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INDONESIA
Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Published by Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jawa Timur
ISSN : 19780419     EISSN : 26558394     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Jurnal Teknik kimia fokus pada proses perpindahan panas dan massa, material maju, teknik reaksi kimia, pengolahan dan pengelolaan limbah, biomassa dan energi, termodinamika, biokimia, elektrokimia, perancangan dan pengendalian proses, proses pencampuran dan pemisahan. Rung lingkup (Scope) Jurnal Teknik Kimia meliputi semua aspek yang berhubungan dengan bidang teknik kimia, ilmu kimia. dan semua proses reaksi kimia.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 274 Documents
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ANALISIS PERPINDAHAN PANAS DENGAN KONVEKSI BEBAS DAN RADIASI PADA PENUKAR PANAS JENIS PIPA DAN KAWAT Made Arsana, Fathurrahman Malik, Wahyudi Priyono, Ali Alway, Zuhdi Ma’sum
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2012): Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jurnal_tekkim.v7i1.444

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze the influence of geometry  on the efficiency and capacity of the wire and tube heat exchanger, and present the simulation and experimental validation. Simulations were conducted using finite element method by taking into account free convection and radiation heat transfer. The geometry change was performed to wire diameter and pitch. Calculation was made by dividing heat exchanger into elements. The calculation was performed from the first element. The out temperature of the first element was used for counting the heat flow rate of the next element. This procedure was repeated until the last element. Experimental validation was performed by measuring the surface temperature of the pipe on the specified locations. The validation shows the percentage error of 5%. The highest value of heat exchange capacity per weight is produced at dw = 1mm/pw = 21mm. The highest Qtot and the lowest Tout are produced at dw 1.5/pw 14 mm. From this study, we get that the flow rate of heat produced at dw 1.5 mm/pw 14 mm increases by 4%, and the weight of heat exchangers decreases by 19%, compared to the heat exchanger on the market. Key words: efficiency. finite element, heat capacity, pitch wire, wire diameter.
BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK JARAK PAGAR DENGAN VARIASI PENAMBAHAN CO-SOLVENT DAN WAKTU REAKSI Elvianto Dwi Daryono, M.Istnaeny Hudha, Muyassaroh
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2012): Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jurnal_tekkim.v7i1.445

Abstract

Transesterification reaction in biodiesel manufacturing process is slow because it takes place in a two-phase system.  This problem can be overcome by adding a co-solvent that is not reactive. The addition of co-solvent aims to form a single phase system. Therefore, this study is conducted with the aim  of understanding the effect of adding co-solvent of methyl ester Tetra Hydro Furan (THF) produced in the transesterification reaction of biodiesel from Jatropha curcas oil (Jatropha oil). The variables studied were the number of THF and reaction time. In addition, transesterification reactions are also carried out without the addition of co-solvent (conventional method) for comparison. The reaction temperature is maintained at 300C and atmospheric pressure. The results showed that transesterification reaction with the addition of co-solvent is 2-10 minutes faster than the conventional reaction. Transesterification reaction with the addition of co-solvent produces higher methyl ester amount than conventional methods. 94.79% methyl ester amount is achieved when the mass ratio of THF:Methanol = 2:1, molar ratio of Jatropha oil: Methanol = 1:6 and 1.3% NaOH catalyst-weight. Keywords: biodiesel, co-solvent, Jatropha oil, transesterification
KINETIKA REAKSI TRANSESTERIFIKASI MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT Jimmy, Jimmy
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2012): Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jurnal_tekkim.v7i1.446

Abstract

Reaction kinetics data is one of the models which can help in making transesterification process efficient. This research aims to learn the kinetics of transesterification reaction of palm oil, and to make the research data usable as initial data for further research. To obtain the best kinetics data, we used temperature variation of 30, 45, and 60 oC, NaOH concentration of 1% of the oil weight, molar ratio of oil:methanol is 1:6. Reaction times used in this stud are2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 minutes. Transesterification of palm oil takes place in the second order reaction with temperature of 600C, the best reaction rate  0.0158 mol/(L.minute, reaction rate constant k1 = 1,6846x10-4 L/(mol.minute) and k2 = 5.1872x10-5L/(mol.minute), conversion 86.61% FAME(Fatty Acid Methyl Ester).
PENINGKATAN KANDUNGAN PROTEIN ABON NANGKA MUDA Harimbi Setyawati, Annastasiya Bou Panawar Purba, Dwi Ana Anggorowati
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2012): Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jurnal_tekkim.v7i1.447

Abstract

Lack of protein content in young jackfruit as shredded raw materials motivated us to do a fermentation process, with the aim of increasing the protein content so that it can become suitable for consumption with 25.398% protein content, which equals that of shredded beef. The existing shredded young jackfruit has protein levels ranging from 15%. In the fermentation process, tempeh yeast and tape yeast are added. Yeast inoculum dose is added as much as 0.5 gr/200 gr for 4 days. Fermentation process treatment for 4 days can increase the protein content from 5.506% to 9.361% with tempeh yeast, and there is 10.591% increase with tape yeast. The best levels of protein from fermentation are used for the manufacture of shredded young jackfruit with the addition of spices, and then fried with frying times: 30, 35, 40, 45, and 50 minutes. From this research the best results were obtained: 40 minutes frying time, 25.398% protein content, fat content of 26.972%, 28.294% carbohydrate, water content of 5.731%, and negative Ecoli bacteria. Key words:  shredded, fermentation, protein enhancement, young jackfruit.
EKSTRAKSI PEKTIN DARI LABU SIAM Dwi Daryono, Elvianto
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2012): Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jurnal_tekkim.v7i1.448

Abstract

Squash have pectin content about 6,7%. The common usage of pectin is in food industry, farmation and cosmetics. This research aims of extracting pectin from squash with research variables: HCl concentrations (1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 N) and extraction times (30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes). Conditions of operation: weight of squash is 0.25 kg, heated temperature of materials is 60 oC, heated time of materials is 6 hours, solvents temperature is 80 oC, solvent volume is 1 liters, ethanol concentration is 70% and speed turn is around 60 rpm. Research procedure is made of three steps: pretreatment of materials, extraction process, and result analysis. The best result:  extraction time at 2 hours with the concentration of HCl 2 N, where concentration of metoksil pectin highest is 6.57%. Key words: extraction, metoksil, pectin, squash
PRODUKSI ASAM LEMAK DARI MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN PROSES HIDROLISIS Setyopratomo, Puguh
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2012): Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jurnal_tekkim.v7i1.449

Abstract

In this research work fatty acid was produced by hydrolysis of crude palm oil using hydrochloric acid catalyst. The hydrolysis was performed in 1 liter stirred spherical glass reactor. Agitation speed was maintained at 450 rpm, whereas oil bath was used to maintain the reaction mixture temperature. The reaction mixture temperature was varied at 40 oC, 60 oC, and 80 oC, whereas crude palm oil/ water mol ratio was varied at 1:3, 1:6, 1:9, and 1:12. The experiment results showed that the reaction equilibrium had not been achieved yet after the reaction running for 8 hours. The highest conversion was 69.77% which was obtained at reaction temperature 80 oC and crude palm oil/water mol ratio 1:12. The experiment results also showed that the reaction temperature and water excess significantly affecting the reaction conversion. Key words: crude palm oil, fatty acid, hydrolysis, HCL
IDENTIFIKASI NILAI KALOR BIOCHAR DARI TONGKOL JAGUNG DAN SEKAM PADI PADA PROSES PIROLISIS Iskandar, Taufik
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2012): Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jurnal_tekkim.v7i1.450

Abstract

Process pirolisis can alter yielded by biomassa waste at various agriculture waste and agroindustri become valuable product sell highly, easy to in operation, friendly of high environmental security standard and environment. This research aim to to identify optimal kalor value of biochar to different temperature influence at pyrolisis process with perception. Variable pyrolisis temperature are (400, 450, 500, 550, 600) 0C, and biomassa waste types (rise husk and cob). Pursuant to result of research which have been done/conducted hence optimal Value kalor of biochar rise husk at temperature 500 0C equal to 7111 cal/ gr, cob is at temperature 500 0C kalor value 3705 cal/gr. So that can be concluded that difference assess kalor at biochar product very is base on of bait type/pirolisis temperature and materials. Thereby cob biochar can be recommended upon which burn alternative pyrolisis process at temperature 500 0C because will yield biochar with high kalor value and also rate irrigate and low dusty rate. Key words: biochar, biomassa, Caloric value,  pyrolysis process
OPTIMASI VOLUME PELARUT DAN WAKTU MASERASI PENGAMBILAN FLAVONOID DAUN BELIMBING WULUH (AVERRHOA BILIMBI L.) Yulianingtyas, Aning; Kusmartono, Bambang
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 10, No 2 (2016): JURNAL TEKNIK KIMIA
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jurnal_tekkim.v10i2.539

Abstract

Belimbing wuluh merupakan salah satu tanaman yang mengandung flavonoid dan banyak dijumpai di Indonesia namun pemanfaatannya belum optimal.Flavonoid merupakan salah satu golongan fenol alam terbesar yang fungsinya tidak hanyasebagai antioksidan namun juga dapat melindungi struktur sel, meningkatkan efektivitas vitamin C, anti-inflamasi, mencegah keropos tulang, antidiare, antidiabetes, dan antibiotik.Beberapa penelitian sebelumnya masih menekankan pada uji efektivitas flavonoid sebagai obat tradisional, namun belum ada penelitian yang mengkaji kondisi optimal pengambilan flavonoid dari daun belimbing wuluh. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kondisi optimalyang meliputi volume pelarut dan waktu maserasi, sehingga diperoleh flavonoid terekstrak yang paling optimal dan diharapkan selanjutnya dapat meningkatkan efektivitasnya sebagai bahan pembuatan obat tradisional. Penelitian dimulai dengan preparasi bahan. Kemudian sebanyak 10 gram bahan dimaserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96% dengan volume pelarut dan waktu maserasi yang divariasikan. Sebelum waktu maserasi mulai dihitung, dilakukan pengadukan dengan pengaduk merkuri berkecepatan 200 rpm selama 1 jam. Hasil maserasi disaring menggunakan corong buchner, dipekatkan menggunakan rotary evaporator. Ekstrak kental yang diperoleh dianalisis secara kuantitatif menggunakan spektrofotometer        UV-Vis. Kondisi optimal dari penelitian ini tercapai saat digunakan volume pelarut 250 mL yang dimaserasi selama 48 jam dimana diperoleh berat flavonoid terekstrak sebanyak 72,31 mg.
KINETIKA REAKSI PEMBUATAN KALIUM SULFAT DARI EKSTRAK ABU BATANG PISANG DAN ASAM SULFAT Sulistyoningsih, Eka; Zahrina, Shani
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 8, No 2 (2014): JURNAL TEKNIK KIMIA
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jurnal_tekkim.v8i2.718

Abstract

Pada saat ini petani Indonesia dihadapkan dengan permasalahan harga pupuk anorganik yang melambung tinggi sehingga para petani mengalami kerugian dan kebutuhan pupuk petani yang semakin meningkat. Sebagian kebutuhan pupuk itu sudah dapat dipenuhi oleh pabrik-pabrik dalam negeri, seperti pupuk urea, ammonium sulfat, tripel super fosfat, dan pupuk majemuk NPK. Namun, pupuk kalium hampir seluruhnya masih harus import. Salah satu tumbuhan potensial yang mengandung banyak kalium ialah  pisang. Pembuatan larutan ekstrak abu dari batang pisang yang dikeringkan (dijemur), setelah itu dibakar dan diambil abunya. Kemudian abu ditambah dengan dengan aquadest (100 gram abu dalam 1 liter aquadest) lalu disaring ekstraknya..Larutan ekstrak abu batang pisang sebanyak 150 ml dimasukkan kedalam labu leher tiga, kemudian diikuti dengan penambahan H2SO4 1 N. Suhu waterbath dijaga pada suhu (oC) yang ditentukan sesuai variabel (40, 50, 60, 70, 80). Motor pengaduk dihidupkan selama waktu (menit) yang ditentukan sesuai variabel (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 ). Larutan sebanyak 25 ml diambil 3 kali pada labu leher tiga. Kemudian dimasukkan masing-masing larutan ke dalam erlenmeyer untuk dititrasi. Titrasi dilakukan untuk masing-masing larutan pada erlenmeyer tersebut dengan NaOH 0,5 N. Volume titran NaOH dicatat dan hitung konsentrasi K2SO4. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan konstanta kecepatan reaksi dan orde reaksi dari proses pembuatan kalium sulfat dari ekstrak abu pelepah pisang dan asam sulfat dan mempelajari pengaruh waktu dan suhu dalam proses pembuatan kalium sulfat. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil dari penelitian ini adalah proses pembentukan kalium sulfat dari ekstrak abu batang pisang dan asam sulfat mengikuti reaksi orde 1 semu. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan diperoleh kondisi terbaik dalam pembuatan kalium sulfat yaitu pada suhu 80 oC selama 50 menit menghasilkan konversi (XA) kalium sulfat sebesar 0,9650.
KARAKTERISTIK TEPUNG PREBIOTIK UMBI UWI (Dioscorea spp) Winarti, Sri; Saputro, Erwan Adi
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 8, No 1 (2013): JURNAL TEKNIK KIMIA
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jurnal_tekkim.v8i1.709

Abstract

Umbi uwi (Dioscorea spp.) merupakan salah satu jenis umbi yang banyak tumbuh di Indonesia  memiliki kandungan karbohidrat yang tinggi. Keanekaragaman uwi sangat banyak baik dilihat dari bentuk, ukuran, warna, maupun rasa umbinya. Terdapat lebih dari 600 spesies dari genus Dioscorea spp. tersebar di berbagai negara, termasuk Indonesia, antara lain Dioscorea hispida (gadung), Dioscorea esculenta (gembili), Discorea bulbifera (gembolo), Dioscorea alata (uwi ungu/purple yam), Dioscorea opposita (uwi putih), Dioscorea villosa (uwi kuning), Dioscorea altassima, Dioscorea. Penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan bahwa 10 jenis umbi Dioscorea spp. memiliki kadar inulin bervariasi antara 2,88-14,77%. Umbi Dioscorea spp. biasanya digunakan sebagai sumber karbohidrat alternatif di pedesaan, namun belum banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku aneka olahan produk pangan, khususnya pangan fungsional. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengevaluasi karakteristik fisiko-kimia tepung umbi uwi dan dodol prebiotik yang berbahan baku umbi uwi (Dioscorea spp). Karakteristik fisiko-kimia yang dievaluasi meliputi kadar air, pati, amilosa, amilopektin, inulin (pada tepung umbi uwi) dan tekstur, kadar gula reduksi dan uji organoleptik (pada dodol). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan uji lanjut menggunakan analisis Tukey HSD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 6 jenis umbi uwi memiliki kadar pati yang bervariasi.

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