Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (Buletin Teknik Elektro dan Informatika) ISSN: 2089-3191, e-ISSN: 2302-9285 is open to submission from scholars and experts in the wide areas of electrical, electronics, instrumentation, control, telecommunication and computer engineering from the global world. The journal publishes original papers in the field of electrical, computer and informatics engineering.
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An open double ring antenna with multiple reconfigurable feature for 5G/IoT below 6GHz applications
Duong Thi Thanh Tu;
Son Cao;
Hien Duong
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 11, No 1: February 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v11i1.3337
In this paper, we proposed a hybrid or compound reconfigurable antenna using three PIN diode switching to achieve the different types of reconfiguration: frequency and radiation pattern. Based on an open ring structure with the varied active PIN diodes, the proposed antenna radiation pattern can scan a beam along with one of five directions with the same operating frequency. Depended on the number of active PIN diodes, the antenna operating frequency also can switch to two of six bands which are 1.9 GHz, 2.4/2.6 GHz, 3.5 GHz, 5 GHz, and 5.6 GHz. All frequency bands are popular ones of wireless communication as well as 5G/IoT applications. In addition, the antenna gets a compact size of 30mm *30 mm*1.6 mm and wide bandwidth due to using the radiating shape of a double ring. All details of antenna design are optimized by CST software, and the simulation results agree well with the measurement results.
Development of regional load management system based on rural, semi urban and urban loads-a critical analysis
Ayandeep Ganguly;
Arindam Kumar Sil
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 11, No 1: February 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v11i1.3460
The sharp rise in population during the last half century has created immense pressure on the resources required for generation of energy essential to lead a comfortable and healthy lifestyle. The drive towards 100% electrification in developing countries like India has also contributed to this increase in demand. Till recently, fossil fuel was use to supply the bulk of this power. Now, the world is moving more and more towards renewable energy. This paper presents a model where several regions are combined together based on the demand profile of the regions segregated as urban, semi urban and rural along with the flexibility to schedule loads on the basis of availability of renewable energy sources within the area of the regions. The main focus is on detailed neural-networking based load forecasting and developing a load management system to manage load based on availability of distributed generation capacity and available tariff system. A solution is proposed in this paper based on a new approach to answer load management on the basis of region, population demographics and per capita energy consumption. A considerable amount of improvement to manage demand is intended to be attained and has been demonstrated in this research work.
Early faults diagnosis and severity assessment of rolling element bearings on wireless signal transfer
Ghulam Mustafa;
Shahab Khushnood
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 11, No 1: February 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v11i1.3548
Machine condition monitoring in remote locations and harsh environment where network infrastructure is not feasible, or hardwired network connectivity is not possible, wireless communications provides an alternative which also offer installation cost savings, improve reliability and quicker deployment. This paper describes the implementation of wireless sensor network (WSN) for early fault diagnosis of rolling element bearings based on signal autocorrelation technique. A low-power 2.4 GHz wireless HART transceiver, a low-cost wireless vibration transmitter, 26.76 mv/g accelerometers and a 1420 wireless gateway with AMS software was implemented. The research describes the methodology of acquiring peak values data in high frequency region. The noise was averaged out by applying four-time averaging and natural frequencies or fault frequencies of bearing elements was captured. The experimental results show that the signal autocorrelation algorithm can successfully diagnose the roller bearing faults at early stage on wireless signal transfer. As the raw data was processed before wireless transmission on analyzing unit and spectrum was transferred in JPG format on display unit, minimum power consumption has been noted. The technique provided a better alternative of wired system for real time condition monitoring of roller bearings in rotating equipment installed in remote area.
Universal cyber physical system, a prototype for predictive maintenance
Keh-Kim Kee;
Simon Lau Boung Yew;
Yun Seng Lim;
Yip Ping Ting;
Ramli Rashidi
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 11, No 1: February 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v11i1.3216
Industrial 4.0 technology of cyber-physical system enables real-time monitoring, sensing and actuating of physical machinery for predictive maintenance that replaces the conventional labor-intensive approach. This paper presents the design and development of a universal, cost-effective and internet of thing (IoT)-based proof-of-concept prototype universal cyber-physical system (UniCPS) with a cloud platform with an open and modular-based design of three-tier system architecture. The prototype demonstrates promising precision and accuracy for predictive maintenance on a pilot use case with MAPE of 3.77%, and average RMSE of 0.50. Besides, real-time visualization and detection of anomaly were also demonstrated with a cloud-based solution. The maintenance alert sent out by the actuator serves to notify the authorized personnel immediately for corrective action. As an extension to this work, a wireless sensor network can be incorporated in future work to acquire various data from diverse locations to overcome the limitations of sensor data.
Enhanced constrained local models for gender prediction
Ayah Alsarayreh;
Fatma Susilawati Mohamad
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 11, No 1: February 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v11i1.2948
Face land-marking, defined as the detection and positioning of distinctive characteristics, is a crucial goal shared by various organizations, ranging from biometric recognition to mental state comprehension. Despite its apparent simplicity, this problem has been extensively investigated because of inherent face variability and a variety of confusing variables such as posture, voice, illumination, and occlusions. In this paper, an integrated mount model is created to increase the power of constrained local models, and a ground-breaking result for feature detection is obtained using this model. Furthermore, four classifiers have been used in the level of gender prediction. The results of the experiment showed that the proposed model performs admirably.
Ide-cabe: chili varieties identification and classification system based leaf
Wiwin Suwarningsih;
Purnomo Husnul Khotimah;
Andri Fachrur Rozie;
Andria Arisal;
Dianadewi Riswantini;
Ekasari Nugraheni;
Devi Munandar;
Rinda Kirana
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 11, No 1: February 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v11i1.3276
Identifying good quality chili varieties can be done by observing their leaves. It is required for seed testing and certification processes. Currently, a manual leaf identification method is used in which human experts inspect a wide range of leaves every one to two months. An automatic method could increase the identification process. Deep learning has proven to be a prominent method for image classification. We investigate the performance of deep CNN models, as: AlexNet, VGG16, Inception-v3 and DenseNet-121; to classify chili variety. In this paper, we took images of leaves aged 10 days. A preprocessing strategy was taken to enrich the dataset and to boost the classification performance and to assess the proposed models’ quality. From this study, we acquired 12 classes of chili leaves dataset. We acquired performance accuracy ranging from 70.18% to 78.37%. Further, the classification results by DenseNet-121 obtained the highest accuracy of 78.37% and recall of 74.83%. The classifiers investigated in this study perform well despite the relatively small number of our dataset. These results encourage the application of such an approach in practice.
Performance analysis of peak signal-to-noise ratio and multipath source routing using different denoising method
Kannadhasan Suriyan;
Nagarajan Ramaingam;
Sudarmani Rajagopal;
Jeevitha Sakkarai;
Balakumar Asokan;
Manjunathan Alagarsamy
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 11, No 1: February 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v11i1.3332
The problem of denoising iris pictures for iris identification systems will be discussed, as well as a novel solution based on wavelet and median filters. Different salt and pepper extraction algorithms, as well as Gaussian and speckle noises, were used. Because diverse sounds decrease picture quality during image collection, noise reduction is even more important. To reduce sounds like salt and pepper, Gaussian, and speckle, filtering (median, wiener, bilateral, and Gaussian) and wavelet transform are utilised. Provide better results as compared to other ways. A study of several efficiency indicators such as peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and mean squared error will be used to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed technique (MSE).
A java servlet based transaction broker for internet of things edge device communications
Zainatul Yushaniza Mohamed Yusoff;
Mohamad Khairi Ishak;
Lukman AB Rahim
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 11, No 1: February 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v11i1.3455
Internet of things (IoT) technology is growing exponentially in almost every sphere of life. IoT offers several innovation capabilities and features, but they are also prone to security vulnerabilities and risks. These vulnerabilities must be studied to protect these technologies from being exploited by others. Cryptography techniques and approaches are commonly used to address and deal with security vulnerabilities. In general, the message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) is an application layer protocol vulnerable to various known and unknown security issues. One possible solution is to introduce an encryption algorithm into the MQTT communication protocol for secure transmission. This study aims to solve the security problem of IoT traffic by using a secure and lightweight communication proxy. The strategy behind this communication broker acts as a network gateway providing secure transaction keys to all IoT nodes in the network. This task uses a java servlet and elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) algorithm to generate identity encryption keys in a component-based web transaction infrastructure. This approach encrypts the data before it is sent via the MQTT protocol to secure the communication channel and raise the security device and network transactions.
Explicit kissing scene detection in cartoon using convolutional long short-term memory
Muhammad Arif Haikal Muhammad Fadzli;
Mohd Fadzil Abu Hassan;
Norazlin Ibrahim
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 11, No 1: February 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v11i1.3542
The main concern of this study is due to certain cartoon content consisting of explicit scenes such as kissing, sex, violence. That are somehow not suitable for kids and may contradict to some religions and cultures. There are some reasons the film industry does not expel the kissing scene in a cartoon movie. It is categorized as a romance sequence and love scene. These could be a double-edged weapon that will ruin an individual’s childhood through excessive exposure to explicit content. This paper proposes a deep learning-based classifier to detect the kissing scene in the cartoon by using Darknet-19 for frame-level feature extraction, while the feature aggregation in the temporal domain is using convolutional long short-term memory (conv-LSTM). This paper also has discussed a few steps related to evaluation and analysis regarding the performance of the models. Extensive experiments prove that the proposed system provides excellent results of 96.43% accuracy to detect the kissing scene in the cartoon. Due to high accuracy performance, the model is suitable to be a kissing scene filter feature in a digital video player that may able to decrease the excessive exposure to explicit content for kids.
Digital watermarking image using three-level discrete wavelet transform under attacking noise
Lita Lidyawati;
Arsyad Ramadhan Darlis;
Lucia Jambola;
Lisa Kristiana;
Rea Ramada Jayandanu
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 11, No 1: February 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v11i1.3565
The authentication, identification, and copyright protection can be obtained by constructing the digital image watermarking technique. Watermark robustness and imperceptibility account for the capability of the hidden watermark to survive the manipulation. The proposed paper is a robust algorithm for digital image watermarking with 3-level discrete wavelet transform (DWT) with some attacks method. The 3-level DWT method was used constants α=0.01 and 0.03 as a function of how depth the watermark inserts to the host image in the insertion and extraction process. The algorithm was evaluated using 8 bits per pixel (bpp) grayscale, 1024x1024 pixels for the host image, and 256x256 pixels for the watermark image. The method is also implemented some experimental with attacks such as gaussian, salt and pepper, blurring, and compression. The algorithm is relatively acceptable of good quality, achieves low-value mean squared error (MSE), high peak signals to noise ratio (PSNR), and structural similarity index metric (SSIM) value approach to 1. It is found that the highest image quality measurements by using α=0.03 with the attacking method of salt and pepper yield MSE=0.01, PSNR=45.6 dB and SSIM=0.95, respectively.