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INDONESIA
'ADALAH
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
ADALAH is “one of the ten most influential law journals in the world, based on research influence and impact factors,” in the Journal Citation Reports. ADALAH also publishes student-written work.Adalah publishes pieces on recent developments in law and reviews of new books in the field. Past student work has been awarded the International Law Students Association’s Francis Deak Prize for the top student-written article published in a student-edited international law journal.
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Articles 430 Documents
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The Nature of Legal Sovereignty in a Country in a Philosophical Dimension Yunus, Nur Rohim
BULETIN ADALAH Vol. 3 No. 6 (2019): Philosophy of State
Publisher : UIN Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/adalah.v3i6.45659

Abstract

Essai ini membahas konsep kedaulatan hukum dalam perspektif filsafat politik, mengupas peran fundamental hukum dalam mengatur negara modern yang berlandaskan pada prinsip supremasi hukum (rule of law). Dalam konteks filosofis, kedaulatan hukum tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai instrumen pengaturan, tetapi juga sebagai refleksi nilai-nilai keadilan dan perlindungan hak asasi manusia (Locke, 1689; Rawls, 1971).Pembahasan diawali dengan penelusuran sejarah perkembangan kedaulatan hukum, mulai dari era absolutisme yang menempatkan kekuasaan raja sebagai otoritas mutlak (Hobbes, 1651), hingga munculnya konstitusionalisme yang membatasi kekuasaan negara dan menjamin hak-hak warga negara (Montesquieu, 1748). Essai ini kemudian mengupas paradoks antara kedaulatan hukum dan hak asasi manusia, di mana hukum dapat menjadi alat perlindungan sekaligus pembatasan kebebasan individu (Schmitt, 1922; Agamben, 2005).Selanjutnya, essai ini mengkritisi penerapan kedaulatan hukum dalam negara modern yang sering dipolitisasi untuk legitimasi kekuasaan. Pembahasan juga menekankan pentingnya demokrasi konstitusional dalam menjamin checks and balances agar hukum dapat ditegakkan secara adil dan transparan (Rawls, 1971).Sebagai penutup, essai ini menguraikan tantangan kedaulatan hukum dalam era globalisasi dan kemajuan teknologi. Negara dituntut untuk beradaptasi dengan perkembangan digital agar hukum tetap relevan dalam mengatur yurisdiksi lintas negara dan mengatasi ancaman siber (Habermas, 1998). Essai ini menegaskan bahwa kedaulatan hukum yang kuat dan berkeadilan merupakan fondasi bagi terciptanya negara demokratis yang menjunjung tinggi hak asasi manusia.
The Dilemma of Legal Sovereignty in a Country in a Philosophical Dimension Yunus, Nur Rohim
BULETIN ADALAH Vol. 3 No. 6 (2019): Philosophy of State
Publisher : UIN Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/adalah.v3i6.45660

Abstract

Esai ini membahas secara mendalam dilema kedaulatan hukum dalam negara modern dari perspektif filosofis, menyoroti ketegangan antara penegakan hukum, hak asasi manusia, dan kekuasaan negara. Dalam konteks negara modern, kedaulatan hukum seharusnya menjamin supremasi hukum yang adil dan mengatur kekuasaan negara agar tidak bertindak sewenang-wenang (Locke, 1689). Namun, dalam praktiknya, sering kali terjadi penyalahgunaan hukum sebagai alat legitimasi kekuasaan, terutama dalam situasi darurat yang mengancam keberlangsungan negara (Schmitt, 1922; Agamben, 2005).Esai ini mengupas paradoks antara kedaulatan hukum dan hak asasi manusia dalam negara demokratis, di mana negara berhak membatasi hak individu demi keamanan nasional, namun berisiko melanggar prinsip-prinsip keadilan (Schmitt, 1922). Dari sudut pandang postmodernisme, kedaulatan hukum dikritik sebagai instrumen dominasi negara terhadap masyarakat, dengan hukum digunakan untuk mengontrol dan menormalisasi perilaku individu (Foucault, 1977).Selain itu, globalisasi dan kemajuan teknologi turut mempersulit penerapan kedaulatan hukum karena pengaruh kuat dari hukum internasional dan tantangan yurisdiksi lintas negara (Habermas, 1998). Esai ini menawarkan solusi filosofis dengan mengintegrasikan prinsip demokrasi konstitusional yang mengedepankan checks and balances serta kesadaran akan kedaulatan Tuhan yang menuntut hukum ditegakkan berdasarkan prinsip moral dan keadilan universal (Rawls, 1971; Al-Attas, 1993).Dengan pendekatan filosofis ini, esai ini mengusulkan transformasi kedaulatan hukum dari sekadar instrumen negara menjadi kesadaran etis yang menghormati nilai-nilai keadilan hakiki.
Terminology of Sovereignty in Philosophical Dimension Yunus, Nur Rohim
BULETIN ADALAH Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : UIN Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/adalah.v8i1.45790

Abstract

Essay ini mengulas konsep kedaulatan dalam perspektif filsafat, yang melibatkan perjalanan panjang pemikiran dari otoritas absolut penguasa hingga supremasi hukum dan kehendak rakyat. Dimulai dengan Jean Bodin yang memperkenalkan konsep kedaulatan absolut, diikuti oleh perkembangan pemikiran filsuf seperti Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, dan Jean-Jacques Rousseau melalui teori kontrak sosial yang menekankan pada legitimasi rakyat. Hans Kelsen kemudian menggeser fokus kedaulatan menuju sistem hukum, menyarankan bahwa negara seharusnya berlandaskan pada supremasi hukum dan bukan kekuasaan individu. Namun, dengan tantangan globalisasi, konsep kedaulatan tradisional menghadapi perubahan signifikan, di mana negara semakin tergantung pada kerjasama internasional. Kedaulatan kini lebih bersifat dinamis dan kontekstual, harus menyeimbangkan kewajiban internasional tanpa mengabaikan prinsip-prinsip dasar seperti legitimasi kekuasaan, ketertiban sosial, dan perlindungan hak-hak rakyat. Meskipun demikian, kedaulatan tetap berperan penting dalam menjaga stabilitas, keadilan, dan kesejahteraan dalam masyarakat modern yang semakin terhubung.
Sovereignty Depends on the Existence of the State in the Philosophical Dimension Yunus, Nur Rohim
BULETIN ADALAH Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : UIN Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/adalah.v8i1.45791

Abstract

This essay discusses the inherent relationship between sovereignty and the state and the state's role in realising and implementing sovereignty. Sovereignty, which refers to the highest power in a territory, cannot exist without the state as a legitimate political entity. The state is the foundation of sovereignty, acting as an institution that enforces the law, protects the rights of citizens, and maintains order and security. Through the social contract theory, the state emerges from social agreement to ensure security and justice. The state has the power to make laws, enforce rules, and resolve disputes, which reflects the operationalisation of sovereignty in the life of society. In the international context, sovereignty is recognised as the main attribute of a legitimate state, but it is not absolute because the state must comply with international norms. International recognition of the state is essential for the legitimacy of sovereignty, allowing states to interact at the global level. In conclusion, sovereignty can only exist effectively if a state exercises it, so the state acts as a pillar supporting sovereignty in the legal structure and international system.
Relations between State and Sovereignty in the Philosophical Dimension Yunus, Nur Rohim
BULETIN ADALAH Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : UIN Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/adalah.v8i2.45799

Abstract

This essay discusses the fundamental relationship between the state and sovereignty, which are the main pillars of the modern political system. Sovereignty provides legitimacy to the state to run a legitimate and effective government, while the state serves as a vessel for implementing that sovereignty. Using perspectives from classical and modern thinkers such as Schmitt, Hobbes, and Fukuyama, the author explores how sovereignty allows the state to act independently and maintain domestic and international stability. In the context of globalisation, challenges to state sovereignty are increasingly complex, including foreign intervention and limitations on state policy due to international agreements. On the other hand, the importance of stable state institutional strength in maintaining sovereignty is increasingly emphasised, especially in facing external threats and domestic conflicts. The relationship between the state and sovereignty can be maintained sustainably by strengthening state institutions, respecting international law, and promoting public participation in politics. In conclusion, a sovereign state must be able to maintain a balance between power and justice to ensure legitimacy and stability in an ever-evolving political order.
Independence is Sovereignty in the Philosophical Dimension Yunus, Nur Rohim
BULETIN ADALAH Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : UIN Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/adalah.v8i2.45800

Abstract

This essay discusses the close relationship between independence and sovereignty of a state, as well as the challenges faced in the era of globalisation. The independence of a state does not only mean freedom from colonialism, but also includes the full right to regulate domestic affairs without external intervention. State sovereignty is the power to run the government, make policies, and maintain domestic stability. International recognition strengthens independence and autonomy, allowing the state to participate in the global system. However, globalisation creates challenges, where states often face international pressures that reduce the room for sovereignty. Therefore, states must develop strong institutional capacity and strengthen internal stability to maintain sovereignty. By strengthening the legal system and international relations, states can maintain their integrity and respond to increasingly complex global dynamics.
Absolute Power is Sovereignty in the Philosophical Dimension Yunus, Nur Rohim
BULETIN ADALAH Vol. 8 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : UIN Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/adalah.v8i3.45806

Abstract

This essay examines the concept of sovereignty as the highest power in a state, focusing on the absolutist view that views sovereignty as the absolute power of the ruler. In a historical perspective, especially in medieval Europe, to the era of absolute monarchy, the highest power was considered to belong to the king, who was not limited by law or other institutions. Jean Bodin became an important figure who formulated sovereignty as the power that cannot be divided and comes from divine legitimacy. However, this view was challenged by liberal thinkers such as John Locke, who rejected absolute power and emphasised that true sovereignty lies in the hands of the people. He introduced the idea of limiting power through law and protecting fundamental individual rights, becoming the foundation of the modern legal state theory. In the current democratic system, sovereignty is manifested in the form of the supremacy of law, separation of powers, and popular participation. In the era of globalisation, the concept of absolute sovereignty is increasingly eroded. The state must submit to international law and agreements, showing that sovereignty is now limited and interrelated. This essay closes with a reflection on the fact that absolutism of power as sovereignty has evolved in the dynamics of the times.
Sovereignty is Superiority in the Philosophical Dimension Yunus, Nur Rohim
BULETIN ADALAH Vol. 8 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : UIN Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/adalah.v8i3.45807

Abstract

This essay discusses the concept of sovereignty as the central pillar of a state's identity and superiority in the international order. Sovereignty is not just the highest power, but also the basis for a state's independence, integrity, and authority to determine its fate without external intervention. Through the perspective of thinkers such as Jean Bodin and Hans Kelsen, sovereignty is understood as the right of a state to regulate domestic affairs and maintain its integrity amidst global dynamics. Although globalisation challenges state authority, sovereignty remains a flexible and adaptive principle, allowing states to interact within equal international relations. Sovereignty also affirms the principle of non-intervention respected in international law. In the era of globalisation, despite interdependence, states must be able to maintain autonomy to protect national interests. Sovereignty symbolises the greatness and dignity of a nation that cannot be mortgaged or compromised, reflecting the right of a state to freely determine the direction of policy and maintain domestic and international stability. This essay emphasises that sovereignty must continue to be preserved, respected, and upheld to maintain the independence and identity of the nation.
The Significance of Sovereignty in the Context of the Modern State in a Philosophical Dimension Yunus, Nur Rohim
BULETIN ADALAH Vol. 8 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : UIN Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/adalah.v8i4.45833

Abstract

This essay discusses the significance of sovereignty in the context of the modern state, highlighting the transformation of the concept of sovereignty and the development of globalisation, technology, and international interdependence. Initially, sovereignty was understood as the absolute power of a state to regulate its domestic affairs. However, sovereignty must be adjusted to international norms and human rights in the global era. Globalisation and digital threats require states to balance domestic interests and global obligations. This essay also raises the dilemma of international intervention and the role of sovereignty in facing these challenges. Therefore, a more flexible, inclusive, and participatory sovereignty reinterpretation is needed, considering the state's responsibilities to its citizens and international cooperation. With this approach, state sovereignty can remain relevant and effective in responding to the challenges of the times, such as globalisation and climate change, while maintaining identity, security, and social welfare.
Globalization Challenges to State Sovereignty in Philosophical Dimension Yunus, Nur Rohim
BULETIN ADALAH Vol. 8 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : UIN Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/adalah.v8i4.45834

Abstract

This essay discusses the challenges faced by state sovereignty in the era of globalisation by integrating the perspective of political philosophy. Globalisation, which increases the interconnectedness of states, has a significant impact on the concept of state sovereignty, especially in economic, cultural, and political aspects. In the financial field, globalisation limits state domestic policies through global market pressures and international agreements. Contemporary political philosophy includes the debate between maintaining state sovereignty and global responsibilities, such as international justice and cross-border solidarity. Cultural globalisation threatens national identity, where global values often replace local cultures. States must formulate wise policies to maintain national autonomy while adapting to global changes. In this context, political philosophy offers a normative framework emphasising the balance between domestic interests and international responsibilities, to realise a more just and harmonious world.

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