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INDONESIA
CHEMICA Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Published by Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
ISSN : 2355875X     EISSN : 23558776     DOI : 10.26555
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Energy
CHEMICA Jurnal Teknik Kimia ISSN, 2355-875X (print) 2355-8776 (online) is a journal that publishes manuscripts or scientific papers in Chemical Engineering. The scope of this journal covers chemical reaction techniques, separation, optimization, process control, process system engineering, waste treatment, food and material technology. Journals are published in print and online twice a year, in June and December by Chemical Engineering Program, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta.
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Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 8, No 1 (2021): June 2021" : 8 Documents clear
The Effect of Glycerol and Chitosan Variation Composition on the Quality of Biodegradable Plastics from Sugar Palm Starch (Arenga pinnata) Oninda Bella Shavira; Ahmad Fuadi
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 8, No 1 (2021): June 2021
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v8i1.15521

Abstract

Bioplastics are plastics that are easily degraded in nature, which can minimize their potential as pollutants. It is mainly made from agro-polymers such as cellulose and starch. Starch from sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) has the gelatinization principle and requires bioplastic raw materials by adding glycerol and chitosan. This research aims to determine the effect of addition glycerol and chitosan composition variation on the bioplastic mechanical properties. The research method used a completely randomized design method factorial (RAL-factorial) with one treatment factor carried out in 2 stages. The first step was mixing 4 grams of sugar palm starch and chitosan with variations (5 grams, 6 grams, and 7 grams). The second step was mixing starch and chitosan with glycerol with variations (2 mL and 3 mL). Based on data provided by statistics and mechanical nature tests, it could be concluded that the more volume of glycerol and chitosan added, the value of tensile strength will increase; on the contrary, the elongation value at the break, air resistance, biodegradation increases. The value of air resistance is 109.37%, with the composition of glycerol 3 mL and chitosan 5 grams. The tensile strength value is 11 Mpa with the composition of glycerol 3 mL and chitosan 7 grams. The elongation value is 6.67%, with the composition of glycerol 3 mL and chitosan 5 grams. The biodegradation increase is 79% with the composition of glycerol 2 mL and chitosan 5 grams.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nata de Coco Based Edible film with the Addition of Cinnamon Oil Dwi Ayu Stephanie; Marfuatun Marfuatun; Imam Arifin
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 8, No 1 (2021): June 2021
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v8i1.17746

Abstract

The edible film is an alternative packaging with renewable and safe materials. The edible film used is methylcellulose from nata de coco with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) plasticizers and cinnamon oil additives. This research aimed to determine the effect of PVA on the mechanical properties of edible film and the effect of adding cinnamon oil on the character of edible film. PVA added were 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and cinnamon oil added were 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%. The mechanical properties of the edible film were observed by tensile strength tester, whereas water vapor absorption by gravimetric method. The result showed the optimum mechanical properties of the edible film was addition PVA 15% which was 1.565 MPa. The more cinnamon oil was added, the mechanical properties of edible film tend to decrease, however, the water vapor absorption tends to increase. The addition of cinnamon oil also showed antimicrobial activity that the fungus did not grow on the edible film.
Bioprocess Potentials of Squalene from Thraustochytrids Microalgae for Nutraceuticals in New Normal Era Isolated from Indonesian Mangroves: A Review Suhendra Suhendra; Tresya Pantoiyo; Sarah Fazlia; Endah Sulistiawati; Rachma Tia Evitasari
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 8, No 1 (2021): June 2021
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v8i1.19121

Abstract

The covid-19 pandemic has been increasing people's awareness of good eating habits and consumption to maintain their health. Accordingly, the choice shifted more to consume nutraceutical and functional food to provide a beneficial impact. One of the essential and attractive nutraceuticals is squalene (C30H50). Squalene is a precursor for biosynthesis in all human steroids and has a long history as an essential compound in the pharmaceutical industry. A common source of this terpenoid comes from the liver oil of a deep-sea shark. However, the strategy for squalene production from liver sharks encountered environmental and political barriers due to strict nature protection regulations. The renewed scientific interest has found microalgae from the thraustochytrids family as a promising future source of squalene. Thraustochytrids is a group of Osmo-heterotrophic marine microalgae, which can be found commonly in mangrove are, has recently gained increased attention owing to its promising biotechnological potentials. As the country with the largest mangrove forest globally, Indonesia has the highest biodiversity potentials of Thraustochytrids. Unfortunately, the study on the potential of bioprocess technology using Thraustochytrids microalgae from Indonesian mangrove forests for squalene production has received less attention from researchers. Therefore, this paper presents Thraustochytrids' potential from Indonesian mangrove forests as a sustainable source of squalene production that can replace raw material from shark liver oil. This paper summarizes all selected strains used in the previous study and their operating parameters. Based on our review study, the most productive Thraustochytrid producing squalene comes from the Aurantiochytrium sp. 18W-13a–1, which operated in a temperature-controlled reciprocal 500 mL shaker of Sakaguchi flask (25 °C, 100 strokes min − 1,70 mm amplitude) and used nutrients of 2.0% glucose, 1.0% tryptone, 0.5 g /l yeast, and 50% artificial seawater (ASW). Compared to squalene from other sources (yeast, bacteria, and plants), Thraustochytrid can yield more squalene. Bioprocess engineering aspects and the general uses of squalene are also presented, including the notable developments in the adjuvant vaccine of Covid-19, anti-aging substance, and anti-cancer applications. 
Effect of Time and Reaction Speed on Making Liquid Soap in Terms of Viscosity and Density Values Erna Astuti; Aster Rahayu; Endah Sulistiawati
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 8, No 1 (2021): June 2021
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v8i1.14722

Abstract

Soap is a product from the hydrolysis of fats into fatty acids and glycerol under alkaline conditions, known as the saponification process. Many factors affect the saponification process to produce liquid soap with proper quality, including viscosity and density values. Saponification time and stirring speed are factors that affect the soap quality to be observed. Using strong bases and strong acids from electrolysis machines as well as coconut oil as a natural comperland are the innovations in this study. The results obtained are liquid soap in accordance with SNI 06-4085-1996, where the expected density ranges from (1.01-1.10 gr/cm3) and viscosity (400-20000 cP). Based on the current results, the most optimal results in accordance with SNI 06-4085-1996 are 24 hours for saponification time and stirring for 40 minutes, with a density of 1.083 gr/ml and viscosity of 482.0755 cP.
Swelling Degree of Carrageenan-Corncob Bead Gel in Various Media Sperisa Distantina; Saktika Rofi'ah Haryani; Rif'ah Ulfatun Hasanah; Mujtahid Kaavessina
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 8, No 1 (2021): June 2021
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v8i1.20133

Abstract

Bead hydrogels were prepared from carrageenan-corncob mixture by physically and chemically crosslinking. The aims are to investigate the effect of carrageenan-corncob weight ratio and glutaraldehyde crosslinking on the swelling degree properties. The mixture of various carrageenan-corncob weight ratio (1:2, 1:1, 2:1, and 1:0) was dropped into KCl and CaCl2 solution and then the obtained bead gels was dried. The dried bead gel was crosslinked using glutaraldehyde 4%. The swelling degree behavior of the bead gels were tested in distilled water, 0.1M NaCl, and synthetic urine. The bead gels based on the mixture of carrageenan-corncob exhibited the hydrogel property. The highest swelling degree is carrageenan-corncob bead gels in the ratio of 1:0. The highest swelling degree is found in the distilled water and the lowest is in the synthetic urine. The 4% glutaraldehyde crosslinking does not show specific different results for carrageenan-corncob bead gels.
Effect of Solvent Types on Characteristics of Elephant Ginger Oleoresin (Zingiber officinale, Rosc) with Leaching Process Rizka Mila Nurdiana; Nur Laili Indah Pamungkas; Bambang Wahyudi
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 8, No 1 (2021): June 2021
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v8i1.20477

Abstract

Ginger is one of the important agricultural commodities for the Indonesian economy. Ginger contains (Zingiber officinale, Rosc) oleoresin and essential oils. This research aims to find out whether the type of solvent and mass of ginger affects the result and characteristic of oleoresin produced. The method has been used in this research is solid-liquid extraction (leaching). The variables used are solvent types (ethanol, n-hexane, ethanol:hexane) with a volume 1000 ml and mass of  ginger (100, 150, 200, 250, 300 grams).  The results showed that Ethanol solvent produced the highest yield of 11.663% at a ginger mass of 100 grams, while n-hexane solvent produced the smallest oleoresin yield of 1.5474% at a ginger mass of 300 grams. Analysis of oleoresin quality characteristics consists of density value, solubility in alcohol, contained components, refractive index and optical rotation is carried out on extract with the highest yield. The extract was analyzed by GC-MS to determine its content. The result of analysis showed the presence of gingerol (58.97%) and shogaol (4.65%) on extract. In addition to the optical rotation value, oleoresin has quality characteristics that are in accordance with the established quality standards.
Activation of Coconut Shell Charcoal and Application for Bleaching Used Cooking Oil Siti Jamilatun; Martomo Setyawan; Lutfiatul Janah; Rifka Alfiyani; Ilham Mufandi
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 8, No 1 (2021): June 2021
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v8i1.20085

Abstract

This study aimed to determine coconut shell-activated charcoal's ability in the bleaching process of used cooking oil. Activation of coconut shell charcoal was carried out using 5N H2SO4 solution. Activated charcoal is made through a pyrolysis process at a temperature of 350 ⁰C for 1 hour. The experiment was carried out in four stages: activation of activated charcoal, testing the characteristics of activated charcoal, bleaching used cooking oil, and testing the characteristics of used cooking oil. The characteristic test of activated charcoal is moisture content, ash content, and iodine absorption rate. Meanwhile, used cooking oil characteristics were carried out in water content, specific gravity, and color test. The results showed that the ash content of activated charcoal was 2.4-2.8 %, the water content of activated charcoal was 0.5-1%, the iodine absorption content was relatively high, namely 371,896-548,745 mg/g. The water content of used cooking oil was 0.493-0.503 %, the specific gravity of used cooking oil was between 0.888-0.892 %, and the absorbance was between 0.001-0.006. The results of this study were standardized using the Indonesian National Standard Method (SNI). The results show that 40 mesh of activated charcoal is better than 20 mesh.
The Nata de Coco Quality Analysis for Making Fiber-Rich Instant Drink Powder Natalia Peni; Melania Priska
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 8, No 1 (2021): June 2021
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v8i1.20479

Abstract

One of the potentials of coconut water that is widely developed in Indonesia is nata de coco. Nata de coco is the result of the fermentation of coconut water which is added by Acetobacter xylum. The research aim was to determine the quality of nata de coco as the basic material for making instant drink powder (IDP) which consists of natural flavors of orange, mango, and soursop. The step of the research was making a starter, making nata de coco, making IDP, and testing the quality of IDP (water content, specific gravity, taste, water solubility, and fiber). Data were analyzed using Tukey's significant difference test with a significance of 0.05%. The results showed that the water content of the IDP three flavors was less than 3%. Mango specific gratify is also higher but the orange flavor is the one of taste that people really like. The level of solubility in water shows that soursop is higher solubility. The fiber content of IDP orange is higher than mango and soursop. Therefore, nata de coco can be used as a raw material for making IDP.

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