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INDONESIA
Jurnal KALAM
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung
ISSN : 08539510     EISSN : 25407759     DOI : -
Core Subject : Religion, Education,
Religion Education
KALAM (ISSN 0853-9510; E-ISSN: 2540-7759) is a journal published by the Ushuluddin Faculty, Raden Intan State Islamic University of Lampung, INDONESIA. KALAM published twice a year. KALAM focused on the Islamic studies, especially the basic sciences of Islam, including the study of the Qur’an, Hadith, Islamic Philosophy, Theology, and Mysticism. It is intended to communicate original research and current issues on the subject. This journal warmly welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines. Every article submitted and will be published by Kalam will review by two peer review through a double-blind review process. KALAM has been accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, the Republic of Indonesia as an academic journal (SK Dirjen PRP Kemenristekdikti No. 1/E/KPT/2015).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 222 Documents
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Tawhidic-Communicative Gender Reconstruction: An Integration Model of Critical Social Theory and Islamic Philosophy in the Study of Gender Justice in Indonesian Pesantren Ghozi, Ghozi; R, Mohammad Balyan
KALAM Vol 19 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/202519232314

Abstract

This study examines the reconstruction of gender justice at the Miftahul Ulum Al-Islamy Islamic Boarding School (Pesantren) through the intersection of critical social theory and contemporary Islamic philosophy. As a traditional institution, the pesantren occupies an ambivalent position: on one hand, it reproduces patriarchal structures through the authority of the kyai (religious leader) and the yellow books (classical Islamic texts); on the other hand, it holds transformative potential through the agency of the Nyai (female religious leader) and the reinterpretation of fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) texts. Using a qualitative-philosophical approach with critical hermeneutic methods, this study synthesizes the thoughts of Foucault, Habermas, and the philosophy of tawhid (divine unity). Data were collected through curriculum analysis and in-depth interviews with Bu Nyai (the female religious leader) and students. The findings indicate that although the curriculum functions as a mechanism of gender discipline, there exists a dualism between hierarchical and egalitarian discourses. Here, the Nyai acts as an epistemic mediator who negotiates classical texts with contemporary realities, while tawhidic ontology and maqasid al-shariah (objectives of Islamic law) serve as the normative foundation for gender justice. As an original contribution, this study offers the Tawhidic-Communicative Gender Reconstruction model. This interdisciplinary integrative framework provides a new perspective in pesantren gender studies capable of bridging Islamic theology with modern communicative rationality to achieve a more systemically just educational order. [Penelitian ini mengkaji rekonstruksi keadilan gender di Pondok Pesantren Miftahul Ulum Al-Islamy melalui interseksi teori sosial kritis dan filsafat Islam kontemporer. Sebagai institusi tradisional, pesantren berada dalam posisi ambivalen: mereproduksi struktur patriarkal melalui otoritas kyai dan kitab kuning, sekaligus menyimpan potensi transformatif melalui agensi Nyai dan reinterpretasi teks fikih. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif-filosofis dengan metode hermeneutik kritis, studi ini mensinergikan pemikiran Foucault, Habermas, dan filsafat tauhid. Data dihimpun melalui analisis kurikulum dan wawancara mendalam bersama Bu Nyai serta santri. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa meskipun kurikulum berfungsi sebagai mekanisme disiplin gender, terdapat dualisme antara wacana hierarkis dan egaliter. Di sini, Nyai berperan sebagai mediator epistemik yang menegosiasikan teks klasik dengan realitas kontemporer, sementara ontologi tauhidik dan maqasid al-syariah menjadi fondasi normatif keadilan gender. Sebagai kontribusi orisinal, penelitian ini menawarkan model Tawhidic-Communicative Gender Reconstruction. Kerangka integratif interdisipliner ini memberikan perspektif baru dalam studi gender pesantren yang mampu menjembatani teologi Islam dengan rasionalitas komunikatif modern guna mewujudkan tatanan pendidikan yang lebih adil secara sistemik.]
Religious Legitimation in Family-Based Terrorism in Indonesia: A 3N Model Analysis of the 2018 Surabaya Bombings Suratno; Siraj, Fuad Mahbub
KALAM Vol 19 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/202519219001

Abstract

The 2018 Surabaya church bombings marked a turning point in the emergence of family-based terrorism in Indonesia, demonstrating how religious beliefs can be used to legitimize violence involving entire families. This study examines how religious legitimation is constructed within family-based terrorism through narratives, needs, and networks by applying Kruglanski et al.'s 3N Model. Using library research with a qualitative descriptive-narrative approach, this study analyzes the ideological construction underlying the 2018 Surabaya bombings. The findings reveal that religious legitimation is differently constructed among family members. Fathers tend to adopt concrete narratives that explicitly justify violent jihad; mothers internalize more abstract narratives that reinforce ideological commitment, while children receive latent narratives through socialization and obedience. The study also identifies a shift in the interpretation of qitāl jihad from qitāl tamkīn to qitāl nikāyah as the dominant collective narrative. Moreover, fathers are primarily driven by ideological needs, mothers by psychological needs, and children by subordinated needs, all reinforced through pro-ISIS networks such as JAD, JAK, JAT, and MIT. The study concludes that religious legitimation constitutes a key theological mechanism sustaining family-based terrorism and highlights the importance of theological counter-narratives alongside multi-level prevention strategies.

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