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INDONESIA
Waste Technology
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
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Core Subject : Science, Education,
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Articles 111 Documents
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Analysis of Understanding and Attitudes of the Muntilan District Community towards Cell Phone Waste Alya Afra Inas Nur; Agra Dewi Sabrina; Cindy Nurshillah; Daravita Anggorowati; Eka Rachma Putri; Hashfi Hawali Abdul Matin
Waste Technology Vol 11, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/11.1.28-32

Abstract

One of the wastes that includes hazardous and toxic waste is electronic waste. Electronic waste such as phone waste is classified as hazardous and toxic waste based on Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 101 of 2014. The number of cellular phone uses in Indonesia is increasing every year, the increasing number of cellular phone users in Indonesia has an impact on the amount of cellular phone waste that if not accompanied by the treatment of cellular phone waste as hazardous and toxic waste will harm the environment.  This research aims to determine the understanding of the people of Muntilan District towards electronic waste (cell phone) and to determine the attitude of the people of Muntilan District towards unused cell phones. This research uses descriptive methods with quantitative and qualitative analysis. The data used in the study consists of primary and secondary data, where primary data is obtained through structured interviews. The data obtained from this study are people in Muntilan District are quite familiar with hazardous and toxic waste but most of them did not recognize that cell phone wastes are included in the category of hazardous and toxic waste. The community’s attitudes towards unused cellular phones are to keep the phone.
The study of waste composition in Joe Slovo Township, Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality, South Africa Adeleye Ayoade Adeniran; Sibongangani Khonelihle Mngomezulu; Sijekula Mbanga; Winston Shakantu
Waste Technology Vol 11, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/11.1.33-41

Abstract

Household waste (HW) forms a vital part of municipal solid waste (MSW), and the inadequate management of HW poses a serious challenge in many developing cities. A study of the composition of HW is therefore vital in designing an effective solid waste management plan for cities and towns. A waste composition study is also important as estimating waste types produced and treatments applied can be an important tool for discerning what technology can be utilised for waste management trends. The study evaluated the composition of household solid waste generation in Joe Slovo township (JST) using a mixed-method research design to identify waste characteristics. The study's methodology included evaluating literature and administering structured questionnaires. The data were analysed using SPSS and presented in simple tables and charts. The waste typology produced by the residents are metals, papers, bottles, plastic materials, and food remains, among others. In addition, most waste typology produced by JST is recyclable. The results revealed that JST has no significant difference in the type of waste produced when comparing male and female respondents. The study recommends that the waste typology generated by JST can be utilised as a resource to develop economic income through recycling.
The Oxidation of Sulphide Compounds in the Order of Processing Sodium Hydrosulphides Isma Wulansari; Wahyudi Budi Sediawan; M. Hidayat
Waste Technology Vol 11, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/11.1.42-51

Abstract

Oxidation of spent sulfidic caustic consist of SH- ion or NaHS compound by H2O2 in neutral or acidic solution to elemental sulphur may provide a convenient and economical method for the control of sulphide wastes and their associated odors at pulp, paper and textile industry. The effects of total sulphide concentration, isothermal and nonisothermal process, catalyst loading, ratio of SH-/H2O2 and temperature on the kinetics of sulphide oxidation were investigated. Kinetic equations and activation energies of H2O2 and SH- ion to total sulphur and sulphate in aqueous solution for the non catalytic and catalytic oxidation reaction were calculated based on the experimental results. The rate of SSC oxidation was found higher at lower initial sulphide concentration and the rate of sulphide oxidation was found directly proportional to loading and hydrogen peroxide addition. Optimum total sulphide concentration was achieved when sulphide solutions were treated at pH 4 in the presence of H2O2 in the ratios SH-/H2O2 1:5.6. The potential user of H2O2 determine the optimal conditions for control of odor, corrosion and waste treatment cost due to SSC consisting of sulphur ion, sulphate ion, etc. The oxidation of sulphides into sulphates by H2O2 may be applied directly to aqueous wastes containing these odorants.
Liquid Soap Formulation from Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) With the Addition of Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea L) Extract Wati Setyaningrum; Wisnu Broto
Waste Technology Vol 11, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/11.1.52-55

Abstract

In Indonesia, several types of soap have started to spread evenly. One type of soap that is popularly used by Indonesian people is liquid soap. In the manufacture of liquid soap requires the same main raw materials, namely oil/fat and KOH alkaline base. One of the most frequently used oils/fats is virgin coconut oil (VCO). In addition, to increase the usefulness of soap, active ingredients are also needed. Natural/plant active ingredients such as butterfly pea flowers are a solution to reducing the use of chemical active ingredients. This butterfly pea plant has several good ingredients for skin health. Therefore, the manufacture of liquid soap with butterfly pea flower extract was carried out. This study used a factorial design method to determine the optimal liquid soap formulation. With several independent variables used, including KOH concentration, VCO concentration and the length of time of stirring, the results of soap that met SNI were obtained from testing for pH, viscosity, free alkali content, density and water content. The optimal formulation for making butterfly pea flower extract liquid soap is at a concentration of 20% KOH, with a concentration of 50% VCO and a stirring time of 45 minutes.
Electrocoagulation: An Overview of the Technology for Livestock Farm Wastewater Treatment Mosammat Mustari Khanaum; Md. Saidul Borhan
Waste Technology Vol 11, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/11.1.1-16

Abstract

Livestock operations generate wastewater which is characterized by high biological oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand concentrations, high levels of solids including fats, oils, and grease. Its high nutrient content, particularly phosphorus and nitrogen, is an important factor because of its environmental impact. To reduce these, nutrient contaminants can either be captured or removed from liquid manure before disposal. Several techniques, including chemical, electrochemical, biological, and advanced oxidation, are used to treat this wastewater. Most of them have some limitations. Conventional and biological processes are time-consuming and cost-intensive, requiring a large treatment area, and generating large amounts of sludge. Lately, electrolysis has attracted attention as a potential strategy for wastewater treatment due to its environmental compatibility. Livestock waste chemistry differs considerably from industrial wastewater. Hence, the selection of electrode material with anode and cathode combination mode is critical to removing pollutants at low energy consumption. A total of 72 published articles were reviewed in this paper focusing on system configuration, contaminant removal, operation timing, and achievement of this electrocoagulation process. The commonly used electrode materials are aluminium, iron, and mild steel. In treating livestock wastewater, different combinations (Al-Al, Al-Fe, and Fe-Fe) and wiring modes of anode and cathode have been reported in the literature.
Analysis of Community Perception on Medical Mask Waste Classified as Hazardous and Toxic Waste in Surakarta, Indonesia Andini Noviana Hartanti; Clara Estelita Damayanti; Fariz Pradana Adzil Fadzilah; Fatiya Azma Tsabita; Fauziana Erlis Safitri; Gavriel Enos Berlin; Hashfi Hawali Abdul Matin
Waste Technology Vol 11, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/11.1.68-74

Abstract

Hazardous and toxic waste is a substance, energy, or other component that can pollute the environment and endanger the health of living things. One example of this waste is medical waste. Medical waste is classified as hazardous and toxic waste because medical waste is infectious which has the potential to pose a risk of disease transmission. The Covid-19 pandemic has led to an increase in medical waste such as disposable masks. This mask waste requires special management so that it does not become a medium for spreading the virus. This study aims to find out how the public's understanding of mask waste is classified as infectious hazardous and toxic waste, and how the community's knowledge is in managing mask waste. The method of data collection was done through a questionnaire using a Likert approach. The data obtained were analyzed using quantitative and descriptive analysis methods. The results showed that the understanding and awareness of self-management of medical mask waste in the city of Surakarta was high, but the presentation of willingness to collect and send it was quite low. More initiatives and roles from the government and the community are needed in the management of medical mask waste.
Performance and antifouling evaluation of PSf/GO nanohybrid membrane on removing dye pollutant from batik wastewater Tutuk Djoko Kusworo; Dita Aulia Azizah; Andri Cahyo Kumoro
Waste Technology Vol 11, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/11.1.17-27

Abstract

Membrane technology is the most widely used technology in the field of separation and purification of wastewater. Most of the problems that arise in the application of membrane technology are the high resistance of the membrane during the filtration process, so that fouling is easily formed in both the pores and the membrane surface. The incorporation of nanoparticles in the membrane matrix has been widely known as a method to improve membrane performance. In this study, we introduce the incorporation of graphene oxide (GO) advanced material nanoparticles in a polysulfone (PSf) membrane matrix as an effort to treat dye wastewater from the batik industry. The results of the SEM-EDX test showed the membrane smooth surface with larger pore and minimal defects indicating GO nanoparticles were well changed the polysulfone membrane matrix. In addition, an increase in oxygen content in the membrane matrix was also detected as a result of GO incorporation confirming the increased hydrophilicity of the polysulfone membrane. This is also supported by data on increasing water uptake and decreasing contact angle of PSf/GO membranes compared to native PSf. Evaluation of membrane performance showed that the incorporation of GO in the PSf matrix produced permeate with higher quantity and quality than the native PSf membrane. Quantitative analysis of fouling behavior also shows that the incorporation of GO as much as 2 wt-% has succeeded in increasing flux recovery ratio and reducing the PSf membrane resistance which reflects the tendency to form fouling is also getting lower. This membrane material has good prospects in the future as the first step in processing dye wastewater from various industries, especially the batik industry.
Extraction of Crude Sunflower Seed Oil as a Vegetable Oil Rich in Antioxidant using the Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) Method Broto, Wisnu; Subagyo, Meylinda Dita Anggi
Waste Technology Vol 12, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/12.1.%p

Abstract

Oil is a basic necessity in every county, palm oil is an oil that is in high demand so the palm oil industry has an impact on world deforestation. One raw material that can be substituted is sunflower seeds, with a high antioxidant content obtained from vitamin E and selenium, amount 41.08 mg/100 gr. So we eill get a sunflower seeds oil product that is rich in antioxidants, which is beneficial for health. Extraction of sunflower seed oil was carried out using the Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) extraction method with N-Hexane solvent. This study will use the factorial design level 23 method to determine the most influential process variables to produce optimum operating conditions in making sunflower seed oil with Quicker Method analysis where the changing process. The variables extraction are temperature (T), time (W), and solvent volume (V), and the most influential process variables were obtained, amount extraction time of 9 minutes, temperature of 60°C, and solvent volume of 500 mL producing an oil yield of 53.6%, viscosity of 53.76 cSt, density of 0.919 g/cm3, water content of 0.23% b /b, FFA of 0.32% w/w, and IC50 value of 87.613 is classified as a strong antioxidant.
Existing Governance Structures for Sustainable Solid Waste Management in Kisii Town, Kenya. Naftal, Mecheo Omonywa; Mutua, Dr. Bessy Kathambi; Moronge, Dr. James M.
Waste Technology Vol 11, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/11.2.102-111

Abstract

Solid waste management (SWM) is a major challenge in many urban areas in developing countries. The governance structures in the management of solid wastes are overwhelmed to sustainably manage them. This study sought to assess the governance structures for sustainable solid waste management in Kisii town. Study was anchored on the zero -waste theory and the circular economy theory. The study engaged a cross-sectional research design. The sample size was derived from the sampling formula of Yamane. Data collection methods encompassed questionnaires and interview schedules using a mobile software of KOBO for administration of questionnaires. Data from interviews was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential analysis; data from the questionnaires was coded and analyzed using softwares as KOBO, SPSS and excel. The results indicate that: there exist governance structures in SWM in Kisii town known at 45% by the residents, there are both national and county laws, policies and regulations. The most popular structures are; EMCA regulation to the residents is on-source separation at 78.3%, polluter pay principle at 20.3% and colour code separation the least 15%. Of the NEMA laws; EPR is known to the respondents at 67.1%, waste reuse and recycle 30% and waste valorization (2021) not common at 21.6%. The respondents are not aware of the existing county by-laws; only 46.7% are aware of the on-source separation policy. In conclusion, there exist governance structures; guided by the national EMCA 1999 laws, NEMA policies and regulations and Kisii county by-laws and policies. The resident’s knowledge concerning the existing laws and policies is limited. Its therefore recommended that, Public participation should be incorporated in all decisions, laws, policy and regulation. Also, public education through the media, banners, posters, public baraza and other methods be carried out to sensitize the general public SWM governance structures.
Evaluation of Water Pollution Due to Tofu Industrial Waste: Studies Case and Strategy Countermeasures Hanifta Man Andira, Muhammad; Fajri, Roifah; Enova Rahmadhani, Sakina; Hasna Rosyida, Sharifah; Hawali Abdul Matin, Hashfi
Waste Technology Vol 12, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/12.1.16-19

Abstract

Tofu waste is the remaining or unused waste material from the tofu making process. Krajan Village is one of the areas where tofu industry can easily be found around it. The community who are tofu industry players usually dump their waste into the river. Liquid and solid waste from the tofu industry can reduce environmental quality and affect living things if not managed properly before being discharged into the drain. In addition, polluted river water can contain hazardous substances that have a negative impact on flora and fauna and increase the risk of disease for people whose lives depend on river water for their daily needs. Therefore, this waste must be treated first to meet the appropriate water quality standards before being discharged into the airway. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of air pollution produced by the tofu industry in the river, identify the main sources of pollution in the Krajan River, and develop appropriate and appropriate mitigation strategies to overcome pollution problems on its way to its destination. The results of the study showed that the TDS, temperature, and pH parameters that had been tested in the Krajan River were below the reference quality standard limits, namely the Central Java Provincial Regulation Number 5 of 2012 concerning Wastewater Quality Standards. However, residents around the river still feel the impacts, such as the unpleasant odor that is often smelled in the air and dust from tofu industry activities that disrupt daily activities due to river pollution from tofu industry waste, household waste, and livestock waste that is dumped directly without prior processing.

Page 10 of 12 | Total Record : 111

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