yang sering terjadi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan penambahan klonidin intratekal antara 15 µg dan 30 µg pada 12,5 mg bupivakain. Penelitian adalah eksperimental dengan uji klinis rancangan acak lengkap terkontrol buta tunggal pada 80 wanita yang menjalani seksio sesarea dengan anestesi spinal,  status fisik American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) II, berusia 18–42 tahun, dibagi secara random menjadi dua kelompok, kelompok I menggunakan 12,5 mg bupivakain 0,5 % dan klonidin 15 µg, sedangkan kelompok II mendapat penambahan klonidin 30 µg. Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung pada periode Oktober–Desember 2011. Perbandingan proporsi kejadian kedua kelompok dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan uji chi-kuadrat, sedangkan derajat menggigil dengan Uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kejadian menggigil pascaanestesi pada kelompok II sebanyak 2 pasien, sedangkan pada kelompok I adalah 10 pasien. Simpulan, penambahan klonidin intaratekal 30 µg pada bupivacain 0,5% untuk mencegah menggigil pascaanestesi spinal lebih baik dibandingkan dengan klonidin intratekal 15 µg. Kata kunci: Klonidin intratekal, menggigil pascaanestesi, mencegah menggigil, suhu intiComparison of  15 µg  and 30 µg Intrathecal Clonidine in 12.5 mg 0.5% Bupivacain for Post Spinal Anesthesia Shivering in Caesarean SectionAbstractShivering is a frequently experienced side effect of post-subarachnoid block. This study aimed to determine the which of 15 µg  dose and 30 µg dose of intrathecal Clonidine is better prevents Post anaesthesia shivering. The research was conducting by clinical trials of a single blind randomized controlled design. Eighty pregnant female patients with ASA physical status II, aged 18–42 years, who underwent a caesarean section were randomly divided into two groups, spinal anesthesia performed by using 12.5 0.5% mg bupivacain and 15 µg clonidine in Group I and the same dose of bupicavain but with 30 µg clonidine in group II. The incidence proportion of both groups were statistically compared using chi square test, while the degree of shivering was analyzed using Mann-Whitney test. The results showed that the characteristics of patient data and the core temperature did not statistically different between the two groups. The incidence and degree of shivering were different between the two groups,  with were 2 patients experienced shivering incidence in group II and 10 patients experienced the incidence in group I. It is concluded that the addition of intrathecal 30 µg clonidine to 0.5% bupivacain prevents post-subarachnoid spinal block shivering better than in trathecal clonidine 15 µg.   Key words: Core temperature, intrathecal clonidine post anaesthesia shivering, prevent shivering
Perbandingan Bupivakain Infiltrasi Subkutis dengan Kombinasi Bupivakain Intramuskular Rectus Abdominis dan Subkutis terhadap Mulai Pemberian dan Kebutuhan Analgetik Rescue Pascaoperasi Laparatomi Ginekologi Said Badrul Falah; Ezra Oktaliansah; Ike Sri Redjeki
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 4, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (419.802 KB) | DOI: 10.15851/jap.v4n1.747

Abstract

Penanganan nyeri pascaoperatif kurang baik akan membuat pasien trauma terhadap pembedahan dan menimbulkan komplikasi lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan pemberian bupivakain secara kombinasi intramuskular (IMSK) dan subkutis dengan pemberian subkutis saja (SK) terhadap mulai pemberian dan kebutuhan analgetik rescue pascaoperasi laparatomi ginekologi. Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung bulan September–Desember 2014 terhadap 46 wanita (18–60 tahun) status fisik American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) I–II yang menjalani pembedahan laparatomi ginekologi secara uji acak terkontrol buta ganda dalam anestesi umum. Pasien dibagi menjadi dua, yaitu 23 orang menerima bupivakain kombinasi pada otot rectus abdominis dan subkutis dan 23 orang menerima bupivakain infiltrasi subkutis saja. Penilaian skala nyeri menggunakan nilai numeric rating scale dan dilakukan pencatatan pada jam ke-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 12, dan 24 pascaoperasi. Pemberian analgetik rescue dilakukan bila nilai NRS ≥4. Data dianalisis dengan uji-t, chi-kuadrat, dan Mann-Whitney. Pada penelitian ini ditemukan waktu mulai pemberian analgetik rescue pada kelompok IMSK lebih lama (p<0,01) dan kebutuhan analgetik tambahan dalam 24 jam lebih sedikit (p<0,01) dibanding dengan kelompok SK. Simpulan, pemberian bupivakain secara kombinasi intramuskular dan subkutis lebih baik dibanding dengan pemberian subkutis saja terhadap waktu mulai pemberian dan kebutuhan analgetik rescue dalam 24 jam pascaoperasi laparatomi ginekologi.Kata kunci: Bupivakain, numeric rating scale, otot rectus abdominisComparison between Subcutis Bupivacaine Infiltration and Combined Intramuscular Rectus Abdominal and Subcutis Bupivacaine to on Total Need of Rescue Analgesics after Gynecologic LaparatomyAbstractInappropriate management of post-operative pain will cause trauma to the patient regarding the surgical experience and may possibly cause other complications. This study aimed to compare the administration of intramuscular and subcutis bupivacaine to subcutis only bupivacaine on the start and need for rescue analgesics. This study was conducted in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung during the period of September–December 2014 on 46 females aged 18–60 years old with American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) I–II who underwent gynecological laparatomy under general anesthesia. This was a randomized controlled study. Patients were dividedinto two groups of 23 patients with the first group received combination infiltration and the other received only subcutis administration. The pain scale used was the numerical rating scale measured -1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 12, and 24 hours after surgery. Rescue analgesics was given if NRS was more than 4. Data were analyzed using t-test, chi-square test, and Mann-Whitney test. Observations were performed on time span until there was a need for analgesics for the first time and additional analgesic needed in 24 hours. In this study, the time span until the first dose analgesics was needed was longer and the amount of required analgesics during 24 hours was lower in the combination group (p<0.01). In conclusion, the combination strategy has a better outcome regarding the time span to the start of rescue analgetic and 24 hours analgesic needs.Key words: Bupivacaine, numeric rating scale, abdominal recti muscle 
Scalp Nerve Block pada Kraniotomi Evakuasi Pasien Moderate Head Injury dengan Subdural Hemorrhage dan Intracerebral Hemorrhage Frontotemporoparietal Dekstra Mencegah Stress Response Selama dan Pascabedah Mariko Gunadi; - Suwarman
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 1, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Insisi kulit dan kraniotomi selama operasi intrakranial merupakan stimulus berbahaya yang dapat menghasilkan stress response yang menyebabkan peningkatan tekanan intrakranial. Scalp nerve block efektif dalam mengurangi stress response ini, selain itu juga dapat digunakan sebagai analgetik pascabedah. Seorang laki-laki usia 22 tahun dengan moderate head injury, subdural hemorrhage, dan intracerebral hemorrhage at regio fronto-temporo-parietal dextra dilakukan kraniotomi evakuasi dalam combined scalp nerve block - general anesthesia di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung pada tanggal 14 Agustus 2012. Setelah dilakukan induksi dan sebelum insisi dilakukan scalp nerve block dengan bupivakain 0,5%. Hemodinamik (tekanan darah dan denyut jantung) setelah insisi kulit dan kraniotomi, serta glukosa darah pascabedah tidak menunjukkan perubahan yang signifikan. Analgetik pascabedah baru diberikan setelah 8 jam sejak dilakukan blok. Hasil ini menunjukkan scalp nerve block menggunakan bupivakain 0,5% mampu menumpulkan stress response dan dapat digunakan sebagai analgetik pascabedah.Kata kunci: Kraniotomi evakuasi, scalp nerve block, stress responseScalp Nerve Block in Craniotomy Evacuation on a Patient with Moderate Head Injury with Subdural Hemorrhage and Right Frontotemporoparietal Intracerebral Hemorrhage Prevents Intra and Post Operative Stress ResponseAbstractSkin incision and craniotomy are recognized as an acute noxious stimulation during intracranial surgery which may result in stress response causing an increase in intracranial pressure. Scalp nerve block may be effective in reducing stress response. It can also be used to provide post-operative analgesia. A twenty two years old male with moderate head injury, subdural hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage at right fronto-temporo-parietal region underwent evacuation craniotomy with combined scalp nerve block and general anesthesia at Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung on August 14th 2012. After induction and before incision of the skin, a scalp nerve block was performed using 0.5% bupivacaine. Hemodynamic (blood pressure and heart rate) changes after incision of the skin and craniotomy were not significant, and so was post-operative blood glucose concentration. Post-operative analgetic was given eight hours after the block. The result demonstrates that scalp nerve block using 0.5% bupivacaine successfully blunts stress response and can be used as post-operative analgesia.Keywords: Craniotomy evacuation, scalp nerve block, stress response DOI: 10.15851/jap.v1n3.199
Reliabilitas dan Validitas Penilaian Skala Sedasi Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS) dan Ramsay pada Pasien Kritis dengan Ventilasi Mekanik di Ruang Perawatan Intensif - Suhandoko; Erwin Pradian; Tinni T. Maskoen
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 2, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Penggunaan secara rutin skala subjektif untuk nyeri, agitasi, dan sedasi akan mendorong penatalaksanaan yang lebih efektif pada pasien untuk mencapai titik akhir yang spesifik. Setiap metode subjektif skala sedasi harus dievaluasi dalam hal reliabilitas dan validitas. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui reliabilitas dan validitas skala Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS) dan Ramsay pada pasien kritis yang dirawat dengan ventilasi mekanik di ruang perawatan intensif. Jumlah subjek penelitian 82 pasien yang dinilai dengan skala sedasi RASS dan Ramsay setelah diberikannya obat analgesia dan sedasi. Penelitian observasional deskriptif yang dilakukan berdasarkan urutan datang pasien selama 4 bulan penelitian dari Mei–Agustus 2014. Metode Alpha Cronbach untuk menentukan reliabilitas dan Rank Spearman untuk menentukan validitas. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan Skala RASS dengan nilai reliabilitas tertinggi Alpha Cronbach (α):0,951, serta nilai validitas tertinggi dengan Rank Spearman (rs):0,743. Skala Ramsay dengan nilai reliabilitas tertinggi Alpha Cronbach (α):0,921, serta nilai validitas tertinggi dengan Rank Spearman (rs):0,922. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah skala RASS menunjukkan keandalan dan koefisien validitas lebih tinggi daripada skala Ramsay. Kata kunci: Penilaian skala sedasi, reliabilitas, validitasRichmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS) and Ramsay Assessment Reliability and Validity in Critically Ill Patients with Mechanical Ventilation Support in Intensive Care Unit Routine use of subjective scales for pain, agitation, and sedation promotes more effective patient management in order to reach specific end-points. Each subjective sedation scale method should be evaluated in terms of its reliability and validity. The purpose of this study was to fassess the reliability and validity of Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS) and Ramsay scale. Subjects were 82 (eighty two) patients assessed using RASS and Ramsay sedation scale after receiving analgesia and sedation drug. This study was an observational study with cross sectional descriptive sampling conducted in consecutive patients sampling within a period of 4 months during May–August 2014. The results of the assessment were analyzed using Alpha Cronbach to determine the reliability and Rank Spearman to test the validity. It was revealed that  RASS scale had the highest reliability value with Alpha Cronbach (α):0.951 and the highest validity with Rank Spearman (rs):0.743 while the highest reliablity value achieved using the Ramsay scale was Alpha Cronbach (α):0.921 with Rank Spearman (rs): 0.922 as the highest validity score. It is concluded, therefore, that the RASS scale shows higher reliability and validity coefficients than the Ramsay scale. Key words: Assessment sedation scale, reliability, validity DOI: 10.15851/jap.v2n3.330
Perbandingan Efek Pencegahan Magnesium Sulfat dengan Petidin Intravena terhadap Kejadian Menggigil Selama Operasi Reseksi Prostat Transuretra dengan Anestesi Spinal Mariko Gunadi; Iwan Fuadi; Tatang Bisri
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 3, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Gangguan termoregulasi berupa menggigil sering terjadi selama operasi dengan anestesi spinal. Tujuan penelitian ini membandingkan efek pencegahan kejadian menggigil selama operasi reseksi prostat transuretra dalam anestesi spinal antara MgSO4 dan petidin. Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinis acak terkontrol tersamar ganda pada 42 pasien dengan status fisik American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) II atau III, usia 60−70 tahun yang menjalani operasi reseksi prostat transuretra di kamar operasi bedah sentral Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung pada bulan Maret–September 2014. Pasien dibagi dalam kelompok MgSO4 dan kelompok  petidin. Data karakteristik, kejadian menggigil, suhu tubuh inti, monitoring tanda vital, dan efek samping dicatat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan efek pencegahan kejadian menggigil kelompok MgSO4 lebih baik dibanding dengan kelompok petidin dan kejadian menggigil di kamar operasi 4/21 vs 9/21, sedangkan di ruang pemulihan kejadian menggigil sama pada kedua kelompok (1/21). Simpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan pemberian MgSO4 intravena sebelum anestesi spinal secara klinis mengurangi kejadian menggigil selama operasi dan memiliki efek pencegahan menggigil yang lebih baik dibanding dengan petidin.Kata kunci: Anestesi spinal, menggigil, MgSO4, petidinComparison of Anti-Shivering Effect of Intravenous Magnesium Sulfate with Pethidine during Transurethral Resection of the Prostate under Spinal AnesthesiaShivering, as a result of impaired thermoregulatory, is frequent during surgery under spinal anesthesia. The purpose of this study was to compare the anti-shivering effect between intravenous MgSO4 and pethidine during transurethral resection of the prostate under spinal anesthesia.This study was a randomized double-blind controlled trial in 42 patients with American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) physical status II or III, aged 60−70 years who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate at the central operating theater of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung within March–September 2014. The patients were divided into MgSO4 group and pethidine group. Characteristics of data, the incidence of shivering, body core temperature, vital signs monitoring, and adverse events were recorded. Antishivering effect of MgSO4 was better compared to pethidine, with the incidence of shivering in operating theatre was 4/21 vs 9/21. However, in the recovery room, the incidence of shivering was the same for both groups (1/21). It is concluded that the administration of intravenous MgSO4 before spinal anesthesia clinically reduces the incidence of shivering during surgery and has a better anti-shivering effect compared to intravenous pethidine.Key words: MgSO4, pethidine, shivering, spinal anesthesia DOI: 10.15851/jap.v3n3.609
Perbandingan Efek Pemberian Eritromisin 250 mg Oral dengan Metoklopramid 10 mg Oral terhadap Jumlah dan pH Cairan Lambung pada Pasien yang Menjalani Operasi Elektif dengan Anestesi Umum Andi Mursali; Tinni T. Maskoen; Doddy Tavianto
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 5, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (557.074 KB) | DOI: 10.15851/jap.v5n1.1000

Abstract

Aspirasi pulmonal akibat isi lambung merupakan penyebab kematian yang berhubungan dengan anestesi. Eritromisin 250 mg oral dan metoklopramid 10 mg oral digunakan untuk menurunkan jumlah dan meningkatkan pH cairan lambung. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan efek eritromisin 250 mg oral dan metoklopramid 10 mg oral terhadap jumlah dan pH cairan lambung pasien yang menjalani operasi elektif dengan anestesi umum. Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinis acak buta ganda pada 42 pasien yang termasuk dalam kriteria inklusi pasien dengan American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) kelas I, usia 18–60 tahun, dijadwalkan operasi elektif dengan anestesi umum dan diintubasi di Rumah Sakit Dr Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode Agustus–September 2015. Pasien dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok 21 orang masing-masing. Kelompok A mendapatkan eritromisin 250 mg oral dan kelompok B metoklopramid 10 mg oral yang diberikan 1 jam sebelum induksi anestesi. Setelah dilakukan intubasi, cairan lambung diambil menggunakan spuit 50 mL melalui nasogastric tube (NGT) no 18, dimasukkan ke gelas ukur, diukur jumlah dan pH nya. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji Mann–Whitney. Hasil menunjukkan kelompok A didapatkan 90,5% pasien dengan jumlah cairan <25 mL, sedangkan kelompok B 57,1%, perbedaan bermakna secara statistik (p<0,014). Simpulan, eritomisin 250 mg oral lebih menurunkan jumlah dan meningkatkan pH cairan lambung dibanding dengan metoklopramid 10 mg oral pada pasien yang menjalani anestesi umum.Kata kunci: Eritromisin, jumlah cairan lambung, metoklopramid, pH cairan lambung Comparison of the Effect of 250 mg Oral Erythromycine and 10 mg Oral Metoclopramide on Gastric Fluid Volume and pH in Patients Undergoing Elective Operation in General AnesthesiaPulmonary aspiration caused by gastric contents is one of the leading causes of anesthesia-related deaths. Combination of >25 mL volume and a <2.5 pH is a high risk to lung damage. Oral Erythromycin 250 mg and Oral metoclopramide 10 mg can be used to reduce the gastric fluid volume and increase the gastric fluid pH. The purpose of this study was compare the effects between oral erythromycin 250 mg and oral metoclopramide 10 mg on the volume and pH of gastric fluid in patients undergoing elective general anesthesia. This study was a double blind randomized clinical trial on 42 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Patients were divided into 2 groups with 21 patients in each group. Group A received 250 mg of oral erythromycin and group B received 10 mg of metoclopramide, 1 hour before the induction of anesthesia.After intubation, gastric fluid was collected using a 50 mL syringe via the nasogastric tube (NGT). It was then placed in a beaker glass to have its volume and pH measured. A statistical analysis using the Mann–Whitney test was performed. In group A, 90.5% of patients were found to have gastric fluid volume <25 mL, while group B had 57.1%, in which the difference was statistically significant (p <0.014). Hence, the administration of erythromycin 250 mg orally is more effective in reducing the gastric fluid volume and increasing the gastric fluid pH compared to oral administration of etoclopramide 10 mg in patients undergoing general anesthesia.Key words: Erythromycin, gastric fluid volume, metoclopramid, gastric pH
Perbandingan antara Kombinasi Bupivakain 0,125% dan Dexmedetomidin 1 µg/Kgbb dengan Bupivakain 0,125% Melalui Blok Kaudal Terhadap Lama Analgesi Pascaoperasi Hipospadia - Sardinata; A. Muthalib Nawawi; A Himendra Wargahadibrata
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 1, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Blokade kaudal merupakan tehnik anestesi regional yang paling banyak dilakukan pada operasi anak . Berbagai obat anestetik lokal telah digunakan untuk tehnik ini. Bupivakain adalah salah satu obat anestetik lokal yang paling banyak digunakan karena memiliki lama kerja yang panjang. Dexmedetomidin adalah suatu α2 agonis yang dipergunakan sebagai adjuvant untuk memperpanjang durasi bupivakain bila diberikan melalui blokade kaudal. Untuk meningkatkan efektifitasnya maka kombinasi bupivakain dengan dexmedetomidin dalam konsentrasi dan dosis yang rendah dapat diberikan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menilai lama analgesia pascaoperasi dengan  blokade kaudal antara kombinasi  bupivakain  0,125 % ditambah  dexmedetomidin 1 µg/KgBB dan  bupivakain  0,125 % pada pasien pediatrik yang menjalani operasi hipospadia. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 30 pasien anak , status  fisik  ASA I dan II,  dan berusia 1-6 tahun yang menjalani operasi hipospadia dengan anestesi umum, yang dilakukan blokade kaudal pascaoperasi. Pasien dibagi dalam dua kelompok. Kelompok BD menggunakan kombinasi Bupivakain 0,125% dan Dexmedetomidin 1µg/KgBB ( 0,5 cc/KgBB ), dan kelompok B menggunakan Bupivakain 0,125 % ( 0,5 cc/KgBB ) sebagai kontrol. Dicatat lama analgesia pascaoperasi. Data hasil penelitian diuji dengan uji Mann-Whitney . Pada hasil penghitungan statistik, didapatkan lama analgesi pascaoperasi pada kelompok BD lebih panjang dibandingkan kelompok B dengan hasil yang sangat bermakana ( p < 0,001 ). Pada kelompok blokade kaudal yang menggunakan kombinasi bupivakain 0,125% dan dexmedetomidin 1 µg/KgBB ( BD ), menunjukkan lama analgesia yang lebih panjang dibandingkan dengan kelompok bupivakain 0,125% ( B ) yaitu [ 863,0 (36,34) menit ] terhadap  [ 378,08 (37,87) menit ]. Simpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan kombinasi Bupivakain 0,125% dan dexmedetomidin 1 µg/KgBB untuk blokade kaudal sebagai analgetik pascaoperasi hipospadia, menghasilkan lama analgesi yang lebih panjang dibandingkan dengan bupivakain  0,125% .Kata Kunci: Blokade kaudal, Hipospadia, Bupivakain, Dexmedetomidin Comparison Of A Combined 0.125% Bupivacaine 1µg/Kgbw Dexmedetomidin And A 0.125% Bupivacaine In CaudalBlockage To Analgesia Duration After  Hypospadic SurgeryCaudal  blockage is the most  frequently used regional anestesia technique in pediatric surgery.  Various local anesthetic agents have been frequently used in this technique. Bupivacaine is one of the most used local anesthetics due to its long duration of action. Dexmedetomidin is an α2agonist  that is used as adjuvant  in lengthening bupivacaine  duration when it is administered via caudal blockage. In increasing its effectiveness, the combination of bupivacaine with dexmedetomidin  in low concentrationd and low dose can be given. This study was performed to assess the postoperative analgesia duration using caudal blockage between the combined 0.125% bupivacaine-1µg/Kg BW dexmedetomidin and 0.125% bupivacaine solely in pediatric patients having hypospadic surgery. The study was applied to 30 pediatric patients with ASA I and II physical status, and  aged 1-6 years that received hypospadic surgery with general anesthesia, to whom caudal blockage applied postoperatively. The patients were divided into  two groups. One group (BD group) was treated using the combined 0.125% bupivacaine-1 µg/Kg BW dexmedetomidin (0.5 cc/kg BW), the other group (B group) was treated with 0.125% bupivacaine (0.5 cc/kb BW) as control group. Postoperative analgesia duration  was recorded. The data of the study results were assessed using Mann-Whitney test. Postoperative  analgesia duration of BD group (863.0 [36.34] minutes)  was very significantly (p<0.001) longer than that in B group (378.08 [37.87] minutes). The conclusion of this study indicated that the use of combined 0.125% bupivacaine-1 µg/Kg BW dexmedetomidin for caudal blockage as analgetic agent   after hypospadic surgery resulted longer analgesia duration than that of 0.125% bupivacaine solely.  Keywords : caudal blockage, hypospadia, bupivacaine, dexmedetomidin.DOI:  10.15851/jap.v1n1.162

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