cover
Article Per Year (5 Year)
All
Home Page
OAI Link
Editorial Team
Contact
Reviewer
Google Scholar
Contact Name
Baskoro Suryo Banindro
Contact Email
banindro@gmail.com
Phone
+6285641432978
Journal Mail Official
paramita@mail.unnes.ac.id
Editorial Address
Sekaran Campus, first floor in C5 building, Gunungpati, Kota Semarang,
Location
Kota semarang,
Jawa tengah
INDONESIA
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 24075825     EISSN : 24075825     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v30i2.20890
Core Subject : Humanities,
Humanities
The journal publishes writings on (1) historiography, (2) philosophy of history, (3) history of education, and (4) history educaiton. Historiography means the writing of history based on the critical examination of sources, the selection of particular details from the authentic materials in those sources, and the synthesis of those details into a narrative that stands the test of critical examination. Historiography studies cover chronologically various themes, such as local history, social history, cultural history, economic history, political history, military history, intellectual history, environmental history, and other historical studies. Philosophy of history, the study either of the historical process and its development or of the methods used by historians to understand their material. History of education is a study of the past that focuses on educational issues. These include education systems, institutions, theories, themes and other related phenomena in the past. History education includes studies of how history teaches in school or society, curriculum, educational values in events, figures, and historical heritage, media and sources of historical learning, history teachers, and studies of textbooks.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 20 Documents
 1   2 
Search results for , issue "Vol 28, No 1 (2018): PARAMITA" : 20 Documents clear
THE POSITION OF RAILWAY LINES AND RAILWAY STATIONS IN PRIANGAN URBAN SPATIAL PLANNING IN THE 19TH TO 20TH CENTURIES Falah, Miftahul; Herlina, Nina; Muhsin, Mumuh; Sofianto, Kunto
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 28, No 1 (2018): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v28i1.12414

Abstract

In relation to urban spatial planning, it is thought-provoking and substantial to study the development of railway lines and stations in Priangan in the 19th to 20th century. The issues discussed in this research are how to build a railway line when it had to pass through urban areas? And how to locate a railway station in order to be easily accessed from all corners of the city without disrupting the users of land transportation routes. To examine the issues, a historical study is conducted by employing historical method comprising heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The result of the research demonstrates that the railway line passing through the urban areas was built in the areas with hardly any settlements; and in big cities, a bridge (viaduct) was specially built for a railway line in order not to obstruct the land transportation routes. The railway line, however, was not too far from the city center, so the railway station was built in a location easily accessible from and to all the corners of the city. Dalam kaitannya dengan tata ruang kota, pembangunan jalur dan stasiun kereta api di Priangan pada abad XIX-XX penting dan menarik untuk dikaji. Permasalahannya  adalah bagaimana jalur kereta api dibangun ketika harus melewati kawasan perkotaan?, dan bagaimana penempatan stasiun kereta api sehingga dapat dijangkau dan menjangkau seluruh pelosok kota tanpa mengganggu pengguna jalur transportasi darat? Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut, dilakukan penelitian sejarah dengan menerapkan metode sejarah yang meliputi empat tahap, yakni heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jalur kereta api yang melewati kawasan perkotaan dibangun di kawasan yang masih jarang pemukiman dan di kota besar dibuatkan jembatan (viaduct) sehingga tidak mengganggu jalur transportasi darat. Namun demikian, jalur tersebut tidak terlalu jauh dari pusat kota sehingga stasiun kereta api dibangun di suatu lokasi agar dengan mudah dapat dijangkau dari dan ke pelosok kota.
CITY AND ‘COLONIAL GOVERNANCE’ IN LATE COLONIAL INDONESIA: TOWARDS AN AGENDA FOR HISTORICAL RESEARCH Wahid, Abdul
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 28, No 1 (2018): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v28i1.10172

Abstract

Urban history is a rich and challenging field of study, which is relatively new in Indonesia. In last decade, a body of literature have been produced which examine various aspects of Indonesian urban history of the colonial period. Yet, there are still many other aspects of Indonesian urban history that is still relatively unexplored and needs further research. One of them is that the concerns with the city management, institutional arrangement, and administrative system in general. These aspects are very important to be known not only to understand how cities were governed at the time, but also to see the continuity of their legacies in the subsequent period. Indonesian cities today inherit many kinds of institutional legacies, particularly from the colonial period. Through an extensive literature overview, this paper seeks to discuss several main aspects of city management system of urban Indonesia in late colonial period, based on which it proposes some important research agenda that needs to be carried out to complement our historical comprehension on Indonesian urban history. Sejarah perkotaan merupakan sebuah tema kajian yang relatif baru berkembang di Indonesia yang cukup kaya dan menantang. Dalam dekade terakhir, sejumlah besar studi telah dihasilkan mengkaji sejumlah aspek sejarah perkotaan di Indonesia masa kolonial. Namun demikian, masih banyak aspek lainnya dari sejarah perkotaan Indonesia yang belum di-sentuh dan membutuhkan kajian lebih lanjut. Di antaranya adalah berkenaan dengan tata kelola perkotaan, tata kelembagaan, dan sistem administrasi perkotaan secara keseluruhan. Aspek-aspek tersebut sangat penting dikaji selain untuk mengetahui sejarah penge-lolaan kota pada waktu itu, juga untuk melihat kesinambungan warisannya pada periode berikutnya. Kota-kota di Indonesia dewasa ini memiliki banyak sekali warisan kelembagaan, terutama dari periode kolonial. Melalui studi literatur yang ekstensif, paper ini membahas berbagai aspek penting dari sistem pengelolaan perkotaan Indonesia pada masa kolonial, dan kemudian mengusulkan berbagai agenda penelitian penting yang bisa dilakukan untuk melengkapi pemahaman historis tentang sejarah perkotaan Indonesia. 
PEASANT ECONOMY IN MALAYSIA: THE ADVENT OF CAPITALISM AND THE EXPANSION OF MONEY ECONOMY INTO AGRICULTURE IN COLONIAL MALAYA Abdullah, A Rahman Tang; Hamid, Fazli Abd
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 28, No 1 (2018): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v28i1.13921

Abstract

This paper examines the advent of capitalism in rural economy by using the commercialization of the peasant economy in colonial Malaya period. It reflects the historical development with reference to the increase of money economy within the society who was mostly the peasants. It means that mostly all means of transaction exchanges were increasingly conducted in monetary form. Following this pattern, this phenomenon is applied to the years between 1850 and 1941 in Malaya as it was signified by the transition from traditional to modern orientation in the economic aspects of the Malay society with special attention to peasant community. Such economic changes that were manifested by the increase of money economy can be seen in a labour utilization and the change in land ownership, the commercial orientation in paddy cultivation, agricultural credit facilities and the penetration of commercialism in the Malay society as a whole.  Makalah ini meneliti kemunculan kapitalisme dalam ekonomi pedesaan dengan menggunakan komersialisasi ekonomi petani pada masa kolonial Malaya. Ini men-cerminkan perkembangan historis dengan mengacu pada peningkatan ekonomi uang di masyarakat yang kebanyakan adalah petani. Artinya, kebanyakan sarana pertukaran transaksi semakin banyak dilakukan dalam bentuk moneter. Mengikuti pola ini, fenomena ini diterapkan pada tahun-tahun antara tahun 1850 dan 1941 di Malaya karena ditandai dengan transisi dari orientasi tradisional ke modern dalam aspek ekonomi masyarakat Melayu dengan perhatian khusus pada masyarakat petani. Perubahan ekonomi seperti itu yang dimanifestasikan oleh peningkatan ekonomi uang dapat dilihat pada pemanfaatan tenaga kerja dan perubahan kepemilikan tanah, orientasi komersial dalam penanaman padi, fasilitas kredit pertanian dan penetrasi komersialisme dalam masyarakat Melayu secara keseluruhan. 
THE COLONIZATION TRIAL POLICY IN GEDONG TATAAN, LAMPUNG IN 1905-1917 Padmo, Sudarno
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 28, No 1 (2018): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v28i1.10916

Abstract

The problem of colonization policy in Gedong Tataan (South Sumatera) made the main theme in this research is to know one part of Dutch colonial politics in the Dutch East Indies in the modern imperative era in the first half of the 20th century. The policy is an implementation of one of the ethical political programs, namely: the emigration proclaimed by the Dutch in 1901, which would implicitly be used for the welfare of the Indies population. However, in practice, the colonization was then politicized by the Dutch who conspired with the private capitalists, to expand the exploitation of natural resources and labor to the Outer Islands region. Since the problem of this research has taken place in the past, the archives of the Dutch colonial archives, books, journals and newspapers related to the theme of this research are used as sources in this dissertation; and the analysis of this study uses a critical historical method in order to obtain a reconstruction of the history of colonization that is close to the truth. In conclusion, the policy of colonization in Gedong Tataan was the Dutch colonial ambition or politics to improve the welfare of the native population, and as a pioneer for the procurement of labor or private capital of the capitalist plantations outer Java.   Kajian tentang kebijakan kolonisasi di Gedong Tataan (wilayah Sumatera Selatan) bertujuan untuk mengetahui salah satu bagian dari politik kolonial Belanda di Hindia Belanda di jaman imperliasme modern pada paruh pertama abad ke-20. Kebijakan itu merupakan suatu implementasi dari salah satu program politik etis, yaitu: emigrasi yang dicanangkan oleh Belanda pada tahun 1901, yang secara implisit akan digunakan untuk kesejahteraan penduduk bumiputera Hindia Belanda. Akan tetapi, di dalam praktiknya kolonisasi itu kemudian dipolitisasi oleh Belanda yang berkonspirasi dengan para pemilik modal swasta (kapitalis), untuk memperluas eksploitasi sumber daya alam dan tenaga kerja ke daerah kepulauan di Luar Jawa. Oleh karena, masalah penelitian ini telah terjadi di masa lampau, maka bahan-bahan arsip kolonial Belanda, buku, jurnal, dan surat kabar yang terkait dengan tema digunakan sebagai sumber dalam penelitian ini. Analisis penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah kritis agar dapat diperoleh rekonstruksi sejarah kolonisasi yang mendekati dengan kebenaran. Sebagai kesim-pulan, bahwa kebijakan kolonisasi di Gedong Tataan itu merupakan ambisi atau politik kolonial Belanda untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan penduduk bumiputera, dan sebagai pionir untuk pengadaan tenaga kerja atau kuli-kuli perkebunan swasta kaum kapitalis di Luar Jawa. 
ETHNICITY AND NATIONALISM: SIPATAHOENAN NEWSPAPER’S VIEWS ON THE NATIONALIST MOVEMENTS IN THE DUTCH EAST INDIES Mulyana, Agus; Darmawan, Wawan; Kurniawati, Yeni
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 28, No 1 (2018): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v28i1.13924

Abstract

This research examines the texts in Sipatahoenan newspaper published by the national movement organization of Paguyuban Pasundan of Tasikmalaya Branch. The focus of the research is how the narrations in Sipatahoenan newspaper show the attitudes towards national issues. The attitudes are worth studying because Paguyuban Pasundan is a national movement organization based on regionalism or ethnicity. The research adopted the historical methodology because it uses historical sources in the form of a newspaper published in the past. The analysis employed critical discourse analysis, postulating that a text is constructed by the elements of ideologies. The ideology here refers to how Sipatahoenan as the newspaper of a national movement organization shows ethnic and nationalist ideologies in addressing some events related to nationalist movements. Penelitian ini mengkaji teks koran Sipatahoenan yang diterbitkan oleh organisasi pergerakan kebangsaan Paguyuban Pasundan Cabang Tasikmalaya. Hal yang akan dikaji adalah bagaimana narasi dalam koran Sipatahonen mengandung sikap terhadap isu-isu kebangsaan. Sikap ini menarik dikaji karena Paguyuban Pasundan merupakan organisasi pergerakan kebangsaan yang memiliki dasar kedaerahan atau etnisitas.Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metodologi sejarah karena menggunakan sumber sejarah berupa koran yang terbit di masa lalu. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis wacana kritis yang menjelaskan bahwa suatu teks dikonstruksi oleh unsur ideologi yang membuat teks tersebut. Ideologi yang dimaksud dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana koran Sipatahoenan sebagai koran organisasi pergerakan kebangsaan memiliki unsur ideologi etnik dan nasionalis dalam mensikapi beberapa peristiwa yang berkenaan dengan pergerakan kebangsaan. 
BRITISH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE AND THE COMPETITION AGAINST GERMAN BUSINESS ACTIVITIES IN THE NETHERLANDS INDIES Mulyasari, Prima Nurahmi
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 28, No 1 (2018): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v28i1.11410

Abstract

After World War I German business activities in Netherlands Indies became a seriously earnest threat according to British Chamber of Commerce because the British firms were anxious that this would menace their market in the Dutch colony. In their publications during 1920-1923, the features and editorial comments of Netherlands Indies Review frequently exposed the rivalry between Britain and Germany. The approach of this paper is business history that narrates to what extent the commercial competition happened between the two industrial countries as it was shown by the Netherlands Indies Review, a monthly journal issued by the British Chamber of Commerce. Eventually, the British Chamber of Commerce concluded that Germany’s efforts to strengthen her commercial position in Netherlands Indies after the Great War was not meeting with any success. Pasca Perang Dunia I aktivitas-aktivitas bisnis Jerman di Hindia Belanda menjadi ancaman serius menurut Kamar Dagang Inggris dikarenakan Inggris cemas bahwa mereka akan mengancam distribusi produk-produk industri Inggris di koloni Belanda tersebut. Dalam publikasi Netherlands Indies Review pada kurun waktu 1920-1923 berbagai berita editorial yang dimuat oleh jurnal milik Kamar Dagang Inggris ini sering mengulas persaingan bisnis yang sengit antara Inggris dan Jerman. Pendekatan dalam makalah ini adalah sejarah bisnis yang bertujuan untuk menarasikan sejauhmana persaingan bisnis antara kedua negara industri ini sebagaimana dipublikasikan oleh Netherlands Indies Reviews. Kamar dagang Inggris kemudian menyimpulkan bahwa upaya Jerman untuk memperkuat posisi komersialnya di Hindia Belanda setelah Perang Dunia I tidak berjalan dengan sukses. 
BANYUMAS 1571-1937 Priyadi, Sugeng
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 28, No 1 (2018): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v28i1.13925

Abstract

Banyumas was not a village which grew to become a city, but built directly into a city in the sixteenth century by Adipati (regent) Mrapat. Banyumas as a new center of power was the binary opposition of the toponym Toyareka after its moving from Wirasaba. Back then, Banyumas was inhabited merely by its regents until the beginning of eigthteenth century. The center was then moved again reastward to what it currently known as the old Banyumas and remained there until 1937. The Regent Sudjiman Mertadiredja Gandasubrata then moved the capital of both Banyumas Residency and Regency to Purwokerto, leaving Banyumas - once the biggest city in the residency, just as a capital of a kawedanan or kecamatan (municipality). Banyumas bukanlah sebuah desa yang tumbuh menjadi kota, namun dibangun langsung ke sebuah kota pada abad keenam belas oleh Adapati (bupati) Mrapat. Banyumas sebagai pusat kekuatan baru adalah oposisi biner toponim Toyareka setelah pindah dari Wirasaba. Saat itu, Banyumas hanya dihuni oleh bupati sampai awal abad ke-19. Pusat itu kemudian dipindahkan kembali ke tempat yang sekarang dikenal sebagai Banyumas tua dan tetap di sana sampai tahun 1937. Bupati Sudjiman Mertadiredja Gandasubrata kemudian memindahkan ibu kota Karesidenan dan Kabupaten Banyumas ke Purwokerto, meninggalkan Banyumas - yang pernah menjadi kota terbesar di kediaman , sama seperti ibu kota kawedanan atau kecamatan (kotamadya). 
SIAM CITRUS MARKETING ANNEXATION HISTORY IN SAMBAS Sudrajat, Jajat
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 28, No 1 (2018): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v28i1.9420

Abstract

 Up to the present, the factors underlying the need for direct interventions from the government in Siam citrus market in Sambas regency still raise many questions. Therefore, this study is intended to analyze some moments in the dynamic history of Siam citrus farming and also to investigate some paradigms which affect them. This study used an agriculture development historical approach. This study found three periods in the dynamic history of Siam citrus farming in Sambas. They were marketing domination period by the middlemen during 1950s-1990, marketing domination period by the company during 1991- 1997, and recovery period from 2000 to present. Siam citrus farming achieved its prosperity and showed the sustainability aspect when it was organized by the middlemen. Unfortunately, this farming lost ground after its marketing was intervened directly by the government having appointed a private company as a marketing coordinator. This investigation also found at least three paradigms underlying the need for direct government intervention to regulate the Siam citrus market. They were the existence of a negative view (stereotypes) about middlemen, the drives to apply a core-satellite pattern in the marketing of agricultural products, and the spirit to develop cooperatives as a supporting institution of agricultural development.Hingga saat ini, faktor yang mendasari perlunya intervensi langsung pemerintah ke dalam pasar jeruk Siam di Kabupaten Sambas masih memunculkan banyak pertanyaan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk menganalisis beberapa momentum dalam dinamika sejarah usahatani jeruk Siam, dan juga menganalisis beberapa paradigma yang memengaruhinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sejarah pembangunan pertanian. Studi ini menemukan tiga tonggak dalam dinamika sejarah usahatani jeruk Siam di Sambas, yaitu periode penguasaan pemasaran oleh pedagang pengumpul: 1950an-1990, periode penguasaan pemasaran oleh perusahaan: 1991-1997, dan periode pemulihan: 2000-sekarang. Usahatani jeruk Siam mencapai kejayaan dan menunjukkan aspek keberlanjutan ketika diorganisir oleh pedagang pengumpul. Sayangnya, usahatani ini kemudian mengalami periode kehancuran setelah pemasarannya diintervensi langsung pemerintah dengan menunjuk perusahaan swasta sebagai koordinatornya. Penelaahan menemukan sekurang-kurangnya ada tiga paradigma yang mendasari perlunya intervensi langsung pemerintah mengatur pemasaran jeruk Siam, yaitu adanya pandangan negatif terhadap pedagang pengumpul, terdorong untuk menerapkan pola inti-plasma dalam pemasaran hasil pertanian, dan semangat menjadikan koperasi sebagai lembaga pendukung pembangunan pertanian.  
WAYANG SULUH AS A LEARNING MEDIA IN TEACHING HISTORY IN HIGH SCHOOL Utomo, Cahyo Budi; Amin, Syaiful; Ria, Tiara Nove
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 28, No 1 (2018): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v28i1.13926

Abstract

There is no doubt that in the process of learning history in schools, the role of the media is very important and strategic. Many media can be developed by utilizing what is already around the community, one of which is wayang suluh. Utilizing wayang suluh as historical learning media is expected to optimize the process and the learning result of history. It also can introduce their own culture that contains the value of wisdom in learners. Based on field studies, the need for alternative media learning history is quite high (87.5%). Most (75%) of the research respondents were very enthusiastic with the concept of learning media of wayang suluh. It is believed that the concept of wayang suluh makes learning more interactive because it involves all class participants to interact. Based on the results of the feasibility test (validation) by media and material experts, with the suggested improvements and additions, the puppet as a medium of learning history, declared good or feasible to be used as a medium of learning history in high school . Tidak ada keraguan bahwa dalam proses belajar sejarah di sekolah, peran media sangat penting dan strategis. Banyak media dapat dikembangkan dengan memanfaatkan apa yang sudah ada di sekitar masyarakat, salah satunya adalah wayang suluh. Pemanfaatan wayang suluh sebagai media pembelajaran sejarah diharapkan bisa mengoptimalkan proses dan hasil belajar sejarah. Ini juga bisa mengenalkan budaya mereka sendiri yang berisi nilai kebijaksanaan pada peserta didik. Berdasarkan studi lapangan, kebutuhan akan pembelajaran media pembelajaran alternatif cukup tinggi (87,5%). Sebagian besar (75%) responden penelitian sangat antusias dengan konsep media pembelajaran wayang suluh. Diyakini bahwa konsep wayang suluh membuat belajar lebih interaktif karena melibatkan semua peserta kelas untuk berinteraksi. Berdasarkan hasil uji kelayakan (validasi) oleh pakar media dan material, dengan saran perbaikan dan penambahan, wayang sebagai media pembelajaran sejarah, dinyatakan baik atau layak dijadikan media pembelajaran sejarah di SMA. 
THE HIGHWAY AND ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT A HISTORICAL STUDY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMICAL KNOTS AT THE NORTH COASTAL OF JAVA (PANTURA) IN 1930S - 1980S Hartatik, Endah Sri
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 28, No 1 (2018): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v28i1.13243

Abstract

This article analyze the relationship between Pantura (the north coastal) highway in Central Java and the economy development society in those areas at the Dutch Colonial era. The Dutch Colonial on the land transportation, especially in highway could open an opportunity for the development of industries sector. In the north coastal of Java, some cities emerged, such as Semarang, Pekalongan and Kudus. Those industrial cities became a magnet for urban people to appear. They came to those cities for venturing as industrial laborers, construction workers, blue-collar workers, such as housemaids, porters in terminal, market and harbor. The better highway, the increase of factory production, and the provided workers led the cities from Tegal to Semarang being the developed cities which never slept for 24 hours because they were a main road of goods transportation from the producers to the consumers. Thus, this condition caused an adequate high mobility in the areas. Artikel ini menganalisis hubungan antara jalan raya Pantura (pesisir utara) di Jawa Tengah dan masyarakat pengembangan ekonomi di daerah-daerah di era Kolonial Belanda. Kolonial Belanda pada transportasi darat, terutama di jalan raya bisa membuka peluang bagi pengembangan sektor industri. Di pesisir utara Jawa, beberapa kota muncul, seperti Semarang, Pekalongan dan Kudus. Kota-kota industri tersebut menjadi magnet bagi masyarakat urban untuk tampil. Mereka datang ke kota-kota tersebut untuk menjelajah sebagai buruh industri, pekerja konstruksi, pekerja kerah biru, seperti pembantu rumah tangga, kuli di terminal, pasar dan pelabuhan. Jalan raya yang lebih baik, peningkatan produksi pabrik, dan pekerja yang diberikan membawa kota-kota dari Tegal ke Semarang menjadi kota maju yang tidak pernah tidur selama 24 jam karena merupakan jalur utama transportasi barang dari produsen ke konsumen. Dengan demikian, kondisi ini menyebabkan mobilitas tinggi memadai di daerah. 

Page 1 of 2 | Total Record : 20

 1   2 

Filter by Year

2018 2018


Reset
Filter By Issues
All Issue Vol 34, No 2 (2024): Disaster and Disease in History Vol 34, No 1 (2024): The Election and Political History Vol 33, No 2 (2023): History and Tragedy Vol 33, No 1 (2023): Social and Religious Aspect in History Vol 32, No 2 (2022): Social, Political, and Economic History Vol 32, No 1 (2022): Local Figure and Local History Vol 31, No 2 (2021): History of Asia and Indonesia Vol 31, No 1 (2021): Maritime and Socio-Economic History of Indonesia Vol 30, No 2 (2020): PARAMITA Vol 30, No 1 (2020): PARAMITA Vol 29, No 2 (2019): PARAMITA Vol 29, No 1 (2019): PARAMITA Vol 28, No 2 (2018): PARAMITA Vol 28, No 1 (2018): PARAMITA Vol 27, No 2 (2017): PARAMITA Vol 27, No 1 (2017): PARAMITA Vol 27, No 1 (2017): PARAMITA Vol 26, No 2 (2016): PARAMITA Vol 26, No 2 (2016): PARAMITA Vol 26, No 1 (2016): PARAMITA Vol 26, No 1 (2016): PARAMITA Vol 25, No 2 (2015): PARAMITA Vol 25, No 2 (2015): PARAMITA Vol 25, No 1 (2015): PARAMITA Vol 25, No 1 (2015): PARAMITA Vol 24, No 2 (2014): PARAMITA Vol 24, No 2 (2014): PARAMITA Vol 24, No 1 (2014): PARAMITA Vol 24, No 1 (2014): PARAMITA Vol 23, No 2 (2013): PARAMITA Vol 23, No 2 (2013): PARAMITA Vol 23, No 1 (2013): PARAMITA Vol 23, No 1 (2013): PARAMITA Vol 22, No 2 (2012): PARAMITA Vol 22, No 2 (2012): PARAMITA Vol 22, No 1 (2012) Vol 22, No 1 (2012): PARAMITA Vol 22, No 1 (2012): PARAMITA Vol 21, No 2 (2011) Vol 21, No 2 (2011) Vol 21, No 1 (2011) Vol 21, No 1 (2011) Vol 20, No 2 (2010) Vol 20, No 2 (2010) Vol 20, No 1 (2010) Vol 20, No 1 (2010) More Issue