Althea Medical Journal
Althea Medical Journal (AMJ) is a peer reviewed electronic scientific publication journal which is published every 3 months (March, June, September, and December). Althea Medical Journal publishes articles related to research in biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, family-community medicine, and public health.
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<![CDATA[Bacterial and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns in Patient with Pediatric Urinary Tract Infection at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital ]]>
<![CDATA[Muhammad Ilham Muttaqin]]>;
<![CDATA[Dany Hilmanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Neneng Syarifah Syafei]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Pediatric urinary tract infection (UTI) should become attention due to high prevalence, severe complication, and high cost treatment. Bacterial pattern and its susceptibility are different in every region.The objective of this study was to discover pattern of bacteria causing UTI and their susceptibility to antibiotics. Methods: This study was an observational descriptive study. The data was obtained from medical records and susceptibility testing results of pediatric UTI in Department of Child Health at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in period of 2014. Data taken was presented in table.Results: There were 26 cultures which had microbiological findings among 79 cultures taken from 106 patients with UTI. The majority of findings were Escherichia coli (10 cases), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4 cases), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (4 cases). Antibiotic classes with high susceptibility level were aminoglycoside, sulfonamide, and fluoroquinolone. Resistance level were higher in cephalosporin class than others.Conclusions: Most common bacterial found are Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiellapneumoniae. The result of susceptibility testing for cultures shows variance of susceptibility pattern to antibiotics in pediatric patients with UTI at Department of Child Health Dr. HasanSadikin General Hospital. [AMJ.2017;4(1):52–7] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1021 ]]>
<![CDATA[Association between Patient’s Basic Characteristic and Clark Level in Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma ]]>
<![CDATA[Egie Rahmalaelani]]>;
<![CDATA[Hermin Aminah Usman]]>;
<![CDATA[Jono Hadi Agusni]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Malignant melanoma is a cancer that begins in the melanocytes. Melanoma is commonly happened on older people, male and located on sun exposure body area, such as face, neck and lower limb. Melanoma cases occur less than 5% of skin cancer but cause a majority of skin cancer deaths because melanoma has an aggressive behavior. Age, sex, location of lesion, and type of melanoma influences the melanoma invasion. The cutaneous melanoma invasion could be assessed with the Clark level. This study is aimed to determine the association between patient’s basic characteristic and Clark level in cutaneous malignant melanoma.Methods: This study used cross sectional analytic design. The medical records and histopathology slide from the Department of Anatomic Pathology Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital from 2008−2012 took as a sample. Forty one data were meet the inclusion criteria. Furthermore, those data were analyzed using chi-square test.Result: Overall, patient’s characteristic in this study, commonly occurred on female (66%), 50−59 years group age (35%), non-cephalic/acral location (71%), and the level V in Clark level (73%). Location of lesion showed an association with Clark level (p=0.023), whereas, age and sex was not significant (p=0.679 and p=0.389).Conclusions: There is an association between location of lesion and Clark level [AMJ.2017;4(1):25–9]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1015 ]]>
<![CDATA[Undernutrition as Risk Factor of Hydrocephalus Prevalence in Children with Tuberculous Meningitis ]]>
<![CDATA[John Patria Maruli Sinaga]]>;
<![CDATA[Nelly Amalia Risan]]>;
<![CDATA[Uni Gamayani]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Hydrocephalus is the most frequent neurological complication in children with tuberculous meningitis. Tuberculosis infection cannot be separated from nutritional status. Children with undernutrition have decreased immunity thus could affect clinical manifestation of tuberculous meningitis. This study was conducted to identify the relationship between undernutrition and the prevalence of hydrocephalus in tuberculous meningitis.Methods: An analytic observational study was carried out to 38 medical records of children with tuberculous meningitis in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital from 2007 to 2015. Variables that were studied included gender, age, advanced stage of disease, motoric paralysis, history of seizure, nutritional status and hydrocephalus. The collected data were analyzed using Chi-Square test. Results: Out of 21 subjects with undernutrition, 11 subjects were found to have hydrocephalus. The analysis using chi-square was statistically significant (p=0.009). Prevalence ratio=4.45 (CI 95% 1.14−45.43), meaning tuberculous meningitis children with undernutrition were at risk of hydrocephalus 4.45 times greater than children with normal nutritional status.Conclusions: Undernutrition may increase the risk of hydrocephalus in children with tuberculous meningitis. [AMJ.2017;4(1):143–7] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1036]]>
<![CDATA[Five Years Facts of Bladder Cancer at West Java’s Top Referral Hospital, in Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Vivien Kate Perix]]>;
<![CDATA[Sri Suryanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Aaron Tigor Sihombing]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Bladder cancer is the second most common genitourinary cancer and its incidence is rising 15% annually in Indonesia. Smoking is the leading risk factor of bladder cancer and two thirds of men in Indonesia smokes. This study was conducted to describe the characteristics of bladder cancer based on sex, age and histopathology type in West Java’s Top Referral Hospital, Indonesia. Methods: This study was a descriptive study conducted during theperiod of September to November 2015 using 372 histopathological medical records of patients who had primary and secondary bladder cancer at the Pathology Department, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from January 2010 to December 2014. Data were collected using total sampling method based on the characteristics of age, sex histopathology type, and staging of bladder cancer.Results: Out of the 372 cases, 298 cases were male and 38 cases were female with a male to female ratio of 7.8:1. The age group with the highest incidence was the 50–59 years old group. Infiltrating urothelial carcinoma was the most common histopathology type (71.1%) in primary cancers, 66.1% of cases was muscle invasive while 33.9% was non muscle invasive. Staging pT1 had the most number of cases. The most common site of origin for secondary neoplasm was cervix with adenocarcinoma as the most common histopathology type. Conclusions: Bladder cancer is more common in male than female and peaks at the sixth decade of life. Infiltrating urothelial carcinoma is the most common histopathology type. [AMJ.2017;4(1):94–9] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1028]]>
<![CDATA[Detecting the Presence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus on Acne Extractor used by Some Beauty Salons in Jatinangor ]]>
<![CDATA[Jo Sheng Ng]]>;
<![CDATA[Gita Indah Triyanti Rukmana]]>;
<![CDATA[Inne Arline Diana]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Over the past few decades, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a major cause of nosocomial infection and has recently emerged in the community. Community associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) have grown drastically over the years and have mostly manifested as a form of skin infection. The MRSA infection usually occurs in individuals with skin lesions serving as a site of entry for the bacteria. The aim of this study was to determine if MRSA is presence on the acne extractor used by some beauty salons in Jatinangor.Methods: A total of 40 samples were taken from 14 beauty salons in Jatinangor from September to October 2013. The samples were then cultured on mannitol salt agar. The isolated colonies were then gram stained, followed by catalase and coagulase test. The colonies having positive for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were then tested for cefoxitin susceptibility.Results: Overall 3 of the isolates were positive for S. aureus and none were positive for MRSA.Conclusions: Only a small fraction of the isolates are positive for S. aureus and no MRSA is detected.. [AMJ.2017;4(1):64–8]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.163 ]]>
<![CDATA[Skull and Posterior Rib Fractures with Respiratory Failure caused by Child Abuse ]]>
<![CDATA[Dzulfikar Djalil Lukmanul Hakim]]>;
<![CDATA[Elza Noviani]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Presence of multiple fractures suggests child abuse. Skull fractures rarely occurred but posterior rib fractures are commonly found and have high specificity as a radiological finding in child abuse. A respiratory failure can occur as a result of the damage to the osseous structure of the thorax that destabilizes the rib cage and impairs spontaneous breathing mechanism.Methods: A case report of a 6-month-old boy who presented with respiratory failure, multiple bilateral parietal and occipital bone fractures, and also fractures of right rib 5–8. The patient required ventilatory support for 9 days in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Dr.HasanSadikin General Hospital.Results: The patient was on ventilatory support for 9 days, and was given antibiotics for 2 weeks. Next, the patient was referred to the High Care Unit (HCU) after the condition was stabilized, and then referred to the ward, for treatment by the Social Pediatric Division. The patient was still having issues about his foster care. Conclusions: Recognition of presence of fractures is important in early diagnosis and treatment of child abuse. [AMJ.2017;4(1):107–10] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1030]]>
<![CDATA[Incidence of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung Period May to October 2013 ]]>
<![CDATA[Aisyah Ummu Fahma]]>;
<![CDATA[Iwan Fuadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Jimmy Setiadinata]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is common complication in patients undergoing surgery with anesthesia. The incidence of PONV is ranging between 20% and 30%. Despite many other studies about PONV in other regions, the descriptive data about PONV in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung is still unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of PONV in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung.Methods: This descriptive study used a cross-sectional method. As many as 521 medical records in Departement of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from May 5th to October 31st 2013 were reviewed. The subjects were taken by using total sampling technique. Data collected were gender, age, type of surgery, type of anesthesia, duration of surgery, administration of nitrous oxide, and administration of neostigmine.Results: Of 521 patients,the incidence of PONV was 20.5%. Female had higher incidence of PONV than male. Postoperative nausea and vomiting was the most frequent in the age category 6−20 years old. The Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) surgery was revealed as surgery with the highest incidence. Regional anesthesia had a higher incidence than general anesthesia. Operation lasting 181−210 minutes was considered as category which PONV mostly occured. Patients receiving nitrous oxide were more likely to experience PONV, and patients who were given neostigmine as muscle relaxant had lower incidence of PONV compared to those who were not.Conclusions: The incidence of PONV was similar to the study presumed earlier and this may influenced by many factors including patients, surgical, and aenesthtical factor. [AMJ.2017;4(1):58–63]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1022 ]]>
<![CDATA[Comorbidities of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients at Respirology and Critical Care Outpatient Clinic Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Adrian Sebastian Suhendro]]>;
<![CDATA[Prayudi Santoso]]>;
<![CDATA[Silvita Fitri Riswari]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic disease that becomes one of the leading causes of death in the world. The COPD is usually accompanied by comorbidities that impact prognosis and increase patients’ expenses. However, the comorbidities of COPD patients have not yet to be known in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia. This study was aimed to determine the frequency, type and number of comorbidities accompanying COPD.Methods: This study was a retrospective, cross-sectional study at the respirology and critical care outpatient clinic of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia in 2012. Data were obtained from medical records of patients diagnosed with COPD and had an obstructive pulmonary function test result. Sampling technique in this study was total sampling. Data were classified by age, gender, smoking history and severity of disease and were analyzed to determine the frequency, type and number of comorbidities accompanying COPD. Results: Thirty eight COPD patients with obstructive pulmonary function test results were analyzed. It consists of 31 males and 7 females with age ranged between 43–82 years and median age of 64 years. Severe obstruction was found in 15 of 38 patients. Comorbidities were found in 26 patients, and 2 patients had up to four comorbidities. The most common comorbidity was hypertension (9 of 38).Conclusions: The majority of COPD patients had comorbidities and the most frequent comorbidity was hypertension. [AMJ. 2017;4(1):30–5]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1016]]>
<![CDATA[Relationship between Nutritional Status and Flat Foot in Children ]]>
<![CDATA[Joyce Phua Pau Fung]]>;
<![CDATA[Yoyos Dias Ismiarto]]>;
<![CDATA[Wulan Mayasari]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Pediatric flatfoot has been reported as the highest clinical complains for foot problems in pediatric department. Nutritional status has showed great influence on the occurrence of flat foot. There are many debates regarding whether underweight or overweight children are more prone to flatfoot. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between nutritional status and flatfoot in children.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from July to October 2015 in 3 primary schools in Kecamatan Jatinangor. There were 259 children of grade 4 to 5 included in this study. Flatfoot screening was based on measurement of footprint and calculation using Chippaux-smirak index (CSI). The height and weight of children were measured to obtain their Body Mass Index (BMI). Nutritional status was classified based on CDC BMI-for-age growth charts. Analysis was done using chi-square test.Results: There was significant association between nutritional status and flatfoot with p value<0.001.The prevalence of flatfoot in children grade 4to5is40%. When compared to the normal weight children, the overweight children showed prevalence ratio of 1.97(95% CI:1.47 to 2.64) while the underweight children showed prevalence ratio of 1.34 (95% CI:1.78 to 2.25).This stated that the risk of developing flat foot was higher in overweight children.Conclusions: There is significant association between nutritional status with children grade4 to 5. Overweight children are more prone to flat foot. [AMJ.2017;4(1):152–6] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1038]]>
<![CDATA[Clinical Characteristics of Trigeminal Neuralgia Patients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung Indonesia in 2010–2012 ]]>
<![CDATA[Sri Hudaya Widihastha]]>;
<![CDATA[Henny Anggraini Sadeli]]>;
<![CDATA[Arifin Sunggono]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Trigeminal neuralgia is a frequently found craniofacial neuralgia. The clinical characteristics of trigeminal neuralgia patients at Dr. HasanSadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia has never been described before. This study conducted an overview of clinical characteristics of trigeminal neuralgia to determine the characteristic features of trigeminal neuralgia.Methods: This was a non-experimental study using secondary data with a retrospective descriptive method. Data related to medical records of 76 patients with trigeminal neuralgia was collected over a period of 2010 to 2012, treated at Dr.HasanSadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia. Results: Mean age was 57.6 years (range 11 to 84 years), no significant difference in gender (male:females 51.3%:48.7%). Chewing and swallowing was reported as triggering stimuli to 42 (55%) patients. Two patients (2.7%) had suffered pain on bilateral side of the face, 46 (60.5%) patients the right side, and 28 patients (36.8%) on the left side. Pain on maxillary nerve division was found in 58 (76.3%) patients. Sixty one of the patients (80%) received Carbamazepine.Conclusions: The peak age was between the fifth and sixth decades of life with equal representation of male to female incidence. Right side and the maxillary division was found to be the most frequently site of pain. Chewing and swallowing was reported to be the most frequent triggering stimuli and most of patients received Carbamazepine as therapy. [AMJ.2017;4(1):47–51]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1020 ]]>
