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Journal of Applied Chemical Science
Published by JACSONLINE
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 24 Documents
 1   2   3 
Un-Proportional Municipal Waste Plastic Conversion into Fuel using Activated Carbon and HZSM-5 Catalyst Moinuddin Sarker; Mohammad Mamunor Rashid; Mohammed Molla ; Md. Sadikur Rahman
Journal of Applied Chemical Science Volume 1, No. 1 , 2012
Publisher : Journal of Applied Chemical Science

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Abstract

The demand of fuel continues to increase throughout the world. Over 81 million barrels of liquid fuel are consumed everyday worldwide for transportation vehicle; excluding the amount needed to produce plastics for daily use. Most of the transportation fuel is produced from crude oil, and this non renewable resource is declining day by day. With this decline in mind, the politicians and scientific community should emphasize more research to preserve this natural resource. Worldwide researchers are working to find out suitable environment friendly sustainable alternate source of liquid fuel. Now day’s plastic use are increasing constantly because plastics are light weight, durable and easy to use. After the short use, plastics become waste and create lots of problem for the environment. Plastic is not a biodegradable substance, and due this nature it remain in landfill for very long time; polluting the environment and its inhabitants. An established method has been studied and successfully demonstrates which converts majority of the waste plastic into liquid hydrocarbon fuel and can be used to power internal combustion engines. This new conversion process is an environment friendly and cost effective process that helps to preserve the environment while protecting our valuable natural resources.
The Essential Oils from Rhizome Extracts of Acorus Calamus Linn Are Potential Herbal Insecticides against Plutella Xylostella Linn Pests Febri Odel Nitbani; Luter Kadang; Cristiani D. Q. M Bulin
Journal of Applied Chemical Science Volume 1, No. 1 , 2012
Publisher : Journal of Applied Chemical Science

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Abstract

The present study was conducted to elucidate the activity of essential oil from rhizome extracts of Acorus Calamus Linn as an herbal insecticide against Plutella xylostella Linn pests. The oil from the Acorus Calamus roots was extracted by a water steam distillation method and found 0.005% content. Antifeedant testing was performed by trial option, while insecticidal activity was carried out by feeding and contacting methods. The results showed that the oil have activity as an herbal insecticidal and as an appetite inhibitor to the Plutella xylostella Linn pests. The maximum resistance index values ​​obtained from eating essential oils at concentrations of 4.0% was equal to 80.815%. The toxicity values of the oils, reported as LC50, ​​ as insecticides by the feeding trial and contacting methods were 1.33% and 1.27%, respectively. Those results conclusively indicated that the essential oils of the Acorus Calamus Linn potentially protect the cabbage leaves from the Plutella xylostella Linn pest attacking.
The effects of conjugated linoleic acid on growth and lipid profiles in serum and liver tissue of type-2 diabetes mellitus model rat Yohanes Buang; Yu-Ming Wang; Teruyoshi Yanagita
Journal of Applied Chemical Science Volume 1, No. 1 , 2012
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Abstract

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) refers to a group of positional and geometric conjugated-dienoic isomers of linoleic acid. This chemical has been suggested to have antidiabetic activity. However, the effects of CLA on growth parameters and lipid profiles in serum and liver tissue of type-2 diabetic subjects have no data reported. The present study was conducted to elucidate the effects of CLA on growth parameters and the lipid profiles in serum and liver tissue of male Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty rat, as a model of type-2 diabetes. The final body weight and the liver weight were nearly similar between the groups but the white adipose tissue (WAT) weight decreased, although it failed to reach significant level (P<0.05). Serum high density lipoprotein levels moderately increased, it was approximately by 6%, in which the increase was accompanied with a reduction of atherogenic index slightly (Control = 1.00±0.02, while the treatment group = 0.95±0.03). Furthermore, the liver triglycerides (TG) content decreased by 13%. The similar final body weight accompanied with reductions of WAT level and liver TG content might indicate that CLAs diets have management properties on body fat and liver TG metabolism in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus.
The Antioxidant Compounds Contained in n-Butanol and Aquamor Fractions of Dischidia Nummumaria Extract Abner A. Leba; Sherly M. F. Ledoh; Yohanes Buang
Journal of Applied Chemical Science Volume 1, No. 1 , 2012
Publisher : Journal of Applied Chemical Science

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Abstract

There have been elucidated the antioxidant compounds contained in n-butanol and aquamor fractions of methanol extracts isolated from dischidia nummularia. The study was firstly started by maceration of dischidia nummularia powder in certain quantity of pure methanol solvent and followed by gradual partition with n-butanol and aquamor water and then purified with column chromatography. The chemical contents migrated into both those later solvents were detected by LC-MS and their functional groups were detected by FT-IR instruments. The results showed that methanol extract and those n-butanol and aquamor fractions contained 24, 14, and 15 compounds, respectively. The compounds contained in those three samples involve myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol, quercetin-3-ogalactoside, quercetin-3-orhamnoside, quercetin-3-oglucoside, kaemp-ferol galactoside, kaempferol-3- oglucoside, luteolin, and catechin. These compounds have been reported to have behaviors as antioxidant as reviewed in various literatures (see result and discusion). Furthermore, the FT-IR spectrum provides information regarding the functional group and element group of those antioxidant compounds. Based on those reports therefore the methanol extract and the n-butanol and aquamor fractions of dischidia nummularia isolated have those antioxidant compounds.
The Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Gas and the Total Suspended Particulate Contents of the Ambient Air of Kupang City: Case Report Welem A. Faot; Suwari; Sherlly Ledoh
Journal of Applied Chemical Science Volume 1, No. 1 , 2012
Publisher : Journal of Applied Chemical Science

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Abstract

A research has been done to find out the concentration of sulfur dioxide gas (SO2) and the total suspended particulate (TSP), as well as correlation between the amount of vehicle and the concentration of SO2 and TSP ambient air in subdistrict Oebobo of Kupang City. The measuring of SO2 using pararosaniline method, while the TSP was measured by using digital particle concentration meter. The results showed that the highest concentration of SO2 was found on Nangka Street (in the afternoon) that was 148.05 μg/Nm3 and the lowest was on Palapa Street (in the afternoon) that was 106.55 μg/Nm3. The highest concentration of TSP was recorded from the Amabi Street (in the morning) which was 49.50 μg/Nm3 and the lowest concentration was recorded from the Palapa Street (in the afternoon) was 17.95 μg/Nm3. There is a correlation between the amount of vehicle and concentration of SO2, and correlation between the amount of vehicle and concentration of TSP.
The Antioxidant Activities of the Methanol Extracts of Dischidia nummularia Yakoba Tari; Theo Da Cunha; Theodore Y. Lulan; Yohanes Buang
Journal of Applied Chemical Science Volume 1, No. 1 , 2012
Publisher : Journal of Applied Chemical Science

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Abstract

There has been elucidated the antioxidant activities of chloroform and aqueous fract ions of methanol extracts isolated from dischidia nummularia. The study was firstly started by maceration of dischidia nummularia powder in certain quantity of pure methanol solvent and followed by gradual partition of the methanol extract with chloroform and distillated water and then purified with column chromatography. The chemical contents migrated into both those later solvents were detected by GC-MS and their functional groups were detected by FT-IR instruments. Thereafter, the antioxidant activities of the migrated compounds in each those solvents were determined using hydrogen peroxide protocol and the absorbance was read at 240 nm. The ascorbic acid solution was used as control. The results showed that GCMS spectrum indicated the phenol compounds only that are existed within the chloroform and the aqueous fractions of the extract. Furthermore, the FT-IR spectrum showed methylene and ethene groups are existed within those phenol compounds as well as the hydroxyl, carbonyl, aromatic, and keton groups. The average absorbances of compounds contained within the chloroform and aqueous fractions were 0.275 and 0.189, respectively, whereas that of the control was 0.085. Those absorbance data conclusively indicated that higher absorbance higher residue of chromophore content existed within the fraction and higher failures of hydroxylation reactions. Overall, the antioxidant behaviors of the aqueous and chloroform fractions of the dischidia nummularia methanol extracts are contributed by the phenol compounds and the activities of their aqueous fractions are higher than those of the chloroform fractions.
Identification and Characterization of Terpenoid Compounds Isolated from Tadalinu Stem bark of Grewia Eriocarpa Juss Extracts Alethia E. Siahainenia; Febri O. Nitbani; Theo da Cunha
Journal of Applied Chemical Science Volume 1, No. 1 , 2012
Publisher : Journal of Applied Chemical Science

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Abstract

The study of isolation and characterization of terpenoids in methanol extract from the stem bark of Grewia eriocarpa Juss has been conducted. The aims of the research were to know the kind of secondary metabolites, to isolate and characterize terpenoids contained in methanol extract from the stem bark of Grewia eriocarpa Juss. Maceration from 1500 gram of the stem bark powder used methanol as solvent gave 275 gram extract and there was further partitioned with petroleum ether, chloroform and water. The results of phytochemical test showed that the sample was positive for saponin, terpenoid, flavonoid and tannin. Methanol-water extract was separated with column chromathography by n-hexane:etyl acetat (1:3) as eluent and gave 6 groups of fraction. FT-IR analysis results for C fraction indicated several functional group namely OH, C=O, COOH, C-H aromatic, C=C, N-H . Based on the data of mass spectra could be estimated that the 15, 18, 20 and 27 peaks were sesquiterpenoid and the 43 peak was dyterpenoid.
The Utilization of Moringa Seeds (Moringa oleifera [Lam]) Extracts as a Coagulant Alternative on Purification of Drinking Water Godevridus Tiser
Journal of Applied Chemical Science Volume 1, No. 1 , 2012
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Abstract

There have been done research utilization moringa seed (moringa oleifera [lam]) extracts as a coagulant alternative to purify a drinking water. The water sample was taken from the Oeneke Springs at the Nort Middle Timor district. The method used in this study is the jar test method. The moringa seed extracts could act as a natural coagulant that was able to replace the synthetic coagulants such as aluminum sulfate. The moringa seed extracts could reduce the average turbidity of 2.23 NTU with a provision of 96.3%, the average suspended solids 173.3 mg/L and 58.33% provision for suspended solids, total hardness average of 87.73 mg/L and 17.54% of total allowance for hardness, total solids average of 306.67 mg/L and 41.03% total solids allowance, the average total dissolved solids average 213.33 mg/L and 42.45% soluble solids stage with optimum dose of coagulant Moringa seeds is 25 ppm, while Aluminum sulfate can decrease rara average turbidity of 1.25 NTU with allowance for 97.93%, the average suspended solids 137.33 mg/L with allowance 66.99%, total hardness average of 82.13 mg/L and 22.81% of total allowance for hardness, total solids average of 213.33 mg/L and 72.885 preliminary total solids, total dissolved solids averaged 76 mg/L and 79.5% of total dissolved solids stage with optimum dose of coagulant is Aluminium Sulphate 100 ppm. Overall, moringa seeds could be used as an alternative biokoagulant in drinking water purification process.
The Activated Charcoal of Hazelnut Shell (Aleurites moluccana) Has Potential Capability to Refining Used Cooking Oil Desiana Sanang; Luther Kadang; Theodore Y. K. Lulan
Journal of Applied Chemical Science Volume 1, No. 1 , 2012
Publisher : Journal of Applied Chemical Science

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Abstract

The research that aims to determine the ability of chandlenut shell activated carbon as adsorbent on purification adible frying oil has been done. Frying oil purification process includes of the removal phase seasoning (despicing), neutralization and bleaching using activated carbon. The results showed that the optimum amount of chandlenut shell activated carbon which interacted with adible frying oil on purification process at 0,75 grams, effectively lowering the acid value (0,2984 mg KOH / g), peroxide value (3,2847 meq / Kg), water content (0,1468%) and free fatty acid levels (0,1261%), and increasing numbers saponification (196,2711 mg KOH / g) and also clear oil. However, peroxide value and oil colors result of interacted with the chandlenut shell activated carbon, do not meet the National Standard of Indonesia.
Isolation and Characterization of Cinnamaldehyde Contained in Stem Barkof Cinanamon (Cinnamomumburmannii) Yublina O. Gelang; Theo da Cunha; Luther Kadang
Journal of Applied Chemical Science Volume 1, No. 1 , 2012
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Abstract

The research about isolation and characterization of cinnamaldehyde compund that implied in skin steam of cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) was done. Isolation method that used in this research is steam distillation. Cinnamon oil that result from steam skin of cinnamon in this research was 1,2 g (0,012 %). Cinnamon oil then isollated with slim chromatographic method using eluen-n hexane and ethanol with comparison 9:1, 7:3, and 1:1. Characterization cinnamon oil using Infrared spectrophotometer (IR) analysis and Gas Chromatographic- Mass Spectrophotometer (GC-MS). The analyzed result of Infrared spectrophotometer (IR) is giving absorbtion at range 1730,03 cm-1 that be character of aldehida as basic design cinnamaldehyde, while the result of GC analyzed is getting cinamaldehyde concentration 2,37%.

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