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Tangguh Okta Wibowo
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Gedung Lengkung, Unit 1, Lantai 2, Sayap Timur Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Gadjah Mada Jalan Teknika Utara, Pogung, Sleman- Yogyakarta Telp. (0274-564239 extc. 207)
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INDONESIA
Jurnal Teknosains
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 20896131     EISSN : 24431311     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/teknosains.xxxx
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering
Jurnal Teknosains is a peer-reviewed journal which began publication in 2011, and published each semester in June and December. It is a series of scientific publications in engineering, science and technology area. Jurnal Teknosains aims to encourage research in Science and Technology studies. Topics addressed within the journal include but not limited to: Engineering, which is divided into several topics: Mechanical Engineering, Industrial Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Nuclear and Physical Engineering, Civil Engineering, and Planology. Basic Sciences, which is divided into: Chemistry and Physics Health Sciences, which is divided into: Medical, Biotechnology specially in Health Science, and Dentistry
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)
Articles 224 Documents
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Kinetic optimization of angkak – red ginger extraction and its impact on antioxidant activity Missy, Felesia; Fahrurroji, Andhi; Nugraha, Fajar; Anastasia, Desy Siska
Jurnal Teknosains Vol 13, No 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.86975

Abstract

A mixture of angkak and red ginger is a Chinese herbal concoction with potential as an antioxidant. This herbal combination can be extracted using the kinetic hot maceration method by optimizing the stirring speed to be more efficient. Previous studies have shown that using 400, 600, and 800 rpm stirring speeds provides the best IC50 and yield. Based on these problems, this research aims to determine the effect of increasing stirring speed on IC50 and % yield in the extraction of angkak and red ginger, as well as prove the benefits of this herbal combination through the IC50 value. The method used is extracting a mixture of angkak and red ginger at kinetic variations of 400, 600, and 800 rpm using a magnetic hotplate stirrer at a temperature of 60ºC for 2 hours; determination of % yield; determining the chromatogram profile using TLC; determination of antioxidant activity using DPPH; as well as data analysis of percentage yield and IC50 using SPSS. Analysis using SPSS shows that the stirring speed significantly affects the % yield, where increasing the moving speed above 400 rpm results in a decrease in the % yield. However, the moving speed does not affect the IC50. The TLC chromatogram profile shows the presence of 6-gingerol compounds in angkak and red and yellow pigment compounds in red ginger, which have potential as antioxidants. The optimization results in this study obtained optimal % yield and IC50 at 400 rpm with average values, respectively, namely 15.933 ± 3.4771% and 103.76 ± 10.032 ppm, and the combination of angkak and red ginger ingredients can work synergistically to increase yield and antioxidant.
Fabrication of pbs films for air mass filter of solar simulator Hilmi, Isom; Kusuma, Damar Yoga; Soetedjo, Hariyadi; Hidayah, Qonitatul; Salamah, Umi
Jurnal Teknosains Vol 13, No 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.88846

Abstract

The production of solar panels is continuously increasing due to increasing demands at industrial and residential levels. This also leads to an increasing demand for solar simulator testing tools. A solar simulator is a tool to assess a solar panel's performance in lab and industry scales. One of the main components of the solar simulator is the Air Mass Filter (AMF). The primary function of AMF is to remove unwanted wave bands from the solar simulator light source (e.g., Xe arc lamp) so that the filtered spectrum is commensurate to that of solar irradiation. An AMF can be produced by fabricating a thin material layer on a transparent substrate like glass. The film would absorb certain wave bands in different ways. This paper reports the fabrication of the chalcogenide PbS thin films for applying AMF. The thermal evaporation technique is used for the film fabrication. PbS is known for its versatility for applications in different optical devices due to its tailorable optical properties. Different amounts (in grams) of PbS source powders are used to deposit the PbS thin films. The optical properties of the films are then examined using UV-Vis spectroscopy. The distributions of the transmittance intensity of the Xe-arc-lamp light with and without the use of the films as an optical filter are then examined using a solar simulator. From the experiments, the film deposited using a 0.012 g PbS powder source is regarded as the optimum one regarding the transmittance intensity distribution.
Kinetic and combustion characteristics of oil palm empty fruit bunch biochar using thermogravimetric analysis Pansawati, Indah Sakina; Agustin, Yustika; Ahda, Yusuf
Jurnal Teknosains Vol 13, No 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.89413

Abstract

The usage of renewable energy is a mitigation phenomenon majorly impacting the power sectors, with biomass being one of the sources directly replacing coal in various applications. This leads to the portrayal of biomass having the potential to be a carbonaceous material, namely the Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) of oil palm. To increase the characteristics of EFB, it can be converted into carbon-based products through thermochemical processes, such as hydrothermal carbonization. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the characteristics of feedstock and biochar EFB using the TGA method. The heating rate used in this study is 10 – 30°C/min at five °C/min intervals. The effect of heating rate on kinetic parameters and thermal (DTG, TGA) and combustion (T ignition, T burn out) characteristics was also determined. This study carried out the HTC process at temperatures of 210ᵒC and 230ᵒC. The results showed that biochar EFB had a higher ignition, burnout temperature, and activation energy than raw EFB. Ignition temperatures for EFB-HT210°C and EFB-HT230°C were 297°C and 298°C; burnout temperatures for EFB-HT210°C, EFB-HT230°C were 407°C and 450°C; and the activation energy for EFB-HT210°C, EFB-HT230°C were 58.84 kJ/mol and 62.16 kJ/mol. Besides the characteristics of biomass, the heating rate also affects combustion. This proved that increased heating rate caused higher ignition and burnout temperature and decreased activation energy. The results also indicated that the difference in heating rate influenced the peak temperature in DTG.
Optimized condition for pei-based transient transfection of lifeact-gfp/nls-mcherry expressing plasmid used as cell barcode for syncytia live cell imaging Kumara, Dennaya; Harsan, Hayfa Salsabila; Novianti, Metta; Lestari, Dinda; Septisetyani, Endah Puji; Prasetyaningrum, Pekik Wiji; Paramitasari, Komang Alit; Meiyanto, Edy
Jurnal Teknosains Vol 13, No 1 (2023): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.89479

Abstract

The transfection efficiency positively affects the successful plasmid DNA transfer into cells, with the highlight on the amount of plasmid DNA and its ratio to the transfection reagent. Polyethyleneimine (PEI) is a cost-effective transfection reagent that facilitates DNA transfer by forming positively charged DNA complexes. It allows DNA to interact with negatively charged cell surfaces and enter the cells by endocytosis. In this study, we optimized the condition for transient transfection of life act-GFP/NLS-mCherry-expressing plasmid in BHK-21 and 293T cells using PEI. This plasmid is helpful as a biosensor of the cytoskeleton and nucleus that enables live imaging observation using a fluorescence microscope, for instance, in the observation of syncytium. Here, we optimized two independent variables: the amount of DNA (0.5 and 1 µg) and the ratio of DNA-PEI (1:3 and 1:4). GFP and mCherry expressions were observed at 24, 48, and 72 h post-transfection. As a result, transfection efficiency achieved by using PEI in 293T cells is higher than in BHK-21 cells, which are ~90% and ~50%, respectively. Moreover, amongst four different transfection conditions, in both cell lines, 1 µg of plasmid DNA with a 1:3 DNA-PEI ratio yields the most efficiency with the least amount of toxicity. We used this condition for the syncytia observation in 293T cells as a model of the cell-to-cell transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Syncytia formation was successfully observed by detecting the giant cells expressing GFP/mCherry with multiple nuclei.
Refinement of cooking oil using activated carbon from coconut shell and zeolite Jumiati, Ety
Jurnal Teknosains Vol 13, No 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.91766

Abstract

Bulk cooking oil is obtained from traditional markets and and relatively has a characteristic color that tends to be brownish and unclear; cooking oil has been repeatedly used after frying, resulting in physical changes such as darkening, thickening, and foaming. If bulk cooking oil is repeatedly used for frying, it can be detrimental to health as it may accumulate saturated fatty acids in the oil. This condition prompted the search for solutions to purify bulk cooking oil and use cooking oil using processed zeolite and coconut shell-activated carbon as adsorbents to improve the quality of cooking oil. This research utilizes an experimental-quantitative method. Variations in composition include sample A (bulk cooking oil: 75% and processed natural zeolite: 25%), sample B (bulk cooking oil: 75% and coconut shell activated carbon: 25%), sample C (used cooking oil: 75% and processed natural zeolite: 25%), and sample D (used cooking oil: 75% and coconut shell activated carbon: 25%). The research results on the quality of coconut shell activated carbon obtain moisture content of 13.2%, ash content of 2.1%, volatile matter content of 17.9%, and carbon content of 80.0%, which meets the SNI 06-3730-1995 standard. Meanwhile, the quality results of cooking oil after the purification process obtain moisture content values of 0.09-0.10%, free fatty acid values of 0.14-0.30%, and normal color that does not exceed the maximum standard required by SNI 7709:2019 with a percentage reduction in moisture content of 0-60% and free fatty acids of 0-63.41%.
Integrated microcontroller mq sensors for monitoring biogas: Advancements in methane and hydrogen sulfide detection Negara, I Gede Artha; Anakottapary, Daud Simon; Widiantara, Ida Bagus Gde; Midiani, Luh Putu Ike; Nindhia, Tjokorda Gde Tirta; Santhiarsa, I Gusti Ngurah Nitya
Jurnal Teknosains Vol 13, No 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.91936

Abstract

Recent technological advances in microcontroller systems enable novel biogas monitoring capabilities. This study investigates microcontroller-based quantification of methane and hydrogen sulfide concentrations in biogas derived from anaerobic digestion. Anaerobic digesters were fed either 100% cow dung substrates or a 50:50 mixture of cow dung with municipal solid waste (MSW). Methane levels were monitored using an MQ-4 sensor, hydrogen sulfide via an MQ-136 sensor, and temperature with a K-type thermocouple, all integrated with an ATmega 2560 microcontroller system. The 100% cow dung digester produced biogas with maximum methane concentrations of 3488 ppm at 21 days, indicating improved methane production compared to the 50:50 mixture of cow dung with MSW. Hydrogen sulfide reached 195 ppm and 192 ppm for the 100% cow dung and mixed digesters. Mesophilic temperature conditions were maintained throughout the digestion process. Real-time quantification of biogas composition demonstrates the capabilities of microcontroller-based anaerobic digester monitoring to provide precise methane and hydrogen sulfide measurements.
Comparison of physical and acceptability tests of extra oral suction in rsgm ugm prof. Soedomo Sari, Dian Permata; Wibowo, Danang Sri
Jurnal Teknosains Vol 13, No 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.92290

Abstract

The spread of COVID-19 through aerosols and droplets occurs during dental treatment. Dentists use high-volume suction (HVS) and saliva ejectors to suction saliva, blood, and water from the oral cavity. Since the pandemic, prototyping, production, and use of extraoral suction (EOS) have increased. EOS comprises HEPA (High-Efficiency Particulate Air), plasma ions, and ultraviolet (UV) filters. This study was used to see the effectiveness of the use of EOS through a comparison of physical and acceptability tests on the use of EOS at UGM Prof. Sodeomo Dental Hospital using three EOS brands, Coxo™, Eighteeth™ Vacstation, and Eostra™. Physical Test is used to assess the ability of a tool when used—Acceptability Test to assess user acceptance of EOS based on usage experience. The study was conducted at the UGM Prof. Soedomo Hospital (Professional Education Clinic, Resident Education Clinic, General Service Unit, and Specialistic Service Unit) in 2021 with 90 respondents who were EOS users. The EOS with the most incredible suction power, noise figure, and electrical power was Eostra™, while based on user experience, the EOS that was more accepted and more comfortable for users to use was Coxo™. EOS reduces aerosol exposure during dental treatment, and based on this study, EOS that had good capacity was not necessarily comfortable to use by users; this was because each brand had advantages and disadvantages, so the selection of EOS was adjusted to the capacity of the operator and the practice site.
Development of an innovation ecosystem model in handling the covid-19 in Indonesia Handayani, Isyalia Dwi; Ikhwan, Hakimul; Pangaribowo, Evita Hanie
Jurnal Teknosains Vol 13, No 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.93252

Abstract

Technological innovation in the medical area is vital when the COVID-19 pandemic strikes, including in Indonesia. One of the essential innovations is a health facility for infection testing. Through the TFRIC-19 program, several Indonesian researchers have developed a mobile laboratory named Mobile Lab Biosafety Level 2 (MBSL2). MBSL2 is one of the medical innovations from the TFRIC-19 program as a measure to handle the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. TFRIC-19 is an innovation system initiated by government institutions in the RnD area. Establishing TFRIC-19 was the initial step in handling the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This research aims to identify the actor's role in developing MBSL2. The technique uses the Ecosystem Pie Model (EPM) approach for analysis. It was found that the most essential aspect of creating innovation is collaboration between involved actors.
Male uav longitudinal stability determination using wind tunnel data Adhynugraha, Muhammad Ilham; Megawanto, Fadli Cahya; Octaviany, Siti Vivi; Budiarti, Dewi Habsari; Muliadi, Jemie; Nami, Osen Fili; Wibowo, Singgih Satrio
Jurnal Teknosains Vol 14, No 1 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.89420

Abstract

Unmanned aerial systems have been increasing in demand for a wide range of operations, including the rapid growth of advanced navigation and communication. One of the most important things in designing an Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) is to ensure the system's stability, such as the UAS itself. This study was conducted on an in-house medium altitude long endurance (MALE) UAS aircraft. It is focused on analyzing the longitudinal stability of MALE UAS. A mathematical approach was used to analyze the longitudinal stability.  A series of wind tunnel tests using a scaled model of the MALE UAS is done to produce several sets of data containing longitudinal stability derivatives for various configurations. A few sets of data are chosen to obtain the stability derivatives needed. These stability derivatives are utilized to determine the longitudinal motion characteristic of the aircraft. The analysis of certain derivatives and the phugoid and short-period mode shows that the aircraft is statically and dynamically stable in longitudinal motion. The results indicated that a weight change prompted an altercation in the natural frequency of the short-period mode. The response also showed that reaching a new equilibrium state takes a rather long period after an arbitrary perturbation is initiated. The time required to subdue oscillation in axial and average velocities is more than 100 seconds. The stability in the pitch rate is reached in around 65 seconds. The time to reach stability in pitch angle response is around 65 seconds.
Viability of bhk-21 fibroblast cells toward acrylic denture bases after reinforced by natural fibers Prawesthi, Endang; Tetelepta, Marzia Magdalena; Heldayani, Heldayani; Kastian, Ria Fajarwati; Septisetyani, Endah Puji
Jurnal Teknosains Vol 14, No 1 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.90278

Abstract

The use of acrylic denture bases in the oral cavity requires biocompatibility. This study investigated the viability of BHK-21 fibroblast cells after treatment with an acrylic denture base modified using natural fibers. Ramie and banana stem fibers were used as cost-effective alternatives to synthetic fibers. The study involved 42 acrylic resin specimens (10 mm diameter, 2 mm thickness) divided into groups: resin without fibers, 0.5%, 1.5%, and 2.5% ramie fibers, and 0.5%, 1.5%, and 2.5% banana stem fibers. The resin was incubated with cell culture media at 37°C for 7 days. Cytotoxicity testing using the MTT method revealed that all treatment groups had cell viability exceeding 70%, meeting ISO 10993-5 standards. No significant differences in cell viability were observed between the treatment groups and the control (media without specimens). Additionally, adding 0.5%, 1.5%, and 2.5% ramie fibers did not affect BHK-21 cell viability compared to the resin-only control, while adding banana stem fibers increased cell viability compared to the control (P = 0.035; P = 0.021; and P = 0.011). In conclusion, increasing the concentration of natural fibers in acrylic denture bases did not negatively impact fibroblast cell growth.

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