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Tangguh Okta Wibowo
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Gedung Lengkung, Unit 1, Lantai 2, Sayap Timur Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Gadjah Mada Jalan Teknika Utara, Pogung, Sleman- Yogyakarta Telp. (0274-564239 extc. 207)
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INDONESIA
Jurnal Teknosains
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 20896131     EISSN : 24431311     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/teknosains.xxxx
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering
Jurnal Teknosains is a peer-reviewed journal which began publication in 2011, and published each semester in June and December. It is a series of scientific publications in engineering, science and technology area. Jurnal Teknosains aims to encourage research in Science and Technology studies. Topics addressed within the journal include but not limited to: Engineering, which is divided into several topics: Mechanical Engineering, Industrial Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Nuclear and Physical Engineering, Civil Engineering, and Planology. Basic Sciences, which is divided into: Chemistry and Physics Health Sciences, which is divided into: Medical, Biotechnology specially in Health Science, and Dentistry
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)
Articles 240 Documents
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Differences in permanent tooth maturation in stunted and normal children aged 6-9 years inToroh district, Grobogan, Central Java Auliya Rahma; Sri Kuswandari; Al Supartinah Santoso
Jurnal Teknosains Vol 15, No 2 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.113604

Abstract

Stunting is a condition of chronic malnutrition that can affect children's physical growth and cognitive development. Toroh is a district in Grobogan, Central Java, listed among areas with nutritional problems, including stunting. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in tooth maturation between stunted and non-stunted children aged 6-9 years in Toroh District. An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted on 27 stunted and 27 normal children aged 6-9 years. The nutritional status was assessed based on height-for-age (H/A), using the WHO 2007 growth curve and the Maternal and Child Health (KIA) book. Stunting was assessed when the H/A of the child was less than -2 SD and the KIA book showed a history of the H/A being always under -2 SD; and normal when the H/A was between -2 SD and +2 SD, with a history (KIA book) of no experience of H/A under -2 SD. Permanent tooth maturation was assessed using the Demirjian method on panoramic radiographs. The result was analyzed using an independent t-test at a 95% confidence level. The results indicated that the mean dental maturation score of stunted children in all age groups was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than that of normal children. Girls exhibited a higher mean dental maturation score than boys in both stunted and normal groups. It may be concluded that stunted children had delayed dental maturation compared with normal children in Toroh District, Grobogan Regency, Central Java.
Surface roughness and topography on denture base material fabricated with additive manufacturing techniques Abizar Agung Wibawa; Budi Arifvianto; Rini Dharmastiti; Heribertus Dedy Kusuma Yulianto; Dibyo Pramono
Jurnal Teknosains Vol 15, No 2 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.116126

Abstract

Denture fabrication plays an important role in restoring oral functions, including mastication, speech, and esthetics, while also helping to prevent temporomandibular joint disorders. Conventional denture bases are commonly fabricated using heat-cured acrylic resin; however, this method still presents several limitations, including longer fabrication time, lower accuracy, and outcomes that are highly dependent on operator performance. The development of additive manufacturing technology offers several advantages, such as high reproducibility, improved accuracy in producing complex geometries, a more efficient digital workflow, and reduced material waste. This study investigated the effect of additive manufacturing using digital light processing (DLP) on the surface roughness and topography of denture bases fabricated with different printing layer thicknesses (50 μm and 100 μm), compared with conventional heat-cured acrylic resin bases. Disc-shaped samples with a diameter of 5 mm and a thickness of 2 mm were analyzed for surface roughness using a profilometer along a 2 mm straight line, while surface topography was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed significant differences in surface roughness among the groups, where the additive manufacturing group with a 50 μm layer thickness exhibited the smoothest surface (0.96±0.26 μm), followed by the conventional heat-cured group (1.75±0.31 μm), while the additive manufacturing group with a 100 μm layer thickness showed the highest roughness value (4.27±0.55 μm). SEM analysis also revealed crater-like surface defects correlated with variations in layer thickness. These defects were observed more frequently in the additive manufacturing group with a 100 μm layer thickness compared with the 50 μm layer thickness group. These findings confirm the importance of additive manufacturing parameters in determining the final properties of denture bases and indicate the potential for optimizing fabrication techniques to achieve improved denture outcomes.
Computational screening of boswellic acid for its antibacterial activity against acne-causing bacteria via molecular docking Dedi Damhuri; Ietje Wientarsih; Rini Madyastuti Purwono; Agustin Indrawati; Asri Rizky; Jessica Anggun Safitri; Ahmad Syarifuddin
Jurnal Teknosains Vol 15, No 1 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.106278

Abstract

Acne vulgaris (AV) is a common inflammatory-skin disorder associated with bacterial infections, particularly Cutibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The rising resistance to conventional antibiotics has prompted the exploration of natural compounds such as boswellic acid, which is known for its antibacterial potential. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of boswellic acid using an in-silico approach through molecular docking against several essential bacterial target proteins implicated in acne pathogenesis. The boswellic acid ligand was obtained from the PubChem database, while the three-dimensional structures of the target proteins were retrieved from the RCSB Protein Data Bank. Blind docking was performed using AutoDock Tools version 1.5.7 and AutoDock Vina, followed by interaction analysis using Discovery Studio Visualizer and Visual Molecular Dynamics (VMD). Nine bacterial proteins involved in vital cellular processes such as metabolism, protein synthesis, biofilm formation, and DNA replication were selected, including transcriptional regulator TcaR, penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (TyrRS), 3-ketoacyl-ACP synthase III (KAS III), CRISPR-associated protein, DNA gyrase, transcriptional regulator MarR, methylmalonyl-CoA epimerase, and accumulation-associated protein (Aap). The docking results demonstrated that all target proteins exhibited negative binding energy values (< 0), indicating thermodynamically stable and spontaneous interactions. Among these, TcaR displayed the highest binding affinity with a binding energy of −10.2 kcal/mol and formed nine conventional hydrogen bonds, reflecting a particular and stable interaction. Key interacting residues included Gln: B61, HisA:42, AsnA:20, AsnB:17, and Arg1:110. In contrast, the Aap protein formed only one covalent bond, indicating the weakest interaction. These findings suggest that boswellic acid effectively inhibits key bacterial proteins, particularly those involved in transcriptional regulation and biofilm development. Therefore, boswellic acid holds significant potential as a safe and effective topical antibacterial agent for further growth in biomedical engineering-based formulations.
Effect of maceration and mae (microwave assisted extraction) on antioxidant activity of methanol Extract of simpur air leaves (dillenia suffruticosa (griff.) martelli) Isnindar Isnindar; Siti Nurhayati; Sri Luliana; Meri Ropiqa
Jurnal Teknosains Vol 15, No 1 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.106535

Abstract

The simpur air plant (Dillenia suffruticosa) is one of the plants used in traditional medicine to treat various diseases and has potential as an antioxidant. Antioxidants are compounds that inhibit, prevent, and reduce oxidative damage to target molecules. The effectiveness of extracting active compounds depends on the extraction method used. Maceration requires a relatively long duration, so faster and more efficient alternatives, such as MAE, are needed. However, heat-sensitive compounds may degrade if the power is too high or the extraction time is prolonged. Therefore, a comparison between maceration and MAE methods is necessary. This study aims to determine the effect of maceration and MAE on the antioxidant activity of the methanol extract from the simpur air leaves. Samples were then analyzed using TLC with a mobile phase of toluene, ethyl acetate, and formic acid (3:5:1 v/v/v). Antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay, and data were analyzed with SPSS. TLC results confirmed the presence of flavonoids indicated by a yellow color after spraying with AlCl3, with IC50 values supporting their antioxidant potential. The Rf values of extracts obtained by maceration and MAE with the rutin standard (0.22) and quercetin standard (0.8). The MAE method produced higher antioxidant activity than maceration, with IC₅₀ values of 5.942 ± 0.345 μg/mL and 10.498 ± 0.213 μg/mL, respectively, both classified as strong antioxidants (IC50 < 50). Independent sample t-test analysis yielded a p-value of less than 0.05, indicating a significant difference between the two methods. The methanol extract of simpur air leaves extracted by the MAE method produces better antioxidant activity than the maceration method.
Effect of broken roof tile adsorbent in constructed wetland for treatment of laundry waste pollutants Edward Lie; Haryati Bawole Sutanto; Dhira Satwika
Jurnal Teknosains Vol 15, No 1 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.108289

Abstract

A Constructed Wetland (CW) is a modified wastewater treatment system that can be applied anywhere. The advantages of CW systems are low operational costs, naturally available constituent materials and provide aesthetic value as a wastewater treatment solution. The increasing number of laundry industries causes high concentrations of phosphate pollution in the environment. Shards of tile as an adsorbent may reduce the concentration of Total Suspended Solid (TSS), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), phosphate, Methylene Blue Active Surfactant (MBAS), and sulphate. The effect of adding tile fragments is supported by using Water Jasmine plants (Echinodorus palaefolius) and the diversity of microorganisms attached to the adsorbent. The results of this study showed a phosphate reduction efficiency of 99.96%. The presence of the bacterial genus Proteus sp. and Citrobacter sp. on the tile fragments adsorbent impacts phosphate reduction. Pollutant removal in CW systems occurs due to adsorption, sedimentation, filtration, biodegradation and precipitation.
Numerical simulation of layer thickness optimization in perovskite solar cells for enhanced power conversion efficiency Soni Prayogi
Jurnal Teknosains Vol 15, No 1 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.109079

Abstract

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gained significant attention due to their remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE) and potential for low-cost, scalable production. Despite this progress, further efficiency enhancement requires systematic optimization of device architecture, particularly the thickness of functional layers. This study presents a numerical simulation using the OGMANANO simulation platform to investigate the influence of layer thickness variation, specifically in the perovskite absorber layer, electron transport layer (ETL), and hole transport layer (HTL), on the performance of planar PSCs. The simulation models a typical n-i-p structured device under standard AM1.5G illumination, evaluating key photovoltaic parameters such as short-circuit current density (Jsc), open-circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (FF), and overall PCE. Results indicate that the optimal absorber thickness lies in the 500–600 nm range, with a peak efficiency of 22.7% achieved at 550 nm. Furthermore, ETL and HTL show optimal performance at 50 and 60 nm, respectively, minimizing recombination losses and enhancing charge transport. The study concludes that precise layer thickness control is critical for maximizing PSC efficiency. The use of OGMANANO proved effective in simulating multilayer perovskite structures, providing a reliable tool for pre-fabrication optimization in advanced solar cell design. 
The role of bio-additive and attractive magnetic fields on flame behavior and hydrocarbon gas in palm oil droplets combustion Dony Perdana; Mochammad Khoirul Rosidin; Wahyu Dwi Purnama
Jurnal Teknosains Vol 15, No 1 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.110521

Abstract

The availability of fossil fuels is increasingly diminishing, while the global energy demand continues to rise. Alternative energy sources currently available from various vegetable oils include jatropha, palm, kapok seed, coconut, and cottonseed oil as substitutes for fossil fuels. When used directly in diesel engines, these oils can lead to several issues, including high viscosity and elevated flash points, which hinder proper fuel combustion and result in carbon deposits within the combustion chamber. Several solutions have been proposed to address these issues, including blending vegetable oils with diesel fuel at various ratios, preheating the vegetable oils, mixing them with additives, and utilizing exhaust gas recirculation and combustion chamber modification. This study investigates the role of bio-additive and applied magnetic fields in influencing flame characteristics and hydrocarbon gas emissions during palm oil droplet combustion. The experimental procedure involved direct testing on palm oil by incorporating a 3% eucalyptus oil-based bio additive and applying an attractive magnetic field (U-S), with droplet diameters ranging between 0.3-0.4 mm. Thermocouples diameter of 0.12 mm were placed on both sides of the magnet with a magnetic field intensity of 1.1 Tesla, and heating wires as the heat source were positioned beneath the thermocouples. The study found that combining eucalyptus oil bio-additive and an attractive magnetic field (U-S) resulted in the shortest flame evolution time of 1760 ms. The flame height and hydrocarbon gas concentration also reached their lowest values at 5.74 mm and 296 ppm, respectively. Meanwhile, the same treatment produced of highest temperature of 846.5 °C compared to other experimental conditions. 
Effect of garlic extract as a natural preservative based on protein profile of red snapper Meutia Srikandi Fitria; Resta Afinda; Aprilia Indra Kartika
Jurnal Teknosains Vol 15, No 1 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.110800

Abstract

Red snapper (Lutjanus bitaeniatus) is a source of animal protein with a high-water content, making it prone to spoilage. Spoilage can be prevented through preservation. Garlic can be used as a natural preservative for fish because it contains antibacterial substances, including allicin, which plays a role in inhibiting and killing spoilage bacteria, as well as other antimicrobial compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. This study aims to determine the effect of garlic extract as a natural preservative on the protein profile of red snapper. The research design was divided into five parts: fresh red snapper stored for 24 hours without soaking, and three parts soaked in garlic extract at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 20%, respectively. This type of research was experimental. The research method was the preparation of garlic extract at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 20%. Protein concentration was calculated using the Bradford method, followed by SDS-PAGE to separate proteins based on their molecular weight. The SDS-PAGE results were analyzed using the GelAnalyzer 19.1 application to calculate the molecular weight of the proteins and the protein profiles of the treatments compared to fresh fish. The results showed that the highest protein concentration was found in the 5% garlic extract treatment compared to the 10% and 15% concentrations. The protein profiles of fresh snapper and the 5% garlic extract treatment were not significantly different from fresh red snapper, with 13 protein bands (9 major bands and four minor bands). In contrast, fresh red snapper had 16 protein bands (13 major and three minor bands). This study concludes that garlic extract immersion treatment can be used as a natural preservative, with the optimal concentration being 5% garlic extract.
Performance of moving bed biofilm and lamella clarifier hybrid technology to improve hospital wastewater quality Selamet Jaya Sukmana; Arlini Dyah Radityaningrum; Catur Bagus Priyono
Jurnal Teknosains Vol 15, No 1 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.111571

Abstract

Surface water pollution caused by the discharge of domestic wastewater, including that from hospitals, is a serious issue that threatens public health and environmental quality. Hospital wastewater typically contains high concentrations of organic matter (COD, BOD), suspended solids (TSS), and pathogenic compounds that may exceed the quality standards set by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, as outlined in Regulation No. 68 of 2016. This study aims to evaluate the performance of a combination of a Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) using Kaldness K1 media and a Lamella Clarifier in reducing COD, BOD, and TSS levels, as well as stabilizing the effluent pH of hospital wastewater at the laboratory scale. The research employed an experimental approach, utilizing a laboratory wastewater treatment plant design comprising MBBR and Lamella Clarifier units. Wastewater samples were collected by grab sampling from the hospital treatment plant inlet, then diluted to varying concentrations of 20%, 30%, and 50%, and subjected to a 24-hour retention time. The analyzed parameters included COD, BOD, TSS, and pH. The treatment results were statistically analyzed using a paired t-test to assess the significance of concentration reductions before and after treatment. The results indicated that the combination of these two units achieved average reductions of BOD by 56%, COD by 34%, and TSS by 53%, with effluent pH between 7.3 and 7.6, meeting quality standards. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) between inlet and outlet conditions, indicating the system's effectiveness. Therefore, the integration of MBBR and Lamella Clarifier is considered a viable solution for efficient, stable, and regulation-compliant hospital wastewater treatment.
Finite element analysis: stress and strain in chitosan composites under varying cavity dimensions Andina Widyastuti; Diatri Nari Ratih; Widowati Siswomihardjo; I Gusti Bagus Budi Dharma
Jurnal Teknosains Vol 15, No 1 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.111732

Abstract

Composite resin restorations frequently fail due to secondary caries formation. To address this, the antibacterial potential of chitosan for incorporation into dental composites has been explored. Given the limitations of existing studies—which often lack a focus on biomechanical function, this research used an in silico Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to evaluate the combined effects of chitosan addition and cavity dimension on stress and strain distributions within restorative materials. A 3D model of a human mandibular first molar, derived from micro-CT scanning, was subjected to FEA using varying chitosan concentrations (0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0%) and two cavity dimensions (conservative and extensive). Statistical results showed significant differences in stress and strain distributions across the treatment groups. Cavity dimensions significantly influence the distribution of stress and strain. The effect of chitosan addition is secondary. The addition of chitosan in cases of extensive cavities was not strong enough to produce statistically significant changes. The FEA analysis demonstrates a clear influence of cavity geometry on biomechanics: In extensive cavities, the restorative material provides superior structural reinforcement, leading to a stiffer composite unit (high stress, low strain) and limited cusp deformation; while in conservative cavities, the structure exhibits a highly flexible response to loading (low stress, high strain), even with a preserved marginal ridge. The stress concentration in the tooth model was primarily in the cervical area, specifically at the cementoenamel junction (CEJ).

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