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Cropsaver : Journal of Plant Protection

cropsaver
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Published by Universitas Padjadjaran

ISSN : - EISSN : 26215756 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

The objective of the CROPSAVER Journal is to present articles containing interesting and strategic issues. This journal discusses the discussion of articles with discussion rooms in the fields of plant pests and diseases, technology for pest control, taxonomy, insect physiology, biological insects, toxicology of pesticides, settlement pests that help research, research and research.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 5 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 3, No 1 (2020)" : 5 Documents clear

Competition of biological agents of Streptomyces sp, Gliocladium sp, and Trichoderma harzianum to Fusarium oxysporum in Tomato Rhizophere Penta Suryaminarsih; Tri Mujoko
CROPSAVER Vol 3, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Fusarium oxysporum is a soil-borne fungus that attacks all stages of tomato plant from seedlings to mature plants. The disease occurrence on the tomato nursery can lead economically loss due to its fast and massive damage. Application of effective biological control agents is considered as promising control measure of the disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential competitiveness of biological agents mixture consisting of Streptomyces sp., Gliocladium sp. and T. harzianum against F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici in the rhizosphere of the tomato plant. The experiment was arranged in completely randomized design with five treatment types of agents that a single biological agents Streptomyces sp. (S), a mixture of Streptomyces sp. and Gliocladium sp. (SG), a mixture of Streptomyces sp. and T. harzianum (ST), a mixture of Streptomyces sp., Gliocladium sp., and T. harzianum (SGT) and control without biological agents. Each treatment was replicated four times and consisted of 6 plants for observation purposes destructively. Descriptive analysis conducted on the pattern of colonization of the roots competition showed a growth pattern colonization of biological agents, Streptomyces sp, Gliocladium sp, T. harzianum and F. oxysporum pathogen (SGTF) was the same growth pattern of SGF and STF, where four of the microbes grew on the same side of roots as fungal pathogens, in all parts of the root sprouts. Given biological agent Streptomyces sp, Gliocladium sp., dan Trichoderma harzianum decreased fusarium wilt diseases severity of tomato. Weight root of tomato plants was applied by biological agents was 9.2 g greater than plant without biological agents, which were 2.5 g. The observation on tomato indicated root colonization occurs, especially on the base of the stem-roots by a mixture of biological agents T. harzianum and Gliocladium sp.

The toxicity of neem (Azadirachta indica), citronella (Cymbopogon nardus), castor (Ricinus communis), and clove (Syzygium aromaticum) oil against Spodoptera frugiferda Danar Dono; Yusup Hidayat; Tarkus Suganda; Syarif Hidayat; Neneng Sri Widayani
CROPSAVER Vol 3, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

An important pest in corn plantation recently reported in Indonesia was Spodoptera frugiperda, a polyphagous pest that have a fast spread rate and caused high damage on young corn. One control that able to use is botanical insecticide. This experiment aims to determine the toxicity of neem, jatropha, clove, and citronella oil (concentrations of 0.1% and 0.05%) against S. frugiferda in corn. Tests carried out using the feeding assay or residue on corn leaves (size 5 x 5 cm). Then, the leaf treatment was given to 10 larvae of S. frugiferda (instars 2) for 48 hours. After that, the feed replaced with untreated feed. The test results showed that concentration neem oil of 0.1% caused the highest mortality of S. frugiferda. Neem oil exposure is also able to inhibit the time of larval development, reduce the percentage of feed consumption, and the weight of pupa the S. frugiferda. Other vegetable oils exposure gave lower mortality in the test insects and some treatments were not significantly different from the controls on the parameters of larval development, pupae weight, and percentage of feed consumption. Neem oils showed strong toxicity against S. frugiperda larvae with Lethal Concentration 50 (LC50) of 0.079 % (CI (95%) 0.066 – 0.095%) and LC95 of 0.338% (CI (95%) 0.024-0.567%).

EndophyticBbacteria origin of healthy rice plants produce antifungal volatile compound inhibited the growth of Pyricularia oryzae Cav., the causal agent of rice blast disease Fitri Widiantini; Fuji Hartati
CROPSAVER Vol 3, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Endophytic bacteria have been known as producers for bioactive compound in which widely used in the field of crop protection. Several isolates of endophytic bacteria have demonstrated their potential ability as biocontrol agents by inhibiting the development of major rice pathogens. However, their ability to produce bioactive compounds has not been explored. The study reported the ability of the endophytic bacteria isolates in producing antifungal volatile compounds to inhibit the growth of Pyricularia oryzae Cav., the causal agent of rice blast disease. The experiment was conducted by dual culture method using bipartite compartments in which the bacterial isolates and P. oryzae were grown separately and placed by facing to each other. The bacterial isolates were grown on ISP2 agar media, whereas P. oryzae was grown on PDA media. Nine isolates were tested for their ability in producing antifungal volatile compound. The potential of antifungal volatile compound was observed by the P. oryzae growth compared to control. Furthermore, its effect on the P. oryzae mycelia was observed under microscope. The result demonstrated that all of the tested isolates were able to produce volatile compound which were able to inhibit the growth of P. oryzae. In addition, the compounds were also causing mycelial alteration.

The Effect of Lined Circular Planting Methods of Sweet Corn (Zea mays Saccharata) on Diversity and Density of Weed Species Lutfy Ditya Cahyanti; Use Etica
CROPSAVER Vol 3, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

The objective of the research to determine the effect of row circle method on population and diversity of weed in sweet corn. This research was conducted in the Sub District of Siman, District of Siman, Ponorogo The research used a randomized block design (CBD) with 4 kinds of planting spaces included J1 = 8 plant/(60x80) cm2, J2 = 16 plant/(60x80) cm2, J3 = 12 plant/(60x80) cm2, J4 = 1 plant/(60x 80) cm2, J5 = 1 plant/ (60x80) cm2 with mowing. Each experimental unit was repeated 5 times so that there were 25 units. The observation was done on the Summed Dominance Ratio (SDR) of weeds on 21,28, 35 and 42 DAP (day after planting). Largest SDR was found in Cynodon dactylon (54,23%) followed by broadleaf grass group (Phyllanthus nirurii, 40,5%), and Sphenoclea zeylanica (34,2%). Various planting system influenced weed species diversity. The number of weed species in 1 plant/(60x80) cm2 treatment was six species and higher than 8 plant/(60x80) cm2, 16 plant/(60x80) cm2, 12 plant/(60x80) cm2 and 1 plant/(60x80) cm2 with mowing treatment which has three species.

The Effect of Chitosan in Suppressing the Development of the Sheath Blight Disease (Rhizoctonia solani Khun) on Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Okke Rosmala Dewi; Muhamad Tandi M; Umi kulsum
CROPSAVER Vol 3, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Rhizoctonia solani is a fungal disease in rice plants that can cause damage to rice plants and reduce yield by 50% -80%. This disease is difficult to control because it can survive in the soil for 2 years and spread easily. Efforts to control R. solani by using synthetic pesticides can couse negative impacts such as resistance, resurgence in plant pests. Therefore, alternative controls that are environmentally friendly and effective on target are needed. One of them is controling by using chitosan (extrct of shrimp shell waste) as a producer of antibiotics and amine (-NH2) functional groups. The purpose of this study is to obtain an effective concentration that can control and inhibit the development of Rhizoctonia solani both in vitro and in the field. The study was conducted in July 2018 - March 2019 at the Central Plant Pest Organisms Jatisari. The experiment used was a Randomized Block Design method with 8 treatments of chitosan concentration and 3 replications with a total of 24 plots. The results showed that powder of chitosan was able to supprese the growth of R solani colony and reduce diseases intensity of R. solani. The best in vitro treatment to suprpress growth of R. solani that was the concentration of 1.5%. This treatment inhibit mycelium growth by 77.37 % and sclerotia by 81.13 % while in the field experiment, it can inhibit the intensity of R. solani attacks by 9.67%.

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