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INDONESIA
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat
ISSN : 18581196     EISSN : 23553596     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
KEMAS Journal: Research Study in Public Health publishes the article based on research or equivalent to research results in public health or other disciplines related to public health that has not been loaded/published by other media. The journal contains articles about epidemiology and biostatistics, health policy and administration, public health nutrition, environmental health, occupational health and safety, health promotion, reproductive health, maternal and child health, and other related articles in public health. The journal can be used by health practitioners, health caregivers, teachers, medical students, and people who are interested in public health issues. The journal was first published in July 2005 and subsequently published twice a year, in July and January. KEMAS Journal is a peer review journal and can be accessed in http://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/index.php/kemas. Semarang State University (Unnes) is a leading university in Indonesia with the vision to become a world-class conservation university. The conservation vision is closely related to the study of public health sciences. Unnes also published high quality e-journal from various disciplines, integrated, and managed through Open Access Journals that can be accessed in http://journal.unnes.ac.id. The IAKMI (Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia/The Association of Indonesian Public Health Expert) is a non-profit membership association dedicated to advance public health as a scientific discipline and profession that serves public good for Indonesia and humanity.
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Articles 1,403 Documents
Development of School Reproductive Health Education Index Model (Indeks Pendidikan Kesehatan Reproduksi Sekolah / IPKPRS)
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 16, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v16i1.25162

Abstract

One of the important health issues to be on the agenda of health promotion in schools is reproductive health. The results of the Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2018 showed that nationally as many as 65.2% of the population had less knowledge about HIV/AIDS. This indicates that Indonesia is faced with the problem of low reproductive health literacy of school residents. The RD design is used to develop the School Reproductive Health Education Index (IPKRS) instrument. RD is carried out in 3 stages, namely: 1) determination of IPKRS dimensions and parameters by the focus group discussion (FGD) method; 2) Preparation, consultation and revision of the IPKRS model through experts judgment by the Delphy method; 3) Testing the validity of IPKRS by experts. The results shows that there are 4 dimensions of IPKRS, namely 1) the knowledge of school residents; 2) curriculum; 3) infrastructure; 4) institutional. The four dimensions are described in 13 IPKRS parameters. The validity test results shows all IPKRS parameters proved to be valid (Aiken’s coefficient V value for each item ≥ 0.92). The findings of the IPKRS model need to be followed up by implementing in schools within the framework of mapping the quality of school reproductive health education.
RELAKSASI OTOT PROGRESIF TERHADAP STRES PSIKOLOGIS DAN PERILAKU PERAWATAN DIRI PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 10, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v10i2.3374

Abstract

Penderita DM tipe 2 sering mengalami stres berkaitan dengan terapi yang harus dijalani. Pengalaman stres sebelum dan selama terapi berpengaruh terhadap perilaku perawatan diri. Relaksasi otot progresif merupakan salah satu manajemen stres. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan pengaruh relaksasi otot progresif terhadap stres psikologis dan perilaku perawatan diri pada pasien DM Tipe 2 ang dilakukan pada tahun 2014. Desain penelitian ini kuasi eksperimen dengan pre-test dan post-test. Jumlah sampel 30 responden yang terdiri dari kelompok 14 orang kelompok perlakuan dan 16 orang kelompok kontrol. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purpossive sampling. Analisa data khusus menggunakan  Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test dan Mann-Whitney U Test. Berdasarkan Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test  untuk menguji pre-test dan post-test pada kelompok perlakuan didapatkan hasil stres psikologis p=0,014 (p0,05) dan perilaku perawatan diri p=0,003 (p0,05). Mann-Whitney U Test pada post-test kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol didapatkan hasil stres psikologis p=0,035 (p0,05) dan perilaku perawatan diri p=0,058 (p0,05) Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini: ada pengaruh relaksasi otot progresif terhadap penurunan stres psikologis pada pasien DM tipe 2 dan tidak ada pengaruh relaksasi otot progresif terhadap perilaku perawatan diri pada pasien DM tipe 2. Penelitian lebih lanjut post-test perilaku perawatan diri perlu dilakukan dengan selang waktu yang lebih lama dibandingkan dengan stres psikologis. Patients with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus often have stress experience related to diabetes therapy. Stress experience before and during therapy affects self-care behaviors. Progressive muscle relaxation is one of stress management. The purpose of this study is to clarify the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on the psychological stress and self-care behavior in patients with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus in 2014. The research design was quasy-experiment with pre-test and post-test design. Total sample was 30 respondents consisting of 14 people in treatment group and 16 people in control group recruited by purpossive sampling. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test test and Mann-Whitney U Test. The result showed in the experimental group of psychological stress p=0.014 (p0,05) and self-care behavior of p=0,003 (p0,05). Mann-Whitney U test to post-test treatment and control groups showed psychological stress p=0,035 (p0,05) and self-care behavior of p=0,058 (p0,05).  It is concluded that there was an effect of progressive muscle relaxation on reducing psychological stress in patients with type 2 diabetes and no effect of progressive muscle relaxation on self-care behavior in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Further research about self-care behaviors post-test needs to be done at longer intervals than the psychological stress.
KEPATUHAN DIIT PASIEN HIPERTENSI
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 9, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v9i1.2836

Abstract

Hipertensi merupakan penyakit degeneratif yang munculnya tidak disadari. Faktorpenyebab hipertensi dapat terjadi karena keturunan, umur, pola makan yang salah,aktifi tas yang kurang, gaya hidup dan pikiran atau stres. Kepatuhan diit adalah suatuaturan perilaku yang disarankan oleh perawat, dokter atau tenaga kesehatan. Tujuanpenelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhandiit pasien hipertensi (studi pada pasien rawat jalan di Rumah Sakit Islam SultanAgung Semarang). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian explanation research denganpendekatan secara cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien diithipertensi rawat jalan di Rumah Sakit Islam Sultan Agung Semarang. Sampel berjumlah24 pasien. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji ChiSquare dengan nilai signifi kansi alpha 5% (= 0,05) dengan uji fi sher sebagai alternatifnya.Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah adanya hubungan antara tingkat pendidikan, tingkatpengetahuan, peran keluarga, peran petugas kesehatan dengan kepatuhan diit pasienhipertensi dan tidak ada hubungan antara umur, jenis kelamin, pekerjaan dengankepatuhan diit pasien. Hypertension is a degenerative disease emergence is not realized. Factors causinghypertension may occur because of heredity, age, wrong diet, less activity, lifestyle, andmind or stress. Dietary obidience is a conduct that suggested by the nurse, doctors orhealth workers. Th e objective of this research were to know the factors correlated to dietaryobedience of hypertension patients. Th is research was explanatory research with crosssectional approach. Population in this research was diit hypertensive patients. Sample was24 patients. Th e data were analyzed univariantly and bivariantly using Chi-Square orfi sher as an alternative test. Th e conclusion of this research is that there was a signifi cantcorrelations between the level of education, the level of knowledge, the role of the family,the role of health workers with dietary obedience of hypertension patients and there wasn’tcorrelation between age, gender, occupation with dietary obedience of hypertension patients.
PENDIDIKAN GIZI DENGAN MEDIA BOOKLET TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN GIZI
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 7, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v7i2.2808

Abstract

Pendidikan gizi pada anak anemia di sekolah dasar diberikan dengan harapan pengetahuan gizi dan pola makan anak akan berubah sehingga asupan makan terutama asupan besi dan kadar hemoglobin anak akan meningkat. Masalah penelitian adalah bagaimanakah efek pendidikan gizi terhadap perubahan pengetahuan gizi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari efek pendidikan gizi terhadap perubahan pengetahuan gizi anak sekolah dasar yang anemia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasy experiment dengan rancangan pretest post-test control group. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 36 sampel. Pendidikan gizi secara komprehensif dengan alat bantu booklet pada anak, orang tua, dan guru kelas. Pendidikan gizi pada anak diberikan dua minggu sekali, sedangkan pada guru kelas dan orang tua diberikan empat minggu sekali dalam 12 minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengetahuan gizi pada sampel mengalami peningkatan (17,44 point). Secara statistik ada perbedaan bermakna pengetahuan gizi anak SD yang anemia sebelum dan sesudah intervensi (p=0,0001). Simpulan penelitian adalah pendidikan gizi efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan gizi.Nutrition education for anemia children in primary schools was given in the hope that their nutrition knowledge and dietary intake will change, so iron intake and hemoglobin levels of children will increase. The research problem was how the effects of nutrition education on nutrition knowledge change. This purpose was to know the effects of nutrition education on nutrition knowledge change of elementary school anemic children. This research was quasy experiment with a pretest posttest control group. The study was conducted on 36 samples. Nutrition education in a comprehensive booklet aids in children, parents, and teachers. Nutrition education in children given once every two weeks, while the classroom teachers and parents were given every four weeks in 12 weeks. The results showed knowledge of nutrition in the sample increased (17.44 points). There was significant differences in nutrition knowledge of elementary school anemic children before and after intervention (p=0.0001). Conclusion, nutritional education was effective to improving nutrition knowledge.
Serum Homocysteine Level and Ankle-Brachial Index in Peripheral Arterial Disease
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 15, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v15i3.22261

Abstract

Patients with peripheral arterial disease have a higher risk of death compared to normal populations. There are several relatively new risk factors significantly increase the vulnerability to suffering from peripheral arterial disease, one of which is homocysteine. Studies investigating the role of serum homocysteine level as a biomarker of the severity of peripheral arterial disease based on an ankle-brachial index (ABI) in the different populations were still limited and it was never been studied in Mataram. This was a cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the correlation between serum homocysteine level and ABI in 77 peripheral artery disease (PAD) outpatients in Siti Hajar Hospital, Mataram. The diagnosis of PAD was based on ABI0.9. Fasting serum homocysteine level was examined using the ELISA technique. Characteristic data collected were gender, age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and body mass index (BMI) category. There was a significant correlation between the increase of serum homocysteine levels and the decrease of ABI. The main risk factors for peripheral arterial disease in the subjects are hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and overweight/obesity. Serum homocysteine level is a predictor of peripheral arterial disease severity measured using ABI.
Anthropometric-Parameters and Total-Cholesterol to HDL-Cholesterol Ratio are Better in Long-Distance Cyclists (Indonesia North Coast and Tour de Borobudur 2017 Study)
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 14, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v14i2.14506

Abstract

Total-Cholesterol (TC) to HDL-Cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio in athletes is well-known to be better than sedentary people. However, information about comparison of TC/HDL-C in different groups of cyclists based on cycling touring characteristics and anthropometry parameters is lacking. This study aimed to compare TC/HDL-C ratio between groups based on the type of tour in cyclists population. Eighty-eight participants were recruited in this cross-sectional study. Mean differences of parameters between groups was analyzed by One-Way Anova and independent t-test, whereas multivariate analyses was conducted by binary logistic-regression. P value 0.05 was considered statistically significant. TC/HDL-C ratio in all groups were less than 4.5. There is no differences of TC-levels (NC240K: 216.6±55.04, TdB140K: 208.1±27.13, TdB100K: 203.1±31.95; p=0.427). But there is significantly different level of HDL-C (NC240K: 68.9±19.09, TdB140K: 52.1±13.9, TdB100K: 53.6±12.45; p=0.0001) and TC/HDL-C ratio (NC240K: 3.3±1.12, TdB140K: 4.2±1.07, TdB100K: 4.0±1.06; p=0.007). Between TC/HDL ratio groups (≥4 or 4), there were differences of weight, BMI, waist-circumference, hip-circumference and type of tour (p0.05). Finally, BMI and type of tour were the most influential factor. Long-distance cyclists have a synergistic effect of lipid profile and anthropometry measurements, and heavier cycling tour participant, that represent cycling training habits, tend to have lower TC/HDL ratio( 4).
The Overview of the Elderly Lifestyle Profile in Surabaya
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 12, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v12i2.7318

Abstract

The elderly lifestyle may affect their health condition. Based on SUSENAS 2014, the number of elderly in Indonesia reached 20.24 million, with 25.05% morbidity rates, it shows that one in four elderly people have experienced some illness. This study aimed to identifying the lifestyle profile of the elderly in Surabaya. The research design used descriptive method with variable of lifestyle of 210 elderly in Surabaya. This study was conducted from June until July, 2016. The results showed that the elderly living in coastal areas having poor lifestyle (53,256 + 11,6719), while elderly living in urban areas and in nursing homes having moderate lifestyle (66,680 + 9,3923) and (62,347 + 7,8814), respectively. Poor lifestyle found in coastal areas of Surabaya was due to lacking of physical exercise and ignorance of diet pattern. Family as a major support system should provide assistance and attention.
EPIDEMIOLOGI DAN REGULASI VIRUS [H1N1] PADA BABI DAN PENULARANNYA KE MANUSIA
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 5, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v5i1.1856

Abstract

Perubahan cuaca mempengaruhi alam dan aktivitas agen patogen, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Beberapa dekade, agen patogen mulai berkembang dan bermutasi secara variasi serta lebih ganas.  Salah satu kejadian zoonosis yaitu penyebaran virus influenza A. Virus influenza A [H1N1] berpotensi berkembang  di Indonesia. Penyebaran influenza A [H1N1] di Indonesia antar manusia sudah terjadi. Etiologi influenza babi (swine flu) virus influenza A H1N1, famili Orthomyxoviridae. H1N1 mempunyai NeuAc 2,3Gal dan NeuAc 2,6Gal, merupakan gen linkage reseptor spesifik. NeuAc 2,6Gal babi dapat meniru reseptor spesifik pada manusia. Virus influenza A [H1N1] dapat bertransmisi melintasi “barier species”, sehingga bisa terjadi penularan secara timbal balik, antara babi dan manusia. Peran sistem imun tubuh penting dalam mendeteksi dan memusnahkan serangan virus ini, namun seringkali antibodi tubuh tidak mampu mengenali antigen yang bermutasi sangat variasi. Tindakan pencegahan harus diambil secara cepat untuk mengurangi risiko penularan  serta mengantisipasi  outbreak secepat mungkin. AbstractWeather changes affect the nature and activity of pathogenic agents, either directly or indirectly. Several decades, the agent started evolving and mutating its variations and more violent. One incident that is the spread of zoonotic influenza virus A. Influenza virus A [H1N1] is potential to grow in Indonesia. The spread of influenza A [H1N1] in Indonesia between humans has occurred. The etiology of swine influenza (swine flu) A H1N1 virus, Orthomyxoviridae family. H1N1 has a 2.3 Gal and NeuAc NeuAc 2.6Gal, a specific receptor gene linkage. NeuAc 2.6Gal pigs can mimic a specific receptor in humans. Influenza virus A [H1N1] may transmit traffic “species barrier”, so that transmission can occur on a reciprocal basis, between pigs and humans. The role of the body’s immune system is important in detecting and destroying these virus attacks, but often the body’s antibodies are not able to recognize antigens that mutate very varied. Prevention must be taken quickly to reduce the risk of transmission and to anticipate the outbreak as quickly as possible.Keywords: Zoonotic; Influenza A virus [H1N1]; Swine influenza; Human influenza
PENYULUHAN HYGIENE SANITASI MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN, SERTA KUALITAS MAKANAN YANG DIJAJAKAN PEDAGANG DI LINGKUNGAN SDN KOTA SAMARINDA
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 10, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v10i1.3071

Abstract

Makanan merupakan kebutuhan mendasar bagi hidup manusia. Kasus keracunan makanan dan penyakit infeksi karena makanan cenderung meningkat. Anak-anak sering menjadi korban penyakit tersebut. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah karena tidak memperhatikan kebersihan perorangan dan lingkungannya dalam proses pengelolaan makanan. Tujuan Penelitian ini menganalisis tingkat pengetahuan, praktik hygiene sanitasi makanan dan minuman sebelum dan sesudah diberi penyuluhan dan mengetahui kualitas makanan secara mikrobiologis. Jenis penelitian pre eksperimen the one group pre tes - post test design. Populasinya adalah seluruh pedagang makanan yang menjajakan makanannya sebanyak 24 orang. Teknik samplingnya total sampling. Pengambilan data dengan wawancara dan observasi menggunakan kuesioner serta pemeriksaan makanan secara mikrobiologis. Analisis data yang digunakan dengan univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar responden berjenis kelamin laki-laki 58,3% dengan tingkat pendidikan SMA 33,3%. Fasilitas sanitasi di sekitar tempat berdagang sebagian besar memenuhi syarat. Ada perbedaan pengetahuan, praktik hygiene sanitasi makanan dan minuman sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan (pα), Tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan, praktik hygiene dengan kualitas makanan secara mikrobiologis sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan. Hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium ada bakteri E. coli sebanyak 4,17%. Food is a basic necessity for human life . Cases of food poisoning and infectious diseases because the food is likely to increase . Children often become victims of the disease . One reason is because they do not pay attention to personal hygiene and the environment in the process of food management . This study analyzes the level of objective knowledge , sanitary hygiene practices of food and drinks before and after are educated and know the quality of the food is microbiologically. The pre- experimental type of research one group pre test - post test design . Its population is around the food vendors peddling food as many as 24 people . Total sampling techniques sampling . Intake interview and observation data by using questionnaires and microbiological examination of foods . Analysis of the data used by univariate and bivariate . The results showed the majority of respondents male sex 58.3 % to 33.3 % high school education level . Sanitation facilities in nearby trade most qualified . There are differences in knowledge , food sanitation and hygiene practices drinks before and after counseling ( P α ) , There is no corellation between knowledge , hygiene practices with the microbiological quality of food before and after counseling. laboratory test results bacteria E. coli as much as 4.17 % .
PERILAKU KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI PADA ANAK JALANAN DENGAN SEKS AKTIF DI KOTA SEMARANG
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 9, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v9i1.2827

Abstract

Lingkungan pergaulan yang keras dan bebas menyebabkan anak jalanan rentan terhadapgangguan kesehatan dan psikologi. Gangguan tersebut sering diakibatkan oleh perilakuseks bebas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perilaku kesehatan reproduksipada anak jalanan dengan seks aktif di Kota Semarang. Penelitian ini menggunakanmetode penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengambilan informan secara purposivesampling dilanjutkan snowball sampling. Informan berjumlah 5 anak jalanan denganseks aktif, 5 teman dekat mereka, dan 3 pengurus rumah perlindungan sosial anak diKota Semarang. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan teknik wawancara mendalamdan observasi. Analisis data secara deskriptif dan disajikan dalam bentuk narasi.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa anak jalanan dengan seks aktif mulai mengenaldan melakukan seks bebas pada usia 14-16 tahun. Mereka sering bergonta-gantipasangan dan melakukan seks bebas di sembarang tempat. Sebagian besar informantidak menggunakan alat kontrasepsi ketika berhubungan seks, sehingga berdampakpada penularan Penyakit Menular Seksual (PMS) dan kehamilan. Faktor pendoronginforman melakukan hubungan seks bebas adalah karakteristik (usia, jenis kelamin,pendidikan, tempat tinggal, dan alasan turun ke jalan), kurangnya pengetahuan, sikap,serta lingkungan mereka. Central obesity/abdominal can be seen in the ratio of waist and hip circumference (RLPP).Central obesity is closely related to the occurrence of metabolic syndrome, one sign is anincrease in total blood cholesterol. Research problem was how the relationship of centralobesity with total blood cholesterol levels in women aged 45-54 years. Research purpose todetermine the relationship of central obesity with total blood cholesterol levels in women aged45-54 years. Explanatory research methods with cross sectional approach. Th e populationin this study were 276 women in Plalangan village, Gunungpati District of Semarang, usedstratifi ed random sampling, amounts 81. Th e data analysis technique used Chi-Square testwith α = 0.05 . Th e results showed that 61.7% of samples had central obesity and 16% ofsamples having total blood kolesteol levels including hypercholesterolemia. Th e results ofdata analysis showed no association between central obesity with total blood cholesterollevels (p=0.001). Th e conclusions, there was no association between central obesity withtotal blood cholesterol levels.

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