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Language Circle : Journal of Language and Literature
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 18580157     EISSN : 2460853X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 807 Documents
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FORMALISTIC READING ON TENSION AND THEME IN TWO POEMS: CHARLES TOMLINSON’S WINTER ENCOUNTERS AND ROBERT FROST’S THE VALLEY’S SINGING DAY Yulianto, Henrikus Joko
Language Circle: Journal of Language and Literature Vol 3, No 2 (2009): April 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Languages ​​and Arts, State University of Semarang

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Abstract

A poetic text has its own aesthetic values through its form and language. This statement was proposed by a movement called Formalism and later was known as New Criticism. The movement assumed that the aesthetic qualities of a poem are revealed in its poetic devices such as imagery, meter, symbol, and the like. New Critics assumed that an interpretation of a poetic text in regard to the author or the historical background will bring about what they called as the Intentional and Affective Fallacies. Otherwise, a poetic text will convey a certain meaning through its own devices. New Critics assume that language devices of poetic works embody some paradoxes or discordant and contrary qualities. Not only focusing on ambiguity, irony, and paradox, the New Critics also find out a tension or a reconciliation of the conflicts through a close reading on the poetic devices of the works themselves. Meanwhile, a poetic work will also suggest a certain central idea or theme. In this case, a close reading of the two poems is meant to find similarities and differences of the tension and theme in both poems.   Key Words:   Formalism, New Criticism, Tension, Ambiguity, Irony, Paradox, the Intentional and Affective Fallacies
PRACTISING MARITIME ENGLISH VOCABULARY AND DEVELOPING ACCURACY THROUGH ‘THE WALL DICTATION’ Setiyaningsih, Nita
Language Circle: Journal of Language and Literature Vol 3, No 2 (2009): April 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Languages ​​and Arts, State University of Semarang

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Abstract

With more and more multi-lingual and multicultural crews joining the transnational seafarers’ maritime community, their competence in maritime English (Maritime ESP) becomes a public concern. There is a need for maritime English lecturers to use some effective techniques in teaching maritime English vocabulary so that students can master it well. The presentation of new vocabulary should be followed up immediately with controlled practice. ‘Wall Dictation’ is suggested since it not only can be used for practising vocabularies but also can be used for developing accuracy which leads to clear communication.   Keywords: maritime English vocabulary; accuracy; dictation
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE USE OF “KEIGO” BETWEEN FOREIGN AND JAPANESE STUDENTS Supriatnaningsih, Rina
Language Circle: Journal of Language and Literature Vol 3, No 2 (2009): April 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Languages ​​and Arts, State University of Semarang

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Abstract

In Japanese there is so called “keigo” (honorific/polite expressions). Honorifics (polite expressions) are used to show intimacy with another person and also to distinguish between one’s superiors and subordinates. These forms are an integral part of daily life of Japanese people. If we want to adjust to Japanese society, in order able to communicate fluently and apropiately, the use of polite expressions is absolutely required. For this reason, polite expressions are very important in communicating with Japanese people. Therefore foreign studens who are studyng in Japan need to understand polite expressions as much aspossible, event if they are not majoring in Japanese Language and culture. To analize the items above with questionnaires, field data were collected from 50 Japanese students and 50 foreign students. The questionnaires consisted of the following items: (1) the difference in the keigo used by foreign and Japanese student, (2) the difference in usage of first person pronouns, (3) ) the difference when offering something to another person, (4) the difference in a question keigo usage when asking teacher, (5) )the difference in keigo usage when discussing one’s teacher with another person, (6) the difference in keigo usage with demonstrative pronouns, (7) students opinions about keigo:differences in levels of difficulty in using keigo, differences in the use of keigo in daily life, difference in the use of keigo in daily family life, differences in the use of iscussing past and present conditions, differences in using keigo correctly and incorrectly, differences in reasons for using keigo, differences in processes of learning keigo. Foreigners’ opinions clarify that they find difficulties in using keigo as do Japanese students. Eventhough it is difficult, according to the opinions of the Japanese students, the use of keigo expressions is necessary. However, foreign students stated that keigo does not need to be used. Their reasons were: because it is very easy to make mistakes, very difficult to memorize, old language/orthodox, seldom use it, requires complicated consideration at status age, etc. and everyone should have the same status. Considering the opinions mentioned above keigo education for foreign students, especially for Indonesian students, is very much in need. Results of the interviews with Indonesian students illustrate their difficulties. Therefore, in my opinion the following points are most important in teaching Japanese keigo to Indonesian students: (1) the need to inform student a Japanese language has a keigo system and introduce to them the various kinds and forms of keigo, (2) the need to teach keigo grammar (sentence structure), (3) drill, (4) the need to teach appropriate expressions according to context using audio visual materials, (5) conversation practice simulation   Key: keigo, foreign and Japanese students.
THE BEHAVIOUR OF STRESS PATTERN ON ENGLISH WORDS ENDING IN -IC Sukrisno, Alim
Language Circle: Journal of Language and Literature Vol 5, No 1 (2010): October 2010
Publisher : Faculty of Languages ​​and Arts, State University of Semarang

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Abstract

ABSTRACTThis study was carried out to observe the word stress pattern on English words ending in –IC.  It was aimed at confirming a phenomenon that there is a regular stress pattern on the group of English words above—that is the majority of those words always receive a primary stress on the penultimate syllable of the words. The background why this sort of stress pattern is worth studying is that the patterns of  stress on English words are very much arbitrary so that it is quite difficult to pronounce English words with proper stress pattern. Whereas, mistakes in assigning stress on English words may cause differences in meanings which are not desired  by the speaker. The type of method used in this study is inventory and descriptive. The findings of this research indicate that out of 2388 words inventorized from Macquarie Dictionary,  2361 (99%) of English words ending in –IC must be stressed on the penultimate syllable, while only 27 (0.01%) of this type of words displays a deviating stress pattern. The result of this research is quite useful for: firstly, learners of English who want to have a good degree of English pronunciation, and secondly,  teachers of English in guiding their students to be able to give proper and accurate stress on English words in general and English words ending in –IC in particular. To prove whether or not students as well teachers of English, especially students of English in English Departments, have made use of the result of this research in their pronunciation, it is suggested that a research on pronunciation be conducted.  Key words: stress, penultimate, syllable
READING NATURE AS IMAGE AND A CRITICISM TOWARDS ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS IN DAVE SMITH’S POEM, RAIN FOREST Yulianto, Henrikus Joko
Language Circle: Journal of Language and Literature Vol 5, No 1 (2010): October 2010
Publisher : Faculty of Languages ​​and Arts, State University of Semarang

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Abstract

Rapid global development brings some changes in our physical environment. Literary work as a social media need to play a role in encouraging people’s understanding and awareness of the threatened condition of our natural surroundings. Poetry as one of literary genres often depict nature as the image and poetic representation. Romantic British poetry is one tradition that remarkably delineates and glorifies the beauty of nature as their poetic manifesto. In America, there was  transcendentalism that similarly cherished the glory of nature through the transcendentalists’ works such as poetry and fiction. In contemporary American poetry, the splendor of nature again emerges as poetics in many of their works. However, different from their previous modern poetic tradition, this contemporary one put forward nature not just as image but also convey some criticisms towards environmental problems.
LES ELEMENTS DU ROMAN POLICIER DANS L’AIGUILLE CREUSE PAR MAURICE LEBLANC Purnasari, Vinda Putri; Widayanti, Diah Vitri; Wibowo, Suluh Edhi
Language Circle: Journal of Language and Literature Vol 5, No 1 (2010): October 2010
Publisher : Faculty of Languages ​​and Arts, State University of Semarang

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Abstract

Le roman policier est un roman lié à la criminalité dont le personnage est un agent de police ou un détective ayant du type protagoniste dont la mission révèle le crime. Quatre éléments construisent le roman policier, ce sont ; l’élément du crime, l’élément du mystère, l’élément du  détective et l’élément de la résolution inattendue à la fin d’histoire. La particularité du roman réalisé par Maurice  Leblanc est que le personnage principal est un voleur, ce n’est donc pas un détective. C’est la raison pour laquelle je voudrais évaluer si les éléments de ce roman policier suivent les normes, cest-à-dire il a les mêmes éléments que les autres romans policiers. Cette recherche utilise la méthode descriptive qualitative pour analyser les données (les éléments construisant le roman, perçus dans les phrases du roman L’Aiguille Creuse. La recherche montre que tous les éléments sont présents : le crime, le mystère, le détective et la résolution inattendue à la fin d’histoire, y compris le génie de Lupin en tant que personnage principal de manifester son victoire contre les trois détectives. A part cela, l’histoire d’amour et le piège se trouvent au début et au cours de l’enquête.
USING MEANING-FOCUSED OUTPUT STRAND IN DIALOGIC MEANING CONSTRUCTION OF SEASPEAK Wardani, Henny Wahyu
Language Circle: Journal of Language and Literature Vol 5, No 1 (2010): October 2010
Publisher : Faculty of Languages ​​and Arts, State University of Semarang

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Abstract

This paper attempts to describe features of Seaspeak and suggests a way of teaching this specific kind ofcommunication to learners by using a strategy which is called meaning-focused output strand thatincorporates the productive skills of writing and speaking. This strategy is intended to raise learners’ formawareness typical of seaspeak which has a set of constrains of language use of closed register distinctivefrom that of daily communication. Seaspeak is transactional in nature, involving intership and intrashipcommunication. Intership communication involves a vessel’s OOW and VTS when the ship is about to berth,cast off, load or discharge. Learners at Politeknik Ilmu Pelayaran need to be well-equipped with how tosuccessfully deal with such a communication encountered later as seafarers. One way of achieving this isby having them actively involved in a diologic meaning construction with their peers an a collaborativemanner. Meaning focused output strand provides them with activities that enable them to benefit from thefeedback and correction they get during the join construction of a maritime discourse from their fellowlearners.
APPLICATIVE CONSTRUCTIONS IN JAVANESE Sofwan, Ahmad
Language Circle: Journal of Language and Literature Vol 5, No 1 (2010): October 2010
Publisher : Faculty of Languages ​​and Arts, State University of Semarang

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Abstract

Applicative constructions refer to those in which an underlying indirect object or oblique is realised as a coreargument. The applied argument replaces P and in most languages becomes the direct object. In mostinstances, the verb usually bears a distinctive inflection expressing the semantic relation borne by the directobject. In Javanese applicative constructions could be intransitive-based and transitive-based, and theyinvolve oblique to 2 advancement or 3-2 advancement. The N- prefix on the verb, the deletion ofpreposition, and the suffix –i/ni or –ake mark the advancement to direct object. The suffix –i/ni is used tomark locative, recipient and destination advancement, whereas the suffix –ake is used to mark benefactiveand instrumental advancement. It is also possible that advancement to direct object is not marked with anysuffix.
THE TRANSFER OF MODALIZATION IN THE INDONESIAN TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH INTERPERSONAL CLAUSES Mujiyanto, Yan
Language Circle: Journal of Language and Literature Vol 5, No 1 (2010): October 2010
Publisher : Faculty of Languages ​​and Arts, State University of Semarang

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Abstract

This study aims to provide explanation on the fransfer of modalization in restructuring interpersonal clauses.As a case study, it has been deliberately directed to analyze written clauses in English texts and theircounterparts in Indonesian. Four major procedures were taken to manage the data withdrawn from thetexts, i.e. (1) data reduction, (2) data display, (3) data analysis, dan (4) inferencing. Based on theprocedures, it was found that in order to achieve functional equivalence, interpersonal clauses weretranslated by means of restructuring processes. The grammar of proposition has been restructured in threemajor modes, i.e. (1) the translation of polarity which includes affirmative, polar interrogative, whinterrogative,and exclamative restructuring , (2) the restructuring of probability which includes the transfer ofModal adjunct, Mood adjunct, and Grammatical metaphor, (3) the transfer of usuality which was restructuredaccording its different degrees.
OPTIMIZING THE USE OF CLASSROOM LANGUAGE TO IMPROVE THE SPEAKING CONFIDENCE OF STUDENTS AT BEGINNER LEVEL Dwi Areni, Galuh Kirana
Language Circle: Journal of Language and Literature Vol 5, No 1 (2010): October 2010
Publisher : Faculty of Languages ​​and Arts, State University of Semarang

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Abstract

Teaching English to non-native students in Indonesia, especially pre and elementary school students, is farmore problematic than teaching adult students in the same country. These students are not accustomed touse English in their daily lives. When they are given English lesson at school, they often feel afraid, shy, andlack of confidence in using the target language. Students have those feelings mostly when they have topractice speaking English because they find it difficult as they have to master different elements of languagesuch as vocabulary, pronunciation, structures, functions and so on in order to say what they want (Phillips,1993). Consequently, teachers are strongly required to be more patient, to have more preparation time andto be more creative in designing classroom activities. Experts say that young learners are hard toconcentrate and easily distracted. If teachers are not able to manage their students, their classes willbecome chaotic and riotous ones. In order to minimize that condition, teachers need to make anyanticipation so that they, instead of their students, can take control of their classes. One of the ways is bymaking classroom language. This will help teachers to organize their classes and ultimately make theirstudents speak using the target language. This paper promotes classroom language as it is concrete,meaningful, and has communicative nature. Hughes (1990) states that the phrase ‘Open your books at page10, please’ does not make the students only repeat, translate, evaluate as true or false or put into negative,but this makes them do the simple action of opening a textbook after understanding the genuine instruction.Furthermore, classroom phrases help the students to use the target language in appropriate context andindirectly accustom them to the form-function relationships and discrepancies that are parts of English.Considering the phenomena above, this paper offers some techniques that may be used in applyingclassroom language. Some of those techniques include a lot of drilling techniques and fun games.Hopefully, this paper may become one of considerations to be used by EFL teachers in encouraging theirstudents to be able to speak the target language in most of their time in their English classes. However, thispaper is still far of perfection. It still needs a lot of suggestions and deeper discussion from those who aredealing with researches of the same topic.

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