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Althea Medical Journal
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23374330     DOI : 10.15850/amj
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Althea Medical Journal (AMJ) is a peer reviewed electronic scientific publication journal which is published every 3 months (March, June, September, and December). Althea Medical Journal publishes articles related to research in biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, family-community medicine, and public health.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
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Health Belief Model Theory Application on Voluntary Counseling and Testing among Homosexual Men in Bandung Greater Area Argya Nareswara; Chrysanti Murad; Irvan Afriandi
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 4 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: The number of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cases is high and is constantly increasing. Homosexual men as a transmission niche is not only significant in terms of numbers, but also in natural aspects of anal sex, tropism of HIV-1, and high-risk behavior. Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) is important for accelerating diagnosis and management plan; yet the uptake on high-risk population in Indonesia is low. A behavior-reasoning theory, Health Belief Model (HBM), attempts to explain whether or not individuals engage in certain health behavior. This study tries to assess participation rate of VCT, to portray HBM variables perception, and to depict significance of HBM variables towards VCT uptake or VCT intention. Methods: This study was conducted in October-November 2014 using cross-sectional design; 127 respondents were gathered according to Respondent Driven Snowball Sampling. This study used an internet-based questionnaire derived from Champion’s 1984 mammogram HBM questionnaire. Privacy and compensation were obtained. The Chi square test and logistic regression of HBM variables were done. Results: The VCT uptake was low (15.7%). Certain sexual experience and commitment were significant (Commitment to Men p=0.027, Oral Sex experience with men p=0.001, Anal Sex Experience with men p=0.038). Chi Square test revealed significance on Perceived Susceptibility, Perceived Benefit, and Cues to Action. Conclusions: Uptake of VCT is considerably low compared with total high risk population and other similar studies. Personal Susceptibility to HIV/AIDS is recommended to be emphasized; while VCT Benefit and Cues to Action in young homosexual men communities are better encouraged. [AMJ.2016;3(4):595–604]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n4.945
Characteristic of Older Adult with Balance Disorder in Rehabilitation Clinic Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital 2014 Ku Shi Yun; Irma Ruslina Defi; Lazuardhi Dwipa
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Older adult population is increasing worldwide. Balance has an important role in conducting daily activities and mobility, with impaired balance it can lead to negative impacts for example fall. This study is conducted to obtain common factors and characteristics of older adults with balance disorder to provide better rehabilitation services.Method: A descriptive study was conducted in the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung from August-October 2014 using total sampling method and a 5 times sit-to-stand (5STS) test was conducted. The total sample obtained was 34.Result: The characteristics of older adult with balance disorder in this study were mostly from young old (n=17), male gender (n=19), and mean 5STS test is 18.48 seconds. Most of the patients had high blood pressure (n=29), normal body mass index (BMI) (n=22), independent activity of daily living (ADL) (n=21), and use of greater than 3 medication (n=21).The most common disease found is musculoskeletal disease and majority of patients had one medical disease.Conclusion: Older adults categorized as young old has the greatest frequency of having balance disorder. Increase in age, increases the duration of 5STS test conducted. The most common problem among older adult is high blood pressure, musculoskeletal disease and hypertension and majority of the patients consume greater than 3 medication. Lastly, most of the BMI and the ADL of the older adults were normal. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n1.718
Impact of Comorbidity on Length of Stay of Hospitalized Pneumonia in Children Nur Mala Il A'la; Adi Utomo Suardi; Dewi Kartika Turbawati
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

 Background: The incidence of pneumonia in children under-five in West Java is high. The average length of stay (LOS) often exceeds the standards set by the Indonesia-Disease Related Group (INA-DRG) because of the comorbidities. It can cause financial loss for the hospital. This study was conducted to analyze the impact of comorbidity on LOS.Methods: Data was collected from medical records of 296 hospitalized pneumonia under-five children in the Department of Child Health Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in the period from January–December 2012 that consisted of patient’s identity, LOS, primary diagnosis, and comorbid diagnosis. Data was selected through inclusion and exclusion criteria and statistically analyzed using the chi-square and  Spearman correlation test.Results: Out of 218 subjects, those who had major comorbidities and minor comorbidities was 79 (36.2%) and 39 (17.9%), respectively. The average LOS of those who had major  and minor comorbidities was 8.33±8.252 days and 5.95±3.554 days, respectively. Congenital heart disease had the highest and most significant Risk Ratio (RR) with average LOS was 8.00±4.889 days with RR: 1.895 (95% CI:1.339–2.682, p=0.001).Conclusions: Subjects have higher average LOS than the LOS set by the INA-DRG. Congenital heart disease is the most common comorbidity and has the highest and the most significant risk ratio. [AMJ.2017;4(1):42–6]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1019
The Effect of Programmed Physical Exercise to Attention and Working Memory Score in Medical Students Kevin Fachri Muhammad; Anam Ong; M. Nurhalim Shahib
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Attention and working memory are two cognitive domain crucial for activities of daily living. Physical exercise increases the level of BDNF, IGF-1, and VEGF which contributes in attention and working memory processes.This study was conducted to analyze improvement of attention and working memoryafter programmed physical exercise of Pendidikan Dasar XXI Atlas Medical Pioneer (Pendas XXI AMP).Methods: An analytic observational study was conducted on 47 students from Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran during September-November 2012. Attention was assessed using digit span backward test, stroop test, visual search task, and trail making test. Working memory was assessed using digit span forward test and digit symbol test. Assessment was done on the 11th and 19th week of Pendas XXI AMP. Data distribution was tested first using a test of normality, and then analyzed using T-Dependent Test and Wilcoxon TestResults: Significant improvement was noted for attention in males based on working time for stroop test (26.50±5.66 to 22.03±3.78 seconds), working memory in males based on digit symbol test score (43.96±6.14 to 53.36±5.26 points), attention in females based on reaction time of visual search task for target absent (0.92±0.07 to 0.87±0.07 seconds), and working memory in females based on digit span forward score (5.42±1.30 to 6.63±1.07 points) and digit symbol test score (42.47±5.95 to 53.84±5.33 points.Conclusions: Exercise in Pendas XXI AMP improves attention and working memory for college students in Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran. [AMJ.2015;2(1):291–97]
Knowledge and Attitude towards Prevention and Management of Hypertension in Jatinangor Sub-district Kartika Malahayati; Rudi Supriyadi; Herri S. Sastramihardja
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: There is an increase in prevalence of hypertension all over the world as well as Indonesia. Hypertension affects almost all body organs and systems. Hypertension prevention and management are influenced by knowledge and attitude towards the disease. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge and attitude towards prevention and management of hypertension.Methods: This was a descriptive study with cross–sectional approach conducted in Jatinangor sub-district in 2013. Sample sizes were determined based on proportion of the case in population and precision estimates (95% confidence intervals). One hundred twenty respondents aged 18–60 year-old were selected from population using stratified random sampling method. Hypertensions knowledge and attitude were assessed using validated questioner as the scale measurement. Frequency of knowledge level was presented as three ordinal categories; good, moderate, and poor. Attitude of hypertension was presented as frequency in two categories; relatively positive and relatively negative.Results: Out of 120 respondents administered the questioner, 42.50% had good knowledge; 41.67% had moderate knowledge; 15.83% had poor knowledge related to hypertension prevention and 21.67% had good knowledge; 19.17% had moderate knowledge; 59.17% had poor knowledge related to management of hypertension. Hypertension attitude of respondents were 60.83% relatively positive in topics of hypertension prevention and 39.17% in topics of hypertension management.Conclusions: Respondents are knowledgeable about hypertension prevention but are less knowledgeable about its management. Respondents have relatively positive attitudes towards hypertension prevention. In the other hand, respondents have more relatively negative attitudes towards its management. [AMJ.2016;3(2):222–9]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n2.801
Blood Glucose Level and HbA1C in Pediatric Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 Anisha Sefina Priatna; R. Mohamad Ryadi Fadil; Nugroho Harry Susanto
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (196.111 KB) | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1074

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common disease found all over the world, including Indonesia. The DM often found in pediatric patients is DM Type 1. The DM patients with uncontrolled blood glucose will likely suffer multiple organ damage, most notably to the kidneys, eyes, heart, and nerves. To help monitor blood glucose levels, lab checkups such as fasting blood glucose, 2 hours postprandial, and Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) levels are done. The aim of this study was to determine the profile of blood glucose and HbA1C in pediatric patients  with DM Type 1.Methods: The study was held in August to October 2014, using descriptive method and cross sectional design. Data were obtained from 28 medical records of DM Type 1 patients in the Department of Child Health at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. The variables of this study were blood glucose level and HbA1 in three consecutive examinations. The collected data was presented in tables.Results: The patients were 19 female and 9 male, most of the patients aged between 11–15 years old. Data reported that on first, second, and third examination, most subjects had both fasting blood glucose and 2 hours postprandial blood glucose levels over 180 mg/dl. On first and second HbA1c checkup, most subjects had values over 10%, and on third checkup had results ranging from 8 to 9.9%.Conclusions: Most patients are girls and aged between 11–15 years old. The most have uncontrolled blood glucoselevel and HbA1c levels. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1074
Undernutrition Affects the Occurence of Acute Respiratory Infections in Children under Five Years Old in Cipacing Rural Windi Elsanita; Deni Kurniadi S; Diah Asri Wulandari; Elsa Pudji Setiawati
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Millennium Development Goals’ (MDGs) aims to decrease mortality in children will be achieved if the cause ofmortality include ARIs is eliminated. Acute respiratory infections are influenced by some factorssuch as nutritional status. The objective of this study was to analyze the correlation between nutritional status andthe occurrence of ARIs in children.Methods: This study used retrospective cohort approach during October─November 2012. One hundred and ten mothers with children under five years old with different nutritional status were randomly selected and then asked about their history of respiratory symptoms. Data were analyzed using chi square test.Results: About 66 under five children (60%) with good nutrition status had ARIs occurrence of <7 times and 5 children (4.5%) had ARIs≥7 times. In children with undernutrition, about 30 children (27.3%) had ARIs<7 times and 9 children (8.2%) had ARIs≥7 times. Bivariate analysis result showed that there was a correlation between nutritional status with the occurrence of ARIs in under five children (p<0.05).Conclusions: Acute respiratory tract infections are often experienced by undernutrition children. This study strengthens the essential to correct nutritional status to prevent the infections in children. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n3.497
Relationship between Menstrual Profile and Psychological Stress with Dysmenorrhea Maryam Maryam; Mulyanusa Amarullah Ritonga; Istriati Istriati
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Dysmenorrhea or menstrual cramps is the most common menstrual complaint among reproductive women in developing countries. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea is ranged from 19–91%. Many studies showed that factors associated with dysmenorrhea include a younger age, nulliparity, family history of dysmenorrhea, prolonged menstrual duration, high menstrual flow, psychological factors, and lifestyle. The objective of this study was to compare female medical students with dysmenorrhea and without dysmenorrhea regarding menstrual profile and psychological stress, also to examine the relationship between psychological stress and dysmenorrhea specifically..Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 136 fourth year female medical students of Universitas Padjadjaran. It used a structured, self-assessment, validated, and reliable questionnaire, such as Wong Baker Faces® Pain Rating Scale in combination with Numeric Scale Pain, and Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-42). Then, the descriptive data analysis and chi-square hypothesis test were used to explore the relationship between the severity of psychological stress and the presence or severity of dysmenorrhea.Results: Family history of dysmenorrhea had a strongest relationship with dysmenorrhea. Nevertheless, there was no statistically significant interaction between the severity of stress and the presence of last menstrual cramps (p 0.745, Odd Ratio 1.15, 95% Confidence Interval 0.5–2.66). However, a positive relationship between the severity of stress and dysmenorrhea in last menstruation was found in this study (p 0.033, Odd Ratio 3.69, 95% Confidence Interval 1.06–12.8).Conclusions: The severity of stress and dysmenorrhea in last menstruation is related among the subjects with dysmenorrhea. [AMJ.2016;3(3):382–7]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n3.884 
Relationship between Body Mass Index with Menstrual Cycle in Senior High School Students Rinasyah Ganesh; Lola Ilona; Ryadi Fadil
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: In recent years, there is an escalation of menstrual disorders in both developing and developed countries. One of the important factors that contribute to menstrual disorders is body fat content. In developing countries like Indonesia, young women in certain cultures get married at average age of 16 years. At the same time, the number of malnourishment among adolescent is increasing. This study was conducted to analyze the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and menstrual cycle in senior high school students.Methods: This study included 330 girls ages 15−17. This study was conducted in Jatinangor, Sumedang from the period of August–October 2013 using a cross-sectional study. Questionnaires assessing their menstruation and their weight and height were collected after obtaining the respondents consent.The collected data were analyzed using the independent T-test.Results: Most of the respondents had normal BMI, menstrual interval, amount and duration. There was no relationship between BMI and menstrual interval and menstrual amount (0.74 and 0.878 respectively), however there was relationship between BMI and menstrual period (p= 0.036).Conclusions: Menstrual abnormalities among female adolescents are common. Based on this study, BMI seems to be moderately associated with menstrual cycle, especially with menstrual period, although a possibility still remains that body fat affects the menstruation superiorly. [AMJ.2015;2(4):555–60] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n4.640
Correlation of Personal Hygiene Knowledge, Attitude and Practices among School Children in Sumedang, Indonesia Briska Sudjana; Irvan Afriandi; Julistio T. B. Djais
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 4 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: School-age children make up the largest proportion of Indonesian youth population. One of the ways to maintain children’s health is by making personal hygiene as a habit. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation of personal hygiene knowledge, attitude and practices among school children. Methods: A cross-sectional analytic study, was carried out to 123 sixth graders at five elementary schools in Jatinangor , Sumedang, Indonesia, who were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. This study was carried out in October 2013. A validated questionnaire was used to collect data of demographic characteristics of the subjects, knowledge, attitude and practice related to personal hygiene.The collected data was analyzed using Rank Spearman correlation with the level of significance was set at p< 0.05.Results: This study revealed that there was a significant correlation between knowledge and personal hygiene practice (p=0.016<0.05 and rs=0.358) and attitudes and personal hygiene practice (p=0.027<0.05 and rs=0.267).Conclusions: There is correlation of personal hygiene knowledge, attitudes and practices, however, the correlation is weak. [AMJ.2016;3(4):549–55]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n4.937

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